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Neiva Tinti De Oliveira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dactylopius Opuntiae: control by the Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex and confirmation of mortality by DNA fingerprinting
Journal of Pest Science, 2017Co-Authors: Mariele Porto Carneiro-leão, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:Cultivation of the prickly pear cactus, Opuntia ficus - indica , an important cattle food in the semiarid region of Brazil, has been increasingly compromised by predation by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae . Entomopathogenic fungi represent a low environmental impact alternative to controlling this insect pest, and the genus Fusarium has been described as a promising agent for that task. As such, we selected isolates of the Fusarium incarnatum – equiseti species complex (FIESC) to evaluate their potential biological control of D. Opuntiae and confirmed their efficiency/presence in the field through morphological and molecular characteristics. The pathogenicities of 25 isolates of FIESC obtained from D. Opuntiae were evaluated. The isolates URM6782, URM6778, and URM6811 demonstrated kill rates above 45%, and good sporulation characteristics, and were thus selected for field testing. The isolate URM6782 showed the highest kill rate in the field, and amplification profiles obtained using the ISSR UBC834 marker confirmed that the isolates released in the field were in fact the causal agents of the high mortality of D. Opuntiae . We also observed natural biological control by native Fusarium species present in the field. Our results suggest that the isolates URM6782 and URM6778 show significant promise for controlling D. Opuntiae and that the ISSR primer UBC834 can be used to monitor those isolates when released into the field. This work represents an initial study directed toward the biological control of D. Opuntiae using novel isolates from the FIESC.
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dactylopius Opuntiae control by the fusarium incarnatum equiseti species complex and confirmation of mortality by dna fingerprinting
Journal of Pest Science, 2017Co-Authors: Mariele Porto Carneiroleao, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:Cultivation of the prickly pear cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, an important cattle food in the semiarid region of Brazil, has been increasingly compromised by predation by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae. Entomopathogenic fungi represent a low environmental impact alternative to controlling this insect pest, and the genus Fusarium has been described as a promising agent for that task. As such, we selected isolates of the Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex (FIESC) to evaluate their potential biological control of D. Opuntiae and confirmed their efficiency/presence in the field through morphological and molecular characteristics. The pathogenicities of 25 isolates of FIESC obtained from D. Opuntiae were evaluated. The isolates URM6782, URM6778, and URM6811 demonstrated kill rates above 45%, and good sporulation characteristics, and were thus selected for field testing. The isolate URM6782 showed the highest kill rate in the field, and amplification profiles obtained using the ISSR UBC834 marker confirmed that the isolates released in the field were in fact the causal agents of the high mortality of D. Opuntiae. We also observed natural biological control by native Fusarium species present in the field. Our results suggest that the isolates URM6782 and URM6778 show significant promise for controlling D. Opuntiae and that the ISSR primer UBC834 can be used to monitor those isolates when released into the field. This work represents an initial study directed toward the biological control of D. Opuntiae using novel isolates from the FIESC.
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Dactylopius Opuntiae : control by the Fusarium incarnatum – equiseti species complex and confirmation of mortality by DNA fingerprinting
Journal of Pest Science, 2017Co-Authors: Mariele Porto Carneiro-leão, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:Cultivation of the prickly pear cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, an important cattle food in the semiarid region of Brazil, has been increasingly compromised by predation by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae. Entomopathogenic fungi represent a low environmental impact alternative to controlling this insect pest, and the genus Fusarium has been described as a promising agent for that task. As such, we selected isolates of the Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex (FIESC) to evaluate their potential biological control of D. Opuntiae and confirmed their efficiency/presence in the field through morphological and molecular characteristics. The pathogenicities of 25 isolates of FIESC obtained from D. Opuntiae were evaluated. The isolates URM6782, URM6778, and URM6811 demonstrated kill rates above 45%, and good sporulation characteristics, and were thus selected for field testing. The isolate URM6782 showed the highest kill rate in the field, and amplification profiles obtained using the ISSR UBC834 marker confirmed that the isolates released in the field were in fact the causal agents of the high mortality of D. Opuntiae. We also observed natural biological control by native Fusarium species present in the field. Our results suggest that the isolates URM6782 and URM6778 show significant promise for controlling D. Opuntiae and that the ISSR primer UBC834 can be used to monitor those isolates when released into the field. This work represents an initial study directed toward the biological control of D. Opuntiae using novel isolates from the FIESC.
