The Experts below are selected from a list of 67074 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
James F Sallis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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strength of Obesity Prevention interventions in early care and education settings a systematic review
Preventive Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Dianne S Ward, Emily Welker, Ashley Choate, Kathryn E Henderson, Megan M Lott, Alison Tovar, Amanda Wilson, James F SallisAbstract:Abstract Time and place of study: 2010–2015; international Given the high levels of Obesity in young children, numbers of children in out-of-home care, and data suggesting a link between early care and education (ECE) participation and overweight/Obesity, Obesity Prevention in ECE settings is critical. As the field has progressed, a number of interventions have been reviewed yet there is a need to summarize the data using more sophisticated analyses to answer questions on the effectiveness of interventions. We conducted a systematic review of Obesity Prevention interventions in center-based ECE settings published between 2010 and 2015. Our goal was to identify promising intervention characteristics associated with successful behavioral and anthropometric outcomes. A rigorous search strategy resulted in 43 interventions that met inclusion criteria. We developed a coding strategy to assess intervention strength, used a validated study quality assessment tool, and presented detailed descriptive information about interventions (e.g., target behaviors, intervention strategies, and mode of delivery). Intervention strength was positively correlated with reporting of positive anthropometric outcomes for physical activity, diet, and combined interventions, and parent engagement components increased the strength of these relationships. Study quality was modestly related to percent successful healthy eating outcomes. Relationships between intervention strength and behavioral outcomes demonstrated negative relationships for all behavioral outcomes. Specific components of intervention strength (number of intervention strategies, potential impact of strategies, frequency of use, and duration of intervention) were correlated with some of the anthropometric and parent engagement outcomes. The review provided tentative evidence that multi-component, multi-level ECE interventions with parental engagement are most likely to be effective with anthropometric outcomes.
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development of measures to evaluate youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2016Co-Authors: Rachel A Millstein, Susan I Woodruff, Leslie S Linton, Christine C Edwards, James F SallisAbstract:Background Youth advocacy has been successfully used in substance use Prevention but is a novel strategy in Obesity Prevention. As a precondition for building an evidence base for youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate measures of youth advocacy mediator, process, and outcome variables.
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youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention the next wave of social change for health
Translational behavioral medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Rachel A Millstein, James F SallisAbstract:Recommended Obesity Prevention interventions target multiple levels. Effective advocacy is needed to influence factors at individual, social, environmental, and policy levels. This paper describes the rationale for engaging youth in Obesity Prevention advocacy efforts targeting environment and policy changes to improve nutrition and physical activity. Advocacy involves education, skill development, and behavior and attitude changes, with the goal of persuading others or taking action. Youth advocacy has been successfully used in substance use Prevention, but it is relatively new in Obesity Prevention. A model is presented to guide intervention and evaluation in youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention. With youth advocacy as a central construct, the model outlines inputs and outcomes of advocacy at individual, social environment, built environment, and policy levels. The model can be used and refined in youth advocacy evaluation projects. By involving youth in their communities, advocacy can produce ownership, engagement, and future involvement yielding sustainable changes.
Charlotte A Pratt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recruitment strategies for predominantly low income multi racial ethnic children and parents to 3 year community based intervention trials childhood Obesity Prevention and treatment research coptr consortium
Trials, 2019Co-Authors: Kimberly P Truesdale, Charlotte A Pratt, Simone A French, Thomas N Robinson, Victoria L Pemberton, Juan Escarfuller, Terri L Casey, Anne Marie Hotop, Donna M Matheson, Lynn J LotasAbstract:Background The recruitment of participants into community-based randomized controlled trials studying childhood Obesity is often challenging, especially from low-income racial/ethnical minorities and when long-term participant commitments are required. This paper describes strategies used to recruit and enroll predominately low-income racial/ethnic minority parents and children into the Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Research (COPTR) consortium.
