The Experts below are selected from a list of 2268 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hiroshi Takayanagi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Overview of Osteoimmunology
Calcified Tissue International, 2018Co-Authors: Asuka Terashima, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:Aberrant or prolonged immune responses often affect bone metabolism. The investigation on bone destruction observed in autoimmune arthritis contributed to the development of research area on effect of the immune system on bone. A number of reports on bone phenotypes of immunocompromised mice indicate that the immune and skeletal systems share various molecules, including transcription factors, signaling molecules, and membrane receptors, suggesting the interplay between the two systems. Furthermore, much attention has been paid to the modulation of immune cells, including hematopoietic progenitor cells, by bone cells in the bone marrow. Thus, Osteoimmunology which deals with the crosstalk and shared mechanisms of the bone and immune systems became the conceptual framework fundamental to a proper understanding of both systems and the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Chapter 16 – Osteoimmunology
Genetics of Bone Biology and Skeletal Disease, 2018Co-Authors: Kazuo Okamoto, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:The immune and bone systems share a number of regulatory molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone is a component of the skeletal-locomotor system but also serves as an immunological organ that harbors hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Osteoimmunology has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that explores the shared mechanisms and cross talk between the immune and bone systems under both physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, the importance of an inseparable link between the two systems has been highlighted by studies on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in which pathogenic helper T cell subsets, such as IL-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells, induce bone erosion through aberrant RANKL expression. The concept of Osteoimmunology provides not only a novel framework for understanding these biological systems but also a scientific basis for future pharmacological intervention into diseases related to bone and/or the immune system.
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chapter 16 Osteoimmunology
Genetics of Bone Biology and Skeletal Disease (Second Edition), 2018Co-Authors: Kazuo Okamoto, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:The immune and bone systems share a number of regulatory molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone is a component of the skeletal-locomotor system but also serves as an immunological organ that harbors hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Osteoimmunology has emerged as an interdisciplinary field that explores the shared mechanisms and cross talk between the immune and bone systems under both physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, the importance of an inseparable link between the two systems has been highlighted by studies on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in which pathogenic helper T cell subsets, such as IL-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells, induce bone erosion through aberrant RANKL expression. The concept of Osteoimmunology provides not only a novel framework for understanding these biological systems but also a scientific basis for future pharmacological intervention into diseases related to bone and/or the immune system.
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Osteoimmunology: The Conceptual Framework Unifying the Immune and Skeletal Systems
Physiological reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Kazuo Okamoto, Tomoki Nakashima, Noriko Komatsu, Asuka Terashima, Masahiro Shinohara, Takako Negishi-koga, Shinichiro Sawa, Takeshi Nitta, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:The immune and skeletal systems share a variety of molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, hormones, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone cells interact with immune cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Osteoimmunology was created as a new interdisciplinary field in large part to highlight the shared molecules and reciprocal interactions between the two systems in both heath and disease. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) plays an essential role not only in the development of immune organs and bones, but also in autoimmune diseases affecting bone, thus effectively comprising the molecule that links the two systems. Here we review the function, gene regulation, and signal transduction of osteoimmune molecules, including RANKL, in the context of osteoclastogenesis as well as multiple other regulatory functions. Osteoimmunology has become indispensable for understanding the pathogenesis of a number of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We review the various osteoimmune pathologies, including the bone destruction in RA, in which pathogenic helper T cell subsets [such as IL-17-expressing helper T (Th17) cells] induce bone erosion through aberrant RANKL expression. We also focus on cellular interactions and the identification of the communication factors in the bone marrow, discussing the contribution of bone cells to the maintenance and regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells. Thus the time has come for a basic reappraisal of the framework for understanding both the immune and bone systems. The concept of a unified osteoimmune system will be absolutely indispensable for basic and translational approaches to diseases related to bone and/or the immune system.
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Osteoimmunology in Bone Fracture Healing.
