The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
B F Nowak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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histological Mucous Cell quantification and mucosal mapping reveal different aspects of Mucous Cell responses in gills and skin of shorthorn sculpins myoxocephalus scorpius
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2020Co-Authors: Mai Dang, Karin Pittman, Lis Bach, Christian Sonne, Sophia V Hansson, Jens Sondergaard, Megan Stride, B F NowakAbstract:Abstract In teleosts, the mucosal epithelial barriers represent the first line of defence against environmental challenges such as pathogens and environmental contaminants. Mucous Cells (MCs) are specialised Cells providing this protection through mucus production. Therefore, a better understanding of various MC quantification methods is critical to interpret MC responses. Here, we compare histological (also called traditional) quantification of MCs with a novel mucosal mapping method to understand the differences between the two methods' assessment of MC responses to parasitic infections and pollution exposure in shorthorn sculpins (Myoxocephalus scorpius). Overall, both methods distinguished between the fish from stations with different levels of pollutants and detected the links between MC responses and parasitic infection. Traditional quantification showed relationship between MC size and body size of the fish whereas mucosal mapping detected a link between MC responses and Pb level in liver. While traditional method gave numerical density, mucosal mapping gave volumetric density of the Mucous Cells in the mucosa. Both methods differentiated MC population in skin from those in the gills, but only mucosal mapping pointed out the consistent differences between filament and lamellar MC populations within the gills. Given the importance of mucosal barriers in fish, a better understanding of various MC quantification methods and the linkages between MC responses, somatic health and environmental stressors is highly valuable.
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Mucous Cell responses to contaminants and parasites in shorthorn sculpins myoxocephalus scorpius from a former lead zinc mine in west greenland
Science of The Total Environment, 2019Co-Authors: Mai Dang, Karin Pittman, Lis Bach, Christian Sonne, Sophia V Hansson, Jens Sondergaard, Megan Stride, B F NowakAbstract:Previous studies of sculpins from the former lead (Pb) - zinc (Zn) mine near Maarmorilik, West Greenland, have shown that these fish are affected by heavy metal exposure from the mine. In this study, we applied mucosal mapping (a stereological method for mucosal quantification in fish) to uncover interactions between the host, parasites and heavy metal exposure (Pb and Zn) in shorthorn sculpins from the Maarmorilik mining site at a gradient of 3 stations. Skin and gill mucosal epithelia of shorthorn sculpins were significantly affected and reflected the exposure to environmental heavy metals and parasites. Size of skin Mucous Cells was significantly smallest in the sculpin from the station 3 where heavy metal contamination was lowest and the skin parasite load was highest. Gill filament Mucous Cells were largest and densest in fish from station 1 which was the most contaminated site. In gill lamellae the density of Mucous Cell followed a toxicity gradient and was significantly highest at the most contaminated station and significantly lowest at the least contaminated station. The persistent presence of toxic Pb and Zn levels in the sediment at the most contaminated station may have induced a small but measurable reduction in the surface area available for respiration and may have affected diffusion distance. The strong correlation between size of filamentous Mucous Cells and Pb concentrations in liver suggests that these Cells can play an active role in reducing the somatic load of Pb in sculpin. We suggest that mucosal mapping can be used to assess effects of contaminant and parasite exposure in future environmental field studies.
