The Experts below are selected from a list of 201 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bruno Rossion - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Face inversion and acquired prosopagnosia reduce the size of the Perceptual Field of view
Cognition, 2014Co-Authors: Goedele Van Belle, Philippe Lefèvre, Bruno RossionAbstract:Using a gaze-contingent morphing approach, we asked human observers to choose one of two faces that best matched the identity of a target face: one face corresponded to the reference face’s fixated part only (e.g., one eye), the other corresponded to the unfixated area of the reference face. The face corresponding to the fixated part was selected significantly more frequently in the inverted than in the upright orientation. This observation provides evidence that face inversion reduces an observer’s Perceptual Field of view, even when both upright and inverted faces are displayed at full view and there is no performance difference between these conditions. It rules out an account of the drop of performance for inverted faces – one of the most robust effects in experimental psychology – in terms of a mere difference in local processing efficiency. A brain-damaged patient with pure prosopagnosia, viewing only upright faces, systematically selected the face corresponding to the fixated part, as if her Perceptual Field was reduced relative to normal observers. Altogether, these observations indicate that the absence of visual knowledge reduces the Perceptual Field of view, supporting an indirect view of visual perception.
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Distinguishing the cause and consequence of face inversion: The Perceptual Field hypothesis
Acta psychologica, 2009Co-Authors: Bruno RossionAbstract:I published a critical review of the face inversion effect (Rossion, 2008) that triggered a few reactions and commentaries by colleagues in the Field (Riesenhuber & Wolff, 2009; Yovel, in press). Here, I summarize my original paper and attempt to identify the source of both the agreements and disagreements with my colleagues, as well as other authors, regarding the nature of the face inversion effect. My view is that the major cause of the detrimental effect of inversion on an observer's performance at individual face recognition is the disruption of a Perceptual process. This Perceptual process is makes and observer see the multiple features of a whole individual upright face at once. It also makes the percept of a given facial feature highly dependent on the location and identity of the other features in the whole face. The Perceptual process is holistic because it is driven by a holistic face representation, derived from visual experience. Hence, an inverted face cannot be perceived holistically: the Perceptual Field of the observer is constricted for inverted faces, each facial feature having to be processed sequentially, independently, i.e. over a smaller spatial window than the whole face. Consequently, it is particularly difficult to perceive diagnostic cues that involve several elements over a wide space on an inverted face, such as long-range relative distances between features (e.g., relative distance between eyes and mouth), or diagnostic cues that are located far away from usual gaze fixation (e.g., mouth-nose distance or mouth shape when fixating between the eyes). These difficulties are mere consequences of face inversion--the cause being a loss of holistic perception--, and it does not follow that relative distances between internal features are necessarily particularly important to recognize faces, that they should be labeled "configural", or should be given a specific status at the representational level. I argue that distinguishing the cause and consequence(s) of face inversion this way can provide a parsimonious and yet complete theoretical account of the face inversion effect.
Gonzalo Alarcón - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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DISEÑO GRAFICO DIGITAL: UNA PROPUESTA DE DISEÑO EDITORIAL ELECTRONICO (Digital Graphic Design: A Proposal of Electronic Editorial Design)
2001Co-Authors: Jegó Araya, Ninón, Gonzalo AlarcónAbstract:Editorial design has changed its traditional support and it has to use the new digital means. This support provides its own characteristics and limitations in its double function: producer, reproducer. A new way of addressing the visual text, a receptive model reader and a frequent image user, made the authors think of the way of controlling variables related to the digital support capacity to access through different channels to the user’s Perceptual Field and in this way to catch and keep his interest. Likewise the authors tried to prove the efficiency in controlling independent variables variables in design of informative, persuasive and educational texts.
