The Experts below are selected from a list of 29454 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Concepcion Mendoza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of genetically modified low phytic acid plants on Mineral Absorption
2002Co-Authors: Concepcion MendozaAbstract:Summary The reduction of phytic acid content in grains by genetic manipulation is a novel approach to increase Mineral Absorption from food based diets. Low phytic acid corn (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and soybean (Gycine max) genotypes have been generated and Mineral Absorption has been evaluated. Genetically modified low phytic acid plants could be a novel contribution to the reduction of micronutrient malnutrition and animal waste phosphorus. Nevertheless, additional research needs to be done to understand the molecular biology and genetics of phytic acid accumulation during seed development, the negative and positive roles of dietary phytic acid in human health and the feasibility and effectiveness of the sustainable implementation of this approach at the community level.
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effect of genetically modified low phytic acid maize on Absorption of iron from tortillas
1998Co-Authors: Concepcion Mendoza, Bo Lonnerdal, Fernando E Viteri, Kevin A Young, Victor Raboy, Kenneth H BrownAbstract:BACKGROUND: Genetically modified, low-phytic acid strains of maize were developed to enhance Mineral Absorption, but have not been tested previously in humans. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the Mineral and phytic acid contents of a low-phytic acid "flint" maize (LPM, the lpa-1-1 mutant) and its parent, wild-type strain (WTM) and measured iron Absorption from tortillas prepared with each type of maize and from a reference dose of ferrous ascorbate. DESIGN: Proximate composition and Mineral and phytic acid contents were measured by standard techniques. Iron Absorption from tortillas was evaluated by using the extrinsic tag method and was measured as the incorporation of radiolabeled iron into the red blood cells of 14 nonanemic men 2 wk after intake. RESULTS: The phytic acid content of LPM was 3.48 mg/g, approximately 35% of the phytic acid content of WTM; concentrations of macronutrients and most Minerals were not significantly different between strains. Iron Absorption results were adjusted to 40% Absorption of ferrous ascorbate. Iron Absorption was 49% greater from LPM (8.2% of intake) than from WTM (5.5% of intake) tortillas (P < 0.001, repeated-measures analysis of variance). CONCLUSION: Consumption of genetically modified, low-phytic acid strains of maize may improve iron Absorption in human populations that consume maize-based diets.
Keming Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mineral Absorption feature extraction from high density vegetation area using reference spectral background removal
2016Co-Authors: Hengqian Zhao, Lifu Zhang, Xuesheng Zhao, Keming YangAbstract:Hyperspectral remote sensing has been verified to be an effective tool in Mineral information extraction. The existence of vegetation can cause a major problem for Mineral exploration, and diagnostic Absorption feature has the potential to be the key factor in Mineral information extraction from a vegetation-covered area. This letter presents a new approach of Mineral Absorption feature extraction in high-density vegetation area based on reference spectral background removal. The resulting model can simulate the background curve based on the reference spectral background and eliminate the influence of vegetation through the background removal process. Experiments on simulated data validated its great potential in both qualitative and quantitative analyses for Mineral exploration in vegetation-covered area.
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a new method of Mineral Absorption feature extraction from vegetation covered area
2016Co-Authors: Hengqian Zhao, Lifu Zhang, Xuesheng Zhao, Hang Yang, Keming Yang, Xia Zhang, Shudong Wang, Hao SunAbstract:Diagnostic Absorption feature has the potential to be the key factor in the Mineral information extraction from vegetation-covered area. Reference Spectral Background Removal (RSBR) could simulate the background curve based on the reference spectral background, and eliminate the influence through the background removal process. In this paper, RSBR was introduced into to Mineral Absorption feature extraction from high vegetation density area. Experiments on simulated data validated its great potential in Mineral exploration in vegetation-covered area.
