The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ronald Eccles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Paradoxical increase in Nasal airway resistance following a topical Nasal Decongestant spray.
Rhinology journal, 2011Co-Authors: Neela Doddi, Ronald EcclesAbstract:Nasal obstruction is a very common problem associated with common cold and topical Nasal Decongestant sprays are effective symptomatic treatments causing a decrease in Nasal airway resistance (NAR).
-
The Nasal Decongestant Effect of Xylometazoline in the Common Cold
American Journal of Rhinology, 2008Co-Authors: Ronald Eccles, Margareta Eriksson, Steve Garreffa, Shirley C. ChenAbstract:Background: Xylometazoline is a Nasal Decongestant spray that constricts Nasal blood vessels and increases Nasal airflow, enabling patients with a blocked nose to breathe more easily. The purpose of this study was to characterize objectively and subjectively the Decongestant and additional effects of xylometazoline in the common cold. Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study was performed. Patients with a common cold (n = 61) were treated with xylometazoline 0.1% (n = 29) or placebo (saline solution; n = 32; 1 spray three times a day for up to 10 days). The primary objective was to determine the Decongestant effect (Nasal conductance); the secondary objectives were to determine the peak subjective effect (visual analog scale), duration of relief of Nasal congestion, total and individual cold symptoms and general well-being (patients' daily diary), and adverse events (AEs). Results: The Decongestant effect of xylometazoline was significantly greater than placebo, as shown by the Nasal conductance at 1 hour (384.23 versus 226.42 cm3/s; p ≤ 0.0001) and peak subjective effect (VAS, 20.7 mm versus 31.5 mm; p = 0.0298). Nasal conductance was significantly superior for up to 10 hours (p = 0.0009) and there was a trend in favor of xylometazoline for up to 12 hours (not statistically significant). Xylometazoline significantly improved total and some individual common cold symptoms scores (p < 0.05), leading to significantly greater patient general evaluation and satisfaction with treatment (p < 0.05). Nineteen AEs were reported: 8 with xylometazoline (all mild-moderate) and 11 with placebo (1 severe). Conclusion: Xylometazoline is an effective and well-tolerated Decongestant Nasal spray that significantly relieved Nasal congestion compared with placebo in the common cold and provided long-lasting relief with just 1 spray, helping patients to breathe more easily for a longer period of time.
-
substitution of phenylephrine for pseudoephedrine as a Nasal decongeststant an illogical way to control methamphetamine abuse
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2007Co-Authors: Ronald EcclesAbstract:The aim of this review was to investigate the rationale for replacing the Nasal Decongestant pseudoephedrine (PDE) with phenylephrine (PE) as a means of controlling the illicit production of methamphetamine. A literature search was conducted in electronic databases and use of textbooks. Restrictions have been placed on the sale of PDE in the USA in an attempt to control the illicit production of methamphetamine. This has caused a switch from PDE to PE in many common cold and cough medicines. PE is a poor substitute for PDE as an orally administered Decongestant as it is extensively metabolized in the gut and its efficacy as a Decongestant is unproven. Both PDE and PE have a good safety record, but the efficacy of PDE as a Nasal Decongestant is supported by clinical trials. Studies in the USA indicate that restricting the sale of PDE to the public as a medicine has had little impact on the morbidity and number of arrests associated with methamphetamine abuse. Restricting the sale of PDE in order to control the illicit production of methamphetamine will deprive the public of a safe and effective Nasal Decongestant and force the pharmaceutical industry to replace PDE with PE, which may be an ineffective Decongestant. Restrictions on sales of PDE to the public may not reduce the problems associated with methamphetamine abuse.
-
Physiological versus Pharmacological Decongestion of the Nose in Healthy Human Subjects
Acta Oto-laryngologica, 1998Co-Authors: P. Flanagan, Ronald EcclesAbstract:In the present study we were interested to determine whether the maximum unilateral Nasal airflow associated with the Nasal cycle (Fmax physiol) was equivalent to the maximum unilateral Nasal airflow that could be achieved by the application of a topical Nasal Decongestant (Fmax pharmacol). Eight healthy subjects (three male and five female, aged between 19-28 years) were recruited for this study. Unilateral Nasal airflow was measured using posterior rhinomanometry at the inspiratory reference pressure of 75 Pa by alternately occluding each nostril with surgical tape. The study was run over 2 consecutive days. On day one, measurements of unilateral Nasal airflow were performed every hour for 8 h in each subject and Fmax physiol was found to be 265 cm3/sec (147) (median and interquartile range). On day 2 the median unilateral Nasal airflow before application of the Nasal Decongestant was 171 cm3/sec (140) and this increased to 251 cm3/sec (127) (p=0.046) at 15 min and to 278 cm3/sec (134) (p=0.005) at 45 m...
