N-Nitrosodiphenylamine

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Stuart J Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of n nitrosamines in water by isotope dilution gas chromatography electron ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
    Talanta, 2012
    Co-Authors: James A Mcdonald, Nick B Harden, Long D Nghiem, Stuart J Khan
    Abstract:

    Abstract A method has been developed for the determination of eight N-nitrosamines in drinking water and treated municipal effluent. The method uses solid phase extraction (SPE), gas chromatography (GC) and analysis by tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) with electron ionization (EI). The target compounds are N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosomethyethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosodiethylamine NDEA), N-nitrosodipropylamine (NDPA), N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBuA), N-Nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPyr), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPip), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMorph). The use of direct isotope analogues for isotope dilution analysis of all analytes ensures accurate quantification, accounting for analytical variabilities that may occur during sample processing, extraction and instrumental analysis. Method detection levels (MDLs) were determined to describe analyte concentrations sufficient to provide a signal with 99% certainty of detection. The established MDLs for all analytes were 0.4–4 ng L−1 in a variety of aqueous matrices. Sample matrices were observed to have only a minor impact on MDLs and the method validation confirmed satisfactory method stability over intra-day and inter-day analyses of tap water and tertiary treated effluent samples.

Zahra Talebpour - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Evaluation of a method for the simultaneous quantification of N-nitrosamines in water samples based on stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography and diode array detection.
    Journal of Separation Science, 2015
    Co-Authors: Zahra Talebpour, Simindokht Rostami, Hassan Rezadoost
    Abstract:

    A simple, sensitive, and reliable procedure based on stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography was applied to simultaneously extract and determine three semipolar nitrosamines including N-nitrosodibutylamine, N-Nitrosodiphenylamine, and N-nitrosodicyclohexylamine. To achieve the optimum conditions, the effective parameters on the extraction efficiency including desorption solvent and time, ionic strength of sample, extraction time, and sample volume were systematically investigated. The optimized extraction procedure was carried out by stir bars coated with polydimethylsiloxane. Under optimum extraction conditions, the performance of the proposed method was studied. The linear dynamic range was obtained in the range of 0.95–1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9995), 0.26–1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9988) and both 0.32–100 ng/mL (r = 0.9999) and 100–1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9998) with limits of detection of 0.28, 0.08, and 0.09 ng/mL for N-nitrosodibutylamine, N-Nitrosodiphenylamine, and N-nitrosodicyclohexylamine, respectively. The average recoveries were obtained >81%, and the reproducibility of the proposed method presented as intra- and interday precision were also found with a relative standard deviation

  • Methyl Methacrylate–Ethyleneglycol Dimethacrylate–Acrylic Acid Surface as Stationary Phase for Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction
    Chromatographia, 2010
    Co-Authors: Zahra Talebpour, Mehregan Safari, Fatemeh Molaabaci, Ali Alizadeh, Hassan Y. Aboul-enein
    Abstract:

    A novel poly(methyl methacrylate–ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate–acrylic acid) film has been introduced for coating on stir bars to sorptive extraction (SBSE). The effects of different contents of porogen, monomer, cross-linker, modifier and initiator during the solvent or bulk polymerization step on the mechanical property and solvent resistant of prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated. The evaluation of results were caused to obtain the four prepared sorptive stir bars with good mechanical stability and excellent resistance to organic solvents. The extraction efficiency of these prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated by liquid desorption-liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (LD-LC-UV) using N -Nitrosodiphenylamine as target analyte. SBSE assays showed the sorptive stir bar that prepared using solution polymerization method had the better recovery for N -Nitrosodiphenylamine in water samples. This sorptive stir bar showed good linearity and acceptable recoveries, as well as advantages such as sensitivity, simplicity, low cost and high feasibility. Based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) results, the average pore size of optimum prepared stir bar using solvent polymerization method was obtained ~9 nm. The thermal gravity (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed this polyacrylate film has high thermal stability.

