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Drion G. Boucias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Genotypic analysis of Nomuraea rileyi collected from various noctuid hosts.
    Journal of invertebrate pathology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sirima Suwannakut, Drion G. Boucias, Chanpen Wiwat
    Abstract:

    Abstract The genetic diversity of 79 Nomuraea rileyi isolates from various lepidopteran hosts in Asia, North America, and South America was evaluated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Cluster analysis separated the N. rileyi isolates into two major groups and seven subgroups. The resulting dendrogram generally classified the N. rileyi isolates based on insect host and geographical region. The haplotypic diversity index of N. rileyi subpopulations from each location and host origin was ranging from 0.8788 to 1.000. However, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) demonstrated no significant differences (p = 0.3421) among N. rileyi isolates from different continents. Whereas the genetic variation among the N. rileyi populations from the different host insects within each continent was significantly different (p

  • Chitinase gene of the dimorphic mycopathogen, Nomuraea rileyi.
    Journal of invertebrate pathology, 2004
    Co-Authors: R. Wattanalai, Drion G. Boucias, Aurelien Tartar, Chanpen Wiwat
    Abstract:

    A chitinase-encoding gene from Nomuraea rileyi detected with 30 and 50 RACE consisted of an open-reading frame (NrCHI) of 1271 nucleotides. NrCHI contains a 19 aa putative signal sequence with a cleavage site at positions 19 and 20 (AL/GLA). Analysis of NrCHI reveals that the 405 aa mature chitinase (w/o signal sequence) had a molecular mass of 43,941Da and a calculated pI of 5.26. Amplification of the genomic DNA with primers designed from the flanking regions of the ORF produced a 1710 bp band. In addition, the genomic material contained three introns; 111, 67, and 60 bp introns. The deduced amino acid sequence of the mature enzyme exhibited two highly conserved regions of the catalytic domain belonging to the family 18 of glycosyl hydrolases. The UPGMA dendrogram showed that the cloned Nomuraea chitinase belongs to the class V fungal chitinase. 2003 Published by Elsevier Inc.

  • AFLP analysis of the entomopathogen Nomuraea rileyi
    Mycologia, 2000
    Co-Authors: Drion G. Boucias, Clare Stokes, Alonso Suazo, Joe Funderburk
    Abstract:

    The dimorphic, asexual entomopathogen Nomuraea rileyi is a well known mortality agent of noctuid insects in subtropical and temperate agricultural systems. Genomic DNA was extracted from N. rileyi isolates collected from Anticarsia gemmatalis velvetbean caterpillar in Florida, Brazil, and Argentina as well as from non-Anticarsia hosts and subjected to a modified single-step AFLP analysis. Compared to RAPDs, the employed AFLP method provided a reliable and sensitive method for detecting genomic differences among N. rileyi populations. All ten AFLP primers produced polymorphic bands when used to amplify the different Nomuraea DNA samples. Approximately 65% (141 bands) of the total scorable bands (216) detected with ethidium bromide were polymorphic and ranged 400-3000 bp. A total of 43 haplotypes were found among the 73 N. rileyi isolates. Analysis of the AFLP data revealed extensive polymorphism among different N. rileyi isolates derived from both homologous and heterologous noctuid host species. For example, the dominant haplotype isolated from the Florida A. gemmatalis population was detected in diseased Pseudoplusia includens soybean looper and Plathypena scabra green cloverworm. Cluster analysis demonstrated that the AFLP polymorphisms observed among the N. rileyi isolates were associated with geographical location and/or with local insect population (s). Examination of this entomopathogen from a single field over a multiseasonal time frame demonstrated that the N. rileyi population is stable and can probably overwinter and initiate the disease cycle the following year.

  • Genotypic Properties of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Nomuraea rileyi
    Biological Control, 2000
    Co-Authors: Drion G. Boucias, Myrian S. Tigano, Daniel R. Sosa-gómez, Travis R. Glare, Peter W. Inglis
    Abstract:

    The dimorphic entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi, an important biological control agent of various noctuid defoliators, is known to regulate Anticarsia gemmatalis, the key soybean pest in South America and the southeastern United States. At present, very little is known about the isolates that are associated with the endemic or epizootic phases of this disease agent. The development of molecular markers capable of delineating N. rileyi pathotypes is essential for such an analysis. In this study, various molecular techniques, including internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), and telomeric fingerprinting methods, were employed to identify genotypes. Analysis of the ITS-5.8s and 28s regions of N. rileyi isolates suggested that this species was more closely related to Metarhizium anisopliae and M. flavoviride than to Nomuraea atypicola and N. anemonoides. These findings and comparisons with other studies suggest that the systematics of the genus Nomuraea needs reexamination. Analysis of the telomeric fingerprinting, RAPD, and AFLP data produced very similar associations among different Nomuraea. In all cases, the non-rileyi isolates (N. anemonoides and N. atypicola) appeared unrelated to the N. rileyi. The N. rileyi isolates, mainly isolated from A. gemmatalis, were grouped into two clusters: one contained the Florida isolates and the other consisted of a diffuse group of South American isolates. Calculated genetic distances among the different N. rileyi isolates corresponded to geographical isolation.

