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Stéphane Davail - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Inter genotype differences in expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism in the establishment of hepatic steatosis in Muscovy, Pekin and mule ducks
Molecular Biology Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Annabelle Tavernier, Stéphane Davail, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Marianne Houssier, Karine Ricaud, Karine GontierAbstract:In waterfowls, overfeeding leads to a hepatic steatosis, also called "foie gras". Our main objectives were to determine what is the share of genes involvement of glucose metabolism in the establishment of fatty liver in three genotypes of waterfowls: Muscovy (Cairina moschata), Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and their crossbreed, the mule duck. 288 male ducks of Pekin, Muscovy and mule genotypes were reared until weeks 12 and overfed between weeks 12 and 14. We analysed gene expression at the beginning, the middle and the end of the overfeeding period in different tissues. We have shown an upregulation of glucose transporters (GLUT) in peripheral tissues (pectoralis major or adipose tissue) in Pekin ducks. In addition, GLUT2 was not found in jejunal mucosa and another GLUT seems to replace it 3 h after the meal: GLUT3. Mule ducks upregulating GLUT3 earlier compared to Pekin ducks. However, these results need further investigations. In liver, globally, Pekin ducks exhibit the highest expression of GLUT or enzymes implicated in glycolysis. The few significant variations of gene expressions in glucose metabolism between these three genotypes and the momentary specific overexpression of GLUT do not allow us to detect a lot of specific genotype differences. To conclude, the differences in response to overfeeding of Pekin, Muscovy and mule ducks, for the establishment of hepatic steatosis, cannot be only explained by the glucose metabolism at transcriptomic level.
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Insulin effect on lipogenesis and fat reserve distribution in three genetic types of ducks during overfeeding
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 2013Co-Authors: Karine Gontier, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Jean-marc Andre, Karine Ricaud, Stéphane DavailAbstract:In waterfowl, the response to overfeeding differs from one genotype to the other. Pekin ducks generally store lipids in the peripheral tissues while Muscovy and mule ducks promote hepatic lipid storage. A possible reason for these various susceptibilities to hepatic steatosis could be a difference in insulin sensitivity. We suggest a resistance to insulin in Pekin ducks. In the present work we investigate the action of insulin on glucose and lipid metabolisms for the three overfed genotypes. Regardless of the kind of genotype, all ducks appear to be sensitive to insulin: their glycemia is lower when the animals are treated with insulin. Insulin-treated Muscovy and Pekin ducks present a lower increase in total body weight (− 16.5% for Muscovy; − 8.3% for Pekin); and a significantly lower liver weight than the controls (− 9.6% and − 18.3%). The percentage of total lipids in the liver is higher in the controls than in the insulin-treated Pekin and mule ducks (respectively − 40.4% and − 34.7%), which means a decreased hepatic lipogenesis. Pekin ducks present a higher pectoral muscle weight when the individuals are insulin-treated (+ 9.7%). Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity appears to be significantly higher in insulin-treated Pekin and Muscovy ducks (1.39 and 3.38 times greater than controls). Insulin-treated mule ducks present a decrease of muscle and abdominal lipid storage compared to controls (− 11.6% and − 13.8%). In this experiment, exogenous insulin has induced an increase of lipid oxidation and has led to a less favorable use and storage of dietary glucose. The hypothesis of insulin-resistance of Pekin ducks is not verified
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Fractional apoB-VLDL hepatic synthesis rate in Muscovy and Pekin ducks fed ad libitum
Archiv für Geflügelkunde Archives de Science Avicole Archives of Poultry Science, 2012Co-Authors: Gladys Saez, Elisabeth Baeza, Stéphane Davail, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Isabelle Savary-auzeloux, Delphine Durand, Dominique Bauchart, Dominique GruffatAbstract:Muscovy duck has a higher ability to develop hepatic steatosis than Pekin duck. This could result from a lower ability of liver to secrete lipids and lipoproteins. To test this hypothesis, we measured the liver apoB-VLDL secretion in Muscovy and Pekin ducks ad libitum -fed by injecting a flooding dose of [1-13C]-valine. In a first experiment, we found that the delay required for the secretion of apoB by the liver was similar for Muscovy and Pekin ducks (25 min, approximatively). In a second study, the liver ability for apoB synthesis and secretion in both species was assessed in vivo 55 min after the injection of the flooding dose of [1-13C]-valine. The fractional apoB-VLDL synthesis rateswas similar for Muscovy and Pekin ducks ( P = 0.449). However, TG concentration measured in plasma VLDL 3 h after the last meal was higher in Pekin ducks than in Muscovy ducks. Pekin duck seemed to limit the accumulation of lipids in liver by increasing the TG content in VLDL withoutincreasing apoB secretion. Consequently, plasma lipids couldparticipate to the higher lipid deposition in adipose and muscle tissues. However, the concentration of TG-VLDL in plasma results from a balance between liver secretion, peripheral tissue uptake and liver uptake. These last mechanisms require further investigation.