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Polymorphisms in entomopathogenic fusaria based on inter simple sequence repeats
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Patricia Vieira Tiago, Ana Carla Silva Santos, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Mariele Porto Carneiro Leão, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:ABSTRACTIsolates of Fusarium obtained from Dactylopius Opuntiae (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) demonstrated potential as biological control agents against that same insect, which is a pest on Opuntia ficus-indica L Miller. The isolates belong to two species complexes: Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti (FIESC – five species) and Fusarium fujikuroi (FFSC – one species). Twenty-eight isolates of these fungi were characterised using seven Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers. The UBC841 primer differentiated all the FIESC isolates studied and the single isolate of Fusarium pseudocircinatum O’Donnell & Nirenberg at a level greater than 90% similarity for the fragment sizes. The results indicated high genetic variability among those isolates, an important characteristic for biological control, increasing the chances of finding efficient fungi for insect control. The ISSR markers UBC834 and UBC841 were found to be efficient for characterising and differentiating (DNA fingerprinting) those fungi, and c...
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Controlling Dactylopius Opuntiae with Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex and extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis
Journal of Pest Science, 2016Co-Authors: Ana Carla Silva Santos, Rafael Leão Soares Oliveira, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:In northeast Brazil, the cactus Opuntia ficus - indica is a key species for feeding livestock. However, productivity has been reduced by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae . Fusarium incarnatum - equiseti species complex (FIESC) strains obtained from D. Opuntiae show potential as biological control agents. Furthermore, the insecticidal action of entomopathogenic fungi can be enhanced when used in conjunction with insecticides of plant origin. This study aimed to verify the insecticidal action of extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis separately and in combination with FIESC isolates against D. Opuntiae . We evaluated the compatibility of FIESC 20-b isolates with aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis at w/v concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 %. The treatments used in the four bioassays against D. Opuntiae were selected using the Biological Index model. The aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis were compatible with some FIESC 20-b isolates. The corrected mortality values at different bioassays ranged from 61.23 to 100 %. The insecticide action resulting from the combination of the URM6778 isolate with aqueous extract of R. communis was the highest, producing 100 % mortality on D. Opuntiae . Our results indicate FIESC 20-b isolates and extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis are promising control agents for D. Opuntiae , a low-cost technology and environmentally friendly.
Anne Negre-salvayre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Opuntia spp.: Characterization and benefits in chronic diseases
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2017Co-Authors: María Del Socorro Santos Díaz, Françoise Guéraud, Ana-paulina Barba De La Rosa, Cecile Helies-toussaint, Anne Negre-salvayreAbstract:Opuntia species have been used for centuries as food resources and in traditional folk medicine for their nutritional properties and their benefit in chronic diseases, particularly diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. These plants are largely distributed in America, Africa, and the Mediterranean basin. Opuntia spp. have great economic potential because they grow in arid and desert areas, and O. ficus- indica, the domesticated O. species, is used as a nutritional and pharmaceutical agent in various dietary and value- added products. Though differences in the phytochemical composition exist between wild and domesticated (O. ficus- indica) Opuntia spp., all Opuntia vegetatives (pear, roots, cladodes, seeds, and juice) exhibit beneficial properties mainly resulting from their high content in antioxidants (flavonoids, ascorbate), pigments (carotenoids, betalains), and phenolic acids. Other phytochemical components (biopeptides, soluble fibers) have been characterized and contribute to the medicinal properties of Opuntia spp. The biological properties of Opuntia spp. have been investigated on cellular and animal models and in clinical trials in humans, allowing characterization and clarification of the protective effect of Opuntia- enriched diets in chronic diseases. This review is an update on the phytochemical composition and biological properties of Opuntia spp. and their potential interest in medicine.