  • In vitro growth of the entomopathogenic hyphomycete Nomuraea rileyi
    Mycologia, 1997
    Co-Authors: Jacquelyn C. Pendland, Drion G. Boucias
    Abstract:

    The entomopathogen Nomuraea rileyi is a dimorphic hyphomycete having invasive hyphal stages and a yeastlike vegetative stage. Each pheno- type has unique characteristics that contribute to pathogenicity of the fungus towards insects. Growth both in vivo and in vitro is highly synchronous. In vitro, conidial germ tubes produce hyphal bodies (yeastlike cells) in complex mycological medium and, if transferred to a less complex medium (Vo- gel's), the hyphal bodies synchronously convert to mycelia. This transition can be reversed by transfer- ring the mycelia back to the original medium. The hyphal body phase can be by-passed by placing germ tubes directly into Vogel's. The ability to regulate fun- gal development provides a means of comparing characteristics (e.g., cell surface epitopes, enzyme production) which differ according to phenotype, and to identify genes associated with phase transi- tions.

N. Muthukrishnan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Influence of various health drinks media on growth and sporulation of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates.
    journal of biopesticides, 2010
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    Evaluation of the growth and sporulation Nomuraea rileyi isolates on different health drinks sources media showed potato maltova agar was significantly superior to other media and supported the maximum biomass, mycelial growth and conidial count. In case of PDBC isolate, among the six different health drinks sources tested, the maximum radial growth, biomass and spore production were observed in potato maltova agar medium both in solid as well as in the liquid medium. Similar trend of growth and development was observed with DOR and local isolates of N. rileyi.

  • Pathogenicity of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)
    Journal of Biological Control, 2009
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT: Investigations were carried out to assess the pathogenicity of some isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi, against different instars of Spodoptera litura (F.) under in vitro conditions. Bioassays on S. litura with N. rileyi isolates revealed that PDBC isolate was most virulent against S. litura and also had lower LC 50 and LT 50 values than DOR and local isolates of N. rileyi, indicating that it was more effective than DOR and local isolates against S. litura . KEY WORDS : Nomuraea rileyi, pathogenicity, Spodoptera litura. INTRODUCTION Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.), is one of the most destructive pests of various crops and is more or less of universal occurrence except in regions where extremes of climate prevail. It has been reported to feed on 112 cultivated food plants all over the world (Mousa et al ., 1980), of which 40 are grown in India (Basu, 1981; Muthukrishnan et al., 2005) including tobacco, tomato, cotton, chillies, okra, cauliflower, castor, groundnut, soybean, maize and black gram. Control of

  • Pathogenicity of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Fabricius)
    Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2009
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    Bioassay conducted against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis with Nomuraea rileyi isolates revealed that N. rileyi PDBC isolate was more virulent by 73.40% against C. medinalis than DOR and local isolates of N. rileyi. Both LC50 and LT50 values were found to be less for N. rileyi PDBC isolate when compared to DOR and local isolates, indicating that N. rileyi PDBC isolate was highly effective than DOR and local isolates against C. medinalis.

  • Relative growth and sporulation of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates on media with various carbon sources.
    Journal of Biological Control, 2008
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    Evaluation of Nomuraea rileyi isolates collected from Project Directorate of Biological Control (PDBC) Bangalore, Directorate of Oilseeds Research (DOR) Hyderabad and a local isolate on media with different carbon sources showed that potato maltose agar was significantly superior over all other media for maximum biomass, mycelial growth and conidial production. Among the three isolates studied maximum radial growth, biomass and spore production were observed in PDBC isolates both in solid as well as liquid media.

  • Short Communication Relative Growth and Development of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson Isolates on Various Semi Synthetic Media
    2008
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan, C. Muthukumar
    Abstract:

    Evaluation of Nomuraea rileyi isolates on different semi synthetic media showed Sabouraud's maltose agar with yeast (SMA + Y) was significantly superior to other media and supported the maximum biomass and spore production. Sabouraud's dextrose agar with yeast (SDA+Y) was efficient for maximum radial growth. In case of our local isolate at Directorate of Oilseed Reseasrch (DOR), maximum spore production was achieved in SMA+Y both in solid and liquid medium and was very efficient in comparison to other isolates evaluated.

