The Experts below are selected from a list of 28851 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hilary P. Blumberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Functional Neuroimaging Research in bipolar disorder.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, 2010Co-Authors: Benjamin N. Blond, Hilary P. BlumbergAbstract:Functional Neuroimaging techniques have been important Research tools in the study of bipolar disorder (BPD). These methods provide measures of regional brain functioning that reflect the mental state at the time of scanning and have helped to elucidate both state and trait features of BPD. This chapter will review converging functional Neuroimaging evidence implicating state and trait dysfunction in a ventral prefrontal cortex–amygdala neural system in BPD. Emerging evidence that suggests a developmental progression in dysfunction in this neural system over the course of adolescence will be considered. Finally, new Research approaches that have begun to reveal the contribution of specific genetic mechanisms to regional dysfunction in the disorder, potential salutary effects of medications, and structure–function relationships will be discussed.
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A Ventral Prefrontal-Amygdala Neural System in Bipolar Disorder: A View from Neuroimaging Research.
Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2009Co-Authors: Fay Y Womer, Jessica H Kalmar, Fei Wang, Hilary P. BlumbergAbstract:In the past decade, Neuroimaging Research has identified key components in the neural system that underlies bipolar disorder (BD). The ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) and amygdala are highly interconnected structures that jointly play a central role in emotional regulation. Numerous Research groups have reported prominent structural and functional abnormalities within the VPFC and amygdala supporting their essential role in a neural system underlying the emotional dysregulation that is a core feature of BD. Findings in BD also include those in brain regions interconnected with the VPFC and amygdala, including the ventral striatum, hippocampus, and the cerebellum. Abnormalities in these regions may contribute to symptoms that reflect disruption in functions subserved by these structures, including motivational, mnemonic and psychomotor functions.This article will first review leads from behavioral neurology that implicated these neural system abnormalities in BD. It will then review findings from structural imaging and functional imaging studies to support the presence of abnormalities within these neural system components in BD. It will also review new findings from studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) that provide increasing evidence of abnormalities in the connections between these neural system components in BD. Emerging data supporting differences in this neural system during adolescence, as well as potential beneficial effects of treatment on structure and function will also be presented. Finally, the article will discuss the implications for future investigations, including those for early identification and treatment of BD.
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A ventral prefrontal‐amygdala neural system in bipolar disorder: a view from Neuroimaging Research
Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2009Co-Authors: Fay Y Womer, Jessica H Kalmar, Fei Wang, Hilary P. BlumbergAbstract:In the past decade, Neuroimaging Research has identified key components in the neural system that underlies bipolar disorder (BD). The ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) and amygdala are highly interconnected structures that jointly play a central role in emotional regulation. Numerous Research groups have reported prominent structural and functional abnormalities within the VPFC and amygdala supporting their essential role in a neural system underlying the emotional dysregulation that is a core feature of BD. Findings in BD also include those in brain regions interconnected with the VPFC and amygdala, including the ventral striatum, hippocampus and the cerebellum. Abnormalities in these regions may contribute to symptoms that reflect disruption in functions sub-served by these structures, including motivational, mnemonic and psychomotor functions. This article will first review leads from behavioural neurology that implicated these neural system abnormalities in BD. It will then review findings from structural and functional imaging studies to support the presence of abnormalities within these neural system components in BD. It will also review new findings from studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) that provide increasing evidence of abnormalities in the connections between these neural system components in BD. Emerging data supporting differences in this neural system during adolescence, as well as potential beneficial effects of treatment on structure and function will also be presented. Finally, the article will discuss the implications for future investigations, including those for early identification and treatment of BD.
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The next wave in Neuroimaging Research in pediatric bipolar disorder.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008Co-Authors: Hilary P. BlumbergAbstract:This is a pivotal time for the field of pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) Research. Convergent evidence from study of adults with BD demonstrates involvement of a frontotemporal neural system that subserves emotional regulation, with major roles for the mesial temporal amygdala and hippocampus and their projection sites in prefrontal cortex (PFC). Neuroimaging studies of children and adolescents with BD are emerging to elucidate the altered developmental trajectory of this neural system in BD. Neuroimagers are probing the specific regional abnormalities present in youths with BD and the developmental epochs during which they emerge. Studies of unaffected children at high risk of developing BD (owing to a parent with BD) provide the opportunity to identify neural system differences that may underlie vulnerability to BD, as well as those that may provide resilience to the disorder. Articles in this issue of the Journal by Bearden et al., 1 Singh et al., 2 and Ladouceur et al. 3 represent this important next wave in Neuroimaging Research in pediatric BD. These studies focus on regional brain morphology, but use different approaches to Neuroimaging data analysis that yield complementary views: assessment of the volume or shape of specific brain regions of interest as well as investigation of whole brain using voxel-based morphometry. They suggest that the peripubertal/early adolescence years may be critical periods in the development of frontotemporal abnormalities in BD. Thus, this may be a key time to intervene to prevent progression and improve prognosis for youths with vulnerability to the disorder.
