The Experts below are selected from a list of 48 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Christian M Metallo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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branched chain amino Acid catabolism fuels adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis
Nature Chemical Biology, 2016Co-Authors: Courtney R Green, Martina Wallace, Ajit S Divakaruni, Susan A Phillips, Anne N Murphy, Theodore P Ciaraldi, Christian M MetalloAbstract:Adipose tissue plays important roles in regulating carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis, but less is known about the regulation of amino Acid metabolism in adipocytes. Here we applied isotope tracing to pre-adipocytes and differentiated adipocytes to quantify the contributions of different substrates to tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) metabolism and lipogenesis. In contrast to proliferating cells, which use glucose and glutamine for acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA) generation, differentiated adipocytes showed increased branched-chain amino Acid (BCAA) catabolic flux such that leucine and isoleucine from medium and/or from protein catabolism accounted for as much as 30% of lipogenic AcCoA pools. Medium cobalamin deficiency caused methylmalonic Acid accumulation and Odd-Chain Fatty Acid synthesis. Vitamin B12 supplementation reduced these metabolites and altered the balance of substrates entering mitochondria. Finally, inhibition of BCAA catabolism compromised adipogenesis. These results quantitatively highlight the contribution of BCAAs to adipocyte metabolism and suggest that BCAA catabolism has a functional role in adipocyte differentiation.
Larry L Swift - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lymphocyte propionyl coa carboxylase and accumulation of odd chain Fatty Acid in plasma and erythrocytes are useful indicators of marginal biotin deficiency
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2002Co-Authors: Donald M Mock, Nell I Mock, Cindy L Henrich, Nadine Carnell, Larry L SwiftAbstract:Background: Recent studies indicate marginal biotin deficiency is more common than previously thought. That conclusion’s validity rests on two indicators of biotin status that depend on renal function. Objective: Assessing the validity of two indicators of biotin status that do not depend upon renal function: 1) activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) in lymphocytes and 2) accumulation of Odd-Chain Fatty Acids in the lipids of plasma and erythrocytes. Design: Marginal biotin deficiency was induced in 11 healthy adults by egg-white feeding for 28 days. Blood and 24-h urine samples were collected before commencing the diet and twice weekly thereafter. After depletion, biotin status was restored with a general diet with or without 80 μg/day or 328 nmol/day biotin supplement. Activity of PCC was determined by an optimized NaH 14CO3 incorporation assay. Fatty Acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. Results: With time on the egg-white diet, lymphocyte PCC activity decreased significantly (P <0.0001); C15:0 and C17:0 content increased significantly in the lipids of plasma and erythrocytes (P <0.015). In eight of 11 subjects, lymphocyte PCC activity returned to normal within three weeks of resuming general diets with or without biotin supplement. With repletion, C15:0 and C17:0 in plasma lipids decreased (P <0.02), but Odd-Chain content of erythrocytes did not decrease significantly. Conclusions: Lymphocyte PCC activity is an early and sensitive indicator of marginal biotin deficiency. Odd-Chain Fatty Acids accumulate in blood lipids more gradually during marginal deficiency and return to normal more gradually after biotin repletion.
Johannes Beckers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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metabolic switch during adipogenesis from branched chain amino Acid catabolism to lipid synthesis
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2016Co-Authors: Anna Halama, Marion Horsch, Gabriele Kastenmuller, Gabriele Moller, Pankaj Kumar, Cornelia Prehn, Helmut Laumen, Hans Hauner, Martin Hrabĕ De Angelis, Johannes BeckersAbstract:Fat cell metabolism has an impact on body homeostasis and its proper function. Nevertheless, the knowledge about simultaneous metabolic processes, which occur during adipogenesis and in mature adipocytes, is limited. Identification of key metabolic events associated with fat cell metabolism could be beneficial in the field of novel drug development, drug repurposing, as well as for the discovery of patterns predicting obesity risk. The main objective of our work was to provide comprehensive characterization of metabolic processes occurring during adipogenesis and in mature adipocytes. In order to globally determine crucial metabolic pathways involved in fat cell metabolism, metabolomics and transcriptomics approaches were applied. We observed significantly regulated metabolites correlating with significantly regulated genes at different stages of adipogenesis. We identified the synthesis of phosphatidylcholines, the metabolism of even and odd chain Fatty Acids, as well as the catabolism of branched chain amino Acids (BCAA; leucine, isoleucine and valine) as key regulated pathways. Our further analysis led to identification of an enzymatic switch comprising the enzymes Hmgcs2 (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase) and Auh (AU RNA binding protein/enoyl-CoA hydratase) which connects leucine degradation with cholesterol synthesis. In addition, propionyl-CoA, a product of isoleucine degradation, was identified as a putative substrate for odd chain Fatty Acid synthesis. The uncovered crosstalks between BCAA and lipid metabolism during adipogenesis might contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanisms of obesity and have potential implications in obesity prediction.
