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B K Ratha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of alcohol extract of a natural Piscicide fruits of zanthoxylum armatum dc on mg2 and na k atpase activity in various tissues of a freshwater air breathing fish heteropneustes fossilis
Aquaculture, 2008Co-Authors: S N Ramanujam, B K RathaAbstract:Abstract Effect of ethyl alcohol extract of fruits of a piscicidal plant, Zanthoxylum armatum DC., was evaluated on Mg 2+ - and Na + , K + -ATPase activity in different tissues of a carnivorous air-breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis . Exposure of fish to various concentrations of extract, and at LC 50 concentration for different time intervals revealed significant inhibition of enzyme activity in liver, brain and muscle tissues. Tissue specific inhibition was both dose and time dependent, and reversible. Activity of Mg 2+ -ATPase was inhibited more than that of Na + , K + -ATPase. In vitro studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity revealed that inhibition was more in tissue extract of brain than muscle and gill. Kinetic studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity suggested that Piscicide is a non-competitive inhibitor. Noxious effect of extract was reversible. Hence, fruits of Z. armatum can advantageously be used as an effective Piscicide in fish nursery management.
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Effect of alcohol extract of a natural Piscicide — Fruits of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. on Mg2+- and Na+, K+-ATPase activity in various tissues of a freshwater air-breathing fish, Heteropneustes fossilis
Aquaculture, 2008Co-Authors: S N Ramanujam, B K RathaAbstract:Abstract Effect of ethyl alcohol extract of fruits of a piscicidal plant, Zanthoxylum armatum DC., was evaluated on Mg 2+ - and Na + , K + -ATPase activity in different tissues of a carnivorous air-breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis . Exposure of fish to various concentrations of extract, and at LC 50 concentration for different time intervals revealed significant inhibition of enzyme activity in liver, brain and muscle tissues. Tissue specific inhibition was both dose and time dependent, and reversible. Activity of Mg 2+ -ATPase was inhibited more than that of Na + , K + -ATPase. In vitro studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity revealed that inhibition was more in tissue extract of brain than muscle and gill. Kinetic studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity suggested that Piscicide is a non-competitive inhibitor. Noxious effect of extract was reversible. Hence, fruits of Z. armatum can advantageously be used as an effective Piscicide in fish nursery management.
S N Ramanujam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of alcohol extract of a natural Piscicide fruits of zanthoxylum armatum dc on mg2 and na k atpase activity in various tissues of a freshwater air breathing fish heteropneustes fossilis
Aquaculture, 2008Co-Authors: S N Ramanujam, B K RathaAbstract:Abstract Effect of ethyl alcohol extract of fruits of a piscicidal plant, Zanthoxylum armatum DC., was evaluated on Mg 2+ - and Na + , K + -ATPase activity in different tissues of a carnivorous air-breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis . Exposure of fish to various concentrations of extract, and at LC 50 concentration for different time intervals revealed significant inhibition of enzyme activity in liver, brain and muscle tissues. Tissue specific inhibition was both dose and time dependent, and reversible. Activity of Mg 2+ -ATPase was inhibited more than that of Na + , K + -ATPase. In vitro studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity revealed that inhibition was more in tissue extract of brain than muscle and gill. Kinetic studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity suggested that Piscicide is a non-competitive inhibitor. Noxious effect of extract was reversible. Hence, fruits of Z. armatum can advantageously be used as an effective Piscicide in fish nursery management.
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Effect of alcohol extract of a natural Piscicide — Fruits of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. on Mg2+- and Na+, K+-ATPase activity in various tissues of a freshwater air-breathing fish, Heteropneustes fossilis
Aquaculture, 2008Co-Authors: S N Ramanujam, B K RathaAbstract:Abstract Effect of ethyl alcohol extract of fruits of a piscicidal plant, Zanthoxylum armatum DC., was evaluated on Mg 2+ - and Na + , K + -ATPase activity in different tissues of a carnivorous air-breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis . Exposure of fish to various concentrations of extract, and at LC 50 concentration for different time intervals revealed significant inhibition of enzyme activity in liver, brain and muscle tissues. Tissue specific inhibition was both dose and time dependent, and reversible. Activity of Mg 2+ -ATPase was inhibited more than that of Na + , K + -ATPase. In vitro studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity revealed that inhibition was more in tissue extract of brain than muscle and gill. Kinetic studies on Mg 2+ -ATPase activity suggested that Piscicide is a non-competitive inhibitor. Noxious effect of extract was reversible. Hence, fruits of Z. armatum can advantageously be used as an effective Piscicide in fish nursery management.