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Gene expression and protein content in relation to intramuscular fat content in Muscovy and Pekin ducks
Poultry Science, 2009Co-Authors: Gladys Saez, Jean-françois Hocquette, Stéphane Davail, Geneviève Gentes, Tony Jourdan, Pascal Degrace, Elisabeth BaezaAbstract:Independent of their nutritional condition, Pekin ducks always exhibit higher i.m. fat content than Muscovy ducks. To understand this difference between species, the expression level of genes involved in lipid metabolism was analyzed in the pectoralis major muscle of Pekin and Muscovy ducks ad libitum-fed or overfed. The lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene expression was not different between species and not influenced by overfeeding. The protein content for LPL was higher in Pekin ducks than in Muscovy ducks when birds were ad libitum-fed, whereas in overfed ducks, we found no difference between species. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) gene expression and protein content were higher in Pekin ducks than in Muscovy ducks for each nutritional condition (suggesting a higher intracellular transport within i.m. adipocytes of fatty acids mainly provided by liver for this species). Overfeeding did not affect the expression of genes involved in oxidation [carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A), cytochrome-c oxidase 4 (COX4), succinyl-coenzyme A:3-ketoacid coenzyme A transferase (SCOT)] but increased the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) involved in lipogenesis. For all nutritional conditions, Pekin duck exhibited higher expression levels of CPT1A, COX4, SCOT, and FAS than Muscovy ducks. Results for mRNA SCOT suggested that the muscles of Pekin ducks use ketone bodies as an energy source. In conclusion, i.m. lipogenesis could contribute to the i.m. fat, particularly in Pekin ducks.
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Is the hepatic metabolism of glucose and linoleic acid influenced by species in overfed ducks?
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Gladys Saez, Elisabeth Baeza, Stéphane Davail, Dominique Bauchart, Denis Durand, Dominique GruffatAbstract:There are genetic differences in the hepatic glucose and linoleic acid metabolisms between Muscovy and Pekin ducks ad libitum-fed. To understand the effect of overfeeding on the hepatic metabolisms in these two species of ducks, we compared the different pathways of glucose and linoleic acid reaching the liver of Muscovy (Cairina moschata) (n=6) and Pekin (Anas platyrhynchos) (n=6) ducks overfed for 1 week and sacrificed 2-4 h after their last meal by using the ex vivo method of liver slices incubated for 16 h with [U-(14)C]-glucose, [1-(14)C]-linoleic acid and [(35)S]-methionine added to the survival medium. The glucose was the main precursor of triacylglycerol synthesis in the liver of these two species and its hepatic metabolism was similar between species. The hepatic uptake of linoleic acid was 1.7-fold higher (P=0.020) in the Muscovy duck than in the Pekin duck leading to a 1.9-fold higher (P=0.017) esterification of this fatty acid in the liver of the Muscovy duck than in that of the Pekin duck. Finally, both species after I week of overfeeding exhibited the same capacity to secrete VLDL remaining insufficient to avoid hepatic steatosis. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Marie Dominique Bernadet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Inter genotype differences in expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism in the establishment of hepatic steatosis in Muscovy, Pekin and mule ducks
Molecular Biology Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Annabelle Tavernier, Stéphane Davail, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Marianne Houssier, Karine Ricaud, Karine GontierAbstract:In waterfowls, overfeeding leads to a hepatic steatosis, also called "foie gras". Our main objectives were to determine what is the share of genes involvement of glucose metabolism in the establishment of fatty liver in three genotypes of waterfowls: Muscovy (Cairina moschata), Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and their crossbreed, the mule duck. 288 male ducks of Pekin, Muscovy and mule genotypes were reared until weeks 12 and overfed between weeks 12 and 14. We analysed gene expression at the beginning, the middle and the end of the overfeeding period in different tissues. We have shown an upregulation of glucose transporters (GLUT) in peripheral tissues (pectoralis major or adipose tissue) in Pekin ducks. In addition, GLUT2 was not found in jejunal mucosa and another GLUT seems to replace it 3 h after the meal: GLUT3. Mule ducks upregulating GLUT3 earlier compared to Pekin ducks. However, these results need further investigations. In liver, globally, Pekin ducks exhibit the highest expression of GLUT or enzymes implicated in glycolysis. The few significant variations of gene expressions in glucose metabolism between these three genotypes and the momentary specific overexpression of GLUT do not allow us to detect a lot of specific genotype differences. To conclude, the differences in response to overfeeding of Pekin, Muscovy and mule ducks, for the establishment of hepatic steatosis, cannot be only explained by the glucose metabolism at transcriptomic level.
