The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Arno Behr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Continuously Operated Telomerisations with Renewables in Miniplants
Catalysis by Metal Complexes, 2020Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Andreas J VorholtAbstract:Process development of new chemicals always starts in the laboratory in discontinuous, i.e. batch experiments.
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An Old Friend in a New Guise–Recent Trends in Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalysis
ChemBioEng Reviews, 2020Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Andreas J Vorholt, Thomas SeidenstickerAbstract:The present contribution surveys recent developments and trends in homogeneous transition metal catalysis (HTMC). Emphasis is on industrially relevant reactions, such as hydroformylations, carbonylations, hydrogenations, oxidations, aminations, metatheses, and related tandem reactions. Besides classical petrochemical feedstocks, transformations of renewable resources are also taken into account. Additionally, examples of homogeneous catalysis in continuously operated Miniplants are disclosed.
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Rhodium catalyzed hydroformylation of 1-dodecene using an advanced solvent system: Towards highly efficient catalyst recycling
Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2020Co-Authors: M. Zagajewski, Jens M Dreimann, M. Thönes, Arno BehrAbstract:Abstract The challenging task of rhodium catalyzed hydroformylation with higher olefins is the efficient combination of the reaction and separation step for catalyst recovery and recycling. One promising concept is the use of organic solvent systems, which use a strong polar organic phase for the catalyst and allow a liquid/liquid-separation of product and catalyst after the reaction step. In this work, the hydroformylation reaction with 1-dodecene is presented in discontinuous lab-scale investigations as well as continuously driven in a Miniplant. The hydroformylation reaction is carried out in a two-component solvent system containing propylene carbonate as polar catalyst solvent and decane as apolar product solvent.
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co2 based synthesis of various formamides in Miniplant scale a two step process design
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Rene Kuhlmann, Arno Behr, Andreas J Vorholt, Kai U Kunnemann, Laura HinderinkAbstract:The utilization of carbon dioxide in the synthesis of valuable chemicals has attained high attention in the last decades. Numerous new syntheses were developed by applying innovative catalysts and demonstrated the versatile application possibilities of the thermodynamic stable molecule. However, only a few reaction systems were developed into a technical application. In this work, we present investigations of a homogeneous catalyzed reaction system for the synthesis of formamides in a Miniplant scale. The applied catalyst complex Ru-Macho was recycled via immobilization in a nonpolar alcohol phase and showed a high stability within the observed period of 234 h. The formed products were extracted in situ into an aqueous phase. An average yield of 48% N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) proved a good activity of the reaction system. An alteration of the reaction designed into a two-step process allowed an extension of the product range to yield a broad variation of formamides with high yields up to 89%.
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ruthenium catalyzed hydroformylation from laboratory to continuous Miniplant scale
Catalysis Science & Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Alexander Kamper, Peter Kucmierczyk, Thomas Seidensticker, Andreas J Vorholt, Robert Franke, Arno BehrAbstract:Hydroformylation of alkenes for the production of aldehydes is one of the most important homogeneously catalyzed reactions on an industrial scale. Mostly, these processes are based on expensive rhodium as the catalyst metal. In this contribution, we present for the first time the successful application of ruthenium as a cheaper alternative metal in a continuously operated Miniplant. In the reaction of 1-octene, ex situ extraction of the oxo-products is conducted using the nonpolar solvent iso-octane, while the catalyst is retained in a polar DMF phase. After optimizing the reaction conditions on a batch scale, the recycling of the ruthenium catalyst was realized over a period of 90 h in a fully automated Miniplant setup.
Alexander Kamper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ruthenium catalyzed hydroformylation from laboratory to continuous Miniplant scale
Catalysis Science & Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Alexander Kamper, Peter Kucmierczyk, Thomas Seidensticker, Andreas J Vorholt, Robert Franke, Arno BehrAbstract:Hydroformylation of alkenes for the production of aldehydes is one of the most important homogeneously catalyzed reactions on an industrial scale. Mostly, these processes are based on expensive rhodium as the catalyst metal. In this contribution, we present for the first time the successful application of ruthenium as a cheaper alternative metal in a continuously operated Miniplant. In the reaction of 1-octene, ex situ extraction of the oxo-products is conducted using the nonpolar solvent iso-octane, while the catalyst is retained in a polar DMF phase. After optimizing the reaction conditions on a batch scale, the recycling of the ruthenium catalyst was realized over a period of 90 h in a fully automated Miniplant setup.