  • Erratum to: Methyl Methacrylate–Ethyleneglycol Dimethacrylate–Acrylic Acid Surface as Stationary Phase for Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction
    Chromatographia, 2010
    Co-Authors: Zahra Talebpour, Mehregan Safari, Fatemeh Molaabaci, Reza Alizadeh, Hassan Y. Aboul-enein
    Abstract:

    A novel poly(methyl methacrylate–ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate–acrylic acid) film has been introduced for coating on stir bars to sorptive extraction (SBSE). The effects of different contents of porogen, monomer, cross-linker, modifier and initiator during the solvent or bulk polymerization step on the mechanical property and solvent resistant of prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated. The evaluation of results were caused to obtain the four prepared sorptive stir bars with good mechanical stability and excellent resistance to organic solvents. The extraction efficiency of these prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated by liquid desorption-liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (LD-LC-UV) using N-Nitrosodiphenylamine as target analyte. SBSE assays showed the sorptive stir bar that prepared using solution polymerization method had the better recovery for N-Nitrosodiphenylamine in water samples. This sorptive stir bar showed good linearity and acceptable recoveries, as well as advantages such as sensitivity, simplicity, low cost and high feasibility. Based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) results, the average pore size of optimum prepared stir bar using solvent polymerization method was obtained ~9 nm. The thermal gravity (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed this polyacrylate film has high thermal stability.

Steve E Hrudey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Formation of N-Nitrosodiphenylamine and two new N-containing disinfection byproducts from chloramination of water containing diphenylamine.
    Environmental Science & Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Wen-jun Zhou, Jessica M Boyd, Feng Qin, Steve E Hrudey
    Abstract:

    N-Nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) is a disinfection byproduct (DBP) in drinking water. However, it is not known what governs the formation of NDPhA and which precursor(s) in the raw water is responsible for its formation. We report here diphenylamine (DPhA) as a key precursor of NDPhA, and we describe the effect of water pH and chloramination conditions on the formation of NDPhA. To identify precursors of NDPhA, raw water samples were collected from the same drinking water system in which NDPhA was previously detected. Analysis of the raw water samples showed the presence of 1.3 ng/L of DPhA and no detectable NDPhA. Seven hours after the treatment of the raw water with chloramines, the concentration of DPhA decreased to 0.4 ng/L with corresponding formation of NDPhA (0.4 ng/L). Controlled experiments involving chloramination of DPhA in water showed that chloramines were essential to the formation of NDPhA, and that increasing the pH from 4 to 10 resulted in 64-fold enhancement in NDPhA formation. Removal of ...

  • formation of n nitrosamines from eleven disinfection treatments of seven different surface waters
    Environmental Science & Technology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Yuanyuan Zhao, Matthew Woodbeck, Robert C Andrews, Steve E Hrudey, Jessica M Boyd, Xingfang Li
    Abstract:

    Formation of nine N-nitrosamines has been investigated when seven different source waters representing various qualities were each treated with eleven bench-scale disinfection processes, without addition of nitrosamine precursors. These disinfection treatments included chlorine (OCl−), chloramine (NH2Cl), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), ozone (O3), ultraviolet (UV), advanced oxidation processes (AOP), and combinations. The total organic carbon (TOC) of the seven source waters ranged from 2 to 24 mg·L−1. The disinfected water samples and the untreated source waters were analyzed for nine nitrosamines using a solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Prior to any treatment, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was detected ranging from 0 to 53 ng·L−1 in six of the seven source waters, and its concentrations increased in the disinfected water samples (0−118 ng·L−1). N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMor), and N-Nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) were also identified in s...

  • Analysis of N-nitrosamines Formed in Various Source Waters Treated with Eleven Disinfection Processes
    2008
    Co-Authors: Yuanyuan Zhao, Matthew Woodbeck, Robert C Andrews, Jessica M Boyd, Steve E Hrudey
    Abstract:

    N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was the first nitrosamine identified as a disinfection by-product (DBP); other nitrosamines such as N-nitrosomorpholine (NMor) and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPyr) have recently been detected in drinking water and identified as DBPs. However there is little information on the formation and occurrence of non-volatile and thermally unstable nitrosamines because they are not detected by commonly used gas chromatography methods. Here we describe the development of a new solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-MS/MS) method for analysis of both volatile and non-volatile nitrosamines at low ng.L -1 concentrations. This method has successfully detected a non-volatile nitrosamine DBP (N-Nitrosodiphenylamine) in a drinking water distribution system and was used to study nitrosamine formation when source waters of various qualities were disinfected by eleven different processes.