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Insulin effect on lipogenesis and fat reserve distribution in three genetic types of ducks during overfeeding
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 2013Co-Authors: Karine Gontier, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Jean-marc Andre, Karine Ricaud, Stéphane DavailAbstract:In waterfowl, the response to overfeeding differs from one genotype to the other. Pekin ducks generally store lipids in the peripheral tissues while Muscovy and mule ducks promote hepatic lipid storage. A possible reason for these various susceptibilities to hepatic steatosis could be a difference in insulin sensitivity. We suggest a resistance to insulin in Pekin ducks. In the present work we investigate the action of insulin on glucose and lipid metabolisms for the three overfed genotypes. Regardless of the kind of genotype, all ducks appear to be sensitive to insulin: their glycemia is lower when the animals are treated with insulin. Insulin-treated Muscovy and Pekin ducks present a lower increase in total body weight (− 16.5% for Muscovy; − 8.3% for Pekin); and a significantly lower liver weight than the controls (− 9.6% and − 18.3%). The percentage of total lipids in the liver is higher in the controls than in the insulin-treated Pekin and mule ducks (respectively − 40.4% and − 34.7%), which means a decreased hepatic lipogenesis. Pekin ducks present a higher pectoral muscle weight when the individuals are insulin-treated (+ 9.7%). Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity appears to be significantly higher in insulin-treated Pekin and Muscovy ducks (1.39 and 3.38 times greater than controls). Insulin-treated mule ducks present a decrease of muscle and abdominal lipid storage compared to controls (− 11.6% and − 13.8%). In this experiment, exogenous insulin has induced an increase of lipid oxidation and has led to a less favorable use and storage of dietary glucose. The hypothesis of insulin-resistance of Pekin ducks is not verified
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Is ability to hepatic steatosis influenced by age at the beginning of the overfeeding period in Muscovy and Pekin ducks?
animal, 2013Co-Authors: Pascal Chartrin, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Melanie Sannier, Elisabeth BaezaAbstract:The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of species (Muscovy and Pekin ducks) and age at the beginning of the overfeeding period on fatty liver production, carcass composition and lipid and moisture content of the liver and breast muscle. We reared four groups of 40 ducks per species for the study, starting at 2-week intervals in order to have four different ages together at the beginning of the overfeeding period (10, 12, 14 and 16 weeks). At the end of the overfeeding period, all ducks were slaughtered. Our results confirmed the high levels of difference in carcass composition and lipid content in the plasma, liver and breast muscle between Muscovy and Pekin ducks at all ages. Pekin ducks were not able to develop a high degree of hepatic steatosis, but had increased lipid storage in peripheral adipose and muscle tissues than Muscovy ducks. However, the fatty liver weight of Pekin ducks increased with age, with lipid deposition in the liver and peripheral tissues. The ability of Muscovy ducks to produce fatty livers remained unchanged with age in line, with lipid deposition in the liver and peripheral tissues. The sites of lipid deposition thus depend on species and not on the physiological maturity of ducks.
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Fractional apoB-VLDL hepatic synthesis rate in Muscovy and Pekin ducks fed ad libitum
Archiv für Geflügelkunde Archives de Science Avicole Archives of Poultry Science, 2012Co-Authors: Gladys Saez, Elisabeth Baeza, Stéphane Davail, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Isabelle Savary-auzeloux, Delphine Durand, Dominique Bauchart, Dominique GruffatAbstract:Muscovy duck has a higher ability to develop hepatic steatosis than Pekin duck. This could result from a lower ability of liver to secrete lipids and lipoproteins. To test this hypothesis, we measured the liver apoB-VLDL secretion in Muscovy and Pekin ducks ad libitum -fed by injecting a flooding dose of [1-13C]-valine. In a first experiment, we found that the delay required for the secretion of apoB by the liver was similar for Muscovy and Pekin ducks (25 min, approximatively). In a second study, the liver ability for apoB synthesis and secretion in both species was assessed in vivo 55 min after the injection of the flooding dose of [1-13C]-valine. The fractional apoB-VLDL synthesis rateswas similar for Muscovy and Pekin ducks ( P = 0.449). However, TG concentration measured in plasma VLDL 3 h after the last meal was higher in Pekin ducks than in Muscovy ducks. Pekin duck seemed to limit the accumulation of lipids in liver by increasing the TG content in VLDL withoutincreasing apoB secretion. Consequently, plasma lipids couldparticipate to the higher lipid deposition in adipose and muscle tissues. However, the concentration of TG-VLDL in plasma results from a balance between liver secretion, peripheral tissue uptake and liver uptake. These last mechanisms require further investigation.