-
The Effects of Oxymetazoline on Lysozyme Secretion from the Human Nasal Mucosa
Acta Oto-laryngologica, 1997Co-Authors: Simon Browning, David Housley, Roy J. Richards, Ronald EcclesAbstract:Lysozyme is a protein secreted by Nasal submucosal glands. Its secretion is under cholinergic control. It is considered important in Nasal defence as it enzymatically hydrolyses peptidoglycan bonds in bacterial cell walls and has specific activity against Gram-positive bacteria in vitro. Oxymetazoline is freely available as a non-prescription Nasal Decongestant. Some recent work has shown that it has no effect on histamine-induced plasma exudation but little is known about its effects on glandular secretion. The current study is a randomized controlled study that investigates the effect of topical oxymetazoline on the total protein and lysozyme content of Nasal fluid. Thirty healthy volunteers were randomized to receive either a normal saline Nasal spray (placebo) or an active spray of oxymetazoline, 0.05% (w/v) in saline. NAR was assessed in all subjects using posterior rhinomanometry and Nasal lavage before the application of the spray and again 10 min later. The results were analysed using non-parametr...
Sean Patrick Nordt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
not just a drop in the bucket inversion of oxymetazoline Nasal Decongestant container increases potential for severe pediatric poisoning
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2016Co-Authors: Sean Patrick Nordt, Lisa E Vivero, Lee F CantrellAbstract:Oxymetazoline is an over-the-counter Nasal Decongestant with potent alpha agonist properties. In overdoses as small as 1-2 mL, toxicity can be seen including bradycardia and respiratory depression. We demonstrated that inverting the container increased the volume delivered 20- to 30-fold compared with holding it upright in an in vitro model.
-
Not Just a Drop in the Bucket—Inversion of Oxymetazoline Nasal Decongestant Container Increases Potential for Severe Pediatric Poisoning
The Journal of pediatrics, 2015Co-Authors: Sean Patrick Nordt, Lisa E Vivero, F. Lee CantrellAbstract:Oxymetazoline is an over-the-counter Nasal Decongestant with potent alpha agonist properties. In overdoses as small as 1-2 mL, toxicity can be seen including bradycardia and respiratory depression. We demonstrated that inverting the container increased the volume delivered 20- to 30-fold compared with holding it upright in an in vitro model.
Karen H. Calhoun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Extended use of topical Nasal Decongestants.
The Laryngoscope, 1997Co-Authors: John K. Yoo, Hadi Seikaly, Karen H. CalhounAbstract:Use of sympathomimetic topical Nasal Decongestants to treat Nasal obstruction is usually restricted to 3 to 5 days to avoid potential rebound swelling (rhinitis medicamentosa). In this study, 10 healthy volunteers used oxymetazoline (long-acting topical Nasal Decongestant) nightly for 4 weeks. Subjects who used antihistamines, oral or topical Decongestants, or systemic steroids or who had active sinusitis were excluded from the study. Weekly history, physical examination, and anterior rhinomanometry revealed no adverse effects. Eight (80%) subjects developed nightly Nasal obstruction a few hours before the evening dose; the obstruction resolved within 48 hours if no more Decongestant was used. All subjects remained responsive to oxymetazoline 4 weeks and 8 weeks after the study began. This finding suggests that long-acting Decongestants may be safely used for longer than the recommended 3 to 5 days without adverse effects if used once nightly.
F. Lee Cantrell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Not Just a Drop in the Bucket—Inversion of Oxymetazoline Nasal Decongestant Container Increases Potential for Severe Pediatric Poisoning
The Journal of pediatrics, 2015Co-Authors: Sean Patrick Nordt, Lisa E Vivero, F. Lee CantrellAbstract:Oxymetazoline is an over-the-counter Nasal Decongestant with potent alpha agonist properties. In overdoses as small as 1-2 mL, toxicity can be seen including bradycardia and respiratory depression. We demonstrated that inverting the container increased the volume delivered 20- to 30-fold compared with holding it upright in an in vitro model.
Lee F Cantrell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
not just a drop in the bucket inversion of oxymetazoline Nasal Decongestant container increases potential for severe pediatric poisoning
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2016Co-Authors: Sean Patrick Nordt, Lisa E Vivero, Lee F CantrellAbstract:Oxymetazoline is an over-the-counter Nasal Decongestant with potent alpha agonist properties. In overdoses as small as 1-2 mL, toxicity can be seen including bradycardia and respiratory depression. We demonstrated that inverting the container increased the volume delivered 20- to 30-fold compared with holding it upright in an in vitro model.