Kenneth H Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of genetically modified low phytic acid maize on Absorption of iron from tortillas
1998Co-Authors: Concepcion Mendoza, Bo Lonnerdal, Fernando E Viteri, Kevin A Young, Victor Raboy, Kenneth H BrownAbstract:BACKGROUND: Genetically modified, low-phytic acid strains of maize were developed to enhance Mineral Absorption, but have not been tested previously in humans. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the Mineral and phytic acid contents of a low-phytic acid "flint" maize (LPM, the lpa-1-1 mutant) and its parent, wild-type strain (WTM) and measured iron Absorption from tortillas prepared with each type of maize and from a reference dose of ferrous ascorbate. DESIGN: Proximate composition and Mineral and phytic acid contents were measured by standard techniques. Iron Absorption from tortillas was evaluated by using the extrinsic tag method and was measured as the incorporation of radiolabeled iron into the red blood cells of 14 nonanemic men 2 wk after intake. RESULTS: The phytic acid content of LPM was 3.48 mg/g, approximately 35% of the phytic acid content of WTM; concentrations of macronutrients and most Minerals were not significantly different between strains. Iron Absorption results were adjusted to 40% Absorption of ferrous ascorbate. Iron Absorption was 49% greater from LPM (8.2% of intake) than from WTM (5.5% of intake) tortillas (P < 0.001, repeated-measures analysis of variance). CONCLUSION: Consumption of genetically modified, low-phytic acid strains of maize may improve iron Absorption in human populations that consume maize-based diets.
Hengqian Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mineral Absorption feature extraction from high density vegetation area using reference spectral background removal
2016Co-Authors: Hengqian Zhao, Lifu Zhang, Xuesheng Zhao, Keming YangAbstract:Hyperspectral remote sensing has been verified to be an effective tool in Mineral information extraction. The existence of vegetation can cause a major problem for Mineral exploration, and diagnostic Absorption feature has the potential to be the key factor in Mineral information extraction from a vegetation-covered area. This letter presents a new approach of Mineral Absorption feature extraction in high-density vegetation area based on reference spectral background removal. The resulting model can simulate the background curve based on the reference spectral background and eliminate the influence of vegetation through the background removal process. Experiments on simulated data validated its great potential in both qualitative and quantitative analyses for Mineral exploration in vegetation-covered area.
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Mineral Absorption feature extraction in vegetation covered region based on reference spectral background removal
2016Co-Authors: Hengqian Zhao, Lifu Zhang, Xuesheng ZhaoAbstract:Diagnostic Absorption feature has the potential to be the key factor of Mineral information extraction in vegetation-covered region. Reference Spectral Background Removal (RSBR) could simulate the background curve based on the reference spectral background, and eliminate the influence through the background removal process. In this paper, RSBR was introduced into to Mineral Absorption feature extraction from high vegetation density area. Experiments on simulated data validated its great potential in Mineral exploration in vegetation-covered region.
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a new method of Mineral Absorption feature extraction from vegetation covered area
2016Co-Authors: Hengqian Zhao, Lifu Zhang, Xuesheng Zhao, Hang Yang, Keming Yang, Xia Zhang, Shudong Wang, Hao SunAbstract:Diagnostic Absorption feature has the potential to be the key factor in the Mineral information extraction from vegetation-covered area. Reference Spectral Background Removal (RSBR) could simulate the background curve based on the reference spectral background, and eliminate the influence through the background removal process. In this paper, RSBR was introduced into to Mineral Absorption feature extraction from high vegetation density area. Experiments on simulated data validated its great potential in Mineral exploration in vegetation-covered area.