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influence of lipoprotein lipase activity on plasma triacylglycerol concentration and lipid storage in three genotypes of ducks
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2007Co-Authors: Jean-marc Andre, K Gontierlatonnelle, Marie Dominique Bernadet, B Davail, R Hooparis, Stéphane DavailAbstract:Abstract The lipoprotein-lipase (LPL) hydrolyses the triacylglycerols (TG) secreted by the liver and, thus, allows the storage of lipids onto the extrahepatic tissues. The LPL activity has been studied by injection of LPL antibodies in three genotypes of ducks (Muscovy ( Cairina moschat ), Pekin ( Anas plathyrhynchos ) and Mule (hybrids of male Muscovy ducks and female Pekin ducks)) under overfeeding condition. The results show a similar weight gain between injected and control animals. A higher liver steatosis is observed in Mule ducks (616 ± 18 g; 8.79% of body mass (BW)) and Muscovy ducks (514 ± 13 g; 7.05% BW) compared to Pekin ducks (353 ± 21 g; 5.89% BW, p p p
S.s. Hou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dietary threonine supplementation improves hepatic lipid metabolism of Pekin ducks
Animal Production Science, 2019Co-Authors: Y. Jiang, Z. G. Wen, Ming Xie, Shiyan Qiao, X. D. Liao, J. Tang, S.s. HouAbstract:The present study was conducted to evaluate the regulatory role of threonine (Thr) on hepatic lipid metabolism by determining the effects of dietary Thr concentration on lipid deposition and on genes related to lipid expression in the liver of Pekin duck. In total, 240 1-day-old ducklings were randomly allocated according to the average bodyweight to one of five dietary treatments with six replicate cages of eight birds per cage for each treatment. Birds were fed diets with 0.52%, 0.59%, 0.66%, 0.73% and 0.80% Thr (as-fed basis) from 1 to 21 days of age respectively. The results showed that dietary Thr supplementation increased average daily gain (P 0.05) on the concentration of hepatic cholesterol, and plasma amino acids and biochemical parameters of Pekin ducks. Moreover, Thr-unsupplemented control diet upregulated (P < 0.05) hepatic gene expression related to lipid uptake (fatty acid-binding protein, apolipoprotein A4, lipoprotein lipase), fatty acid synthesis (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, malic enzyme), fatty acid β-oxidation (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, fatty acyl– coenzyme A (CoA) oxidase), ketogenesis (hydroxymethylglutaryl–CoA synthase 1, and acetyl–CoA synthetase1), responsive genes to amino acid deficiency (general control non-derepressible 2 (GCN2), GCN1, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α, impact RWD domain protein (IMPACT)), and triglyceride transport (apolipoprotein B) of Pekin ducks. In addition, dietary Thr deficiency had no effect on the expression of stearoyl CoA desaturase, fatty acid synthase, and ATP–citrate lyase in the liver of Pekin ducks. It is suggested that dietary Thr supplementation improved hepatic lipid metabolism of Pekin ducks by regulating lipid synthesis, transport and oxidation.
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Interactions of dietary protein and threonine on growth performance in Pekin ducklings from 1 to 14 days of age.
