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Puangrat Yongvanit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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current perspectives on Opisthorchiasis control and cholangiocarcinoma detection in southeast asia
Frontiers in Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Narong Khuntikeo, Ross H Andrews, Thidarat Boonmars, Attapol Titapun, Watcharin Loilome, Puangrat Yongvanit, Bandit Thinkhamrop, Nittaya Chamadol, Teerachai NethanomsakAbstract:Similar to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in the western world, Opisthorchiasis-associated CCA in Southeast Asia is an aggressive cancer with high mortality rates. It is known to cause a significant health burden in the endemic area of Opisthorchiasis in Thailand and possibly in Southeast Asian. To reduce this health burden, a comprehensive prevention and control program for Opisthorchiasis, as well as CCA, are required. In this review, our aim is to provide a brief update of the current situation regarding Opisthorchiasis and the pathogenesis and health burden of CCA in Southeast Asia, and to discuss a comprehensive approach to tackling these issues being implemented in Thailand under the “Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program” (CASCAP). This comprehensive program consists of a primary and secondary to tertiary prevention and patient care program. The primary prevention component involves Opisthorchiasis screening using a new and sensitive urine assay. The secondary prevention component involves screening for CCA and periductal fibrosis, with suspected CCA patients following the protocol for confirmation and appropriate treatment. Due to the eco-epidemiology of Opisthorchiasis-induced cholangiocarcinoma, the anticipated impacts and outcomes of the program include short, medium and the long-term goals for the reduction of CCA incidence. To achieve such long-term and sustainable impacts, concerted efforts to raise social awareness and participating action by civilians, non-government organizations and government agencies are necessary. The strategic plans developed for this program can be expanded for use in other endemic areas as well as being a model for use in other chronic diseases.
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oxidized alpha 1 antitrypsin as a predictive risk marker of Opisthorchiasis associated cholangiocarcinoma
Tumor Biology, 2013Co-Authors: Wassana Jamnongkan, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Eimorn Mairiang, Watcharin Loilome, Chawalit Pairojkul, Kunyarat Duenngai, Anchalee Techasen, Raynoo Thanan, Nisana Namwat, Puangrat YongvanitAbstract:The oxidized alpha-1 antitrypsin (ox-A1AT) is one modified form of A1AT, generated via oxidation at its active site by free radicals released from inflammatory cells which subsequently are unable to inhibit protease enzymes. The presence of ox-A1AT in human serum has been used as oxidative stress indicator in many diseases. As oxidative/nitrative damage is one major contributor in Opisthorchiasis-driven cholangiocarcinogenesis, we determined A1AT and ox-A1AT expression in human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) tissue using immunohistochemical staining and measured serum ox-A1AT levels by ELISA. A1AT and ox-A1AT were found to be expressed in the tumor of CCA patients. The group with high expression has a significant poor prognosis. Serum levels of ox-A1AT were also significantly higher in groups of patients with heavy Opisthorchis viverrini infection, advanced periductal fibrosis (APF) and CCA when compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). Odds ratio (OR) analysis implicated high ox-A1AT levels as a risk predictor for APF and CCA (P < 0.001; OR = 140.5 and 22.0, respectively). In conclusion, as APF may lead to hepatobiliary diseases and an increased risk of CCA development, our results identified ox-A1AT as a potential risk indicator for Opisthorchiasis-associated CCA. This marker could now be explored for screening of subjects living in endemic areas where the prevalence of Opisthorchiasis still remains high.