Mitsuru Furusawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biological characterization of gastric surface Mucous Cell line gsm06 from transgenic mice harboring temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large t antigen gene
Digestion, 1996Co-Authors: Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Norifumi Sugiyama, Tadashi Horiuchi, Kazuhisa Furuhama, Mitsuru FurusawaAbstract:We investigated the biological features of gastric surface Mucous Cell line GSM06, established from transgenic mice harboring the temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. GSM06 Cell
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establishment of gastric surface Mucous Cell lines from transgenic mice harboring temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large t antigen gene
Experimental Cell Research, 1993Co-Authors: Norifumi Sugiyama, Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Tadashi Horiuchi, Masuo Obinata, Mitsuru FurusawaAbstract:Abstract We succeeded in establishing two gastric surface Mucous Cell lines (designated as GSM06 and GSM10), which produce periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)- and concanavalin A (Con A)-positive glycoproteins, from a primary culture of gastric fundic mucosal Cells of adult transgenic mice harboring a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. At the permissive temperature (33°C), GSM06 and GSM10 Cells grew until confluent monolayers were formed and have now been in culture for more than 9 months with regular passaging. Con A-horseradish peroxidase- and PAS-positive staining indicated that these Cells retain the characteristics of gastric surface Mucous Cells. GSM06 Cells showed temperature-sensitive growth in culture and expressed SV40 large T-antigen at the permissive temperature but not at a nonpermissive temperature (39°C). In contrast, GSM10 Cells showed temperature-insensitive growth and expressed T-antigen at both permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the establishment of gastric surface Mucous Cell lines from animals. These immortalized Cell lines with normal characteristics may serve as good experimental models for the basic and applied biology of gastric surface Mucous Cells.
Yoshiaki Tabuchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biological characterization of gastric surface Mucous Cell line gsm06 from transgenic mice harboring temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large t antigen gene
Digestion, 1996Co-Authors: Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Norifumi Sugiyama, Tadashi Horiuchi, Kazuhisa Furuhama, Mitsuru FurusawaAbstract:We investigated the biological features of gastric surface Mucous Cell line GSM06, established from transgenic mice harboring the temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. GSM06 Cell
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establishment of gastric surface Mucous Cell lines from transgenic mice harboring temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large t antigen gene
Experimental Cell Research, 1993Co-Authors: Norifumi Sugiyama, Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Tadashi Horiuchi, Masuo Obinata, Mitsuru FurusawaAbstract:Abstract We succeeded in establishing two gastric surface Mucous Cell lines (designated as GSM06 and GSM10), which produce periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)- and concanavalin A (Con A)-positive glycoproteins, from a primary culture of gastric fundic mucosal Cells of adult transgenic mice harboring a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. At the permissive temperature (33°C), GSM06 and GSM10 Cells grew until confluent monolayers were formed and have now been in culture for more than 9 months with regular passaging. Con A-horseradish peroxidase- and PAS-positive staining indicated that these Cells retain the characteristics of gastric surface Mucous Cells. GSM06 Cells showed temperature-sensitive growth in culture and expressed SV40 large T-antigen at the permissive temperature but not at a nonpermissive temperature (39°C). In contrast, GSM10 Cells showed temperature-insensitive growth and expressed T-antigen at both permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the establishment of gastric surface Mucous Cell lines from animals. These immortalized Cell lines with normal characteristics may serve as good experimental models for the basic and applied biology of gastric surface Mucous Cells.
Norifumi Sugiyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biological characterization of gastric surface Mucous Cell line gsm06 from transgenic mice harboring temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large t antigen gene
Digestion, 1996Co-Authors: Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Norifumi Sugiyama, Tadashi Horiuchi, Kazuhisa Furuhama, Mitsuru FurusawaAbstract:We investigated the biological features of gastric surface Mucous Cell line GSM06, established from transgenic mice harboring the temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. GSM06 Cell
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establishment of gastric surface Mucous Cell lines from transgenic mice harboring temperature sensitive simian virus 40 large t antigen gene
Experimental Cell Research, 1993Co-Authors: Norifumi Sugiyama, Yoshiaki Tabuchi, Tadashi Horiuchi, Masuo Obinata, Mitsuru FurusawaAbstract:Abstract We succeeded in establishing two gastric surface Mucous Cell lines (designated as GSM06 and GSM10), which produce periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)- and concanavalin A (Con A)-positive glycoproteins, from a primary culture of gastric fundic mucosal Cells of adult transgenic mice harboring a temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. At the permissive temperature (33°C), GSM06 and GSM10 Cells grew until confluent monolayers were formed and have now been in culture for more than 9 months with regular passaging. Con A-horseradish peroxidase- and PAS-positive staining indicated that these Cells retain the characteristics of gastric surface Mucous Cells. GSM06 Cells showed temperature-sensitive growth in culture and expressed SV40 large T-antigen at the permissive temperature but not at a nonpermissive temperature (39°C). In contrast, GSM10 Cells showed temperature-insensitive growth and expressed T-antigen at both permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the establishment of gastric surface Mucous Cell lines from animals. These immortalized Cell lines with normal characteristics may serve as good experimental models for the basic and applied biology of gastric surface Mucous Cells.