Current osteoporosis reports, 2017Co-Authors: Takehito Ono, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:Purpose of Review In the process of bone fracture healing, inflammation is thought to be an essential process that precedes bone formation and remodeling. We review recent studies on bone fracture healing from an osteoimmunological point of view.
Tomoki Nakashima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Osteoimmunology: The Conceptual Framework Unifying the Immune and Skeletal Systems
Physiological reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Kazuo Okamoto, Tomoki Nakashima, Noriko Komatsu, Asuka Terashima, Masahiro Shinohara, Takako Negishi-koga, Shinichiro Sawa, Takeshi Nitta, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:The immune and skeletal systems share a variety of molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, hormones, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone cells interact with immune cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Osteoimmunology was created as a new interdisciplinary field in large part to highlight the shared molecules and reciprocal interactions between the two systems in both heath and disease. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) plays an essential role not only in the development of immune organs and bones, but also in autoimmune diseases affecting bone, thus effectively comprising the molecule that links the two systems. Here we review the function, gene regulation, and signal transduction of osteoimmune molecules, including RANKL, in the context of osteoclastogenesis as well as multiple other regulatory functions. Osteoimmunology has become indispensable for understanding the pathogenesis of a number of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We review the various osteoimmune pathologies, including the bone destruction in RA, in which pathogenic helper T cell subsets [such as IL-17-expressing helper T (Th17) cells] induce bone erosion through aberrant RANKL expression. We also focus on cellular interactions and the identification of the communication factors in the bone marrow, discussing the contribution of bone cells to the maintenance and regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells. Thus the time has come for a basic reappraisal of the framework for understanding both the immune and bone systems. The concept of a unified osteoimmune system will be absolutely indispensable for basic and translational approaches to diseases related to bone and/or the immune system.
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Osteoclast biology and Osteoimmunology
Nihon Rinsho Men'eki Gakkai kaishi = Japanese journal of clinical immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Tomoki NakashimaAbstract:The bony skeleton enables the locomotive activity, the storage of calcium, and the harboring of the hematopoietic stem cells from which blood and immune cells are derived. The immune and skeletal systems share various molecules including cytokines, signaling molecules, transcription factors and membrane receptors. Investigation into rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as well as cloning of RANKL and various bone phenotypes found in immune-compromised gene deficient mice has highlighted the importance of the dynamic interplay between the both systems. These findings have recently led to both the emergence and subsequent rapid evolution of the field of Osteoimmunology. The scope of Osteoimmunology has been extended to encompass a wide range of molecular and cellular interactions, the elucidation of which will provide a scientific basis for future therapeutic approaches to diseases related to the immune and skeletal systems.
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New Insights Into Osteoclastogenic Signaling Mechanisms
Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, 2012Co-Authors: Tomoki Nakashima, Mikihito Hayashi, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:Bone is continuously renewed through a dynamic balance between bone resorption and formation. This process is the fundamental basis for the maintenance of normal bone mass and architecture. Osteoclasts play a crucial role in both physiological and pathological bone resorption, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is the key cytokine that induces osteoclastogenesis. Here we summarize the recent advances in the understanding of osteoclastogenic signaling by focusing on the investigation of RANKL signaling and RANKL-expressing cells in the context of Osteoimmunology. The context afforded by Osteoimmunology will provide a scientific basis for future therapeutic approaches to diseases related to the skeletal and immune systems.
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New regulation mechanisms of osteoclast differentiation
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2011Co-Authors: Tomoki Nakashima, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:Osteoclasts play a crucial role in both physiological and pathological bone resorption. It is, thus, of compelling importance to understand the molecular mechanisms of osteoclast regulation. Because receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is the key cytokine that induces osteoclast differentiation, we have focused on the investigation of RANKL signaling and RANKL-expressing cells. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the understanding of osteoclastogenic signaling and the cells that express RANKL in the context of Osteoimmunology. The scope of Osteoimmunology has been extended to now encompass a wide range of molecular and cellular interactions, and its framework provides a scientific basis for future therapeutic approaches to diseases related to the bone and/or immune systems.