Poultry science, 2018Co-Authors: Y. Jiang, M. Xie, Z. G. Wen, Shiyan Qiao, Yongwen Zhu, Tang Jing, S.s. HouAbstract:The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) on threonine requirements by determining the interactions of dietary CP levels (16.0, 17.5, 19.0, 20.5, and 22.0%) and supplemental threonine levels (0, 0.07, 0.14, 0.21, and 0.28%) on growth performance of Pekin ducks from 1 to 14 days of age. A total of 1,200 one-day-old male Pekin ducks was randomly allotted to 1 of 25 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens of 8 birds per pen for each treatment. The results showed that dietary CP and threonine levels affected the average daily feed intake (ADFI, P < 0.0001), average daily gain (ADG, P < 0.0001), ratio of feed/gain (F/G, P < 0.0001) of Pekin ducks, and had an interactions on the ADFI, ADG, F/G (P < 0.0001). The ADG was increased linearly (P < 0.002) and then reached a plateau as the dietary threonine increased at all CP diets. According to the estimation of broken-line models, the dietary threonine requirements at 16.0, 17.5, 19.0, 20.5, and 22.0% CP diets for optimal ADG of ducks were 0.56, 0.61, 0.60, 0.63, and 0.67% when expressed as percentage of diet, or 44.22, 47.65, 47.50, 48.30, and 50.39% when expressed as percentage of dietary lysine, or 3.45, 3.44, 3.12, 3.27, and 2.98% when expressed as percentage of dietary CP, respectively. Threonine requirements of Pekin ducks from 1 to 14 days of age were affected by dietary CP levels according to the Student t test results, but had no difference among the moderate CP level diets (17.5, 19, and 20.5%) when expressed as a percentage of diet or dietary lysine. It was concluded that dietary CP levels affected the threonine requirements of Pekin ducks from 1 to 14 days of age, but threonine requirements were constant within the limiting CP level range (17.5 to 20.5%) with a good balance of dietary amino acid, and were approximately 0.60 to 0.63% of diet or 47.5 to 48.3% of dietary lysine.
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Threonine supplementation reduces dietary protein and improves lipid metabolism in Pekin ducks
British poultry science, 2017Co-Authors: Y. Jiang, Z. G. Wen, John Yew Huat Tang, Ming Xie, Shiyan Qiao, S.s. HouAbstract:1. This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of threonine (Thr) supplementation on reducing dietary crude protein (CP) content and the effects of Thr on lipid metabolism in Pekin ducks. The effects of dietary CP concentration (160, 190 and 220 g/kg) and Thr supplemental concentration (0, 0.7, 1.4, 2.1 and 2.8 g/kg) on growth performance, carcass, liver lipid and plasma profiles were determined in Pekin ducks from 1-21 d of age. 2. A total of 720-d-old male Pekin ducks were randomly allotted to 1 of 15 dietary treatments with 6 replicate cages of 8 birds per cage for each treatment according to average body weight. 3. Dietary Thr supplementation improved growth performance and breast muscle percentage at all CP diets, and ducks fed Thr-supplemented diets had higher plasma concentrations of some plasma amino acids. Thr supplementation reduced the concentrations of total lipid, triglyceride, cholesterol in liver, and plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterin concentration at 160 and 190 g/kg CP, whereas it increased triglyceride concentration at 160 g/kg CP. 4. Thr requirements based on quadratic broken-line model estimation were 6.6 and 7.0 g/kg for optimal average daily gain (ADG), and 6.7 and 7.3 g/kg for breast muscle percentage of Pekin ducks from 1-21 d of age at 190 and 220 g/kg CP, respectively. The dietary Thr requirements and estimated ADG (55.18 vs. 55.86 g/d/bird) and breast muscle percentage (2.79% vs. 2.75%) of Pekin ducks did not differ between 190 and 220 g/kg CP according to the t-test results. 5. Dietary CP level could be reduced to 190 g/kg in Pekin ducks from 1-21 d of age with Thr supplementation to balance dietary amino acids, and Thr supplementation prevented excess liver lipid deposition in this instance.
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Choline requirements of male White Pekin ducks from 21 to 42 d of age
British poultry science, 2014Co-Authors: Z. G. Wen, Wei Huang, S.s. Hou, John Yew Huat Tang, Y. L. Feng, Y. M. Guo, Ming XieAbstract:Abstract1. A dose–response experiment with 6 dietary choline concentrations (0, 342, 779, 1285, 1662 and 1962 mg/kg) was conducted with male White Pekin ducks to estimate the choline requirement from 21 to 42 d of age.2. Ninety 21-d-old male White Pekin ducks were allotted to 6 dietary treatments, each containing 5 replicate pens with three birds per pen. At 42 d of age, final weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed/gain were measured. Liver was collected to determine total liver lipid, triglyceride and phospholipids.3. Significant positive effects of dietary choline on final weight, weight gain and feed intake were observed. In addition, dietary choline supplementation significantly decreased liver lipid and triglyceride content and increased liver phospholipids of Pekin ducks.4. According to broken-line regression analysis, the choline requirements of male White Pekin ducks from 21 to 42 d of age for weight gain, feed intake and total liver lipid were 980, 950 and 1130 mg/kg. Pekin ducks needed more c...
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Threonine requirement of White Pekin ducks from hatch to 21 d of age.