Jack R Harkema - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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innate lymphoid Cells mediate pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation airway Mucous Cell metaplasia and type 2 immunity in mice exposed to ozone
Toxicologic Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Kazuyoshi Kumagai, James G Wagner, Ryan P Lewandowski, Daven N Jacksonhumbles, Nicholas Buglak, Ning Li, Kaylin White, Steven J Van Dyken, Jack R HarkemaAbstract:Exposure to elevated levels of ambient ozone in photochemical smog is associated with eosinophilic airway inflammation and nonatopic asthma in children. In the present study, we determined the role of innate lymphoid Cells (ILCs) in the pathogenesis of ozone-induced nonatopic asthma by using lymphoid Cell-sufficient C57BL/6 mice, ILC-sufficient Rag2−/− mice (devoid of T and B Cells), and ILC-deficient Rag2−/−Il2rg−/− mice (depleted of all lymphoid Cells including ILCs). Mice were exposed to 0 or 0.8 parts per million ozone for 1 day or 9 consecutive weekdays (4 hr/day). A single exposure to ozone caused neutrophilic inflammation, airway epithelial injury, and reparative DNA synthesis in all strains of mice, irrespective of the presence or absence of ILCs. In contrast, 9-day exposures induced eosinophilic inflammation and Mucous Cell metaplasia only in the lungs of ILC-sufficient mice. Repeated ozone exposures also elicited increased messenger RNA expression of transcripts associated with type 2 immunity a...
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supplementation with γ tocopherol attenuates endotoxin induced airway neutrophil and Mucous Cell responses in rats
Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: James G Wagner, Jack R Harkema, Daven N Jacksonhumbles, Qing Jiang, Neil P Birmingham, David B PedenAbstract:Abstract Neutrophil-mediated tissue injury is a shared pathogenesis of both chronic pulmonary diseases and acute responses to pathogens, allergens, and airborne pollutants. Interventions to minimize toxic effects of neutrophil-derived oxidants and proteases are usually limited to corticosteroids, which can have adverse side effects. We used a rodent model of endotoxin-induced lung injury to test the hypothesis that the dietary supplement γ-tocopherol (γT), a natural form of vitamin E with antioxidant and novel anti-inflammatory properties, will protect from adverse nasal and pulmonary inflammatory responses induced by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS). Male Fisher F344 rats were intranasally (i.n.) instilled with LPS for 2 consecutive days. Beginning 2 days before i.n. LPS, the rats were gavaged daily with 30 mg/kg γT. Twenty-four hours after the last i.n. LPS, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and pulmonary and nasal tissues were analyzed for gene expression and morphometric analyses of neutrophils and intraepithelial mucosubstances (IM). LPS caused increased BALF total Cells (70% increase), neutrophils (300%), protein (35%), PGE2 (500%), and secreted mucins (75%). Robust increases in neutrophils and IM were detected in conducting airways. Pulmonary expression of MUC5AC, MIP-2, CINC-1, and MCP-1 was elevated three- to eightfold by LPS. Treatment with γT inhibited LPS-induced increases in BALF total Cells, neutrophils, protein, PGE2, and secreted mucins, as well as IM and tissue neutrophil influx. Furthermore γT induced the expression of the regulatory cytokines IL-10 and IFN-γ while decreasing MUC5AC, MIP-2, CINC-1, and MCP-1. These data demonstrate novel therapeutic effects of the dietary vitamin E γT promoting anti-inflammatory pathways to protect from neutrophil-mediated lung injury.