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Dietary cladode powder from wild type and domesticated Opuntia species reduces atherogenesis in apoE knock-out mice
Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Sandra Garoby-salom, Caroline Camare, Michel Rossignol, Robert Salvayre, Françoise Guéraud, Ana-paulina Barba De La Rosa, María Del Socorro Santos Díaz, Anne Negre-salvayreAbstract:Dietary intake of Opuntia species may prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to characterize the biological antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Opuntia species and to investigate whether Opuntia cladodes prevent the development of atherosclerosis in vivo, in apoE^−KO mice. The effects of the two Opuntia species, the wild Opuntia streptacantha and the domesticated Opuntia ficus-indica , were tested on the generation of intra- and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and kinetics of the LDL oxidation by murine CRL2181 endothelial cells and on the subsequent inflammatory signaling leading to the adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium and the formation of foam cells. Opuntia species blocked the extracellular ROS (superoxide anion) generation and LDL oxidation by CRL2181, as well as the intracellular ROS rise and signaling evoked by the oxidized LDL, including the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFκB, the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 adhesion molecules, and the adhesion of monocytes to CRL2181. In vivo, Opuntia significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and the accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal adducts in the vascular wall of apoE-KO mice, indicating that Opuntia cladodes prevent lipid oxidation in the vascular wall. In conclusion, wild and domesticated Opuntia species exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties which emphasize their nutritional benefit for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
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Dietary cladode powder from wild type and domesticated Opuntia species reduces atherogenesis in apoE knock-out mice
Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Sandra Garoby-salom, Caroline Camare, Michel Rossignol, Robert Salvayre, Françoise Guéraud, Ana-paulina Barba De La Rosa, María Del Socorro Santos Díaz, Anne Negre-salvayreAbstract:Dietary intake of Opuntia species may prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to characterize the biological antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Opuntia species and to investigate whether Opuntia cladodes prevent the development of atherosclerosis in vivo, in apoE(-)KO mice. The effects of the two Opuntia species, the wild Opuntia streptacantha and the domesticated Opuntia ficus-indica, were tested on the generation of intra- and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and kinetics of the LDL oxidation by murine CRL2181 endothelial cells and on the subsequent inflammatory signaling leading to the adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium and the formation of foam cells. Opuntia species blocked the extracellular ROS (superoxide anion) generation and LDL oxidation by CRL2181, as well as the intracellular ROS rise and signaling evoked by the oxidized LDL, including the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NF kappa B, the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 adhesion molecules, and the adhesion of monocytes to CRL2181. In vivo, Opuntia significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and the accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal adducts in the vascular wall of apoE-KO mice, indicating that Opuntia cladodes prevent lipid oxidation in the vascular wall. In conclusion, wild and domesticated Opuntia species exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties which emphasize their nutritional benefit for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
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Comparative shotgun proteomic analysis of wild and domesticated Opuntia spp. species shows a metabolic adaptation through domestication
Journal of Proteomics, 2016Co-Authors: Carole Pichereaux, Michel Rossignol, Françoise Guéraud, Anne Negre-salvayre, María Del Socorro Santos-díaz, Eric E. Hernandez-dominguez, Antonio Reyes-aguero, Marizel Astello-garcia, Odile Schiltz, Ana-paulina Barba De La RosaAbstract:The Opuntia genus is widely distributed in America, but the highest richness of wild species are found in Mexico, as well as the most domesticated Opuntia ficus-indica, which is the most domesticated species and an important crop in agricultural economies of arid and semiarid areas worldwide. During domestication process, the Opuntia morphological characteristics were favored, such as less and smaller spines in cladodes and less seeds in fruits, but changes at molecular level are almost unknown. To obtain more insights about the Opuntia molecular changes through domestication, a shotgun proteomic analysis and database-dependent searches by homology was carried out. >1000 protein species were identified and by using a label-free quantitation method, the Opuntia proteomes were compared in order to identify differentially accumulated proteins among wild and domesticated species. Most of the changes were observed in glucose, secondary, and 1C metabolism, which correlate with the observed protein, fiber and phenolic compounds accumulation in Opuntia cladodes. Regulatory proteins, ribosomal proteins, and proteins related with response to stress were also observed in differential accumulation. These results provide new valuable data that will help to the understanding of the molecular changes of Opuntia species through domestication. Biological significance: Opuntia species are well adapted to dry and warm conditions in arid and semiarid regions worldwide, and they are highly productive plants showing considerable promises as an alternative food source. However, there is a gap regarding Opuntia molecular mechanisms that enable them to grow in extreme environmental conditions and how the domestication processes has changed them. In the present study, a shotgun analysis was carried out to characterize the proteomes of five Opuntia species selected by its domestication degree. Our results will help to a better understanding of proteomic features underlying the selection and specialization under evolution and domestication of Opuntia and will provide a platform for basic biology research and gene discovery.