Charles Coudray - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of inulin type fructans of different chain length and type of branching on intestinal Absorption and balance of calcium and magnesium in rats
2003Co-Authors: Charles Coudray, Jean Claude Tressol, Elyett Gueux, Yves RayssiguierAbstract:Background: Inulin-type fructans or chains with mainly β[2–1] linked fructose molecules escape the ingestion procedure in the small intestine and are fermented by the microflora, and are known to increase colonic Absorption of Minerals in animals. The fermentation rate in the large bowel into short-chain fatty acids depends on the molecular mass and the structure of these food ingredients. It is thought that this colonic fermentation is the basis for the reported increase in Mineral Absorption. Aim of the study: The purpose of the present study was twofold: a) to compare different types of fructans that differ in the sugar chain length and in chain branching; b) to determine the potential synergistic effect of a combination of inulin-type fructans with different chain lengths. Methods: For this purpose, 50 adult male Wistar rats weighing 170 g each were used in this study. The rats were distributed into 5 groups and fed for 28 days a fiber-free basal purified diet or diet containing 10 % oligofructose (OF) (DPav 4), or 10 % HP-inulin (DPav 25), a blend of 50 % OF and 50 % HP-inulin, or a branched-chain inulin. Results: During the first period, the rats went into a gradual adaptation, during which the rats received 2.5 % for 1 week and then 5 % for 1 week of the tested products. During the last 4 days of the experiment, feces and urine were monitored for Mineral balance study. The animals were then sacrificed and blood, cecum and tibia were sampled for Mineral status assessment. Our results showed that the ingestion of all the tested fructans led to a considerable cecal fermentation. All tested compounds increased the intestinal Absorption and balance of Mg significantly. Interestingly, in the present experimental set-up, all tested compounds increased the intestinal Absorption and balance of Ca numerically, but only the blend OF + HP-inulin increased apparent intestinal Absorption and balance of Ca significantly. Conclusions: The different types of fructans studied in the present experiment seem to have similar activity on Mineral Absorption. However, the combination of OF and HP-inulin showed synergistic effects on intestinal Ca Absorption and balance in rats. Further studies with other combinations of fructans need to be done to extend these findings.
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Minerals and phytic acid interactions is it a real problem for human nutrition
2002Co-Authors: Walter H Lopez, Charles Coudray, Fanny Leenhardt, Christian RémésyAbstract:Summary Because of its high density of negatively charged phosphate groups, phytic acid (PA) forms very stable complexes with Mineral ions rendering them unavailable for intestinal uptake. Indeed, the first step in Mineral Absorption requires that the Mineral remains in the ionic state. As the PA content of the diet increases, the intestinal Absorption of zinc, iron and calcium decreases. The inhibitory effects of PA on magnesium or copper are more controversial. Nevertheless, PA does not occur alone in foods and is often consumed with various compounds. Phytates are always present in vegetal matrix composed of fibres, Minerals, trace elements and other phytomicronutrients. Thus, in order to evaluate Mineral Absorption from phytate-rich products, all components of diet and food interactions should be considered and it is hard to predict Mineral bioavailability in such products by using only the phytate content.
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fructooligosaccharides enhance Mineral apparent Absorption and counteract the deleterious effects of phytic acid on Mineral homeostasis in rats
2000Co-Authors: Hubert W Lopez, Charles Coudray, Christian Demigné, Marieanne Levratverny, Christine Feilletcoudray, Christian RémésyAbstract:Abstract Phytic acid (PA) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) such as inulin are two food components that are able to modify Mineral Absorption negatively or positively. The influence of PA and FOS on the cecal and apparent Mineral Absorption as well as on the Mineral status (plasma, hepatic, and bone) were investigated in four groups of rats fed one of the experimental diets: a fiber-free (FF) diet, a FF diet containing 7 g/kg PA (FF + PA), a diet containing 100 g/kg inulin (FOS), or a FOS diet containing 7 g/kg PA (FOS + PA). The cecal enlargement together with the acidification of cecal pH in rats adapted to FOS diets led to an improved Ca and Mg cecal Absorption. Mineral apparent Absorption was significantly enhanced by FOS ingestion (Ca, +20%; Mg, +50%; Fe, +23%; Cu, +45%), whereas PA decreased this factor only for trace elements (Fe, −48%; Zn, −62%; Cu, −31%). These inhibitory effects of a FF + PA diet have repercussions on blood (Mg, −15%; Fe, −12%; transferrin saturation −31%), liver (Mg, −18%; Fe, −42%; Zn, −25%), and bone (Zn, −25%) variables. However, the introduction of FOS into a PA diet counteracted these observed deleterious effects by stimulating bacterial hydrolysis of PA (+60% in rats adapted to FOS + PA compared to those fed the FF + PA diet) and by improving cecal Absorption of Minerals.