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Catherine Larzul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Utilisation d’une puce très basse densité (1 100 SNP) pour la sélection génomique chez 3 races de porcs françaises
2020Co-Authors: Céline Carillier-jacquin, Alban Bouquet, Yann Labrune, Pauline Brenaut, Catherine LarzulAbstract:To reduce genotyping costs for genomic selection, a Low-Density SNP (LD) chip, designed in 2016, is now used routinely. This panel is composed of approximately 1 100 equidistant SNPs. The relevance of this chip has been studied in French populations of the Landrace, Large White and Pietrain pig breeds. The quality of imputation was estimated by the correlation between actual and imputed genotypes and error rates. The impact of imputation on the genomic evaluations was estimated by the correlation between the genomic values obtained for the candidates with imputed genotypes, and those obtained with the high-density genotypes. Average error rates of imputation estimated on all the chromosomes were 0.03, 0.11 and 0.14 for Landrace, Large White and Pietrain, respectively. The estimated correlations between actual and imputed genotypes were relatively high at 0.93, 0.92 and 0.88 forLandrace, Large White and Pietrain populations, respectively. Correlations between genomic breeding values predicted with high-density genomic data or imputed genomic data from the LD SNP panel ranged from 0.89-0.97 for Large White and Landrace populations for reproductive traits. They were higher than those obtained for the Pietrain population (0.80 and 0.97 for production traits, r espectively). In conclusion, despite the limited number of SNPs on the low-density panel used in this study, the imputation accuracy is sufficient to use the imputed genotypes in the genomic evaluations. In practice, genotyping candidates with a LD chip isa solution for selecting future breeding pigs at lower cost
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Utilisation d’une puce très basse densité (1 100 SNP) pour la sélection génomique chez 3 races porcines françaises
2020Co-Authors: Céline Carillier-jacquin, Juliette Riquet, Alban Bouquet, Yann Labrune, Pauline Brenaut, Catherine LarzulAbstract:To reduce genotyping costs for genomic selection, a Low-Density SNP (LD) chip, designed in 2016, is now used routinely. This panel is composed of approximately 1100 equidistant SNPs. The relevance of this chip has been studied in French populations of the Landrace, Large White and Pietrainpig breeds. The quality of imputation was estimated by the correlation between actual and imputed genotypes and error rates. The impact of imputation on the genomic evaluations was estimatedby the correlation between the genomic values obtained for the candidates with imputed genotypes, and those obtained with the high-densitygenotypes. Average error rates of imputation estimated on all the chromosomes were 0.03, 0.11 and 0.14for Landrace, Large White and Pietrain, respectively. The estimated correlations between actual and imputed genotypes were relativelyhigh at 0.93, 0.92 and 0.88forLandrace, Large White and Pietrain populations,respectively. Correlations between genomicbreedingvalues predicted with high-density genomicdata or imputed genomic data from the LD SNP panel rangedfrom0.89-0.97 for Large White and Landrace populations for reproductivetraits. They were higher than those obtained for the Pietrain population (0.80and 0.97for production traits, respectively). In conclusion, despite the limited number of SNPs on the low-density panel used in this study, the imputation accuracyis sufficient to use the imputed genotypes in the genomic evaluations. In practice, genotyping candidates with aLD chip is a solution for selecting future breeding pigsat lower cost.
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L’évaluation génomique dans un schéma de croisement terminal
2016Co-Authors: Llibertat Tusell Palomero, Hélène Gilbert, Juliette Riquet, Marie-jose Mercat, Andres Legarra Albizu, Catherine LarzulAbstract:In crossbreeding schemes, within-line selection of purebred lines mainly aims at improving performance of crossbred progeny in field conditions. The genetic correlation between purebred and crossbred performance is an important parameter to be assessed to ascertain that purebred performance is a good predictor of crossbred performance. With the availability of high density markers, feasibility of using crossbred information for evaluating purebred candidates can be reevaluated. This study implements and applies to real data a single-step terminal-cross model to estimate genetic parameters of several production traits in Pietrain and Pietrain x Large White pigs.Piglets were recorded for growth rate between 35 and 110 kg. Animals were genotyped using the 60K SNP chip. For each trait, purebred and crossbred performances were jointly analyzed. The purebred animals were evaluated through an animal model, whereas the additive genetic effect of a crossbred individual was decomposed into its purebred sire and dam allelic contribution effects. Piétrain genotypes were introduced in genetic evaluation in a single-step procedure. The same model but only accounting for pedigree information was compared to the genomic model in terms of breeding value accuracies obtained from the mixed model equations. Genetic correlation between purebreds and sire allelic contribution to crossbred performance was high (0.84 and 0.79 for the genomic and the pedigree model, respectively). Breeding value accuracies of the genotyped animals obtained with the genomic model outperformed the pedigree model.