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γ tocopherol prevents airway eosinophilia and Mucous Cell hyperplasia in experimentally induced allergic rhinitis and asthma
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2008Co-Authors: James G Wagner, Jack R Harkema, Qing Jiang, Bruce N Ames, Beate Illek, R A Roubey, David B PedenAbstract:BACKGROUND: Traditional therapies for asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) such as corticosteroids and antihistamines are not without limitations and side effects. The use of complementary and alternative approaches to treat allergic airways disease, including the use of herbal and dietary supplements, is increasing but their efficacy and safety are relatively understudied. Previously, we have demonstrated that gamma-tocopherol (gammaT), the primary form of dietary vitamin E, is more effective than alpha-tocopherol, the primary form found in supplements and tissue, in reducing systemic inflammation induced by non-immunogenic stimuli. OBJECTIVE: We used allergic Brown Norway rats to test the hypothesis that a dietary supplement with gammaT would protect from adverse nasal and pulmonary responses to airway allergen provocation. METHODS: Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized Brown Norway rats were treated orally with gammaT before intranasal provocation with OVA. Twenty-four hours after two challenges, histopathological changes in the nose, sinus and pulmonary airways were compared with gene expression and cytokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma. RESULTS: We found that acute dosing for 4 days with gammaT was sufficient to provide broad protection from inflammatory Cell recruitment and epithelial Cell alterations induced by allergen challenge. Eosinophil infiltration into airspaces and tissues of the lung, nose, sinus and nasolacrimal duct was blocked in allergic rats treated with gammaT. Pulmonary production of soluble mediators PGE(2), LTB(4) and cysteinyl leukotrienes, and nasal expression of IL-4, -5, -13 and IFN-gamma were also inhibited by gammaT. Mucous Cell metaplasia, the increase in the number of goblet Cells and amounts of intraepithelial mucus storage, was induced by allergen in both pulmonary and nasal airways and decreased by treatment with gammaT. CONCLUSIONS: Acute treatment with gammaT inhibits important inflammatory pathways that underlie the pathogenesis of both AR and asthma. Supplementation with gammaT may be a novel complementary therapy for allergic airways disease.
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airway inflammation is associated with Mucous Cell metaplasia and increased intraepithelial stored mucosubstances in horses
Veterinary Journal, 2006Co-Authors: Joel Lugo, Jack R Harkema, Heather Defeijterrupp, Lisa R Bartner, Daniel T Boruta, Edward N RobinsonAbstract:Abstract This study was performed to determine if a peripheral sample of lung from the site where biopsy is conducted is representative of the rest of the lung and to investigate the relationship between airway inflammation and intraepithelial Mucous production in the peripheral airways. Lung parenchyma samples were collected from five different regions of the lung in five control and five heaves-affected horses. Horse groups were defined by clinical response to stabling. Tissue sections were used for semi-quantitative scoring of lesions, to count the number of airways, to quantify the amount of stored mucosubstances (Vs) within the epithelium, and to count the number of epithelial Cells in terminal airways. No significant differences were found between lung regions or between groups of horses. Lack of regional differences in airway structures means that a biopsy sample can be used for diagnosis and investigation of diffusely distributed diseases. Airway inflammation was correlated with Mucous Cell metaplasia and Vs. Therefore, in horses, mucus accumulation is partly caused by increased number of Mucous Cells and is associated with airway inflammation. Therapy targeted to reduce airway inflammation will help reduce the excessive Mucous accumulation in horses.
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dna synthesis and bcl 2 expression during development of Mucous Cell metaplasia in airway epithelium of rats exposed to lps
American Journal of Physiology-lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 2004Co-Authors: Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Jon A Hotchkiss, Foster J Harris, Jack R HarkemaAbstract:Exposure of pulmonary airways to environmental toxins and allergens may cause proliferation of airway epithelial Cells and Mucous Cell metaplasia (MCM); however, it is unclear to what extent prolif...