British poultry science, 2014Co-Authors: Ming Xie, W. Huang, Z. G. Wen, John Yew Huat Tang, L. Zhang, S.s. HouAbstract:Abstract1. A dose-response experiment with 5 dietary threonine concentrations (5.0, 5.8, 6.6, 7.4 and 8.2 g/kg) was conducted to estimate the threonine requirement of White Pekin ducks from hatch to 21 d of age.2. A total of 240 one-d-old male White Pekin ducks were allotted to 5 experimental treatments and each treatment contained 6 replicate pens with 8 ducks per pen. Ducks were reared in raised wire-floor pens from hatch to 21 d of age. At 21 d of age, growth performance and intestinal morphology were determined.3. The weight gain and feed intake of Pekin ducks increased and feed/gain of these birds decreased linearly or quadratically as dietary threonine increased from 5.0 to 8.2 g threonine/kg. Compared to ducks fed on diets containing 5.0 g threonine/kg, ducks given diets containing 7.4 g threonine/kg had higher villus height in duodenum, jejunum and ileum.4. The threonine requirements for weight gain of White Pekin ducks from hatch to 21 d of age was estimated to be 6.72 g/kg when dietary crude pro...
Jean-marc Andre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Insulin effect on lipogenesis and fat reserve distribution in three genetic types of ducks during overfeeding
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 2013Co-Authors: Karine Gontier, Marie Dominique Bernadet, Jean-marc Andre, Karine Ricaud, Stéphane DavailAbstract:In waterfowl, the response to overfeeding differs from one genotype to the other. Pekin ducks generally store lipids in the peripheral tissues while Muscovy and mule ducks promote hepatic lipid storage. A possible reason for these various susceptibilities to hepatic steatosis could be a difference in insulin sensitivity. We suggest a resistance to insulin in Pekin ducks. In the present work we investigate the action of insulin on glucose and lipid metabolisms for the three overfed genotypes. Regardless of the kind of genotype, all ducks appear to be sensitive to insulin: their glycemia is lower when the animals are treated with insulin. Insulin-treated Muscovy and Pekin ducks present a lower increase in total body weight (− 16.5% for Muscovy; − 8.3% for Pekin); and a significantly lower liver weight than the controls (− 9.6% and − 18.3%). The percentage of total lipids in the liver is higher in the controls than in the insulin-treated Pekin and mule ducks (respectively − 40.4% and − 34.7%), which means a decreased hepatic lipogenesis. Pekin ducks present a higher pectoral muscle weight when the individuals are insulin-treated (+ 9.7%). Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity appears to be significantly higher in insulin-treated Pekin and Muscovy ducks (1.39 and 3.38 times greater than controls). Insulin-treated mule ducks present a decrease of muscle and abdominal lipid storage compared to controls (− 11.6% and − 13.8%). In this experiment, exogenous insulin has induced an increase of lipid oxidation and has led to a less favorable use and storage of dietary glucose. The hypothesis of insulin-resistance of Pekin ducks is not verified
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influence of lipoprotein lipase activity on plasma triacylglycerol concentration and lipid storage in three genotypes of ducks
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2007Co-Authors: Jean-marc Andre, K Gontierlatonnelle, Marie Dominique Bernadet, B Davail, R Hooparis, Stéphane DavailAbstract:Abstract The lipoprotein-lipase (LPL) hydrolyses the triacylglycerols (TG) secreted by the liver and, thus, allows the storage of lipids onto the extrahepatic tissues. The LPL activity has been studied by injection of LPL antibodies in three genotypes of ducks (Muscovy ( Cairina moschat ), Pekin ( Anas plathyrhynchos ) and Mule (hybrids of male Muscovy ducks and female Pekin ducks)) under overfeeding condition. The results show a similar weight gain between injected and control animals. A higher liver steatosis is observed in Mule ducks (616 ± 18 g; 8.79% of body mass (BW)) and Muscovy ducks (514 ± 13 g; 7.05% BW) compared to Pekin ducks (353 ± 21 g; 5.89% BW, p p p
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Influence of lipoprotein-lipase activity on plasma triacylglycerol concentration and lipid storage in three genotypes of ducks