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Relationship between sperm production and boar taint risk of purebred or crossbred entire offspring
2015Co-Authors: Marie-jose Mercat, Armelle Prunier, Nelly Muller, Claire Hassenfratz, Catherine LarzulAbstract:This study focuses on 100 boars from three Pietrain varieties: 74 V1, 10 V2 and 16 V3. On average, data were recorded on 90 ejaculates collected in artificial insemination centers and boar taint measured on 15.4 entire male offspring, half purebred and half Pietrain × Large-White type. Offspring were reared at INRA UETP (Le Rheu, France) up to 110 kg. Boar taint risk was assessed by androstenone and skatole measurements in fat collected at the slaughterhouse. Sperm production data were corrected for the production site, the age and the collection frequency using a generalized linear mixed model to estimate an average sperm production count per boar and ejaculate. Boar taint odor risk was on the whole low in the tested population. Considering the three Pietrain varieties altogether, boars with the highest sperm production had a lower proportion of offspring without risk of odor compared to boars with low sperm production: the boars ranked in the top quartile of sperm production had 14% less offspring without odor (i.e. androstenone
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Genome-wide association studies in purebred and crossbred entire male pigs
2015Co-Authors: Hélène Gilbert, Marie-jose Mercat, Catherine Larzul, Armelle Prunier, Nelly Muller, Yann Labrune, Marjorie Chassier, Juliette RiquetAbstract:A total of 654 purebred Piétrain entire male pigs and 716 crossbred Piétrain × Large White entire male pigs issued from about 70 Piétrain sires were tested in a French test station for production traits (feed intake, feed efficiency, growth rate, carcass composition and meat quality). All were genotyped with the 60K Porcine SNPchip. Genome wide association studies were run using linear mixed models with a genomic kinship matrix to account for relatedness between individuals, and the fixed effect of each SNP was tested separately. In a first step, separate analyses of the two populations showed suggestive results (P
Hermann Geldermann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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linkage and qtl mapping for sus scrofa chromosome 2
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2003Co-Authors: Y. Chen, C Moran, S Cepica, G Reiner, Heinz Bartenschlager, G Moser, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:Summary Sus scrofa chromosome 2 (SSC2) linkage maps were generated from three F2 families involving Meishan (M), Pietrain (P) and Wild Boar (W) crosses and the same 10 marker loci. SSC2 linkage maps were similar between families and correspond to published maps. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for carcass traits, daily gain and heart weight were identified on SSC2, especially in the intervals 0–20 and 80–90 cM in the M × P family, the intervals 20–50 and 125–140 cM in the W × P family, and the interval 15–70 cM in the W × M family. QTL presence and position varied among families. QTL effects explained up to 10% of F2 phenotypic variance. Pietrain QTL alleles were associated with high muscle and heart mass, high daily gain and low fat deposition and Meishan alleles with high carcass fat content. Wild Boar alleles were associated with leaner carcass but lower daily gain than Meishan alleles. Zusammenfassung Kopplungskarten fur Chromosom 2 (SSC2) wurden auf der Basis von drei F2-Familien aus Kreuzungen von Wildschwein (W), Meishan (M) und Pietrain (P) mit Hilfe von zehn Markern erstellt. Sie zeigten eine gute Ubereinstimmung zwischen den Familien und mit den bisher publizierten Karten. Auf SSC2 liesen sich QTLs mit Wirkung auf Schlachtkorperzusammensetzung, tagliche Zunahmen und Herzgewicht nachweisen. Die QTL-Positionen lagen in der Familie M × P in den Regionen 0 bis 20 cM und 80 bis 90 cM, in der Familie W × P in den Regionen 20 bis 50 cM und 125 bis 140 cM und in der Familie W × M in der Region 15 bis 70 cM. Die QTL-Effekte auf SSC2 erklarten bis zu 10% der phanotypischen Varianz in der F2-Generation. An den QTL-Positionen zeigten Pietrain-Allele positive Auswirkungen auf die Fleischfulle, das Herzgewicht und die taglichen Zunahmen. Meishan-Allele waren mit einer starkeren Verfettung assoziiert. Im Vergleich zu Meishan-Allelen traten die Wildschwein-Allele mit hoherem Fleischanteil und geringeren taglichen Zunahmen auf.