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childhood Obesity Prevention and treatment research coptr interventions addressing multiple influences in childhood and adolescent Obesity
Contemporary Clinical Trials, 2013Co-Authors: Charlotte A Pratt, David M Murray, Victoria L Pemberton, Josephine E A Boyington, Layla Esposito, Denise E Bonds, Melinda Kelley, Song Yang, June StevensAbstract:This paper is the first of five papers in this issue that describes a new research consortium funded by the National Institutes of Health. It describes the design characteristics of the Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Research (COPTR) trials and common measurements across the trials. The COPTR Consortium is conducting interventions to prevent Obesity in pre-schoolers and treat overweight or obese 7-13 year olds. Four randomized controlled trials will enroll a total of 1700 children and adolescents (~50% female, 70% minorities), and will test innovative multi-level and multi-component interventions in multiple settings involving primary care physicians, parks and recreational centers, family advocates, and schools. For all the studies, the primary outcome measure is body mass index; secondary outcomes, moderators and mediators of intervention include diet, physical activity, home and neighborhood influences, and psychosocial factors. COPTR is being conducted collaboratively among four participating field centers, a coordinating center, and NIH project offices. Outcomes from COPTR have the potential to enhance our knowledge of interventions to prevent and treat childhood Obesity.
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design characteristics of worksite environmental interventions for Obesity Prevention
Obesity, 2007Co-Authors: Charlotte A Pratt, Ron Z Goetzel, Stephenie C Lemon, Isabel Diana Fernandez, Shirley A A Beresford, Simone A French, Victor J Stevens, Thomas M Vogt, Larry S WebberAbstract:Objective: This paper describes the design characteristics of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)-funded studies that are testing innovative environmental interventions for weight control and Obesity Prevention at worksites. Research Methods and Procedures: Seven separate studies that have a total of 114 worksites (∼48,000 employees) across studies are being conducted. The worksite settings include hotels, hospitals, manufacturing facilities, businesses, schools, and bus garages located across the U.S. Each study uses its own conceptual model drawn from the literature and includes the socio-ecological model for health promotion, the epidemiological triad, and those integrating organizational and social contexts. The interventions, which are offered to all employees, include environmental- and individual-level approaches to improve physical activity and promote healthful eating practices. Environmental strategies include reducing portion sizes, modifying cafeteria recipes to lower their fat contents, and increasing the accessibility of fitness equipment at the workplace. Across all seven studies about 48% (N = 23,000) of the population is randomly selected for measurements. The primary outcome measure is change in BMI or body weight after two years of intervention. Secondary measures include waist circumference, objective, and self-report measures of physical activity, dietary intake, changes in vending machines and cafeteria food offerings, work productivity, healthcare use, and return on investment. Discussion: The results of these studies could have important implications for the design and implementation of worksite overweight and Obesity control programs.
Rachel A Millstein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of measures to evaluate youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2016Co-Authors: Rachel A Millstein, Susan I Woodruff, Leslie S Linton, Christine C Edwards, James F SallisAbstract:Background Youth advocacy has been successfully used in substance use Prevention but is a novel strategy in Obesity Prevention. As a precondition for building an evidence base for youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate measures of youth advocacy mediator, process, and outcome variables.
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youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention the next wave of social change for health
Translational behavioral medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Rachel A Millstein, James F SallisAbstract:Recommended Obesity Prevention interventions target multiple levels. Effective advocacy is needed to influence factors at individual, social, environmental, and policy levels. This paper describes the rationale for engaging youth in Obesity Prevention advocacy efforts targeting environment and policy changes to improve nutrition and physical activity. Advocacy involves education, skill development, and behavior and attitude changes, with the goal of persuading others or taking action. Youth advocacy has been successfully used in substance use Prevention, but it is relatively new in Obesity Prevention. A model is presented to guide intervention and evaluation in youth advocacy for Obesity Prevention. With youth advocacy as a central construct, the model outlines inputs and outcomes of advocacy at individual, social environment, built environment, and policy levels. The model can be used and refined in youth advocacy evaluation projects. By involving youth in their communities, advocacy can produce ownership, engagement, and future involvement yielding sustainable changes.
Youfa Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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systems simulation model for assessing the sustainability and synergistic impacts of sugar sweetened beverages tax and revenue recycling on childhood Obesity Prevention
Journal of the Operational Research Society, 2016Co-Authors: Shiyong Liu, Nathaniel D Osgood, Qi Gao, Hong Xue, Youfa WangAbstract:Recent years have witnessed prominent calls to tax sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) to prevent Obesity in the United States. Despite efforts to evaluate this proposed policy, limited data and no framework exist for evaluating long-term, dynamic, cumulative health impacts of taxing SSBs while recycling revenue to support related interventions. Systems simulation models offer an important new lens for evaluating policy interventions, but such models have traditionally under-conceptualized key implementation science concerns, such as sustainability, revenue recycling, and bringing interventions to scale. Using a system dynamics model representing implementation dynamics, this study contributes a simulation model to inform policymakers’ understanding of how allocating revenue collected by SSB taxation across sustainable implementation strategies might maximize benefits of such taxation for childhood Obesity Prevention.
