The Experts below are selected from a list of 75 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Stanka Rinkova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Kalpana Gopalan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • governance and design in infrastructure public private partnerships the indian experience with the bangalore international airport limited
    Social Science Research Network, 2013
    Co-Authors: Kalpana Gopalan
    Abstract:

    The presentation delivered at the Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation & Urban Planning, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. It explores the governance and process aspects of implementing infrastructure public private partnership mega projects in the Indian context.I. The MotivationPublic Private Partnerships are attracting considerable attention in both scholarly and policy discourses. Politicians, policy makers and researchers the world over are talking about them. Several industrial countries have adopted PPP arrangements. The World Bank estimates that the private sector financed about twenty percent of infrastructure investments in developing countries in the 1990s. The growing demand of a vocal public for better infrastructure services, coupled with constrained government budgets, has made PPPs an attractive public policy option. If PPPs are here to stay, we need to learn how to make them work. Academic scholarship has not addressed this imperative, and praxis is still grappling with it. My research proposes to use an integrative framework along with a case study approach to explore the characteristics and issues relating to an infrastructure public private partnership, and the policy processes and the institutional structures that will make the PPP an effective and appropriate policy instrument in the Indian context. II. Statement of PurposeHammersley states that all qualitative research should be "relevant to some legitimate public concern" (1992 p 680). The purpose of my study is to examine the characteristics and issues relating to infrastructure PPPs in the Indian context using an integrative framework and a case study design. My case study of the Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL) will involve three levels of analysis, the national context, the local context and the project level. The study will cover three broad thematic areas of PPPs: Public Interest and Accountability aspects, Private Efficiency and Profitability aspects, and Organizational and Policy Design aspects. Borrowing concepts from Public Policy, Economics, Organization Theory and Finance/Law, as well as a practical understanding of policy processes and political realities, I propose to prepare an integrative framework of critical issues relating to PPPs, using the experience of Bangalore International Airport and applying them to study the case. III. Critique of PPP literaturePPPs are an evolving concept, complicated by the fact that almost any type of public-private association goes by the name of PPP (Hodge & Greve, 2007). "Nobody knows what they are, yet everyone is talking about them" (Greve & Hodge, 2005, p. 3). Scholarship on Public Private Partnerships can be categorized into two groups: (a) conceptual pieces that deal with PPPs as an economic, and/or Organizational Entity (b) contextual descriptive case studies of particular projects or policies. The evolution of PPP literature was influenced by three factors: first, PPPs are still a nascent phenomenon in most countries, in particular developing economies; second, this is an area where, "theory is yet to catch up with practice" (Allan, 2001); third, PPPs have evoked interest in several disciplines, including economics, public policy, law, finance and organization theory. A large part of PPP literature is consequently devoted to understanding the concept, and studies are necessarily preliminary (Rosenau, 2000) (Gerrard, 2001) (Grimsey & Lewis, 2005) (Greve & Hodge, 2005). As PPP literature developed separately along conceptual and empirical traditions, with little cross-fertilization between the two, research became less grounded and more speculative in consequence. Second, though PPPs have evoked interest from several disciplines, each disciplinary tradition examines through its own lens and vocabulary, often resulting in a blinkered vision which ignores vital issues. The fit between theory and practice becomes elusive as the literature continues to follow these independent trajectories. Third, extant literature largely relates to developed economies, though PPP implications for developing economies are critical. Fourth, the sectoral and locational contextuality of PPPs is such that any study would be incomplete without an in-depth study of local governance processes and practices. Research which marries the theoretical concept of PPPs to the practice and process on the field, with a developing country focus and an integrative cross-disciplinary framework is therefore essential. This is the gap I propose to fill. IV. Research Questions- How can we use governance and organization design to achieve public interest and private efficiency in a public private partnership in the Indian context? Sub-questions: - What is the context?- Who are the actors?- Which are the institutions?- How -- by what procedures and processes -- do the context, actors and institutions interface with one another?- How can design and governance elements be used to achieve the desired objective? V. Guiding Propositions- The Effective Implementation of Public Private Partnerships Requires a Shift of Focus -- from Project to Process, that is, from an approach which is primarily concerned with completing a project within time and cost constraints to an approach which emphasizes the means, stages, pre-conditions, antecedents, and the consequences of project completion and delivery.- Public Private Partnerships require a second Shift of Focus-from the Firm (SPV) to the Partnership, that is, the partnership becomes the institution.- Public Private Partnerships require a Broadening of Our Notion of Governance-from the Dyadic Engagement between the Public and Private Partners and Intra-Organizational Governance Mechanisms to Domain-based Governance, Engagement with Society and Citizenry and Inter-Organizational Mechanisms.VI. Research MethodMy choice of a qualitative paradigm and embedded case study design is motivated by the following reasons: - Research problem is a public policy issue subject to multiple views and interpretations.- The handling of the issue and the perceptions surrounding it are largely context bound.- Sourcing of data is personal (through interviews). - Phenomenon of PPPs is nascent and hence there is an exploratory quality to the research.- Research attempts an answer to the ‘how’ question.- Researcher has little control over the events.- Focus is on a contemporary phenomenon in a real life context. - Direct observation of events is possible through media and discussion. - Illuminates a set of public policy decisions. VII. Potential ContributionTo Practice: Provides a framework for the analysis and evaluation of PPPs that will be a useful tool for policymakers; Addresses issues of process and design which will be useful for implementers; Introduces clarity on objectives, roles and responsibility for each agent; Enhances our preparedness for implementing future PPPs.To Literature: Provides an Integrative Cross-disciplinary Perspective on PPPs; Bring Theory Closer to Praxis; An India-oriented Study.