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QTL alleles on chromosome 7 from fatty Meishan pigs reduce fat deposition
Science in China Series C: Life Sciences, 2003Co-Authors: Petra Beeckmann, S Cepica, Heinz Bartenschlager, Gerhard Moser, Elisabeth Müller, Jaroslav Schröffel, Antonin Stratil, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:For detecting QTL in the whole swine genome, 1068 pigs from three F_2 populations constructed by crossing European Wild boar and Pietrain (W×P), Meishan and Pietrain (M×P), and Wild Boar and Meishan (W × M) were genotyped for genetic markers evenly spaced at approximately 20 cM intervals. AQTL analysis was performed using a least-squares method. Here the results of the QTL analysis on the porcine chromosome 7 are presented. QTL for carcass composition (e.g. head weight, carcass length, backfat depth, abdominal fat and bacon meat) were mapped in the chromosomal region CYPA/CYPD-TNFB-S0102 in M×P and W×M, but not in W×P. The QTL explained 5.3%–27.2% of the F_2 phenotypic variance in the two F_2 populations. Most traits affected by the mapped QTL were related to carcass fatness. The mode of gene action of QTL was additive. Surprisingly, in contrast to the parental phenotype, the QTL alleles from fatty Meishan were associated with thinner backfat than Pietrain and Wild Boar alleles, suggesting that the genome of the fatty Meishan pig contains genes which can reduce fat content of carcass substantially.
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Fibre structure and metabolites in M. longissimus dorsi of Wild Boar, Pietrain and Meishan pigs as well as their crossbred generations
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2002Co-Authors: E Muller, G Reiner, Heinz Bartenschlager, M. Rutten, Gerhard Moser, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:Fibre traits and glycolytic metabolites in musculus longissimus dorsi of European Wild Boar, Pietrain and Meishan as well as their F1 and F2 crossbred generations were evaluated and compared. Pietrain had the highest relative number of white fibres and the largest muscle fibres. Wild Boar showed the smallest muscle fibres. The R-value and lactate level of Wild Boar and Meishan were low, whereas Pietrain had high R-values and lactate levels. The glycogen level was highest in Wild Boar and lowest in Meishan. The F1- and F2-crossbreds often had trait values between those of their founder breeds. Several antagonistic relations between fibre characteristics, muscle metabolites and performance traits for carcass and meat quality have been found. They are family-specific and strongest within the crossbreds of the Pietrain-based families. Faserstruktur und Metabolitenwerte im M. longissimus dorsi bei Wildschwein, Pietrain und Meishan und deren Kreuzungsgenerationen Merkmale der Muskelfasern sowie glykolytische Parameter im Musculus longissimus dorsi wurden fur Europaisches Wildschwein, Pietrain und Meishan untersucht. Schweine der Rasse Pietrain hatten den hochsten Anteil an weisen Fasern und die grosten Muskelfasern. Die Wildschweine zeigten die kleinsten Muskelfasern. R-Wert und Laktatgehalt waren bei Wildschwein und Meishan niedrig, wahrend die Rasse Pietrain hohe R-Werte und Laktatgehalte aufwies. Wildschweine hatten die hochsten, Meishan die niedrigsten Glykogengehalte. Die Merkmalswerte der F1- und F2-Kreuzungen lagen oftmals zwischen denen der jeweiligen Ausgangsherkunfte. Antagonistische Beziehungen zwischen Fasermerkmalen und Muskelmetaboliten und der Schlachtkorperzusammensetzung bzw. Fleischbeschaffenheit waren familienspezifisch und zeigten sich besonders in den Kreuzungsherkunften mit Pietrain-Anteil.