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A: Comparative Physiology, 2007Co-Authors: Jean-marc Andre, Stéphane Davail, B Davail, G. Guy, K. Gontier-latonnelle, R. Hoo-paris, Marie Dominique BernadetAbstract:The lipoprotein-lipase (LPL) hydrolyses the triacylglycerols (TG) secreted by the liver and, thus, allows the storage of lipids onto the extrahepatic tissues. The LPL activity has been studied by injection of LPL antibodies in three genotypes of ducks (Muscovy (Cairina moschat), Pekin (Anas plathyrhynchos) and Mule (hybrids of male Muscovy ducks and female Pekin ducks)) under overfeeding condition. The results show a similar weight gain between injected and control animals. A higher liver steatosis is observed in Mule ducks (616 ± 18 g; 8.79% of body mass (BW)) and Muscovy ducks (514 ± 13 g; 7.05% BW) compared to Pekin ducks (353 ± 21 g; 5.89% BW, p b 0.05). Pekin ducks showed a much marked extrahepatic fattening of abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissues. The LPL activity was evaluated by comparing the evolution of the plasma TG concentrations after injections of saline (control animals) or injections of specific LPL-antibodies. Inhibition of LPL activity performed by intravenous injections of LPL-antibodies showed a spectacular increase in the plasma TG concentrations in the three genotypes. That increase was considerably higher in Pekin ducks (98 ± 10 g/L) compared to Muscovy ducks (35 ± 2 g/L, p b 0.01) and Mule ducks (30 ± 4 g/L, p b 0.01). Those data suggest that a high export of lipids synthesized in liver and a high LPL activity occur in overfed Pekin ducks, which can favour the extrahepatic fattening to the detriment of the liver steatosis, and conversely in overfed Muscovy and Mule ducks. Full Latin names of the species used: Pekin ducks (Anas plathyrhynchos); Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschat); Mule ducks are hybrids of male Muscovy ducks and female Pekin ducks
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Hormonal and metabolic responses to overfeeding in three genotypes of ducks
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A: Comparative Physiology, 2003Co-Authors: Stéphane Davail, Nicole Rideau, Jean-marc Andre, Gérard Guy, Dominique Hermier, Robert Hoo-parisAbstract:Muscovy, Pekin and Mule duck are different in their body weight. To make a valid comparison in the lipid metabolism between these three genotypes, overfeeding was carried out by providing the animals with amounts of food in proportion to their body weight. Under these conditions, Muscovy ducks developed a strong liver steatosis, whereas it was not very pronounced in the Mule ducks and even less in the Pekin ducks. On the contrary, Pekin ducks showed a much marked extrahepatic fattening. At the beginning of overfeeding, there was a similarity in the three genotypes as regards the post-heparin lipoprotein–lipase (LPL) activity and the insulin and glucagon concentrations. After 10 days of overfeeding, the LPL activity dramatically fell in Muscovy and in Mule ducks, whereas it remained steady in Pekin ducks. Compared to values found at the beginning of the overfeeding period, plasma glucagon and insulin shown no evolution, except for the insulin of Pekin ducks which was dramatically higher. Those data suggest that high plasma insulin concentrations measured in Pekin ducks after 10 days of overfeeding can be responsible for the maintenance of the LPL activity, which favors the extrahepatic fattening to the detriment of liver steatosis.
Dabing Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of duck hepatitis A virus genotype 3 infection on glucose metabolism of Pekin ducklings and underlying mechanism.
Gene, 2020Co-Authors: Suyun Liang, Ming Xie, Xiaoyan Wang, Jing Tang, Zhiguo Wen, Shuisheng Hou, Dabing ZhangAbstract:Abstract Earlier works identified the second generation (Z8R2) of a resistant Pekin duck line to duck hepatitis A virus genotype 3 (DHAV-3), which displays significantly strong resistance than that of the second generation (Z8S2) of a susceptible Pekin duck line. To understand the genetic mechanisms that determine the different resistance/susceptibility of Z8R2 and Z8S2 to DHAV-3, transcriptome analysis on livers of infected Pekin ducklings was performed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We found that DHAV-3 infection has a great effect on metabolism of Z8S2 at the transcription level. Using a newly created fourth generation of the resistant Pekin duck line (Z8R4) and an unselected Pekin duck flock (Z7) as models, hypoglycemia and dramatically increased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were shown to be noticeable signs of fatal cases caused by DHAV-3 infection. These findings, together with expression analysis and verification of DEGs, support the view that DHAV-3 infection results in glucose metabolic abnormalities in susceptible individuals and that there are significant differences in expression patterns of glucose metabolism-related DEGs between susceptible and resistant individuals. Notably, cytokines displayed a negative correlation with glucose synthesis in terms of expression in susceptible individuals following DHAV-3 infection. Mechanism analyses suggests that cytokines will activate PI3K-AKT pathway and/or JAK-STAT pathway by up-regulated expression of JAK2, and thereby causes down-regulated expression of G6PC and/or ACAT1. Cytokines can also cause down-regulated expression of HPGDS by JAK2. The present work contributes to the understanding of pathogenesis of DHAV-3 infection and the resistance breeding project against DHAV-3.
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Pathogenicity of egg-type duck-origin isolate of Tembusu virus in Pekin ducklings.