Ilana Rogachev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in plaque mass spectrometry imaging of a bloom forming alga during viral infection reveals a metabolic shift towards odd chain Fatty Acid lipids
Nature microbiology, 2019Co-Authors: Guy Schleyer, Nir Shahaf, Carmit Ziv, Yonghui Dong, Roy A Meoded, Eric J N Helfrich, Daniella Schatz, Shilo Rosenwasser, Ilana RogachevAbstract:Tapping into the metabolic crosstalk between a host and its virus can reveal unique strategies employed during infection. Viral infection is a dynamic process that generates an evolving metabolic landscape. Gaining a continuous view into the infection process is highly challenging and is limited by current metabolomics approaches, which typically measure the average of the entire population at various stages of infection. Here, we took an innovative approach to study the metabolic basis of host–virus interactions between the bloom-forming alga Emiliania huxleyi and its specific virus. We combined a classical method in virology, the plaque assay, with advanced mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), an approach we termed ‘in plaque-MSI’. Taking advantage of the spatial characteristics of the plaque, we mapped the metabolic landscape induced during infection in a high spatiotemporal resolution, unfolding the infection process in a continuous manner. Further unsupervised spatially aware clustering, combined with known lipid biomarkers, revealed a systematic metabolic shift during infection towards lipids containing the Odd-Chain Fatty Acid pentadecanoic Acid (C15:0). Applying ‘in plaque-MSI’ may facilitate the discovery of bioactive compounds that mediate the chemical arms race of host–virus interactions in diverse model systems. Combining the plaque assay with mass spectrometry imaging allowed high spatiotemporal resolution mapping of metabolites produced during viral infection of the alga Emiliania huxleyi, and revealed a shift in lipid metabolism towards Odd-Chain Fatty Acid lipids.
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in plaque mass spectrometry imaging reveals a major metabolic shift towards odd chain Fatty Acid lipids induced by host virus interactions
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Guy Schleyer, Nir Shahaf, Carmit Ziv, Yonghui Dong, Roy A Meoded, Eric J N Helfrich, Daniella Schatz, Shilo Rosenwasser, Ilana Rogachev, Asaph AharoniAbstract:Tapping into the metabolic cross-talk between a host and its virus can reveal unique strategies employed during infection. Viral infection is a dynamic process that generates an evolving metabolic landscape. Gaining a continuous view into the infection process is highly challenging and is limited by current metabolomics approaches, which typically measure the average of the entire population at various stages of infection. Here, we took a novel approach to study the metabolic basis of host-virus interactions between the bloom-forming alga Emiliania huxleyi and its specific virus. We combined a classical method in virology, plaque assay, with advanced mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), an approach we termed "in plaque-MSI". Taking advantage of the spatial characteristics of the plaque, we mapped the metabolic landscape induced during infection in a high spatiotemporal resolution, unfolding the infection process in a continuous manner. Further unsupervised spatially-aware clustering, combined with known lipid biomarkers, revealed a systematic metabolic shift towards lipids containing the Odd-Chain Fatty Acid pentadecanoic Acid (C15:0) induced during infection. Applying "in plaque-MSI" might pave the way for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds that mediate the chemical arms race of host-virus interactions in diverse model systems.
Shilo Rosenwasser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in plaque mass spectrometry imaging of a bloom forming alga during viral infection reveals a metabolic shift towards odd chain Fatty Acid lipids
Nature microbiology, 2019Co-Authors: Guy Schleyer, Nir Shahaf, Carmit Ziv, Yonghui Dong, Roy A Meoded, Eric J N Helfrich, Daniella Schatz, Shilo Rosenwasser, Ilana RogachevAbstract:Tapping into the metabolic crosstalk between a host and its virus can reveal unique strategies employed during infection. Viral infection is a dynamic process that generates an evolving metabolic landscape. Gaining a continuous view into the infection process is highly challenging and is limited by current metabolomics approaches, which typically measure the average of the entire population at various stages of infection. Here, we took an innovative approach to study the metabolic basis of host–virus interactions between the bloom-forming alga Emiliania huxleyi and its specific virus. We combined a classical method in virology, the plaque assay, with advanced mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), an approach we termed ‘in plaque-MSI’. Taking advantage of the spatial characteristics of the plaque, we mapped the metabolic landscape induced during infection in a high spatiotemporal resolution, unfolding the infection process in a continuous manner. Further unsupervised spatially aware clustering, combined with known lipid biomarkers, revealed a systematic metabolic shift during infection towards lipids containing the Odd-Chain Fatty Acid pentadecanoic Acid (C15:0). Applying ‘in plaque-MSI’ may facilitate the discovery of bioactive compounds that mediate the chemical arms race of host–virus interactions in diverse model systems. Combining the plaque assay with mass spectrometry imaging allowed high spatiotemporal resolution mapping of metabolites produced during viral infection of the alga Emiliania huxleyi, and revealed a shift in lipid metabolism towards Odd-Chain Fatty Acid lipids.
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in plaque mass spectrometry imaging reveals a major metabolic shift towards odd chain Fatty Acid lipids induced by host virus interactions
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Guy Schleyer, Nir Shahaf, Carmit Ziv, Yonghui Dong, Roy A Meoded, Eric J N Helfrich, Daniella Schatz, Shilo Rosenwasser, Ilana Rogachev, Asaph AharoniAbstract:Tapping into the metabolic cross-talk between a host and its virus can reveal unique strategies employed during infection. Viral infection is a dynamic process that generates an evolving metabolic landscape. Gaining a continuous view into the infection process is highly challenging and is limited by current metabolomics approaches, which typically measure the average of the entire population at various stages of infection. Here, we took a novel approach to study the metabolic basis of host-virus interactions between the bloom-forming alga Emiliania huxleyi and its specific virus. We combined a classical method in virology, plaque assay, with advanced mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), an approach we termed "in plaque-MSI". Taking advantage of the spatial characteristics of the plaque, we mapped the metabolic landscape induced during infection in a high spatiotemporal resolution, unfolding the infection process in a continuous manner. Further unsupervised spatially-aware clustering, combined with known lipid biomarkers, revealed a systematic metabolic shift towards lipids containing the Odd-Chain Fatty Acid pentadecanoic Acid (C15:0) induced during infection. Applying "in plaque-MSI" might pave the way for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds that mediate the chemical arms race of host-virus interactions in diverse model systems.