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first iridium catalyzed hydroformylation in a continuously operated Miniplant
Chemical Engineering Science, 2016Co-Authors: Alexander Kamper, Robert Franke, Sirisap Jenny Warrelmann, Kristina Reiswich, Rene Kuhlmann, Arno BehrAbstract:Abstract As demand for the scarce element rhodium continues to grow, the need to apply alternative metals in homogeneous catalyzed hydroformylation is becoming even more essential. Initial results at laboratory scale emphasized the high potential of, e.g., iridium-based catalysts for further investigations. However, the real suitability of iridium catalysts can only be determined by conducting long-term experiments in continuous operation. As such, a highly flexible, continuously operated Miniplant in which a variety of alternative transition metals can be applied was designed. Following the initial Miniplant start-up and optimization, the first scale-up of the iridium/phosphine-catalyzed hydroformylation of 1-octene into continuous plant operation succeeded. An efficient catalyst recycling concept via extraction was implemented, resulting in a very low catalyst leaching for both iridium and phosphorus (0.1%/h) and a steady state plant operation over 90 h. These results showed favorable long-term iridium catalyst activity and stability, which led to conversion and aldehyde chemoselectivity rates of approximately 85%. In further experiments, key parameters such as CO/H 2 ratio or reaction temperature were investigated to further optimize the catalytic performance. In addition to 1-octene, other substrates, such as 1-pentene, where applied successfully, too, which demonstrated the high flexibility and performance of iridium catalysts at a continuous scale and underscored the high potential or further use in industrial applications.
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entwicklung und untersuchung eines verfahrens zur herstellung verzweigter fettstoffe im Miniplant masstab
Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2014Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Henning Witte, Alexander Kamper, Jennifer Haselberg, Martin NickelAbstract:Verzweigte Oleochemikalien unterscheiden sich in ihren physikochemischen Eigenschaften deutlich von Ihren geradkettigen Homologen, woraus sich ein gesteigertes industrielles Interesse an dieser Stoffklasse ergibt. Innerhalb der vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurde ein homogenkatalysiertes Verfahren zur Herstellung verzweigter Oleochemikalien mittels Tandemreaktion linolhaltiger Fettsaurederivate und Ethen weiterentwickelt. In den Miniplant-Versuchen konnte der Katalysator mithilfe eines temperaturgesteuerten Mehrkomponenten-Losungsmittelsystems uber eine Versuchsdauer von 100 h erfolgreich recycelt werden. Branched oleo derivatives have different physicochemical properties in contrast to their linear homologues and are therefore in great demand in industry. A homogeneous process is presented, which was further developed for the production of branched oleo derivatives by tandem reaction of linoleic acid derivatives with ethene. Within the Miniplant experiments the catalyst could be recycled successfully by temperature dependent solvent system over an operating time of 100 h.
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Entwicklung und Untersuchung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung verzweigter Fettstoffe im Miniplant‐Maßstab
Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2014Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Henning Witte, Alexander Kamper, Jennifer Haßelberg, Martin NickelAbstract:Verzweigte Oleochemikalien unterscheiden sich in ihren physikochemischen Eigenschaften deutlich von Ihren geradkettigen Homologen, woraus sich ein gesteigertes industrielles Interesse an dieser Stoffklasse ergibt. Innerhalb der vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurde ein homogenkatalysiertes Verfahren zur Herstellung verzweigter Oleochemikalien mittels Tandemreaktion linolhaltiger Fettsaurederivate und Ethen weiterentwickelt. In den Miniplant-Versuchen konnte der Katalysator mithilfe eines temperaturgesteuerten Mehrkomponenten-Losungsmittelsystems uber eine Versuchsdauer von 100 h erfolgreich recycelt werden. Branched oleo derivatives have different physicochemical properties in contrast to their linear homologues and are therefore in great demand in industry. A homogeneous process is presented, which was further developed for the production of branched oleo derivatives by tandem reaction of linoleic acid derivatives with ethene. Within the Miniplant experiments the catalyst could be recycled successfully by temperature dependent solvent system over an operating time of 100 h.