BMC veterinary research, 2019Co-Authors: Te Liang, Lixin Yang, Xiaoxiao Liu, Dabing ZhangAbstract:Tembusu virus (TMUV) usually affects adult ducks, causing a severe drop of egg production. It has also been shown to be pathogenic in commercial Pekin ducklings below 7 weeks of age. Here, we report a TMUV-caused neurological disease in young egg-type ducklings and the pathogenicity of the egg-type duck-origin TMUV isolates in meat-type Pekin ducklings. The disease occurred in 25 to 40-day-old Jinding ducklings in China, and was characterized by paralysis. Gross lesions were lacking and microscopic lesions appeared chiefly in brain and spleen. Inoculation in embryonated duck eggs resulted in isolation of TMUV Y and GL. The clinical signs and microscopic lesions observed in the spontaneously infected egg-type ducks were repeated in Pekin ducklings by experimental infection. Notably, both Y and GL strains caused 100% mortality in the case of 2-day-old inoculation by intracerebral route. High mortalities (80 and 70%) also occurred following infection of the Y virus at 2 days of age by intramuscular route and at 9 days of age by intracerebral route. These findings demonstrate that the egg-type duck-origin TMUVs exhibit high pathogenicity in Pekin ducklings, and that the severity of the disease in ducklings is dependent on the infection route and the age of birds at the time of infection. The availability of the highly pathogenic TMUV strains provides a useful material with which to begin investigations into the molecular basis of TMUV pathogenicity in ducks.
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Molecular evidence of goose-parvovirus-related abnormal molting in Pekin ducks
Archives of virology, 2019Co-Authors: Meiling Jin, Chonglun Feng, Xiaoyan Wang, Dabing ZhangAbstract:Since January 2019, abnormal molting has been observed frequently in approximately 40-day-old Pekin ducks in China. To investigate the possible involvement of a virus, we tested the prevalence of duck circovirus (DuCV), goose hemorrhagic polyomavirus (GHPyV), and goose parvovirus (GPV) in 11 molt cases in two provinces. GPV was detected in all cases, particularly in all samples collected from the feather area. The complete genome sequences of three GPV strains were determined and found to have 52 nucleotide changes relative to GPVs associated with short beak and dwarfism syndrome of Pekin ducks. These data will enhance our understanding of GPV diversity and outcomes of GPV infection in Pekin ducks.
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Pathogenicity of Pekin duck- and goose-origin parvoviruses in Pekin ducklings
Veterinary microbiology, 2017Co-Authors: Kang Ning, Minghang Wang, Lixin Yang, Dabing ZhangAbstract:Goose parvovirus (GPV) usually affects goslings and Muscovy ducks but not Pekin ducks. Earlier works showed that a variant GPV can cause short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) in Pekin ducks. Here, we investigated the pathogenicity of a variant GPV of Pekin duck-origin (JS1) and a classical GPV of goose-origin (H) in Pekin ducklings. Following intramuscular infection at two days of age, both JS1 and H strains influenced weight gain and development of beaks and bones of wings and legs, and caused microscopic lesions of internal organs of ducks. However, the clinical signs typical of SBDS could only be replicated with the JS1 isolate. The findings suggest that both variant and classical GPVs are pathogenic for Pekin ducklings, while the former is more virulent than the latter. Using a quantitative real-time PCR assay, high levels of viral load were detected from bloods, internal organs, leg muscles, and ileac contents in JS1- and H-infected ducks from 6h to 35days postinfection (DPI). Using a GPV VP3-based ELISA, antibodies in sera of JS1- and H-infected ducks were detectable at 1 DPI and then persistently rose during the subsequent five weeks. These results suggest that both variant and classical GPVs can infect Pekin ducklings. The present work contributes to the understanding of pathogenicity of GPV to Pekin ducks and may provide clues to pathogenesis of GPV-related SBDS.
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Complete Genomic Sequence of a Reovirus Isolate from Pekin Ducklings in China
Journal of virology, 2012Co-Authors: Dan Wang, Jiajian Shi, Tiantian Jiang, Yuan Yuan, Dabing ZhangAbstract:The complete genomic sequence of a Pekin duck origin reovirus (DRV) from China was determined. The genome comprises 23,419 bp, with segments ranging from 1,191 bp (S4) to 3,959 bp (L1). Pairwise comparisons and phylogenetic analysis indicate that the Pekin duck origin reovirus is more closely related to the new type of Muscovy duck origin reovirus (N-MDRV) identified recently than to the chicken origin avian orthoreovirus (ARV) and the originally described Muscovy duck origin reovirus (ARV-Md).