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Establishment of callus and cell suspensions of wild and domesticated Opuntia species: study on their potential as a source of metabolite production
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2016Co-Authors: Marissa Robles-martinez, Michel Rossignol, Françoise Guéraud, Anne Negre-salvayre, Ana Paulina Barba-de La Rosa, Maria Del Socorro Santos-diazAbstract:Opuntia streptacantha and Opuntia megacantha are considered wild species, while Opuntia ficus-indica is deemed a domesticated species. Opuntia species have relevant nutritional and medicinal properties, related to their high levels of phenolics compounds. The objective of this study was to establish callus and cell suspensions of O. streptacantha (cv. Tuna loca), O. megacantha (cv. Rubi reina), and O. ficus-indica (cv. Rojo vigor), and to compare their potential as a source of metabolite production in vitro. Opuntia seeds were physically and chemically scarified obtaining 70-100 % germination. Fast-growing callus and cell suspensions were generated on Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.5, 1.0 mg L-1), and BAP (1.5, 2.0 mg L-1) applied alone or in combination. In general, media containing both, 2,4-D and BAP were more efficient in inducing callus formation than 2,4-D or BAP alone. The content of phenolic acids and flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were all similar in callus and suspensions; however, growth rate was higher in cell suspensions in all species. Production of phenolic acids was correlated to the antioxidant activity, with these parameters being higher in O. streptacantha, the wild species. The concentration of metabolites in callus and cellular suspensions was about three times higher compared with cladodes, indicating that the use of in vitro cultures of Opuntia species is a viable alternative for the production of antioxidants under controlled conditions.
Ana Carla Silva Santos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Polymorphisms in entomopathogenic fusaria based on inter simple sequence repeats
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Patricia Vieira Tiago, Ana Carla Silva Santos, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Mariele Porto Carneiro Leão, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:ABSTRACTIsolates of Fusarium obtained from Dactylopius Opuntiae (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) demonstrated potential as biological control agents against that same insect, which is a pest on Opuntia ficus-indica L Miller. The isolates belong to two species complexes: Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti (FIESC – five species) and Fusarium fujikuroi (FFSC – one species). Twenty-eight isolates of these fungi were characterised using seven Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers. The UBC841 primer differentiated all the FIESC isolates studied and the single isolate of Fusarium pseudocircinatum O’Donnell & Nirenberg at a level greater than 90% similarity for the fragment sizes. The results indicated high genetic variability among those isolates, an important characteristic for biological control, increasing the chances of finding efficient fungi for insect control. The ISSR markers UBC834 and UBC841 were found to be efficient for characterising and differentiating (DNA fingerprinting) those fungi, and c...
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Controlling Dactylopius Opuntiae with Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex and extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis
Journal of Pest Science, 2016Co-Authors: Ana Carla Silva Santos, Rafael Leão Soares Oliveira, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:In northeast Brazil, the cactus Opuntia ficus - indica is a key species for feeding livestock. However, productivity has been reduced by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae . Fusarium incarnatum - equiseti species complex (FIESC) strains obtained from D. Opuntiae show potential as biological control agents. Furthermore, the insecticidal action of entomopathogenic fungi can be enhanced when used in conjunction with insecticides of plant origin. This study aimed to verify the insecticidal action of extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis separately and in combination with FIESC isolates against D. Opuntiae . We evaluated the compatibility of FIESC 20-b isolates with aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis at w/v concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 %. The treatments used in the four bioassays against D. Opuntiae were selected using the Biological Index model. The aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis were compatible with some FIESC 20-b isolates. The corrected mortality values at different bioassays ranged from 61.23 to 100 %. The insecticide action resulting from the combination of the URM6778 isolate with aqueous extract of R. communis was the highest, producing 100 % mortality on D. Opuntiae . Our results indicate FIESC 20-b isolates and extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis are promising control agents for D. Opuntiae , a low-cost technology and environmentally friendly.
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controlling dactylopius Opuntiae with fusarium incarnatum equiseti species complex and extracts of ricinus communis and poincianella pyramidalis
Journal of Pest Science, 2016Co-Authors: Ana Carla Silva Santos, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Rafael S. Oliveira, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:In northeast Brazil, the cactus Opuntia ficus-indica is a key species for feeding livestock. However, productivity has been reduced by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae. Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) strains obtained from D. Opuntiae show potential as biological control agents. Furthermore, the insecticidal action of entomopathogenic fungi can be enhanced when used in conjunction with insecticides of plant origin. This study aimed to verify the insecticidal action of extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis separately and in combination with FIESC isolates against D. Opuntiae. We evaluated the compatibility of FIESC 20-b isolates with aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis at w/v concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 %. The treatments used in the four bioassays against D. Opuntiae were selected using the Biological Index model. The aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis were compatible with some FIESC 20-b isolates. The corrected mortality values at different bioassays ranged from 61.23 to 100 %. The insecticide action resulting from the combination of the URM6778 isolate with aqueous extract of R. communis was the highest, producing 100 % mortality on D. Opuntiae. Our results indicate FIESC 20-b isolates and extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis are promising control agents for D. Opuntiae, a low-cost technology and environmentally friendly.