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increased expression of tlr 2 cox 2 and sod 2 genes in the peripheral blood leukocytes of Opisthorchiasis patients induced by opisthorchis viverrini antigen
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Puangrat Yongvanit, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Watcharin Loilome, Somchai Pinlaor, Anchalee Techasen, Raynoo Thanan, Nisana Namwat, Somkid DechakhamphuAbstract:Re-infection with liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, increases proinflammatory molecules involved in inflammation-mediated disease and carcinogenesis in an animal model. To clarify whether these genes respond to parasite antigen in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of Opisthorchiasis patients, we examined the transcriptional level of oxidant-generating (toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)), anti-oxidant-generating (manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2) and catalase (CAT)), proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin (IL)-1β), and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), in PBL exposed to parasite antigen in O. viverrini-infected patients compared with healthy individuals in an in vitro experiment. After O. viverrini antigen-treated PBL, quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that increased expression of cytokines and oxidant-generating genes in PBL was similar between O. viverrini-infected and healthy groups. Interestingly, compared with healthy subjects, increase of TLR-2, COX-2, and SOD-2 and decreased CAT mRNA expression levels were observed in O. viverrini-infected group. The results indicate that O. viverrini antigen induces upregulation of TLR-2, COX-2, and SOD-2 and downregulation of CAT genes in Opisthorchiasis patients, suggesting that imbalance of oxidant/anti-oxidant transcripts during re-infection may be involved in the inflammatory-driven carcinogenesis. These molecules may be used as the chemopreventive target for intervention of Opisthorchiasis patients in an endemic area.
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diagnostic values of parasite specific antibody detections in saliva and urine in comparison with serum in Opisthorchiasis
Parasitology International, 2012Co-Authors: Prajak Sawangsoda, Smarn Tesana, Eimorn Mairiang, Puangrat Yongvanit, Thidarut Boonmars, Somchai Pinlaor, Jiraporn Sithithaworn, Kunyarat Duenngai, Paiboon SithithawornAbstract:Abstract Infection by the liver fluke ( Opisthorchis viverrini ) causes hepatobiliary disease and bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA) in endemic areas in Southeast Asia. Measurements of humoral immune response particularly parasite-specific antibodies are useful not only for serodiagnosis but they have been implicated as risk factors of CCA. In this study, we used indirect Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to measure O. viverrini -specific immunoglobulins in serum, urine and saliva and assessed efficacies in diagnosis of Opisthorchiasis and evaluated the relationship of antibodies among clinical specimens in a sample population in endemic areas in Khon Kaen, Thailand. By employing the Receiver Operation Characteristics (ROC) analysis, diagnostic efficacy based upon the area under the curve (AUC) revealed that serum, salivary IgG and IgA performed better than urine for diagnosis of Opisthorchiasis. Seropositive cases were found in both parasite egg-negative as well as O. viverrini egg-positive groups. The levels of serum IgG correlated with intensity of O. viverrini infection ( P O. viverrini. Our findings indicated a complex interrelation between antibody responses in different clinical specimens triggered by liver fluke infection. More comprehensive examinations are needed to determine the potential utility of salivary antibody detection which, in combination with the conventional fecal examination method, may better assist in the identification of individuals with Opisthorchiasis. Furthermore, it may provide a better indicator of the risk of disease, particularly CCA.
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Detection of salivary antibodies to crude antigens of Opisthorchis viverrini in Opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma patients
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2011Co-Authors: Ponlatham Chaiyarit, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Chanitra Thuwajit, Puangrat YongvanitAbstract:Opisthorchis viverrini ( O. viverrini ; known as human liver fluke) is a major health problem in the northeastern region of Thailand. Infection with O. viverrini is the cause of hepatobiliary disease and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Previous studies demonstrated specific antibodies to crude O. viverrini antigens in serum from O. viverrini -infected patients. However, no studies have measured specific antibodies to O. viverrini antigens in saliva from patients with Opisthorchiasis and CCA. The objective of the study was to detect specific antibodies to crude O. viverrini antigens in saliva from patients with Opisthorchiasis and CCA, and to evaluate their use for diagnosis of O. viverrini infection. Saliva samples from 23 control subjects, 30 Opisthorchiasis patients, and 38 CCA patients were collected. ELISA was established for detection of salivary IgA and IgG to crude O. viverrini antigens. ANOVA was used to compare salivary IgA and IgG levels among groups. Salivary IgA to crude O. viverrini antigens in CCA patients was significantly higher than controls ( p = 0.007). Salivary IgG in CCA patients was significantly higher than Opisthorchiasis patients and controls ( p = 0.010 and p