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RANKL signal and Osteoimmunology
Clinical calcium, 2011Co-Authors: Tomoki Nakashima, Hiroshi TakayanagiAbstract:The bony skeleton enables the locomotive activity, the storage of calcium, and the harboring of the hematopoietic stem cells from which blood and immune cells are derived. The immune and skeletal systems share various molecules including cytokines, signaling molecules, transcription factors and membrane receptors. Investigation into rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as well as cloning of RANKL and various bone phenotypes found in immune-compromised gene deficient mice has highlighted the importance of the dynamic interplay between the both systems. These findings have recently led to both the emergence and subsequent rapid evolution of the field of Osteoimmunology. The scope of Osteoimmunology has been extended to encompass a wide range of molecular and cellular interactions, the elucidation of which will provide a scientific basis for future therapeutic approaches to diseases related to the immune and skeletal systems.
Reinhard Gruber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Osteoimmunology: Inflammatory osteolysis and regeneration of the alveolar bone.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2019Co-Authors: Reinhard GruberAbstract:Aim Osteoimmunology covers the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for inflammatory osteolysis that culminates in the degradation of alveolar bone. Osteoimmunology also focuses on the interplay of immune cells with bone cells during bone remodelling and regeneration. The aim of this review was to provide insights into how Osteoimmunology affects alveolar bone health and disease. Method This review is based on a narrative approach to assemble mouse models that provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms causing inflammatory osteolysis and on the impact of immune cells on alveolar bone regeneration. Results Mouse models have revealed the molecular pathways by which microbial and other factors activate immune cells that initiate an inflammatory response. The inflammation-induced alveolar bone loss occurs with the concomitant suppression of bone formation. Mouse models also showed that immune cells contribute to the resolution of inflammation and bone regeneration, even though studies with a focus on alveolar socket healing are rare. Conclusions Considering that Osteoimmunology is evolutionarily conserved, osteolysis removes the cause of inflammation by provoking tooth loss. The impact of immune cells on bone regeneration is presumably a way to reinitiate the developmental mechanisms of intramembranous and endochondral bone formation.
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Osteoimmunology: Inflammatory osteolysis and regeneration of the alveolar bone.
Journal of clinical periodontology, 2019Co-Authors: Reinhard GruberAbstract:Osteoimmunology covers the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for inflammatory osteolysis that culminates in the degradation of alveolar bone. Osteoimmunology also focuses on the interplay of immune cells with bone cells during bone remodelling and regeneration. The aim of this review was to provide insights into how Osteoimmunology affects alveolar bone health and disease. This review is based on a narrative approach to assemble mouse models that provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms causing inflammatory osteolysis and on the impact of immune cells on alveolar bone regeneration. Mouse models have revealed the molecular pathways by which microbial and other factors activate immune cells that initiate an inflammatory response. The inflammation-induced alveolar bone loss occurs with the concomitant suppression of bone formation. Mouse models also showed that immune cells contribute to the resolution of inflammation and bone regeneration, even though studies with a focus on alveolar socket healing are rare. Considering that Osteoimmunology is evolutionarily conserved, osteolysis removes the cause of inflammation by provoking tooth loss. The impact of immune cells on bone regeneration is presumably a way to reinitiate the developmental mechanisms of intramembranous and endochondral bone formation. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Cell biology of Osteoimmunology