Jennifer Haselberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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process development for the synthesis of saturated branched fatty derivatives combination of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in Miniplant scale
Chemical Engineering Science, 2016Co-Authors: Jennifer Haselberg, Arno Behr, C Weiser, J B Bially, I SinevAbstract:Abstract Saturated branched fatty derivatives find application in lubricant and cosmetic industry due to the decisive advantages in temperature and viscosity behavior compared to their linear homologs. Thus, finding new synthesis routes, particularly based on renewable resources, is of great industrial interest. This work covers a new synthesis route for production of such saturated branched derivatives based on linoleic methyl ester. The developed process combines homogeneously rhodium catalyzed co-oligomerization of linoleic methyl ester with ethylene and heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation of the co-oligomers in Miniplant scale. The paper focuses on the hydrogenation in trickle bed reactor and optimization of operation conditions as well as optimization of packings and liquid distribution. Saturated branched derivatives with very low iodine values have been produced in Miniplant scale using a diluted catalyst packing consisting of large Pd/C catalyst pellets and small SiC particles. Different SiC fractions have been tested to investigate the effect on liquid distribution. Additionally long term stability of the heterogeneous Pd/C catalyst has been successfully tested for more than 100 h. Simultaneous adsorption of the used homogenous rhodium catalyst on the fixed bed was analyzed by XPS. Additionally this paper discusses the general transferability of the process combination consisting of homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction steps to other synthesis route and product groups.
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entwicklung und untersuchung eines verfahrens zur herstellung verzweigter fettstoffe im Miniplant masstab
Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2014Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Henning Witte, Alexander Kamper, Jennifer Haselberg, Martin NickelAbstract:Verzweigte Oleochemikalien unterscheiden sich in ihren physikochemischen Eigenschaften deutlich von Ihren geradkettigen Homologen, woraus sich ein gesteigertes industrielles Interesse an dieser Stoffklasse ergibt. Innerhalb der vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurde ein homogenkatalysiertes Verfahren zur Herstellung verzweigter Oleochemikalien mittels Tandemreaktion linolhaltiger Fettsaurederivate und Ethen weiterentwickelt. In den Miniplant-Versuchen konnte der Katalysator mithilfe eines temperaturgesteuerten Mehrkomponenten-Losungsmittelsystems uber eine Versuchsdauer von 100 h erfolgreich recycelt werden. Branched oleo derivatives have different physicochemical properties in contrast to their linear homologues and are therefore in great demand in industry. A homogeneous process is presented, which was further developed for the production of branched oleo derivatives by tandem reaction of linoleic acid derivatives with ethene. Within the Miniplant experiments the catalyst could be recycled successfully by temperature dependent solvent system over an operating time of 100 h.
Martin Nickel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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entwicklung und untersuchung eines verfahrens zur herstellung verzweigter fettstoffe im Miniplant masstab
Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2014Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Henning Witte, Alexander Kamper, Jennifer Haselberg, Martin NickelAbstract:Verzweigte Oleochemikalien unterscheiden sich in ihren physikochemischen Eigenschaften deutlich von Ihren geradkettigen Homologen, woraus sich ein gesteigertes industrielles Interesse an dieser Stoffklasse ergibt. Innerhalb der vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurde ein homogenkatalysiertes Verfahren zur Herstellung verzweigter Oleochemikalien mittels Tandemreaktion linolhaltiger Fettsaurederivate und Ethen weiterentwickelt. In den Miniplant-Versuchen konnte der Katalysator mithilfe eines temperaturgesteuerten Mehrkomponenten-Losungsmittelsystems uber eine Versuchsdauer von 100 h erfolgreich recycelt werden. Branched oleo derivatives have different physicochemical properties in contrast to their linear homologues and are therefore in great demand in industry. A homogeneous process is presented, which was further developed for the production of branched oleo derivatives by tandem reaction of linoleic acid derivatives with ethene. Within the Miniplant experiments the catalyst could be recycled successfully by temperature dependent solvent system over an operating time of 100 h.