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DISEÑO GRAFICO DIGITAL: UNA PROPUESTA DE DISEÑO EDITORIAL ELECTRONICO
2001Co-Authors: Jegó Araya, Ninón, Gonzalo AlarcónAbstract:Editorial design has changed its traditional support and it has to use the new digital means. This support provides its own characteristics and limitations in its double function: producer, reproducer. A new way of addressing the visual text, a receptive model reader and a frequent image user, made the authors think of the way of controlling variables related to the digital support capacity to access through different channels to the user’s Perceptual Field and in this way to catch and keep his interest. Likewise the authors tried to prove the efficiency in controlling independent variables variables in design of informative, persuasive and educational texts.
Gabrielle Benette Jackson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Seeing what is not seen
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 2017Co-Authors: Gabrielle Benette JacksonAbstract:This paper connects ideas from twentieth century Gestalt psychology, experiments in vision science, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology of perception. I propose that when we engage in simple sensorimotor tasks whose successful completion is open, our behavior may be motivated by practical Perceptual awareness alone, responding to invariant features of the Perceptual Field that are invisible to other forms of Perceptual awareness. On this view, we see more than we think we see, as evidenced by our skillful bodily behavior.
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Skillful action in peripersonal space
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Gabrielle Benette JacksonAbstract:In this article, I link the empirical hypothesis that neural representations of sensory stimulation near the body involve a unique motor component to the idea that the Perceptual Field is structured by skillful bodily activity. The neurophenomenological view that emerges is illuminating in its own right, though it may also have practical consequences. I argue that recent experiments attempting to alter the scope of these near space sensorimotor representations are actually equivocal in what they show. I propose resolving this ambiguity by treating these representations as responsive to the development or degeneration of know-how—which can be isolated as an appropriate object for scientific investigation.
Olivier Houdé - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Deductive reasoning and matching-bias inhibition training: Evidence from a debiasing paradigm
Thinking & Reasoning, 2002Co-Authors: Sylvain Moutier, Nathalie Angeard, Olivier HoudéAbstract:Using the matching bias example, the aim of the present studies was to show that adults' reasoning biases are due to faulty executive inhibition programming. In the first study, the subjects were trained on Wason's classical card selection task; half were given training in how to inhibit the Perceptual matching bias (experimental group) and half in logic without the inhibition component (control group). On the pre- and post-tests, their performance was assessed on the Evans conditional rule falsification task (with a negation in the antecedent of the rule), a task that also involves matching bias. In addition, subjects were tested for Perceptual Field dependence/independence using the Embedded Figures Test. The results brought out a specific inhibition training effect, as well as a clear-cut relationship in the experimental group between receptiveness to training and Perceptual Field independence. In the second study, the training paradigm was the same except that on the pre- and post-tests, the negation ...
Jegó Araya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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DISEÑO GRAFICO DIGITAL: UNA PROPUESTA DE DISEÑO EDITORIAL ELECTRONICO (Digital Graphic Design: A Proposal of Electronic Editorial Design)
2001Co-Authors: Jegó Araya, Ninón, Gonzalo AlarcónAbstract:Editorial design has changed its traditional support and it has to use the new digital means. This support provides its own characteristics and limitations in its double function: producer, reproducer. A new way of addressing the visual text, a receptive model reader and a frequent image user, made the authors think of the way of controlling variables related to the digital support capacity to access through different channels to the user’s Perceptual Field and in this way to catch and keep his interest. Likewise the authors tried to prove the efficiency in controlling independent variables variables in design of informative, persuasive and educational texts.
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DISEÑO GRAFICO DIGITAL: UNA PROPUESTA DE DISEÑO EDITORIAL ELECTRONICO
2001Co-Authors: Jegó Araya, Ninón, Gonzalo AlarcónAbstract:Editorial design has changed its traditional support and it has to use the new digital means. This support provides its own characteristics and limitations in its double function: producer, reproducer. A new way of addressing the visual text, a receptive model reader and a frequent image user, made the authors think of the way of controlling variables related to the digital support capacity to access through different channels to the user’s Perceptual Field and in this way to catch and keep his interest. Likewise the authors tried to prove the efficiency in controlling independent variables variables in design of informative, persuasive and educational texts.