Banchob Sripa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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clonorchis sinensis omega class glutathione transferases are reliable biomarkers for serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis and Opisthorchiasis
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2019Co-Authors: Banchob Sripa, Woonmok Sohn, I Kang, Yukifumi Nawa, Y KongAbstract:Abstract Objectives To determine the potential for immunodiagnostic application of two recombinant forms of Clonorchis sinensis omega-class glutathione transferases (rCsGSTo1 and rCsGSTo2) against human small liver-fluke C. sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini infections. Methods Specific antibody levels against rCsGSTo1 and rCsGSTo2 in patients' sera of egg-positive Opisthorchiasis ( n = 87) and clonorchiasis ( n = 120), as well as those in sera from patients with other helminthic infections ( n = 252) and healthy controls ( n = 40) were retrospectively analysed by ELISA. Results We observed highly positive correlation coefficients between specific antibody levels against rCsGSTo1 and rCsGSTo2 and egg counts per gramme of faeces (EPG) of patients with Opisthorchiasis ( n = 87; r = 0.88 for rCsGSTo1 and r = 0.90 for rCsGSTo2). Sera from Opisthorchiasis patients whose EPG counts >100 ( n = 43) revealed high antibody titres against both antigens. Patients' sera with low EPG counts ( n = 44) also exhibited reliable sensitivities of 93.2% and 97.7% for rCsGSTo1 and rCsGSTo2, respectively. Sera from clonorchiasis patients showed sensitivities of 90% (108/120 samples) and 89.2% (107/120 sera) for rCsGSTo1 and rCsGSTo2. Overall diagnostic sensitivities for liver-fluke infections were 92.3% for rCsGSTo1 (191/207 samples) and 93.2% for rCsGSTo2 (193/207 samples). Specificities were 89.7% (rCsGSTo1) and 97.6% (rCsGSTo2). Conclusions Detection of specific antibody levels against rCsGSTo1 or rCsGSTo2 might be promising for the serodiagnosis of patients infected with these two phylogenetically close carcinogenic liver-flukes.
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update on pathogenesis of Opisthorchiasis and cholangiocarcinoma
Advances in Parasitology, 2018Co-Authors: Banchob Sripa, Sirikachorn Tangkawattana, Paul J BrindleyAbstract:Abstract Infection with the food-borne liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini causes cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Whereas the cause of CCA in the West remains obscure, the principal risk factor in Thailand is Opisthorchiasis. Here, we review recent findings on the pathogenesis of Opisthorchiasis and CCA focusing on helminth molecules/toxic metabolites, host–parasite interaction, endocytosis, immunopathology/inflammatory responses, free radical production, molecular genetic alterations, and multifactorial including coinfections driving to CCA development.
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efficacious and safe dose of praziquantel for the successful treatment of feline reservoir hosts with Opisthorchiasis
Parasitology International, 2017Co-Authors: Piya Sereerak, Banchob Sripa, Prasarn Tangkawattana, Songkaid Upontain, Frank F Mallory, Sirikachorn TangkawattanaAbstract:Abstract Opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a major food-borne zoonosis in Greater Mekong sub-region. Even though campaigns discouraging the consumption of raw fish have been launched to public, the disease still remains highly endemic. The unsuccessful eradication of the disease is probably because of the persistence of the parasite in animal reservoir hosts, particularly felids. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice for morbidity control of Opisthorchiasis in humans and animals. However, there is no specific study on its dosage regimen for feline Opisthorchiasis. Thus, the effective treatment dose of PZQ, as well as its adverse effects, was evaluated in O. viverrini infected cats. Twenty-eight infected male and female cats from the endemic area of Khon Kaen and Maha Sarakham Provinces, Thailand were enrolled in this study. Physical, hematological, blood chemical and urine examinations were analyzed, as indicators of health status, on the day before and 30 days after treatment. Intensity of the infections was determined by the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation technique. Cats were equally allotted into the low infection group of 14 cats with egg count per gram of feces (EPG) O. viverrini eggs was found in all cats in the L1, L2 and H2 subgroups; thus, the cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate (ERR) were 100%. However, partial clearance was observed in two cats with high EPG (1502 and 1518) in the H1 subgroup, which received 25 mg/kg PZQ. Regards, CR and ERR for these two animals was 71.4 and 99.5%. No significant difference among the 4 subgroups was seen. Almost all hematological, blood chemical and urinalysis data were within normal ranges, except for the eosinophilia and an increase of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Hookworm infection seen in all cats would cause eosinophilia. As for drug safety, there was no side effect observed in any cats. In conclusion, this study suggested that 40 mg/kg PZQ is a highly effective and safe dosage for the treatment of feline reservoir hosts of human Opisthorchiasis.