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what childhood Obesity Prevention programmes work a systematic review and meta analysis
Obesity Reviews, 2015Co-Authors: Youfa Wang, Sara N Bleich, Yang Wu, Renee F Wilson, Christine Weston, Oluwakemi A Fawole, Lawrence J Cheskin, Nakiya Showell, Dorothy T Chiu, Allen ZhangAbstract:Previous reviews of childhood Obesity Prevention have focused largely on schools and findings have been inconsistent. Funded by the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health, we systematically evaluated the effectiveness of childhood Obesity Prevention programmes conducted in high-income countries and implemented in various settings. We searched MEDLINE®, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL®, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Library from inception through 22 April 2013 for relevant studies, including randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies and natural experiments, targeting diet, physical activity or both, and conducted in children aged 2–18 in high-income countries. Two reviewers independently abstracted the data. The strength of evidence (SOE) supporting interventions was graded for each study setting (e.g. home, school). Meta-analyses were performed on studies judged sufficiently similar and appropriate to pool using random effect models. This paper reported our findings on various adiposity-related outcomes. We identified 147 articles (139 intervention studies) of which 115 studies were primarily school based, although other settings could have been involved. Most were conducted in the United States and within the past decade. SOE was high for physical activity-only interventions delivered in schools with home involvement or combined diet–physical activity interventions delivered in schools with both home and community components. SOE was moderate for school-based interventions targeting either diet or physical activity, combined interventions delivered in schools with home or community components or combined interventions delivered in the community with a school component. SOE was low for combined interventions in childcare or home settings. Evidence was insufficient for other interventions. In conclusion, at least moderately strong evidence supports the effectiveness of school-based interventions for preventing childhood Obesity. More research is needed to evaluate programmes in other settings or of other design types, especially environmental, policy and consumer health informatics-oriented interventions.
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systematic review of community based childhood Obesity Prevention studies
Pediatrics, 2013Co-Authors: Sara N Bleich, Jodi B Segal, Yang Wu, Renee F Wilson, Youfa WangAbstract:OBJECTIVE: This study systematically reviewed community-based childhood Obesity Prevention programs in the United States and high-income countries. METHODS: We searched Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, CINAHL, clinicaltrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library for relevant English-language studies. Studies were eligible if the intervention was primarily implemented in the community setting; had at least 1 year of follow-up after baseline; and compared results from an intervention to a comparison group. Two independent reviewers conducted title scans and abstract reviews and reviewed the full articles to assess eligibility. Each article received a double review for data abstraction. The second reviewer confirmed the first reviewer’s data abstraction for completeness and accuracy. RESULTS: Nine community-based studies were included; 5 randomized controlled trials and 4 non–randomized controlled trials. One study was conducted only in the community setting, 3 were conducted in the community and school setting, and 5 were conducted in the community setting in combination with at least 1 other setting such as the home. Desirable changes in BMI or BMI z-score were found in 4 of the 9 studies. Two studies reported significant improvements in behavioral outcomes (1 in physical activity and 1 in vegetable intake). CONCLUSIONS: The strength of evidence is moderate that a combined diet and physical activity intervention conducted in the community with a school component is more effective at preventing Obesity or overweight. More research and consistent methods are needed to understand the comparative effectiveness of childhood Obesity Prevention programs in the community setting.