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Trait values of growth, carcass and meat quality in Wild Boar, Meishan and Pietrain pigs as well as their crossbred generations
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2000Co-Authors: E Muller, Gerhard Moser, H. Bartenschilager, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:Summary The genetic diversity between European Wild Boar, Pietrain and Meishan and their crossbred generations are described on the basis of performance traits for growth, carcass composition and meat quality. Using the results of 1333 pigs, the highest growth rates were found in crossbred generations, indicating positive heterosis effects. In carcass composition, high meat content is associated with Pietrain and high fat content with Meishan alleles. Weights of organs were greatest in Wild Boar, the weight of the head was greatest in Meishan. Meat quality and stress resistance parameters point to superior gene effects in Wild Boar and Meishan. Crossbred animals of these genetically diverse pig sources generate the maximum variability for all traits, help to demonstrate the range of values for the specified breeds of pig and allow an efficient analysis of the genes influencing performance traits. Zusammenfassung Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist die Beschreibung der genetischen Diversitat zwischen Europaischem Wildschwein, Pietrain und Chinesischem Meishanschwein und deren F1- und F2-Kreuzungsgenerationen. In die Untersuchungen werden eine grose Anzahl an Leistungsmerkmalen fur Wachstum, Schlachtkorperzusammensetzung und Fleischbeschaffenheit einbezogen. Die Ergebnisse von 1333 Tieren zeigen, dass die Kreuzungsgenerationen die hochsten Wachstumsraten erreichen, was auf positive Heterosiseffekte hinweist. Bei den Schlachtkorpern stand ein hoher Fleischanteil in Beziehung zu Pietrain, wahrend ein hoher Fettanteil mit Meishanallelen assoziiert war. Die Wildschwei-ne hatten die hochsten Organgewichte, wahrend die Tiere der Rasse Meishan die hochsten Kopfge-wichte aufwiesen. Die Merkmalswerte der Stresresistenz und der Fleischbeschaffenheit zeigten eine hohe Uberlegenheit des Wild-und Meishanschweines gegenuber den Tieren der Herkunft Pietrain. Die Kreuzungen zwischen den genetisch diversen Schweineherkunften fuhrten in allen Merkmalen zu einer maximalen Variabilitat und demonstrierten die grose Bandbreite der Merkmalswerte bei den Schweinen. Die Variabilitat bei den Merkmalswerten beruht auf segregierenden Allelen an mehr oder weniger vielen Loci. Die Tiergruppen eignen sich daher fur die Analyse von Genen der Leistungsmerkmale beim Schwein.
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associations of gh gene variants with performance traits in f2 generations of european wild boar Pietrain and meishan pigs
Animal Genetics, 1997Co-Authors: C Knorr, E Muller, G Moser, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:: The role of the porcine GH gene was investigated in 292 F2 animals of mating Wild Boar x Pietrain and in 310 F2 animals of mating Meishan x Pietrain. Forty-three traits of fattening, carcass composition, meat quality and stress resistance were recorded. For the analysis of associations between GH gene variants and quantitative traits, two restriction fragment length polymorphisms were examined. In the Meishan x Pietrain family eight traits related to fatness were significantly associated with GH genotypes, while in the Wild Boar x Pietrain family no significant associations were found. In the Meishan x Pietrain cross, the GH locus explained 11.7% to 17.7% of the total phenotypic variance in the F2 population. The possibility of multiple alleles at the GH locus is discussed. Based on these results, we conclude that the GH locus should be further investigated in commercial breeds to determine its suitability for use in marker-assisted selection programmes.