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the tumorigenic liver fluke opisthorchis viverrini multiple pathways to cancer
Trends in Parasitology, 2012Co-Authors: Banchob Sripa, Eimorn Mairiang, Paul J Brindley, Thewarach Laha, Jason Mulvenna, Michael J Smout, Jeffrey M Bethony, Alex LoukasAbstract:Liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a major public health problem in Thailand and adjacent countries. In addition to infection-associated morbidity, infection with O. viverrini and the related Clonorchis sinensis are unarguable risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma (CAA, bile-duct cancer). Here we review the pathogenesis of Opisthorchiasis and the association between O. viverrini infection and bile-duct cancer, focusing on the molecular parallels between wound healing, chronic inflammation, and cancer development. We review a schema for human disease progression from fluke infection, chronic Opisthorchiasis, advanced periductal fibrosis, and cholangiocarcinogenesis, and present a rationale for biomarker discovery to facilitate early intervention. We conclude by addressing post-genomic advances with a view to developing new control strategies to combat this infectious cancer.
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evaluation of liver fluke recombinant cathepsin b 1 protease as a serodiagnostic antigen for human Opisthorchiasis
Parasitology International, 2012Co-Authors: Jittiyawadee Sripa, Alex Loukas, Paul J Brindley, Banchob Sripa, Sasithorn Kaewkes, Thewarach LahaAbstract:A cathepsin B-like cysteine protease belonging to family C1 is abundantly expressed in the transcriptome and proteome of the carcinogenic liver fluke of humans, Opisthorchis viverrini. This enzyme is present in excretory/secretory (ES) products released by parasites cultured in vitro. This study evaluated the performance of recombinant O. viverrini cathepsin B1 (rOv-CB-1) as an antigen for immunodiagnosis of Opisthorchiasis. The full length Ov-CB-1 cDNA was cloned and recombinant protein was produced in catalytically active form in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant Ov-CB-1 (rOv-CB-1) was affinity purified via nickel-NTA chromatography and tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) with human sera from an Opisthorchiasis endemic area. Sera from egg-positive O. viverrini infections produced a strong IgG antibody response to rOv-CB-1 both in ELISA and immunoblot analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA test was 67% and 81%, respectively. These findings support the feasibility of using recombinant Ov-CB-1 in ELISA for the serodiagnosis of human Opisthorchiasis.
Ross H Andrews - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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current perspectives on Opisthorchiasis control and cholangiocarcinoma detection in southeast asia
Frontiers in Medicine, 2018Co-Authors: Narong Khuntikeo, Ross H Andrews, Thidarat Boonmars, Attapol Titapun, Watcharin Loilome, Puangrat Yongvanit, Bandit Thinkhamrop, Nittaya Chamadol, Teerachai NethanomsakAbstract:Similar to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in the western world, Opisthorchiasis-associated CCA in Southeast Asia is an aggressive cancer with high mortality rates. It is known to cause a significant health burden in the endemic area of Opisthorchiasis in Thailand and possibly in Southeast Asian. To reduce this health burden, a comprehensive prevention and control program for Opisthorchiasis, as well as CCA, are required. In this review, our aim is to provide a brief update of the current situation regarding Opisthorchiasis and the pathogenesis and health burden of CCA in Southeast Asia, and to discuss a comprehensive approach to tackling these issues being implemented in Thailand under the “Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program” (CASCAP). This comprehensive program consists of a primary and secondary to tertiary prevention and patient care program. The primary prevention component involves Opisthorchiasis screening using a new and sensitive urine assay. The secondary prevention component involves screening for CCA and periductal fibrosis, with suspected CCA patients following the protocol for confirmation and appropriate treatment. Due to the eco-epidemiology of Opisthorchiasis-induced cholangiocarcinoma, the anticipated impacts and outcomes of the program include short, medium and the long-term goals for the reduction of CCA incidence. To achieve such long-term and sustainable impacts, concerted efforts to raise social awareness and participating action by civilians, non-government organizations and government agencies are necessary. The strategic plans developed for this program can be expanded for use in other endemic areas as well as being a model for use in other chronic diseases.