D. M. Firake - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Compatibility of insecticides with entomopathogenic Nomuraea rileyi against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.)
    Indian Journal of Entomology, 2017
    Co-Authors: C. S. Chaudhari, D. S. Pokharkar, B. L. Chaudhari, D. M. Firake
    Abstract:

    Compatibility of widely used newer insecticides was studied with entomopathogenic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson under laboratory conditions. Significant variation was observed in its growth and pathogenicity in the presence of pesticides. Its pathogenicity against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.) was affected. Lufenuron 5EC was found to be highly detrimental to its growth (100%), followed by emamectin benzoate (77.76%), indoxacarb (75.58%), novaluron (75%), and spinosad (62.43%). In contrast, e-cyhalothrin 5EC was found less toxic at recommended dose. Interestingly, combination of e-cyhalothrin at half of the recommended dose and N. rileyi showed synergism in toxicity against S. litura.

  • pathogenicity of different isolates of entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi farlow samson against tobacco caterpillar spodoptera litura fabricius
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B: Biological Sciences, 2016
    Co-Authors: C. S. Chaudhari, D. S. Pokharkar, A G Chandele, M D Dethe, D. M. Firake
    Abstract:

    Fourteen geographical isolates of entomopathogenic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson were tested for their germination potential. They were also screened for concentration and time mortality response against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura. Four samples were found superior in germination. The maximum spore germination was observed in isolate Nr-Kc collected from cadaver of S. litura (84.16 %) followed by isolate Nr-Mc (82.60 %), Nr-Rc (82.48 %) and Nr-Hc (82.06 %). Lowest LC50 value was recorded by the isolate Nr-Kc against second and third instar larvae of S. litura (1.26 × 105 and 1.60 × 106, respectively). Similarly, the isolate Nr-Kc also recorded lowest LT50 value in respect of second instar (143.89 h) and third instar (178.43 h) larvae of S. litura.

  • Mass production of Nomuraea rileyi and influence of food grains on its pathogenicity
    Indian Journal of Entomology, 2016
    Co-Authors: C. S. Chaudhari, B. L. Chaudhari, D. M. Firake, R. L. Naik, D. S. Pokharkar
    Abstract:

    Seven natural substrates (crushed grains) viz. rice, sorghum, bajra, wheat, maize, ragi and pigeonpea, were evaluated for their suitability to mass production of Nomuraea rileyi. Sorghum was found to be the most suitable having high potential when fortified with 1% yeast extract. It produced the maximum of 13.66 x 108 conidia/g amongst all substrates and also reported the lowest of 2.06 x 105 conidia/ml LC50 against Spodoptera litura (F.). Rice was found to be the next best substrate with production of 13.21 x 108 conidia/g and LC50 of 3.49 x 105 conidia/ml.

T. Sonai Rajan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Influence of various health drinks media on growth and sporulation of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates.
    journal of biopesticides, 2010
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    Evaluation of the growth and sporulation Nomuraea rileyi isolates on different health drinks sources media showed potato maltova agar was significantly superior to other media and supported the maximum biomass, mycelial growth and conidial count. In case of PDBC isolate, among the six different health drinks sources tested, the maximum radial growth, biomass and spore production were observed in potato maltova agar medium both in solid as well as in the liquid medium. Similar trend of growth and development was observed with DOR and local isolates of N. rileyi.

  • Pathogenicity of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)
    Journal of Biological Control, 2009
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT: Investigations were carried out to assess the pathogenicity of some isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi, against different instars of Spodoptera litura (F.) under in vitro conditions. Bioassays on S. litura with N. rileyi isolates revealed that PDBC isolate was most virulent against S. litura and also had lower LC 50 and LT 50 values than DOR and local isolates of N. rileyi, indicating that it was more effective than DOR and local isolates against S. litura . KEY WORDS : Nomuraea rileyi, pathogenicity, Spodoptera litura. INTRODUCTION Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.), is one of the most destructive pests of various crops and is more or less of universal occurrence except in regions where extremes of climate prevail. It has been reported to feed on 112 cultivated food plants all over the world (Mousa et al ., 1980), of which 40 are grown in India (Basu, 1981; Muthukrishnan et al., 2005) including tobacco, tomato, cotton, chillies, okra, cauliflower, castor, groundnut, soybean, maize and black gram. Control of

  • Pathogenicity of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Fabricius)
    Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2009
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    Bioassay conducted against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis with Nomuraea rileyi isolates revealed that N. rileyi PDBC isolate was more virulent by 73.40% against C. medinalis than DOR and local isolates of N. rileyi. Both LC50 and LT50 values were found to be less for N. rileyi PDBC isolate when compared to DOR and local isolates, indicating that N. rileyi PDBC isolate was highly effective than DOR and local isolates against C. medinalis.