David Alan Sklansky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • not your father s police department making sense of the new demographics of law enforcement
    Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology, 2006
    Co-Authors: David Alan Sklansky
    Abstract:

    Several decades ago, when social scientists were discovering the police, and the Supreme Court was beginning to construct the modern law of criminal procedure, American law enforcement was structured roughly the same way it is today. Policing was largely a local responsibility. Departments were organized hierarchically and quasi-militarily. Line officers exercised wide discretion. Patrol and detective functions were separated, and most officers were assigned to patrol. Detectives, like supervisors, started out as patrol officers and were promoted from within. The critical operational unit was the squad: a handful of line officers supervised by a sergeant, or in the case of detectives, by a lieutenant. Officers generally began police work when young and made it their career. All of this remains true today. "As a legal and Organizational Entity," David Garland is right to observe, "the public police look much the same today as they did thirty years ago."1

François Fourcade - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The innovation Domain : A new Organizational Entity to enhance breakthrough innovation at a first tier supplier
    2006
    Co-Authors: Sihem Ben Mahmoud-jouini, Florence Charue-duboc, François Fourcade
    Abstract:

    Innovation management among first-tier suppliers in the automotive industry has become more important and more difficult. Manufacturers expect them to take the initiative and offer innovative solutions. But in the same time, introducing innovations in new vehicles has become more difficult in development processes with shorter timeframes. Several research work have also highlighted obstacles to innovation in large firms. Our contribution is based on the analysis of an Organizational Entity structured by a first-tier supplier in an effort to promote its growth through innovation. We formulate the challenge facing the first tier suppliers in terms of the traditional opposition between incremental innovation and radical innovation and component innovation versus architectural innovation. We discuss the concept of ambidextrous organization, (Duncan 1976, Tushman et O'Reilly 1997) that stresses the importance of developing separate structures so that these various innovations can coexist. We further characterize the ambidextrous Organizational model, in focusing on how integration between these separate Entity is managed. Our thesis is that this integration takes place at the level of cross-division processes which are of high strategic importance and in which managers of units dedicated at breakthrough innovation play a key role.

Sebastian Kremser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • knowledge sharing in new Organizational entities the impact of hierarchy Organizational context micro politics and suspicion
    Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 2011
    Co-Authors: Martin Friesl, Sonja Sackmann, Sebastian Kremser
    Abstract:

    Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamics involved in knowledge sharing in knowledge intensive heterogeneous teams of the German Federal Armed Forces with a specific focus on new Organizational entities.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on qualitative research. The data were gathered through interviews with members of so‐called concept development and experimentation (CD&E) projects. These projects constitute a novelty for the whole organization and a cultural challenge for effective knowledge sharing, through its cross‐disciplinary, cross‐functional and cross‐hierarchical design. Hence, these projects are a good venue to study cultural dynamics in new Organizational entities.Findings – The analysis reveals that despite the structural separation of the new Organizational Entity, cultural imprint and cultural re‐import from the existing organization affected knowledge sharing. More specifically, four major influencing factors are identified in regard to knowledge sha...