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the ecology of the bithynia first intermediate hosts of opisthorchis viverrini
Parasitology International, 2012Co-Authors: Trevor N Petney, Ross H Andrews, Smarn Tesana, Carl Grundywarr, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Nadda Kiatsopit, Alan D ZieglerAbstract:Abstract Opisthorchiasis, together with its associated cholangiocarcinoma, is one of the most important human parasitic diseases on continental Southeast Asia. A great deal of epidemiological data from humans is available on this disease, particularly from the northeast of Thailand, however, only limited information is available on those aspects of the life cycle relating to its Bithynia (Gastropoda) and cyprinid fish intermediate hosts. Here we review the information which is available on the Bithynia hosts of Opisthorchis viverrini. Only one major ecological study has been carried out at one site on a single species of Bithynia. We show not only that detailed ecological studies are required to clarify the epidemiology of Opisthorchiasis, but also that the taxonomic status of the Bithynia species transmitting O. viverrini requires clarification.
Paiboon Sithithaworn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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andrographolide ameliorates beta naphthoflavone induced cyp1a enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in hamsters with acute Opisthorchiasis
Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand Chotmaihet thangphaet, 2016Co-Authors: Latiporn Udomsuk, Waranya Chatuphonprasert, Kanokwan Jarukamjorn, Paiboon SithithawornAbstract:Background: Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection generates oxidative stress/free radicals and is considered as a primary cause of cholangiocarcinoma since it primarily triggers sclerosing cholangitis. Objective: In this study, the impacts of andrographolide on acute opisthorchaisis in β-naphthoflavone (BNF)-exposed hamsters were investigated. Material and Method: Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) and methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD) activities and Thiobarbituric acid reaction substances (TBARS) assay of andrographolide in acute Opisthorchiasis in the BNF-exposed hamsters were assessed. Results: The results showed that andrographolide ameliorated the hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 activities by decreases of the specific enzymatic reactions of EROD and MROD, respectively, in the BNF-exposed hamsters. Moreover, andrographolide lowered the formation of malondialdehyde in the livers and brains of the hamsters. Conclusion: These observations revealed the promising chemo-protective and antioxidant activities of andrographolide via suppression of the specific EROD and MROD reactions and lipid peroxidation against acute Opisthorchiasis in the BNFexposed hamsters. Keywords: Opisthorchiasis, Andrographolide, β-naphthoflavone, CYP1A, Lipid peroxidation, Hamster
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oxidized alpha 1 antitrypsin as a predictive risk marker of Opisthorchiasis associated cholangiocarcinoma
Tumor Biology, 2013Co-Authors: Wassana Jamnongkan, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Eimorn Mairiang, Watcharin Loilome, Chawalit Pairojkul, Kunyarat Duenngai, Anchalee Techasen, Raynoo Thanan, Nisana Namwat, Puangrat YongvanitAbstract:The oxidized alpha-1 antitrypsin (ox-A1AT) is one modified form of A1AT, generated via oxidation at its active site by free radicals released from inflammatory cells which subsequently are unable to inhibit protease enzymes. The presence of ox-A1AT in human serum has been used as oxidative stress indicator in many diseases. As oxidative/nitrative damage is one major contributor in Opisthorchiasis-driven cholangiocarcinogenesis, we determined A1AT and ox-A1AT expression in human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) tissue using immunohistochemical staining and measured serum ox-A1AT levels by ELISA. A1AT and ox-A1AT were found to be expressed in the tumor of CCA patients. The group with high expression has a significant poor prognosis. Serum levels of ox-A1AT were also significantly higher in groups of patients with heavy Opisthorchis viverrini infection, advanced periductal fibrosis (APF) and CCA when compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). Odds ratio (OR) analysis implicated high ox-A1AT levels as a risk predictor for APF and CCA (P < 0.001; OR = 140.5 and 22.0, respectively). In conclusion, as APF may lead to hepatobiliary diseases and an increased risk of CCA development, our results identified ox-A1AT as a potential risk indicator for Opisthorchiasis-associated CCA. This marker could now be explored for screening of subjects living in endemic areas where the prevalence of Opisthorchiasis still remains high.