E Muller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fibre structure and metabolites in M. longissimus dorsi of Wild Boar, Pietrain and Meishan pigs as well as their crossbred generations
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2002Co-Authors: E Muller, G Reiner, Heinz Bartenschlager, M. Rutten, Gerhard Moser, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:Fibre traits and glycolytic metabolites in musculus longissimus dorsi of European Wild Boar, Pietrain and Meishan as well as their F1 and F2 crossbred generations were evaluated and compared. Pietrain had the highest relative number of white fibres and the largest muscle fibres. Wild Boar showed the smallest muscle fibres. The R-value and lactate level of Wild Boar and Meishan were low, whereas Pietrain had high R-values and lactate levels. The glycogen level was highest in Wild Boar and lowest in Meishan. The F1- and F2-crossbreds often had trait values between those of their founder breeds. Several antagonistic relations between fibre characteristics, muscle metabolites and performance traits for carcass and meat quality have been found. They are family-specific and strongest within the crossbreds of the Pietrain-based families. Faserstruktur und Metabolitenwerte im M. longissimus dorsi bei Wildschwein, Pietrain und Meishan und deren Kreuzungsgenerationen Merkmale der Muskelfasern sowie glykolytische Parameter im Musculus longissimus dorsi wurden fur Europaisches Wildschwein, Pietrain und Meishan untersucht. Schweine der Rasse Pietrain hatten den hochsten Anteil an weisen Fasern und die grosten Muskelfasern. Die Wildschweine zeigten die kleinsten Muskelfasern. R-Wert und Laktatgehalt waren bei Wildschwein und Meishan niedrig, wahrend die Rasse Pietrain hohe R-Werte und Laktatgehalte aufwies. Wildschweine hatten die hochsten, Meishan die niedrigsten Glykogengehalte. Die Merkmalswerte der F1- und F2-Kreuzungen lagen oftmals zwischen denen der jeweiligen Ausgangsherkunfte. Antagonistische Beziehungen zwischen Fasermerkmalen und Muskelmetaboliten und der Schlachtkorperzusammensetzung bzw. Fleischbeschaffenheit waren familienspezifisch und zeigten sich besonders in den Kreuzungsherkunften mit Pietrain-Anteil.
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Trait values of growth, carcass and meat quality in Wild Boar, Meishan and Pietrain pigs as well as their crossbred generations
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 2000Co-Authors: E Muller, Gerhard Moser, H. Bartenschilager, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:Summary The genetic diversity between European Wild Boar, Pietrain and Meishan and their crossbred generations are described on the basis of performance traits for growth, carcass composition and meat quality. Using the results of 1333 pigs, the highest growth rates were found in crossbred generations, indicating positive heterosis effects. In carcass composition, high meat content is associated with Pietrain and high fat content with Meishan alleles. Weights of organs were greatest in Wild Boar, the weight of the head was greatest in Meishan. Meat quality and stress resistance parameters point to superior gene effects in Wild Boar and Meishan. Crossbred animals of these genetically diverse pig sources generate the maximum variability for all traits, help to demonstrate the range of values for the specified breeds of pig and allow an efficient analysis of the genes influencing performance traits. Zusammenfassung Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist die Beschreibung der genetischen Diversitat zwischen Europaischem Wildschwein, Pietrain und Chinesischem Meishanschwein und deren F1- und F2-Kreuzungsgenerationen. In die Untersuchungen werden eine grose Anzahl an Leistungsmerkmalen fur Wachstum, Schlachtkorperzusammensetzung und Fleischbeschaffenheit einbezogen. Die Ergebnisse von 1333 Tieren zeigen, dass die Kreuzungsgenerationen die hochsten Wachstumsraten erreichen, was auf positive Heterosiseffekte hinweist. Bei den Schlachtkorpern stand ein hoher Fleischanteil in Beziehung zu Pietrain, wahrend ein hoher Fettanteil mit Meishanallelen assoziiert war. Die Wildschwei-ne hatten die hochsten Organgewichte, wahrend die Tiere der Rasse Meishan die hochsten Kopfge-wichte aufwiesen. Die Merkmalswerte der Stresresistenz und der Fleischbeschaffenheit zeigten eine hohe Uberlegenheit des Wild-und Meishanschweines gegenuber den Tieren der Herkunft Pietrain. Die Kreuzungen zwischen den genetisch diversen Schweineherkunften fuhrten in allen Merkmalen zu einer maximalen Variabilitat und demonstrierten die grose Bandbreite der Merkmalswerte bei den Schweinen. Die Variabilitat bei den Merkmalswerten beruht auf segregierenden Allelen an mehr oder weniger vielen Loci. Die Tiergruppen eignen sich daher fur die Analyse von Genen der Leistungsmerkmale beim Schwein.