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 2010Co-Authors: Reinhard GruberAbstract:Osteoimmunology is defined as the research area focusing on the crosstalk between the immune system and the muskoskeletal system. After nearly a decade of research, we are now beginning to understand the basic principles of this crosstalk. It seems that almost all immune cells are capable of communicating with osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their respective progenitors – and vice versa. Diseases that fall into the category of Osteoimmunology including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontal disease are of particular significance considering their implications in quality of life, their increased incidence in the population, and socioeconomic issues. To better understand the underlying pathogenesis, the main pathways of the crosstalk between the immune system and the muskoskeletal system need to be uncovered. Our current understanding has already provided the scientific basis for the development of targeted therapies. However, the challenge of future studies is to further decipher this crosstalk at cellular and molecular levels. Osteoimmunologie definiert einen Forschungsbereich mit dem Schwerpunkt der Kommunikation zwischen dem Immunsystem und dem muskuloskeletalen System. Wir stehen erst am Beginn, die grundlegenden Prinzipien dieser zellulären Kommunikation zu verstehen. Es scheint, dass nahezu alle Immunzellen in der Lage sind, mit Osteoblasten, Osteoklasten und deren Vorläuferzellen zu kommunizieren – und vice versa. Osteoporose, rheumatoide Arthritis und Parodontitis zählen zu den Erkrankungen, deren Pathogenese im Zusammenhang mit der Osteoimmunologie steht, insgesamt Krankheiten mit hohem Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität und mit zunehmender sozioökonomischer Bedeutung. Zum besseren Verständnis der Pathogenese müssen die Hauptwege der Kommunikation zwischen dem Immunsystem und dem muskuloskeletalen System erkannt werden. Unser bisheriges Verständnis schaffte bereits die wissenschaftliche Grundlage für die Entwicklung gezielter Therapien. Allerdings sind weitere Entschlüsselungen dieser Kommunikationen auf zellulärer und molekularer Ebene notwendig und bleiben eine Herausforderung.
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Cell biology of Osteoimmunology.
Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2010Co-Authors: Reinhard GruberAbstract:Osteoimmunology is defined as the research area focusing on the crosstalk between the immune system and the muskoskeletal system. After nearly a decade of research, we are now beginning to understand the basic principles of this crosstalk. It seems that almost all immune cells are capable of communicating with osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their respective progenitors - and vice versa. Diseases that fall into the category of Osteoimmunology including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontal disease are of particular significance considering their implications in quality of life, their increased incidence in the population, and socioeconomic issues. To better understand the underlying pathogenesis, the main pathways of the crosstalk between the immune system and the muskoskeletal system need to be uncovered. Our current understanding has already provided the scientific basis for the development of targeted therapies. However, the challenge of future studies is to further decipher this crosstalk at cellular and molecular levels.
Volker Von Baehr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Osteoimmunology of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, and RANTES/CCL5: a review of known and poorly understood inflammatory patterns in osteonecrosis.
Clinical cosmetic and investigational dentistry, 2018Co-Authors: Johann Lechner, Tatjana Rudi, Volker Von BaehrAbstract:Background The immune and bone systems are closely linked via cytokine cross-talk. This interdisciplinary field of research is referred to as Osteoimmunology and pertains to inflammatory and osteoarticular diseases that feature the primary expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6. Objective Are there bone resorptive processes wherein chronic inflammatory conditions are not linked to TNF-α and IL-6 expression, but rather to the expression of other cytokines? Materials and methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed Central. Discussion Although all diseases with cytokines involved in bone resorption (TNF-α and IL-6) are at the forefront of destructive inflammatory processes, there is one exception in the literature: fatty oxide osteoporosis/osteolysis in the jawbone (FDOJ), which is associated with significant bone softening. However, it should be noted that TNF-α and IL-6 fall below the levels found in a healthy jawbone in this condition. Another conspicuous finding is that there is a nearly 35-fold overexpression of the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 (R/C) in all FDOJ cases studied thus far in the literature. Conclusion FDOJ appears to represent a unique cytokine and inflammatory pattern from osteolysis in the body. R/C can be defined as the dominant carrier of a "maxillomandibular Osteoimmunology".