Sarah E Messiah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of a child care center based Obesity Prevention program on body mass index and nutrition practices among preschool aged children
Health Promotion Practice, 2014Co-Authors: Ruby Natale, Susan B Uhlhorn, Gabriela Lopezmitnik, Lila Asfour, Sarah E MessiahAbstract:This study examined the effect of an early childhood Obesity Prevention program on changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score and nutrition practices. Eight child care centers were randomly assigned to an intervention or attention control arm. Participants were a multiethnic sample of children aged 2 to 5 years old (N = 307). Intervention centers received healthy menu changes and family-based education focused on increased physical activity and fresh produce intake, decreased intake of simple carbohydrate snacks, and decreased screen time. Control centers received an attention control program. Height, weight, and nutrition data were collected at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Analysis examined height, weight, and BMI z-score change by intervention condition (at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months). Pearson correlation analysis examined relationships among BMI z-scores and home activities and nutrition patterns in the intervention group. Child BMI z-score was significantly negatively correlated with the number of home activities completed at 6-month post intervention among intervention participants. Similarly, intervention children consumed less junk food, ate more fresh fruits and vegetables, drank less juice, and drank more 1% milk compared to children at control sites at 6 months post baseline. Ninety-seven percent of those children who were normal weight at baseline were still normal weight 12 months later. Findings support child care centers as a promising setting to implement childhood Obesity Prevention programs in this age group.
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design and methods for evaluating an early childhood Obesity Prevention program in the childcare center setting
BMC Public Health, 2013Co-Authors: Ruby Natale, Stephanie Scott, Sarah E Messiah, Maria Mesa Schrack, Susan B Uhlhorn, Alan M DelamaterAbstract:Many unhealthy dietary and physical activity habits that foster the development of Obesity are established by the age of five. Presently, approximately 70 percent of children in the United States are currently enrolled in early childcare facilities, making this an ideal setting to implement and evaluate childhood Obesity Prevention efforts. We describe here the methods for conducting an Obesity Prevention randomized trial in the child care setting. A randomized, controlled Obesity Prevention trial is currently being conducted over a three year period (2010-present). The sample consists of 28 low-income, ethnically diverse child care centers with 1105 children (sample is 60% Hispanic, 15% Haitian, 12% Black, 2% non-Hispanic White and 71% of caregivers were born outside of the US). The purpose is to test the efficacy of a parent and teacher role-modeling intervention on children’s nutrition and physical activity behaviors. . The Healthy Caregivers-Healthy Children (HC2) intervention arm schools received a combination of (1) implementing a daily curricula for teachers/parents (the nutritional gatekeepers); (2) implementing a daily curricula for children; (3) technical assistance with meal and snack menu modifications such as including more fresh and less canned produce; and (4) creation of a center policy for dietary requirements for meals and snacks, physical activity and screen time. Control arm schools received an attention control safety curriculum. Major outcome measures include pre-post changes in child body mass index percentile and z score, fruit and vegetable and other nutritious food intake, amount of physical activity, and parental nutrition and physical activity knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs, defined by intentions and behaviors. All measures were administered at the beginning and end of the school year for year one and year two of the study for a total of 4 longitudinal time points for assessment. Although few attempts have been made to prevent Obesity during the first years of life, this period may represent the best opportunity for Obesity Prevention. Findings from this investigation will inform both the fields of childhood Obesity Prevention and early childhood research about the effects of an Obesity Prevention program housed in the childcare setting. Trial registration number: NCT01722032
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effective multi level multi sector school based Obesity Prevention programming improves weight blood pressure and academic performance especially among low income minority children
Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 2010Co-Authors: Danielle Hollar, Michelle Lombardo, Gabriella Lopezmitnik, Theodore L Hollar, Marie Almon, Arthur S Agatston, Sarah E MessiahAbstract:Introduction . Successfully addressing childhood onset Obesity requires multilevel (individual, community, and governmental), multi-agency collaboration. Methods . The Healthier Options for Public Schoolchildren (HOPS)/OrganWise Guys® (OWG) quasi-experimental controlled pilot study (four intervention schools, one control school, total N=3,769; 50.2% Hispanic) was an elementary school-based Obesity Prevention intervention designed to keep children at a normal, healthy weight, and improve health status and academic achievement. The HOPS/OWG included the following replicable, holistic components: (1) modified dietary offerings, (2) nutrition/lifestyle educational curricula; (3) physical activity component; and (4) wellness projects. Demographic, anthropometric (body mass index [BMI]), blood pressure, and academic data were collected during the two-year study period (2004-6). Results . Statistically significant improvements in BMI, blood pressure, and academic scores, among low-income Hispanic and White children in particular, were seen in the intervention versus controls. Conclusion . Holistic school-based Obesity Prevention interventions can improve health outcomes and academic performance, in particular among high-risk populations.