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increased expression of tlr 2 cox 2 and sod 2 genes in the peripheral blood leukocytes of Opisthorchiasis patients induced by opisthorchis viverrini antigen
Parasitology Research, 2012Co-Authors: Puangrat Yongvanit, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Watcharin Loilome, Somchai Pinlaor, Anchalee Techasen, Raynoo Thanan, Nisana Namwat, Somkid DechakhamphuAbstract:Re-infection with liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, increases proinflammatory molecules involved in inflammation-mediated disease and carcinogenesis in an animal model. To clarify whether these genes respond to parasite antigen in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of Opisthorchiasis patients, we examined the transcriptional level of oxidant-generating (toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-KB), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)), anti-oxidant-generating (manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2) and catalase (CAT)), proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin (IL)-1β), and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), in PBL exposed to parasite antigen in O. viverrini-infected patients compared with healthy individuals in an in vitro experiment. After O. viverrini antigen-treated PBL, quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that increased expression of cytokines and oxidant-generating genes in PBL was similar between O. viverrini-infected and healthy groups. Interestingly, compared with healthy subjects, increase of TLR-2, COX-2, and SOD-2 and decreased CAT mRNA expression levels were observed in O. viverrini-infected group. The results indicate that O. viverrini antigen induces upregulation of TLR-2, COX-2, and SOD-2 and downregulation of CAT genes in Opisthorchiasis patients, suggesting that imbalance of oxidant/anti-oxidant transcripts during re-infection may be involved in the inflammatory-driven carcinogenesis. These molecules may be used as the chemopreventive target for intervention of Opisthorchiasis patients in an endemic area.
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the ecology of the bithynia first intermediate hosts of opisthorchis viverrini
Parasitology International, 2012Co-Authors: Trevor N Petney, Ross H Andrews, Smarn Tesana, Carl Grundywarr, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Nadda Kiatsopit, Alan D ZieglerAbstract:Abstract Opisthorchiasis, together with its associated cholangiocarcinoma, is one of the most important human parasitic diseases on continental Southeast Asia. A great deal of epidemiological data from humans is available on this disease, particularly from the northeast of Thailand, however, only limited information is available on those aspects of the life cycle relating to its Bithynia (Gastropoda) and cyprinid fish intermediate hosts. Here we review the information which is available on the Bithynia hosts of Opisthorchis viverrini. Only one major ecological study has been carried out at one site on a single species of Bithynia. We show not only that detailed ecological studies are required to clarify the epidemiology of Opisthorchiasis, but also that the taxonomic status of the Bithynia species transmitting O. viverrini requires clarification.