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associations of gh gene variants with performance traits in f2 generations of european wild boar Pietrain and meishan pigs
Animal Genetics, 1997Co-Authors: C Knorr, E Muller, G Moser, Hermann GeldermannAbstract:: The role of the porcine GH gene was investigated in 292 F2 animals of mating Wild Boar x Pietrain and in 310 F2 animals of mating Meishan x Pietrain. Forty-three traits of fattening, carcass composition, meat quality and stress resistance were recorded. For the analysis of associations between GH gene variants and quantitative traits, two restriction fragment length polymorphisms were examined. In the Meishan x Pietrain family eight traits related to fatness were significantly associated with GH genotypes, while in the Wild Boar x Pietrain family no significant associations were found. In the Meishan x Pietrain cross, the GH locus explained 11.7% to 17.7% of the total phenotypic variance in the F2 population. The possibility of multiple alleles at the GH locus is discussed. Based on these results, we conclude that the GH locus should be further investigated in commercial breeds to determine its suitability for use in marker-assisted selection programmes.
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Mapping of quantitative-trait loci by means of marker genes in F2 generations of wild boar, Pietrain and Meishan pigs
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 1996Co-Authors: Hermann Geldermann, E Muller, P. Beeckmann, Christoph Knorr, Hua Yue, Gerhard MoserAbstract:Summary Three F2 families have been established for QTL mapping by crossing genetically divergent Wild boar, Meishan and Pietrain pigs. More than 900 F2 animals are typed for a large number of marker loci and are recorded for over 100 quantitative traits. In a first analysis QTLs on chromosome 6 have been mapped in the region of the ryanodine receptor gene. Also several traits were significantly associated with different GH haplotyes. Zusammenfassung Einsatz von Markergenen zur Kartierung quantitativer Merkmale in Wildschwein, Pietrain und Meishan F2-Generationen Zur Kartierung von QTLs wurden durch Kreuzung der genetisch sehr unterschiedlichen Rassen Wildschwein, Meishan und Pietrain, drei F2 Familien erstellt. Bei mehr als 900 Tieren wurde eine grose Zahl an Markerloci bestimmt und mehr als 100 quantitative Merkmale erfast. In einer ersten Analyse konnten QTLs in der Region des Ryanodin Rezeptor Gens auf Chromosom 6 kartiert werden. Weiterhin zeigten zahlreiche Merkmale signifikante Beziehungen zu verschiedenen Haplotypen des GH Gens.
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Proliferation and differentiation in primary cultures of stromal‐vascular cells and of pre‐adipocytes from Large White and Piétrain pigs1
Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 1995Co-Authors: E Muller, S. KalbitzAbstract:Summary A comparison was made between the effects of 3.5% porcine serum and serum-free hormone-supplemented media (5 nM insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), 5 ng/ml insulin, 2 nM triiodothyronime (T3), 5 ng/ml insulin + 2 nM T3) on proliferation, differentiation, and lipolysis in a primary culture of stromal-vascular cells and of pre-adipocytes from subcutaneous adipose tissue of newborn Large White and Pietrain pigs. The effects on cell proliferation were measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation into stromal-vascular cells and pre-adipocytes and by soluble-protein content. Proliferation in serum-containing culture was much higher in both breeds. Large White pigs had a higher capacity for cell growth in medium supplemented with 3.5% porcine serum compared with Pietrain pigs. Parameters of cell differentiation were represented by the specific activities of α-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and ATP-citrate lyase. Adipose conversion in serum-containing culture was lower in both breeds. Large White and Pietrain pigs had similar lipogenic capacities under serum-containing or serum-free conditions. Apart from the specific activity of α-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, no significant effects of the tested growth factors could be found. In serum-containing culture, the specific activity of an α-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was lower for control, IGF-1, and T3 treatments in both breeds. Insulin and insulin + T3 treatment in serum-supplemented medium led to the same enzyme activity as the values in serum-free medium. Another criterion for differentiation is lipolysis, which is measured by cellular-, basal-or hormonal-induced glycerol release into the medium. Pietrain pigs compared with Large White pigs showed a higher basal glycerol release in