Sherry H. Stewart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Editorial: Announcing the Winner of the Inaugural JGI Scholar’s Award for Research Excellence (Category B: Cognitive, Developmental, Biobehavioral, and Neuroimaging Research)
Journal of Gambling Issues, 2017Co-Authors: Sherry H. StewartAbstract:Editorial: Announcing the Winner of the Inaugural JGI Scholar’s Award for Research Excellence (Category B: Cognitive, Developmental, Biobehavioral, and Neuroimaging Research) Éditorial : Annonce du gagnant de la bourse inaugurale JGI pour l’excellence en recherche (Catégorie B pour la recherche cognitive, développementale, biocomportementale ou en neuroimagerie
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Editorial: Announcing the Winner of the Inaugural JGI Scholar’s Award for Research Excellence (Category B: Cognitive, Developmental, Biobehavioral, and Neuroimaging Research)
Journal of Gambling Issues, 2017Co-Authors: Sherry H. StewartAbstract:Editorial: Announcing the Winner of the Inaugural JGI Scholar’s Award for Research Excellence (Category B: Cognitive, Developmental, Biobehavioral, and Neuroimaging Research) Editorial : Annonce du gagnant de la bourse inaugurale JGI pour l’excellence en recherche (Categorie B pour la recherche cognitive, developpementale, biocomportementale ou en neuroimagerie
Lisa M Shin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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amygdala medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampal function in ptsd
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Lisa M Shin, Scott L Rauch, Roger K PitmanAbstract:The last decade of Neuroimaging Research has yielded important information concerning the structure, neurochemistry, and function of the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Neuroimaging Research reviewed in this article reveals heightened amygdala responsivity in PTSD during symptomatic states and during the processing of trauma-unrelated affective information. Importantly, amygdala responsivity is positively associated with symptom severity in PTSD. In contrast, medial prefrontal cortex appears to be volumetrically smaller and is hyporesponsive during symptomatic states and the performance of emotional cognitive tasks in PTSD. Medial prefrontal cortex responsivity is inversely associated with PTSD symptom severity. Lastly, the reviewed Research suggests diminished volumes, neuronal integrity, and functional integrity of the hippocampus in PTSD. Remaining Research questions and related future directions are presented.
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Neuroimaging Studies of Amygdala Function in Anxiety Disorders
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Scott L Rauch, Lisa M Shin, Christopher I. WrightAbstract:Abstract: Neuroimaging Research has helped to advance neurobiological models of anxiety disorders. The amygdala is known to play an important role in normal fear conditioning and is implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. The amygdala may also be a target for the beneficial effects of cognitive-behavioral and medication treatments for anxiety disorders. In the current paper, we review Neuroimaging Research pertaining to the role of the amygdala in anxiety disorders and their treatment. Moreover, we discuss the development of new Neuroimaging paradigms for measuring aspects of amygdala function, as well as the function of related brain regions. We conclude that such tools hold great promise for facilitating progress in relevant basic neuroscience as well as clinical Research domains.
Arthur W. Toga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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2266 – N4U: a web-based gateway to Neuroimaging Research
European Psychiatry, 2013Co-Authors: G. Spulber, A. Redolfi, Lars-olof Wahlund, Keith S. Cover, C. Finocchiaro, R. Mcclatchey, D. Maset, J.-f. Mangin, P. Giannakopoulos, Arthur W. TogaAbstract:The unprecedented growth, availability and accessibility of sophisticated image analysis algorithms and powerful computational resources led to the idea of developing web-based computational infrastructures that could meet users' new requirements. On the other hand the gap between the pace of data generation and the capability to extract clinically or scientifically relevant information is rapidly widening. Integration of the power of sophisticated mathematical models, efficient computational algorithms and advanced hardware infrastructure provides the necessary sensitivity to detect, extract and analyze subtle, dynamic and distributed patterns distinguishing one brain from another, and a diseased brain from a normal brain. neuGRID is the leading e-Infrastructure where neuroscientists can find core services and resources for brain image analysis. The neuGRID platform makes use of grid services and computing, and was developed with the final aim of overcoming the hurdles that the average scientist meets when trying to set up advanced experiments in computational Neuroimaging, thereby empowering a larger base of scientists. Although originally built for neuroscientists working in the field of AD, the infrastructure is designed to be expandable to services from other medical fields ( e.g. multiple sclerosis, psychiatric conditions). "neuGRID for Users" will provide an e-Science environment by further developing and deploying the neuGRID infrastructure to deliver a Virtual Laboratory offering neuroscientists access to a wide range of datasets and algorithm pipelines, access to computational resources, services, and support. Information from this abstract is intended to make aware Researchers working with Neuroimaging of all possibilities when it comes to resources.