Matt J Griffin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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outbreaks of edwardsiellosis caused by edwardsiella piscicida and edwardsiella tarda in farmed barramundi lates calcarifer
Aquaculture, 2017Co-Authors: Thomas P Loch, John P. Hawke, Stephen R Reichley, Mohamed Faisal, Fabio Del Piero, Matt J GriffinAbstract:Abstract The continued growth of the aquaculture industry and surging demand for barramundi ( Lates calcarifer ) has led to increased interest in farming this fish species in the USA. Regrettably, little is known about the fish-pathogenic microbes affecting barramundi, which limits aquaculture productivity outside its home range. Herein, we report on multiple outbreaks of edwardsiellosis associated with elevated mortality in US farmed barramundi stocks. Phenotypic characterization, gyrB sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, real-time multiplex PCR, and repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) fingerprinting identified the etiological agents as Edwardsiella tarda and E. piscicida . Plasmid profiling identified four unique E. tarda -associated plasmids encoding genes with putative functions relating to virulence (e.g., antibiotic resistance, cell killing, toxin delivery), plasmid replication/mobilization/integration, and a multitude of hypothetical proteins with unknown function. The external clinical signs in Edwardsiella tarda -infected barramundi included erythema and/or hemorrhage on the ventrum, gill pallor, and fin/oral cavity congestion, as well as internal hepatic pallor/mottling, erythema of the gastrointestinal tract, and evidence of previous hemorrhage within the swim bladder wall at necropsy. Edwardsiella piscicida -infected barramundi had similar external disease signs, but internally presented splenomegaly, renomegaly, and small whitish miliary nodules in the liver, spleen, and kidney. Histopathology on E. piscicida -infected tissues revealed granulomatous splenitis, hepatitis, and nephritis, with intrahistiocytic intracytoplasmic bacteria. Results from this study exemplify the damage E. tarda and E. piscicida can cause in farmed barramundi and highlight the need for appropriate disease control and prevention measures.
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histologic and molecular characterization of edwardsiella piscicida infection in largemouth bass micropterus salmoides
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2016Co-Authors: Susan B Fogelson, Stephen R Reichley, Cynthia Ware, Barbara D Petty, Paul R Bowser, Marcus J Crim, Rodman G Getchell, Kelly L Sams, Helene Marquis, Matt J GriffinAbstract:The genus Edwardsiella is composed of a diverse group of facultative anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria that can produce disease in a wide variety of hosts, including birds, reptiles, mammals, and fish. Our report describes the isolation and identification of Edwardsiella piscicida associated with chronic mortality events in 2 separate captive largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) populations in New York and Florida. Wet-mount biopsies of skin mucus, gill, kidney, and spleen from several affected largemouth bass contained significant numbers of motile bacteria. Histologic examination revealed multifocal areas of necrosis scattered throughout the heart, liver, anterior kidney, posterior kidney, and spleen. Many of the necrotic foci were encapsulated or replaced by discrete granulomas and associated with colonies of gram-negative bacteria. Initial phenotypic and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometric analysis against existing spectral databases of recovered isolates identified these bacteria as Edwardsiella tarda Subsequent molecular analysis using repetitive sequence mediated and species-specific PCR, as well as 16S rRNA, rpoB, and gyrB sequences, classified these isolates as E. piscicida As a newly designated taxon, E. piscicida should be considered as a differential for multiorgan necrosis and granulomas in largemouth bass.
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real time polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection and quantification of edwardsiella tarda edwardsiella piscicida and edwardsiella piscicida like species in catfish tissues and pond water
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2015Co-Authors: Stephen R Reichley, Cynthia Ware, Terrence E Greenway, David J Wise, Matt J GriffinAbstract:Researchers have proposed the adoption of 3 distinct genetic taxa among bacteria previously classified as Edwardsiella tarda; namely E. tarda, E. piscicida, and a taxon presently termed E. piscicid...
Takashi Aoki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Whole-Genome Sequence of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida Strain 91-197, Isolated from Hybrid Striped Bass (Morone sp.) in the United States.
Genome announcements, 2017Co-Authors: Yuki Teru, Tomoya Kono, Masahiro Sakai, Tomokazu Takano, John P. Hawke, Haruko Takeyama, Jun-ichi Hikima, Takashi AokiAbstract:ABSTRACT Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida is a causative bacterium of fish pasteurellosis, which has caused serious economic damage to aquaculture farms worldwide. Here, the whole-genome sequence of P. damselae subsp. piscicida 91-197, isolated in the United States, suggests that this genome consists of two chromosomes and two plasmids.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida Strain OT-51443 Isolated from Yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) in Japan
Genome announcements, 2017Co-Authors: Takashi Aoki, Yuki Teru, Natsuki Morimoto, Tomoya Kono, Masahiro Sakai, Tomokazu Takano, John P. Hawke, Yutaka Fukuda, Haruko Takeyama, Jun-ichi HikimaAbstract:ABSTRACT Pseudotuberculosis caused by infection of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida has caused serious economic damages to aquaculture farms worldwide. Here, the whole-genome sequence of P. damselae subsp. piscicida strain OT-51443, isolated in Japan, was determined and suggests that this genome consists of two chromosomes and five plasmids.