culture supplemented with 3.5% porcine serum, but the same basal glycerol release in serum-free culture. Adrenaline-induced glycerol release was higher under serum-free conditions for both breeds. Zusammenfassung Proliferation und Differenzierung von stromavaskularen Zellen und Praadipozyten in Primarkultur bei Large White und Pietrain Schweinen In vorliegender Untersuchung wurde der Einflus von IGF-1 (5 nM), Insulin (5 ng/ml), T3 (2 nM) und Insulin + T3 (5 ng/ml + 2 nM) in serumfreier und serumhaltiger (3.5% Schweineserum) Kultur auf das Wachstum und die Differenzierung von Praadipozyten und stromavaskularen Zellen aus dem subkutanen Ruckenspeck neugeborener Schweine der Rassen Large White und Pietrain analysiert. Auswirkungen auf die Zellvermehrung wurden anhand der Menge an eingebautem (3H)-Thymidin in Praadipozyten und stromavaskulare Zellen und mittels des loslichen Proteingehalts gemessen. In serumhaltiger Kultur war das Zellwachstum bei beiden Rassen erhoht. Im Vergleich zu Pietrain Schweinen weisen Large White Tiere eine hohere Wachstumskapazitat ihrer Zellen auf, wenn diese im Medium mit 3,5% Schweineserum kultiviert werden. Als Parameter der Zelldifferenzierung wurden die spezifischen Aktivitaten der α-Glycero-3-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase, des Malat-Enzyms und der ATP-Citrat-Lyase untersucht. Die Konversion in Richtung Fettzelle ist bei beiden Rassen in serumhaltiger Kultur erniedrigt. Large White und Pietrain Tiere besitzen sowohl in serumhaltiger als auch in serumfreier Kultur ahnliche lipogene Kapazitaten. Mit Ausnahme der Aktivitat der α-Glycero-3-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase konnten keine signifikanten Effekte der untersuchten Wachstumsfaktoren festgestellt werden. Bei beiden Rassen war die Enzymaktivitat bei der Kontrolle, bei IGF-Zugabe und T3-Behandlung in serumhaltiger Kultur niedriger im Vergleich zur serumfreien Zellkultivierung. Insulin und Insulin + T3-Behandlung ergab keine unter-schiedlichen Werte fur die α-Glycero-3-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase bei serumhaltiger oder serumfreier Kultur. Die Lipolyse, rait den Parametern basale und adrenalininduzierte Glycerolfreisetzung, ist ein weiteres Kriterium fur die Zelldifferenzierung. Bei Kultivierung mit 3,5% Schweineserum weisen Zellen der Pietrain-Tiere eine hohere basale Glycerolfreisetzung auf, wahrend bei serumfreier Kultivierung kein Rassenunterschied festzustellen ist. Die adrenalininduzierte Glycerolfreisetzung ist bei beiden Rassen unter serumfreien Bedingungen hoher als in serumhaltiger Kultur.
Matthias Wüst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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2-Aminoacetophenone Is the Main Volatile Phase I Skatole Metabolite in Pietrain × Baden-Württemberg Hybrid Type Boars.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Christoph Gerlach, Paul W. Elsinghorst, Hans-georg Schmarr, Matthias WüstAbstract:Skatole metabolites have been considered as putative contributors to boar taint. Recently, 2-aminoacetophenone, a volatile phase I skatole metabolite, was identified in back fat samples from boars of Pietrain × Baden-Wurttemberg hybrid type. This paper addresses the question of the physiological origin of the observed 2-aminoacetophenone in these pigs. Microsomal fractions from nine boars were isolated, and formation of skatole metabolites was subsequently analyzed by stable-isotope dilution analysis (SIDA) using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Significant breed-related differences in phase I skatole metabolism were observed, explaining the high levels of 2-aminoacetophenone in Pietrain × Baden-Wurttemberg hybrid type boars.
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2 aminoacetophenone is the main volatile phase i skatole metabolite in Pietrain baden wurttemberg hybrid type boars
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Christoph Gerlach, Paul W. Elsinghorst, Hans-georg Schmarr, Matthias WüstAbstract:Skatole metabolites have been considered as putative contributors to boar taint. Recently, 2-aminoacetophenone, a volatile phase I skatole metabolite, was identified in back fat samples from boars of Pietrain × Baden-Wurttemberg hybrid type. This paper addresses the question of the physiological origin of the observed 2-aminoacetophenone in these pigs. Microsomal fractions from nine boars were isolated, and formation of skatole metabolites was subsequently analyzed by stable-isotope dilution analysis (SIDA) using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Significant breed-related differences in phase I skatole metabolism were observed, explaining the high levels of 2-aminoacetophenone in Pietrain × Baden-Wurttemberg hybrid type boars.