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Entwicklung und Untersuchung eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung verzweigter Fettstoffe im Miniplant‐Maßstab
Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2014Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Henning Witte, Alexander Kamper, Jennifer Haßelberg, Martin NickelAbstract:Verzweigte Oleochemikalien unterscheiden sich in ihren physikochemischen Eigenschaften deutlich von Ihren geradkettigen Homologen, woraus sich ein gesteigertes industrielles Interesse an dieser Stoffklasse ergibt. Innerhalb der vorliegenden Untersuchungen wurde ein homogenkatalysiertes Verfahren zur Herstellung verzweigter Oleochemikalien mittels Tandemreaktion linolhaltiger Fettsaurederivate und Ethen weiterentwickelt. In den Miniplant-Versuchen konnte der Katalysator mithilfe eines temperaturgesteuerten Mehrkomponenten-Losungsmittelsystems uber eine Versuchsdauer von 100 h erfolgreich recycelt werden. Branched oleo derivatives have different physicochemical properties in contrast to their linear homologues and are therefore in great demand in industry. A homogeneous process is presented, which was further developed for the production of branched oleo derivatives by tandem reaction of linoleic acid derivatives with ethene. Within the Miniplant experiments the catalyst could be recycled successfully by temperature dependent solvent system over an operating time of 100 h.
Lutz Domke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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herstellung von glycerin tert butylethern entwicklung vom labor bis zur Miniplant
Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2016Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Alexander Kleyensteiber, Lutz DomkeAbstract:Di- und Tri-tert-butylether des Glycerins (h-GTBE) sind durch ihren unpolaren Charakter hervorragend mischbar mit zahlreichen Kohlenwasserstoffen. Sie besitzen ausgezeichnete Verbrennungseigenschaften und sind damit besonders attraktiv fur den Einsatz als Kraftstoffadditive. In dieser Arbeit wurde die saurekatalysierte Hydroalkoxylierung von Glycerin und Isobuten zur Herstellung von h-GTBE studiert. Voruntersuchungen ermoglichten die Ermittlung der Reaktionsparameter sowie die Abtrennung der Produkte. Unter Ruckfuhrung der Ausgangstoffe wurde eine kontinuierlich betriebene Miniplant im Langzeitbetrieb errichtet. Di- and tri-tert-butyl ethers of glycerol (h-GTBE) are magnificently miscible with numerous hydrocarbons due to their nonpolar properties. They have excellent combustion characteristics, what makes them especially attractive as additives in fuels. This work deals with the acid-catalyzed hydroalkoxylation of glycerol and isobutene for the production of h-GTBE. Preliminary investigations enabled the determination of the reaction parameters and separation of the products. With recovery of the substrates, a continuously operated Miniplant was established in a long-term performance.
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Herstellung von Glycerin‐tert‐butylethern – Entwicklung vom Labor bis zur Miniplant
Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 2016Co-Authors: Arno Behr, Alexander Kleyensteiber, Lutz DomkeAbstract:Di- und Tri-tert-butylether des Glycerins (h-GTBE) sind durch ihren unpolaren Charakter hervorragend mischbar mit zahlreichen Kohlenwasserstoffen. Sie besitzen ausgezeichnete Verbrennungseigenschaften und sind damit besonders attraktiv fur den Einsatz als Kraftstoffadditive. In dieser Arbeit wurde die saurekatalysierte Hydroalkoxylierung von Glycerin und Isobuten zur Herstellung von h-GTBE studiert. Voruntersuchungen ermoglichten die Ermittlung der Reaktionsparameter sowie die Abtrennung der Produkte. Unter Ruckfuhrung der Ausgangstoffe wurde eine kontinuierlich betriebene Miniplant im Langzeitbetrieb errichtet. Di- and tri-tert-butyl ethers of glycerol (h-GTBE) are magnificently miscible with numerous hydrocarbons due to their nonpolar properties. They have excellent combustion characteristics, what makes them especially attractive as additives in fuels. This work deals with the acid-catalyzed hydroalkoxylation of glycerol and isobutene for the production of h-GTBE. Preliminary investigations enabled the determination of the reaction parameters and separation of the products. With recovery of the substrates, a continuously operated Miniplant was established in a long-term performance.