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Osteoimmunology of tumor necrosis factor alpha il 6 and rantes ccl5 a review of known and poorly understood inflammatory patterns in osteonecrosis
Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry, 2018Co-Authors: Johann Lechner, Tatjana Rudi, Volker Von BaehrAbstract:Background The immune and bone systems are closely linked via cytokine cross-talk. This interdisciplinary field of research is referred to as Osteoimmunology and pertains to inflammatory and osteoarticular diseases that feature the primary expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6. Objective Are there bone resorptive processes wherein chronic inflammatory conditions are not linked to TNF-α and IL-6 expression, but rather to the expression of other cytokines? Materials and methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed Central. Discussion Although all diseases with cytokines involved in bone resorption (TNF-α and IL-6) are at the forefront of destructive inflammatory processes, there is one exception in the literature: fatty oxide osteoporosis/osteolysis in the jawbone (FDOJ), which is associated with significant bone softening. However, it should be noted that TNF-α and IL-6 fall below the levels found in a healthy jawbone in this condition. Another conspicuous finding is that there is a nearly 35-fold overexpression of the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 (R/C) in all FDOJ cases studied thus far in the literature. Conclusion FDOJ appears to represent a unique cytokine and inflammatory pattern from osteolysis in the body. R/C can be defined as the dominant carrier of a "maxillomandibular Osteoimmunology".
Johann Lechner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Osteoimmunology of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, and RANTES/CCL5: a review of known and poorly understood inflammatory patterns in osteonecrosis.
Clinical cosmetic and investigational dentistry, 2018Co-Authors: Johann Lechner, Tatjana Rudi, Volker Von BaehrAbstract:Background The immune and bone systems are closely linked via cytokine cross-talk. This interdisciplinary field of research is referred to as Osteoimmunology and pertains to inflammatory and osteoarticular diseases that feature the primary expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6. Objective Are there bone resorptive processes wherein chronic inflammatory conditions are not linked to TNF-α and IL-6 expression, but rather to the expression of other cytokines? Materials and methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed Central. Discussion Although all diseases with cytokines involved in bone resorption (TNF-α and IL-6) are at the forefront of destructive inflammatory processes, there is one exception in the literature: fatty oxide osteoporosis/osteolysis in the jawbone (FDOJ), which is associated with significant bone softening. However, it should be noted that TNF-α and IL-6 fall below the levels found in a healthy jawbone in this condition. Another conspicuous finding is that there is a nearly 35-fold overexpression of the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 (R/C) in all FDOJ cases studied thus far in the literature. Conclusion FDOJ appears to represent a unique cytokine and inflammatory pattern from osteolysis in the body. R/C can be defined as the dominant carrier of a "maxillomandibular Osteoimmunology".
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Osteoimmunology of tumor necrosis factor alpha il 6 and rantes ccl5 a review of known and poorly understood inflammatory patterns in osteonecrosis
Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry, 2018Co-Authors: Johann Lechner, Tatjana Rudi, Volker Von BaehrAbstract:Background The immune and bone systems are closely linked via cytokine cross-talk. This interdisciplinary field of research is referred to as Osteoimmunology and pertains to inflammatory and osteoarticular diseases that feature the primary expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6. Objective Are there bone resorptive processes wherein chronic inflammatory conditions are not linked to TNF-α and IL-6 expression, but rather to the expression of other cytokines? Materials and methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed Central. Discussion Although all diseases with cytokines involved in bone resorption (TNF-α and IL-6) are at the forefront of destructive inflammatory processes, there is one exception in the literature: fatty oxide osteoporosis/osteolysis in the jawbone (FDOJ), which is associated with significant bone softening. However, it should be noted that TNF-α and IL-6 fall below the levels found in a healthy jawbone in this condition. Another conspicuous finding is that there is a nearly 35-fold overexpression of the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 (R/C) in all FDOJ cases studied thus far in the literature. Conclusion FDOJ appears to represent a unique cytokine and inflammatory pattern from osteolysis in the body. R/C can be defined as the dominant carrier of a "maxillomandibular Osteoimmunology".