Frédéric Farnir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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utilisation of large white mong cai crossbred sows and duroc and stress negative Pietrain boars for the production of fattening pigs under household conditions in northern vietnam
Animal Production Science, 2014Co-Authors: Pascal Leroy, D. D. Luc, Antoine Clinquart, Vu Dinh Ton, Dang Vu Binh, Frédéric FarnirAbstract:The objective of this study was to compare the effects of Duroc (DU) and stress-negative Pietrain (PI) as terminal sires mated to F1(Large White × Mong Cai) sows (F1) on productivity, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and meat chemical composition under household conditions in Hai Duong province, Vietnam. The reproduction performances were based on 74 litters of 42 F1 sows from 12 households and the semen from 11 Duroc and 10 Pietrain boars. Data on production and carcass traits were collected from 76 DU × F1 and 67 PI × F1 crossbred fattening pigs. Longissimus dorsi samples from 55 DU × F1 and 37 PI × F1 were analysed to determine meat quality and meat chemical composition. The results show that household affected production, carcass, and meat quality traits (P 0.06) reproduction traits (except individual weight of pigs born alive and weaned pigs, P < 0.01), production traits, meat chemical composition, or meat quality (except pH at 4 days post mortem, P < 0.05). Lean meat percentage of Pietrain-sired pigs was higher than that of Duroc-sired pigs (P < 0.05). The use of Pietrain boars does not affect reproduction performance, growth rate, or meat quality but does improve lean meat percentage compared with Duroc boars. This suggests that the use of stress-negative Pietrain boars as terminal sires would improve lean meat percentage under household conditions in North Vietnam.
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Utilisation of Large White × Mong Cai crossbred sows and Duroc and stress negative Piétrain boars for the production of fattening pigs under household conditions in northern Vietnam
Animal Production Science, 2014Co-Authors: D. D. Luc, Pascal Leroy, Antoine Clinquart, Vu Dinh Ton, Dang Vu Binh, Frédéric FarnirAbstract:The objective of this study was to compare the effects of Duroc (DU) and stress-negative Pietrain (PI) as terminal sires mated to F1(Large White × Mong Cai) sows (F1) on productivity, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and meat chemical composition under household conditions in Hai Duong province, Vietnam. The reproduction performances were based on 74 litters of 42 F1 sows from 12 households and the semen from 11 Duroc and 10 Pietrain boars. Data on production and carcass traits were collected from 76 DU × F1 and 67 PI × F1 crossbred fattening pigs. Longissimus dorsi samples from 55 DU × F1 and 37 PI × F1 were analysed to determine meat quality and meat chemical composition. The results show that household affected production, carcass, and meat quality traits (P 0.06) reproduction traits (except individual weight of pigs born alive and weaned pigs, P < 0.01), production traits, meat chemical composition, or meat quality (except pH at 4 days post mortem, P < 0.05). Lean meat percentage of Pietrain-sired pigs was higher than that of Duroc-sired pigs (P < 0.05). The use of Pietrain boars does not affect reproduction performance, growth rate, or meat quality but does improve lean meat percentage compared with Duroc boars. This suggests that the use of stress-negative Pietrain boars as terminal sires would improve lean meat percentage under household conditions in North Vietnam.
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GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SPERM QUALITY OF STRESS NEGATIVE PIÉTRAIN BOARS AND THEIR HYBRIDS WITH DUROC
2013Co-Authors: Luc Do Duc, Bo Ha Xuan, Frédéric Farnir, Pascal LeroyAbstract:This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of genetic background and season on growth performance and semen quality of boars. Five genetic groups were evaluated, including stress-negative Pietrain boars with CC (PiCC) or CT (PiCT) halothane genotypes, and Pietrain x Duroc hybrid boars with various compositions (25% PiDu25, 50% (PiDu50) or 75% (PiDu75) of Pietrain origin) The results showed that genetic group has a significant effect on growth performance and semen quality. The hybrid boars PiDu25, PiDu50 and PiDu75 had better growth rate, but lower lean meat in comparison with pure stress-negative Pietrain, except PiDu75 boars. PiDu25, PiDu50 and PiCC boars demonstrated high semen quality. A season effect was observed on most of semen quality traits of pure stressnegative Pietrain as well as hybrid boars with different genetic constitution. Sperm concentration was lower in Summer and Autumn, higher in Winter and Spring. The Pietrain x Duroc hybrid boars, especially PiDu75 seem to be promising as terminal boars.