Antonio Félix Da Costa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dactylopius Opuntiae: control by the Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex and confirmation of mortality by DNA fingerprinting
Journal of Pest Science, 2017Co-Authors: Mariele Porto Carneiro-leão, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:Cultivation of the prickly pear cactus, Opuntia ficus - indica , an important cattle food in the semiarid region of Brazil, has been increasingly compromised by predation by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae . Entomopathogenic fungi represent a low environmental impact alternative to controlling this insect pest, and the genus Fusarium has been described as a promising agent for that task. As such, we selected isolates of the Fusarium incarnatum – equiseti species complex (FIESC) to evaluate their potential biological control of D. Opuntiae and confirmed their efficiency/presence in the field through morphological and molecular characteristics. The pathogenicities of 25 isolates of FIESC obtained from D. Opuntiae were evaluated. The isolates URM6782, URM6778, and URM6811 demonstrated kill rates above 45%, and good sporulation characteristics, and were thus selected for field testing. The isolate URM6782 showed the highest kill rate in the field, and amplification profiles obtained using the ISSR UBC834 marker confirmed that the isolates released in the field were in fact the causal agents of the high mortality of D. Opuntiae . We also observed natural biological control by native Fusarium species present in the field. Our results suggest that the isolates URM6782 and URM6778 show significant promise for controlling D. Opuntiae and that the ISSR primer UBC834 can be used to monitor those isolates when released into the field. This work represents an initial study directed toward the biological control of D. Opuntiae using novel isolates from the FIESC.
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dactylopius Opuntiae control by the fusarium incarnatum equiseti species complex and confirmation of mortality by dna fingerprinting
Journal of Pest Science, 2017Co-Authors: Mariele Porto Carneiroleao, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:Cultivation of the prickly pear cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, an important cattle food in the semiarid region of Brazil, has been increasingly compromised by predation by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae. Entomopathogenic fungi represent a low environmental impact alternative to controlling this insect pest, and the genus Fusarium has been described as a promising agent for that task. As such, we selected isolates of the Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex (FIESC) to evaluate their potential biological control of D. Opuntiae and confirmed their efficiency/presence in the field through morphological and molecular characteristics. The pathogenicities of 25 isolates of FIESC obtained from D. Opuntiae were evaluated. The isolates URM6782, URM6778, and URM6811 demonstrated kill rates above 45%, and good sporulation characteristics, and were thus selected for field testing. The isolate URM6782 showed the highest kill rate in the field, and amplification profiles obtained using the ISSR UBC834 marker confirmed that the isolates released in the field were in fact the causal agents of the high mortality of D. Opuntiae. We also observed natural biological control by native Fusarium species present in the field. Our results suggest that the isolates URM6782 and URM6778 show significant promise for controlling D. Opuntiae and that the ISSR primer UBC834 can be used to monitor those isolates when released into the field. This work represents an initial study directed toward the biological control of D. Opuntiae using novel isolates from the FIESC.
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Dactylopius Opuntiae : control by the Fusarium incarnatum – equiseti species complex and confirmation of mortality by DNA fingerprinting
Journal of Pest Science, 2017Co-Authors: Mariele Porto Carneiro-leão, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:Cultivation of the prickly pear cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica, an important cattle food in the semiarid region of Brazil, has been increasingly compromised by predation by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae. Entomopathogenic fungi represent a low environmental impact alternative to controlling this insect pest, and the genus Fusarium has been described as a promising agent for that task. As such, we selected isolates of the Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex (FIESC) to evaluate their potential biological control of D. Opuntiae and confirmed their efficiency/presence in the field through morphological and molecular characteristics. The pathogenicities of 25 isolates of FIESC obtained from D. Opuntiae were evaluated. The isolates URM6782, URM6778, and URM6811 demonstrated kill rates above 45%, and good sporulation characteristics, and were thus selected for field testing. The isolate URM6782 showed the highest kill rate in the field, and amplification profiles obtained using the ISSR UBC834 marker confirmed that the isolates released in the field were in fact the causal agents of the high mortality of D. Opuntiae. We also observed natural biological control by native Fusarium species present in the field. Our results suggest that the isolates URM6782 and URM6778 show significant promise for controlling D. Opuntiae and that the ISSR primer UBC834 can be used to monitor those isolates when released into the field. This work represents an initial study directed toward the biological control of D. Opuntiae using novel isolates from the FIESC.