Hassan Y. Aboul-enein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Methyl Methacrylate–Ethyleneglycol Dimethacrylate–Acrylic Acid Surface as Stationary Phase for Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction
    Chromatographia, 2010
    Co-Authors: Zahra Talebpour, Mehregan Safari, Fatemeh Molaabaci, Ali Alizadeh, Hassan Y. Aboul-enein
    Abstract:

    A novel poly(methyl methacrylate–ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate–acrylic acid) film has been introduced for coating on stir bars to sorptive extraction (SBSE). The effects of different contents of porogen, monomer, cross-linker, modifier and initiator during the solvent or bulk polymerization step on the mechanical property and solvent resistant of prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated. The evaluation of results were caused to obtain the four prepared sorptive stir bars with good mechanical stability and excellent resistance to organic solvents. The extraction efficiency of these prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated by liquid desorption-liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (LD-LC-UV) using N -Nitrosodiphenylamine as target analyte. SBSE assays showed the sorptive stir bar that prepared using solution polymerization method had the better recovery for N -Nitrosodiphenylamine in water samples. This sorptive stir bar showed good linearity and acceptable recoveries, as well as advantages such as sensitivity, simplicity, low cost and high feasibility. Based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) results, the average pore size of optimum prepared stir bar using solvent polymerization method was obtained ~9 nm. The thermal gravity (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed this polyacrylate film has high thermal stability.

  • Erratum to: Methyl Methacrylate–Ethyleneglycol Dimethacrylate–Acrylic Acid Surface as Stationary Phase for Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction
    Chromatographia, 2010
    Co-Authors: Zahra Talebpour, Mehregan Safari, Fatemeh Molaabaci, Reza Alizadeh, Hassan Y. Aboul-enein
    Abstract:

    A novel poly(methyl methacrylate–ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate–acrylic acid) film has been introduced for coating on stir bars to sorptive extraction (SBSE). The effects of different contents of porogen, monomer, cross-linker, modifier and initiator during the solvent or bulk polymerization step on the mechanical property and solvent resistant of prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated. The evaluation of results were caused to obtain the four prepared sorptive stir bars with good mechanical stability and excellent resistance to organic solvents. The extraction efficiency of these prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated by liquid desorption-liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (LD-LC-UV) using N-Nitrosodiphenylamine as target analyte. SBSE assays showed the sorptive stir bar that prepared using solution polymerization method had the better recovery for N-Nitrosodiphenylamine in water samples. This sorptive stir bar showed good linearity and acceptable recoveries, as well as advantages such as sensitivity, simplicity, low cost and high feasibility. Based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) results, the average pore size of optimum prepared stir bar using solvent polymerization method was obtained ~9 nm. The thermal gravity (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed this polyacrylate film has high thermal stability.

James A Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of n nitrosamines in water by isotope dilution gas chromatography electron ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
    Talanta, 2012
    Co-Authors: James A Mcdonald, Nick B Harden, Long D Nghiem, Stuart J Khan
    Abstract:

    Abstract A method has been developed for the determination of eight N-nitrosamines in drinking water and treated municipal effluent. The method uses solid phase extraction (SPE), gas chromatography (GC) and analysis by tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) with electron ionization (EI). The target compounds are N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosomethyethylamine (NMEA), N-nitrosodiethylamine NDEA), N-nitrosodipropylamine (NDPA), N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine (NDBuA), N-Nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPyr), N-nitrosopiperidine (NPip), N-nitrosomorpholine (NMorph). The use of direct isotope analogues for isotope dilution analysis of all analytes ensures accurate quantification, accounting for analytical variabilities that may occur during sample processing, extraction and instrumental analysis. Method detection levels (MDLs) were determined to describe analyte concentrations sufficient to provide a signal with 99% certainty of detection. The established MDLs for all analytes were 0.4–4 ng L−1 in a variety of aqueous matrices. Sample matrices were observed to have only a minor impact on MDLs and the method validation confirmed satisfactory method stability over intra-day and inter-day analyses of tap water and tertiary treated effluent samples.