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diagnostic values of parasite specific antibody detections in saliva and urine in comparison with serum in Opisthorchiasis
Parasitology International, 2012Co-Authors: Prajak Sawangsoda, Smarn Tesana, Eimorn Mairiang, Puangrat Yongvanit, Thidarut Boonmars, Somchai Pinlaor, Jiraporn Sithithaworn, Kunyarat Duenngai, Paiboon SithithawornAbstract:Abstract Infection by the liver fluke ( Opisthorchis viverrini ) causes hepatobiliary disease and bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA) in endemic areas in Southeast Asia. Measurements of humoral immune response particularly parasite-specific antibodies are useful not only for serodiagnosis but they have been implicated as risk factors of CCA. In this study, we used indirect Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to measure O. viverrini -specific immunoglobulins in serum, urine and saliva and assessed efficacies in diagnosis of Opisthorchiasis and evaluated the relationship of antibodies among clinical specimens in a sample population in endemic areas in Khon Kaen, Thailand. By employing the Receiver Operation Characteristics (ROC) analysis, diagnostic efficacy based upon the area under the curve (AUC) revealed that serum, salivary IgG and IgA performed better than urine for diagnosis of Opisthorchiasis. Seropositive cases were found in both parasite egg-negative as well as O. viverrini egg-positive groups. The levels of serum IgG correlated with intensity of O. viverrini infection ( P O. viverrini. Our findings indicated a complex interrelation between antibody responses in different clinical specimens triggered by liver fluke infection. More comprehensive examinations are needed to determine the potential utility of salivary antibody detection which, in combination with the conventional fecal examination method, may better assist in the identification of individuals with Opisthorchiasis. Furthermore, it may provide a better indicator of the risk of disease, particularly CCA.
Eimorn Mairiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ultrasonographic features of hepatobiliary pathology in Opisthorchiasis and Opisthorchiasis associated cholangiocarcinoma
Parasitology International, 2017Co-Authors: Eimorn MairiangAbstract:Infection with the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov), is an important public health problem in northeast Thailand where people have a habit of eating raw or inadequately cooked fish. Opisthorchiasis is associated with a number of asymptomatic hepatobiliary abnormalities and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) that can be observed conveniently by ultrasonography. Based on our accumulated data, characteristic features of ultrasonographic findings of hepatobiliary pathology in Ov infection are reviewed. Also, the ultrasonographic classification of periductal fibrosis in Ov infection of Opisthorchiasis will be proposed herein.
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elevated prevalence of helicobacter species and virulence factors in Opisthorchiasis and associated hepatobiliary disease
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Eimorn Mairiang, Pisaln Mairiang, Raksawan Deenonpoe, Chawalit Pairojkul, Yaovalux Chamgramol, Gabriel Rinaldi, Alex Loukas, Paul J BrindleyAbstract:Recent reports suggest that Opisthorchis viverrini serves as a reservoir of Helicobacter and implicate Helicobacter in pathogenesis of Opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Here, 553 age-sex matched cases and controls, 293 and 260 positive and negative for liver fluke O. viverrini eggs, of residents in Northeastern Thailand were investigated for associations among infection with liver fluke, Helicobacter and hepatobiliary fibrosis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was higher in O. viverrini-infected than uninfected participants. H. pylori bacterial load correlated positively with intensity of O. viverrini infection, and participants with Opisthorchiasis exhibited higher frequency of virulent cagA-positive H. pylori than those free of fluke infection. Genotyping of cagA from feces of both infected and uninfected participants revealed that the AB genotype accounted for 78% and Western type 22%. Participants infected with O. viverrini exhibited higher prevalence of typical Western type (EPIYA ABC) and variant AB’C type (EPIYT B) CagA. Multivariate analyses among H. pylori virulence genes and severity of hepatobiliary disease revealed positive correlations between biliary periductal fibrosis during Opisthorchiasis and CagA and CagA with CagA multimerization (CM) sequence-positive H. pylori. These findings support the hypothesis that H. pylori contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic Opisthorchiasis and specifically to Opisthorchiasis-associated CCA.