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comparative analysis and distribution of pp9014 a novel drug resistance incp 1 plasmid from photobacterium damselae subsp piscicida
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2013Co-Authors: Carmelo S Del Castillo, Takashi Aoki, Jun-ichi Hikima, Ikuo Hirono, Tae Sung Jung, Hidehiro Kondo, Ho Bin Jang, Hideaki Morii, Chihiro KurosakaAbstract:Abstract Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida , a causative agent of pseudotuberculosis, often harbours resistance plasmids (R plasmids) that facilitate horizontal gene transfer of drug resistance genes. R plasmid pP9014 was isolated from P. damselae subsp. piscicida and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined using Next Generation Sequencing technology. A protein network analysis was conducted to determine the relatedness of protein coding sequences, and ClustalW was used for the full nucleotide sequences. The occurrence of pP9014-like plasmids compared with pP99-018-like plasmids in a specific region was determined using probes for their transfer regions. pP9014 is 55851bp long with an overall GC content of 44.4% encoding 61 open reading frames (ORFs) including antimicrobial resistance genes and two conjugative transfer regions (Tra and Trb). The backbone showed highest similarity to Marinobacter adhaerens pHP-42 and Methylophaga sp. JAM7. pP9014 is similar to several IncP plasmids but forms a different subgroup. pP9014 is a unique plasmid in P. damselae subsp. piscicida and was not commonly found in drug-resistant P. damselae subsp. piscicida isolated from different areas and years in Japan. Plasmids similar to the previously reported pP99-018 are more widely distributed. This rarity suggests that plasmids similar to pP99-018 are more compatible with γ-proteobacteria. pP9014 is the first reported IncP-1 plasmid from fish pathogens. Its similarity to other IncP plasmids isolated from soil and human pathogens suggests that plasmids of the IncP-1 incompatibility group are vectors for the transfer of drug resistance genes among diverse environments.
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complete dna sequence and analysis of the transferable multiple drug resistance plasmids r plasmids from photobacterium damselae subsp piscicida isolates collected in japan and the united states
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2008Co-Authors: Mijung Kim, John P. Hawke, Ikuo Hirono, Ken Kurokawa, Takeshi Maki, Hidehiro Kondo, Mudjekeewis D Santos, Takashi AokiAbstract:Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida is a bacterial fish pathogen that causes a disease known as pasteurellosis. Two transferable multiple-drug resistance (R) plasmids, pP99-018 (carrying resistance to kanamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and sulfonamide) and pP91278 (carrying resistance to tetracycline, trimethoprim, and sulfonamide), isolated from P. damselae subsp. piscicida strains from Japan (P99-018) and the United States (P91278), respectively, were completely sequenced and analyzed, along with the multiple-drug resistance regions of three other R plasmids also from P. damselae subsp. piscicida strains from Japan. The sequence structures of pP99-018 (150,057 bp) and pP91278 (131,520 bp) were highly conserved, with differences due to variation in the drug resistance and conjugative transfer regions. These plasmids, shown to be closely related to the IncJ element R391 (a conjugative, self-transmitting, integrating element, or constin), were divided into the conjugative transfer, replication, partition, and multiple-drug resistance regions. Each of the five multiple-drug resistance regions sequenced exhibited unique drug resistance marker composition and arrangement.
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detection of quinolone resistance genes in photobacterium damselae subsp piscicida strains by targeting induced local lesions in genomes
Journal of Fish Diseases, 2005Co-Authors: M J Kim, Ikuo Hirono, Takashi AokiAbstract:Quinolone-resistant strains of the fish-pathogenic bacterium, Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida are distributed widely in cultured yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata (Temminck & Schlegel), in Japan. The quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) was amplified with degenerate primers, followed by cassette ligation-mediated PCR. Open reading frames encoding proteins of 875 and 755 amino acid residues were detected in the gyrA and parC genes, respectively. Resistant strains of P. damselae subsp. piscicida carried a point mutation only in the gyrA QRDR leading to a Ser-to-Ile substitution at residue position 83. No amino acid alterations were discovered in the ParC sequence. A mutation in the gyrA gene was also detected in nalidixic acid-resistant mutants of strain SP96002 obtained from agar medium containing increased levels of quinolone. These results suggest that GyrA, as in other Gram-negative bacteria, is a target of quinolone in P. damselae subsp. piscicida. Furthermore, we attempted to detect a point mutation using targeting-induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING), which is a general strategy used for the detection of a variety of induced point mutations and naturally occurring polymorphisms. We developed a new detection method for the rapid and large-scale identification of quinolone-resistant strains of P. damselae subsp. piscicida using TILLING.