  • Relative growth and sporulation of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson isolates on media with various carbon sources.
    Journal of Biological Control, 2008
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan
    Abstract:

    Evaluation of Nomuraea rileyi isolates collected from Project Directorate of Biological Control (PDBC) Bangalore, Directorate of Oilseeds Research (DOR) Hyderabad and a local isolate on media with different carbon sources showed that potato maltose agar was significantly superior over all other media for maximum biomass, mycelial growth and conidial production. Among the three isolates studied maximum radial growth, biomass and spore production were observed in PDBC isolates both in solid as well as liquid media.

  • Short Communication Relative Growth and Development of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson Isolates on Various Semi Synthetic Media
    2008
    Co-Authors: T. Sonai Rajan, N. Muthukrishnan, C. Muthukumar
    Abstract:

    Evaluation of Nomuraea rileyi isolates on different semi synthetic media showed Sabouraud's maltose agar with yeast (SMA + Y) was significantly superior to other media and supported the maximum biomass and spore production. Sabouraud's dextrose agar with yeast (SDA+Y) was efficient for maximum radial growth. In case of our local isolate at Directorate of Oilseed Reseasrch (DOR), maximum spore production was achieved in SMA+Y both in solid and liquid medium and was very efficient in comparison to other isolates evaluated.

C. S. Chaudhari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Compatibility of insecticides with entomopathogenic Nomuraea rileyi against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.)
    Indian Journal of Entomology, 2017
    Co-Authors: C. S. Chaudhari, D. S. Pokharkar, B. L. Chaudhari, D. M. Firake
    Abstract:

    Compatibility of widely used newer insecticides was studied with entomopathogenic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson under laboratory conditions. Significant variation was observed in its growth and pathogenicity in the presence of pesticides. Its pathogenicity against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.) was affected. Lufenuron 5EC was found to be highly detrimental to its growth (100%), followed by emamectin benzoate (77.76%), indoxacarb (75.58%), novaluron (75%), and spinosad (62.43%). In contrast, e-cyhalothrin 5EC was found less toxic at recommended dose. Interestingly, combination of e-cyhalothrin at half of the recommended dose and N. rileyi showed synergism in toxicity against S. litura.

  • pathogenicity of different isolates of entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi farlow samson against tobacco caterpillar spodoptera litura fabricius
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B: Biological Sciences, 2016
    Co-Authors: C. S. Chaudhari, D. S. Pokharkar, A G Chandele, M D Dethe, D. M. Firake
    Abstract:

    Fourteen geographical isolates of entomopathogenic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson were tested for their germination potential. They were also screened for concentration and time mortality response against tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura. Four samples were found superior in germination. The maximum spore germination was observed in isolate Nr-Kc collected from cadaver of S. litura (84.16 %) followed by isolate Nr-Mc (82.60 %), Nr-Rc (82.48 %) and Nr-Hc (82.06 %). Lowest LC50 value was recorded by the isolate Nr-Kc against second and third instar larvae of S. litura (1.26 × 105 and 1.60 × 106, respectively). Similarly, the isolate Nr-Kc also recorded lowest LT50 value in respect of second instar (143.89 h) and third instar (178.43 h) larvae of S. litura.

  • Mass production of Nomuraea rileyi and influence of food grains on its pathogenicity
    Indian Journal of Entomology, 2016
    Co-Authors: C. S. Chaudhari, B. L. Chaudhari, D. M. Firake, R. L. Naik, D. S. Pokharkar
    Abstract:

    Seven natural substrates (crushed grains) viz. rice, sorghum, bajra, wheat, maize, ragi and pigeonpea, were evaluated for their suitability to mass production of Nomuraea rileyi. Sorghum was found to be the most suitable having high potential when fortified with 1% yeast extract. It produced the maximum of 13.66 x 108 conidia/g amongst all substrates and also reported the lowest of 2.06 x 105 conidia/ml LC50 against Spodoptera litura (F.). Rice was found to be the next best substrate with production of 13.21 x 108 conidia/g and LC50 of 3.49 x 105 conidia/ml.