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Polymorphisms in entomopathogenic fusaria based on inter simple sequence repeats
Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Patricia Vieira Tiago, Ana Carla Silva Santos, Lílian Vieira Medeiros, Mariele Porto Carneiro Leão, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:ABSTRACTIsolates of Fusarium obtained from Dactylopius Opuntiae (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) demonstrated potential as biological control agents against that same insect, which is a pest on Opuntia ficus-indica L Miller. The isolates belong to two species complexes: Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti (FIESC – five species) and Fusarium fujikuroi (FFSC – one species). Twenty-eight isolates of these fungi were characterised using seven Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) primers. The UBC841 primer differentiated all the FIESC isolates studied and the single isolate of Fusarium pseudocircinatum O’Donnell & Nirenberg at a level greater than 90% similarity for the fragment sizes. The results indicated high genetic variability among those isolates, an important characteristic for biological control, increasing the chances of finding efficient fungi for insect control. The ISSR markers UBC834 and UBC841 were found to be efficient for characterising and differentiating (DNA fingerprinting) those fungi, and c...
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Controlling Dactylopius Opuntiae with Fusarium incarnatum–equiseti species complex and extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis
Journal of Pest Science, 2016Co-Authors: Ana Carla Silva Santos, Rafael Leão Soares Oliveira, Antonio Félix Da Costa, Patricia Vieira Tiago, Neiva Tinti De OliveiraAbstract:In northeast Brazil, the cactus Opuntia ficus - indica is a key species for feeding livestock. However, productivity has been reduced by the cochineal scale Dactylopius Opuntiae . Fusarium incarnatum - equiseti species complex (FIESC) strains obtained from D. Opuntiae show potential as biological control agents. Furthermore, the insecticidal action of entomopathogenic fungi can be enhanced when used in conjunction with insecticides of plant origin. This study aimed to verify the insecticidal action of extracts of Ricinus communis and Poincianella pyramidalis separately and in combination with FIESC isolates against D. Opuntiae . We evaluated the compatibility of FIESC 20-b isolates with aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis at w/v concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 %. The treatments used in the four bioassays against D. Opuntiae were selected using the Biological Index model. The aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis were compatible with some FIESC 20-b isolates. The corrected mortality values at different bioassays ranged from 61.23 to 100 %. The insecticide action resulting from the combination of the URM6778 isolate with aqueous extract of R. communis was the highest, producing 100 % mortality on D. Opuntiae . Our results indicate FIESC 20-b isolates and extracts of R. communis and P. pyramidalis are promising control agents for D. Opuntiae , a low-cost technology and environmentally friendly.
F. Guevara-lara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Expression of Ripening-Related Genes in Prickly Pear (Opuntia sp.) Fruits
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 2003Co-Authors: P. Collazo-siqués, M. E. Valverde, O. Paredes-lópez, F. Guevara-laraAbstract:To throw light on the expression of ripening-related genes in prickly pear ( Opuntia sp.) fruits and on the possible role of the gaseous hormone ethylene in nonclimacteric fruit ripening, cDNA fragments that showed high homologies with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase cDNAs from other plants were cloned and partially characterized. Thus, the corresponding genes were accordingly named opaccs-1 and opacco-1 , after Opuntia ACC synthase-1 and Opuntia ACC oxidase-1, respectively. Southern analysis suggests the presence of at least one copy of both genes, as well as other related homologous sequences in the Opuntia genome. Northern analysis of the opaccs-1 gene shows an enhanced expression in ripening fruit tissues, whereas opacco-1 expression is highly induced in ripe tissues with respect to the green fruits and mature cladodes. These results are in agreement with an active metabolic role of ethylene during nonclimacteric prickly pear fruit ripening. This is the first report on the analysis at the molecular level of ripening-related genes of the Opuntia genus.