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2266 n4u a web based gateway to Neuroimaging Research
European Psychiatry, 2013Co-Authors: G. Spulber, A. Redolfi, Lars-olof Wahlund, Keith S. Cover, C. Finocchiaro, R. Mcclatchey, D. Maset, J.-f. Mangin, P. Giannakopoulos, Arthur W. TogaAbstract:The unprecedented growth, availability and accessibility of sophisticated image analysis algorithms and powerful computational resources led to the idea of developing web-based computational infrastructures that could meet users' new requirements. On the other hand the gap between the pace of data generation and the capability to extract clinically or scientifically relevant information is rapidly widening. Integration of the power of sophisticated mathematical models, efficient computational algorithms and advanced hardware infrastructure provides the necessary sensitivity to detect, extract and analyze subtle, dynamic and distributed patterns distinguishing one brain from another, and a diseased brain from a normal brain. neuGRID is the leading e-Infrastructure where neuroscientists can find core services and resources for brain image analysis. The neuGRID platform makes use of grid services and computing, and was developed with the final aim of overcoming the hurdles that the average scientist meets when trying to set up advanced experiments in computational Neuroimaging, thereby empowering a larger base of scientists. Although originally built for neuroscientists working in the field of AD, the infrastructure is designed to be expandable to services from other medical fields ( e.g. multiple sclerosis, psychiatric conditions). "neuGRID for Users" will provide an e-Science environment by further developing and deploying the neuGRID infrastructure to deliver a Virtual Laboratory offering neuroscientists access to a wide range of datasets and algorithm pipelines, access to computational resources, services, and support. Information from this abstract is intended to make aware Researchers working with Neuroimaging of all possibilities when it comes to resources.
Scott L Rauch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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amygdala medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampal function in ptsd
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Lisa M Shin, Scott L Rauch, Roger K PitmanAbstract:The last decade of Neuroimaging Research has yielded important information concerning the structure, neurochemistry, and function of the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Neuroimaging Research reviewed in this article reveals heightened amygdala responsivity in PTSD during symptomatic states and during the processing of trauma-unrelated affective information. Importantly, amygdala responsivity is positively associated with symptom severity in PTSD. In contrast, medial prefrontal cortex appears to be volumetrically smaller and is hyporesponsive during symptomatic states and the performance of emotional cognitive tasks in PTSD. Medial prefrontal cortex responsivity is inversely associated with PTSD symptom severity. Lastly, the reviewed Research suggests diminished volumes, neuronal integrity, and functional integrity of the hippocampus in PTSD. Remaining Research questions and related future directions are presented.
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Neuroimaging Studies of Amygdala Function in Anxiety Disorders
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Scott L Rauch, Lisa M Shin, Christopher I. WrightAbstract:Abstract: Neuroimaging Research has helped to advance neurobiological models of anxiety disorders. The amygdala is known to play an important role in normal fear conditioning and is implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. The amygdala may also be a target for the beneficial effects of cognitive-behavioral and medication treatments for anxiety disorders. In the current paper, we review Neuroimaging Research pertaining to the role of the amygdala in anxiety disorders and their treatment. Moreover, we discuss the development of new Neuroimaging paradigms for measuring aspects of amygdala function, as well as the function of related brain regions. We conclude that such tools hold great promise for facilitating progress in relevant basic neuroscience as well as clinical Research domains.
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Neuroimaging Research and neurocircuitry models of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Proceedings of the Third IOCDC
CNS Spectrums, 1999Co-Authors: Scott L Rauch, Chawki Benkelfat, Stephen R. Dager, Benjamin D. Greenberg, Talma Hendler, Eric Hollander, Marc Laruelle, David R. Rosenberg, Sanjaya Saxena, Joseph ZoharAbstract:AbstractA summary of the Third International Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Conference proceedings on Neuroimaging Research and neurocircuitry models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is presented. This survey of recent and ongoing Research indicates that a wide range of modern techniques and experimental strategies are being employed in a complementary fashion to enhance our understanding of OCD. Imaging studies in animal models of OCD are helping to elaborate relevant normal anatomy and neuro-chemistry. Functional imaging methods are being employed in conjunction with behavioral, pharmacologic, and cognitive challenge paradigms. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well as radiotracer methods are being utilized to measure neurochemical and neuropharmacologic indices in OCD. Transcranial magnetic stimulation has emerged as a tool for probing neurocircuitry that may also have therapeutic potential. Experimental designs and data-analytic methods are evolving to help elucidate the pathophysiology of OCD and related disorders, delineate neurobiologically meaningful subtypes of OCD, and identify potential predictors of treatment response. Collectively, these efforts promise important advances as we approach the new millennium.
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Neuroimaging and Neurobiological Models of Depression
Harvard review of psychiatry, 1997Co-Authors: Darin D. Dougherty, Scott L RauchAbstract:We review the data from structural Neuroimaging studies (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) related to depressive disorders. In addition, we review the relevant functional Neuroimaging Research, including studies of normal emotional processing, studies of the functional neuroanatomy of major depression, and neurochemical Neuroimaging studies of depression. Finally, we discuss existing neurobiological models of depression and offer modifications based upon the body of Neuroimaging Research we have presented.