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oxidized alpha 1 antitrypsin as a predictive risk marker of Opisthorchiasis associated cholangiocarcinoma
Tumor Biology, 2013Co-Authors: Wassana Jamnongkan, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Eimorn Mairiang, Watcharin Loilome, Chawalit Pairojkul, Kunyarat Duenngai, Anchalee Techasen, Raynoo Thanan, Nisana Namwat, Puangrat YongvanitAbstract:The oxidized alpha-1 antitrypsin (ox-A1AT) is one modified form of A1AT, generated via oxidation at its active site by free radicals released from inflammatory cells which subsequently are unable to inhibit protease enzymes. The presence of ox-A1AT in human serum has been used as oxidative stress indicator in many diseases. As oxidative/nitrative damage is one major contributor in Opisthorchiasis-driven cholangiocarcinogenesis, we determined A1AT and ox-A1AT expression in human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) tissue using immunohistochemical staining and measured serum ox-A1AT levels by ELISA. A1AT and ox-A1AT were found to be expressed in the tumor of CCA patients. The group with high expression has a significant poor prognosis. Serum levels of ox-A1AT were also significantly higher in groups of patients with heavy Opisthorchis viverrini infection, advanced periductal fibrosis (APF) and CCA when compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001). Odds ratio (OR) analysis implicated high ox-A1AT levels as a risk predictor for APF and CCA (P < 0.001; OR = 140.5 and 22.0, respectively). In conclusion, as APF may lead to hepatobiliary diseases and an increased risk of CCA development, our results identified ox-A1AT as a potential risk indicator for Opisthorchiasis-associated CCA. This marker could now be explored for screening of subjects living in endemic areas where the prevalence of Opisthorchiasis still remains high.
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the tumorigenic liver fluke opisthorchis viverrini multiple pathways to cancer
Trends in Parasitology, 2012Co-Authors: Banchob Sripa, Eimorn Mairiang, Paul J Brindley, Thewarach Laha, Jason Mulvenna, Michael J Smout, Jeffrey M Bethony, Alex LoukasAbstract:Liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a major public health problem in Thailand and adjacent countries. In addition to infection-associated morbidity, infection with O. viverrini and the related Clonorchis sinensis are unarguable risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma (CAA, bile-duct cancer). Here we review the pathogenesis of Opisthorchiasis and the association between O. viverrini infection and bile-duct cancer, focusing on the molecular parallels between wound healing, chronic inflammation, and cancer development. We review a schema for human disease progression from fluke infection, chronic Opisthorchiasis, advanced periductal fibrosis, and cholangiocarcinogenesis, and present a rationale for biomarker discovery to facilitate early intervention. We conclude by addressing post-genomic advances with a view to developing new control strategies to combat this infectious cancer.
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diagnostic values of parasite specific antibody detections in saliva and urine in comparison with serum in Opisthorchiasis
Parasitology International, 2012Co-Authors: Prajak Sawangsoda, Smarn Tesana, Eimorn Mairiang, Puangrat Yongvanit, Thidarut Boonmars, Somchai Pinlaor, Jiraporn Sithithaworn, Kunyarat Duenngai, Paiboon SithithawornAbstract:Abstract Infection by the liver fluke ( Opisthorchis viverrini ) causes hepatobiliary disease and bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA) in endemic areas in Southeast Asia. Measurements of humoral immune response particularly parasite-specific antibodies are useful not only for serodiagnosis but they have been implicated as risk factors of CCA. In this study, we used indirect Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to measure O. viverrini -specific immunoglobulins in serum, urine and saliva and assessed efficacies in diagnosis of Opisthorchiasis and evaluated the relationship of antibodies among clinical specimens in a sample population in endemic areas in Khon Kaen, Thailand. By employing the Receiver Operation Characteristics (ROC) analysis, diagnostic efficacy based upon the area under the curve (AUC) revealed that serum, salivary IgG and IgA performed better than urine for diagnosis of Opisthorchiasis. Seropositive cases were found in both parasite egg-negative as well as O. viverrini egg-positive groups. The levels of serum IgG correlated with intensity of O. viverrini infection ( P O. viverrini. Our findings indicated a complex interrelation between antibody responses in different clinical specimens triggered by liver fluke infection. More comprehensive examinations are needed to determine the potential utility of salivary antibody detection which, in combination with the conventional fecal examination method, may better assist in the identification of individuals with Opisthorchiasis. Furthermore, it may provide a better indicator of the risk of disease, particularly CCA.