Alicia E. Toranzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of different DNA-based fingerprinting methods for typing Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida.
Biological research, 2007Co-Authors: Monique Mancuso, Renata Zaccone, Alicia E. Toranzo, Ruben Avendaño-herrera, Beatriz MagariñosAbstract:This study evaluates the effectiveness of three different molecular techniques, repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence PCR (ERIC-PCR) and the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) for rapid typing of Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida strains isolated from different species of marine fish and geographic areas. The results obtained by the three methods showed that RAPD and ERIC-PCR were more discriminative for suitable rapid typing of Ph. damselae ssp. piscicida than REP-PCR. The analysis of DNA banding patterns generated by both molecular methods (RAPD and ERIC-PCR) clearly separated the strains into two main groups that strongly correlated with their geographic origin. Moreover, the REP-PCR analysis was less reproducible than the RAPD and ERIC-PCR methods and does not allow the establishment of genetic groups. RAPD and ERICPCR constitute valuable tools for molecular typing of Ph. damselae ssp. piscicida strains, which can be used in epidemiological studies of photobacteriosis infections.
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characterization of the 23s and 5s rrna genes and 23s 5s intergenic spacer region its 2 of photobacterium damselae
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2004Co-Authors: Carlos R. Osorio, Jesús L. Romalde, Matthew D. Collins, Alicia E. ToranzoAbstract:The 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene has been sequenced in strains of the fish pathogens Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (ATCC 33539) and subsp. piscicida (ATCC 29690), showing that 3 nucleotide positions are clearly different between subspecies. In addition, the 5S rRNA gene plus the intergenic spacer region between the 23S and 5S rRNA genes (ITS-2) were amplified, cloned and sequenced for the 2 reference strains as well as the field isolates RG91 (subsp. damselae) and DI21 (subsp. piscicida). A 100% similarity was found for the consensus 5S rRNA gene sequence in the 2 subspecies, although some microheterogeneity was detected as inter-cistronic vari- ability within the same chromosome. Sequence analysis of the spacer region between the 23S and 5S rRNA genes revealed 2 conserved and 3 variable nucleotide sequence blocks, and 4 different modu- lar organizations were found. The ITS-2 spacer region exhibited both inter-subspecies and inter- cistronic polymorphism, with a mosaic-like structure. The EMBL accession numbers for the 23S, 5S and ITS-2 sequences are: P. damselae subsp. piscicida 5S gene (AJ274379), P. damselae subsp. damselae 23S gene (Y18520), subsp. piscicida 23S gene (Y17901), P. damselae subsp. piscicida ITS-2 (AJ250695, AJ250696), P. damselae subsp. damselae ITS-2 (AJ250697, AJ250698).
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Existence of two geographically-linked clonal lineages in the bacterial fish pathogen Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida evidenced by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis.
Epidemiology and infection, 2000Co-Authors: Beatriz Magariños, Juan L. Barja, Alicia E. Toranzo, Jesús L. RomaldeAbstract:In this work, we applied the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique to evaluate the genetic diversity in Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (formerly Pasteurella piscicida), an important pathogen for different marine fish. Regardless of the oligonucleotide primer employed, the 29 isolates of Ph. damselae subsp. piscicida tested were separated into two groups, the RAPD-PCR analysis differentiated the European strains from the Japanese strains. The similarity between both groups estimated on the basis of the Dice coefficient was 75-80%. These results show that European and Japanese isolates of Ph. damselae subsp. piscicida, regardless of their host fish species, belong to two different clonal lineages. Our findings also indicate that RAPD profiling constitutes a useful tool for epidemiological studies of this fish pathogen.
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16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis of Photobacterium damselae and Nested PCR Method for Rapid Detection of the Causative Agent of Fish Pasteurellosis
Applied and environmental microbiology, 1999Co-Authors: Carlos R. Osorio, Juan L. Barja, Alicia E. Toranzo, Matthew D. Collins, Jesús L. RomaldeAbstract:The causative agent of fish pasteurellosis, the organism formerly known as Pasteurella piscicida, has been reclassified as Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and chromosomal DNA-DNA hybridization data; thus, this organism belongs to the same species as Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (formerly Vibrio damselae). Since reassignment of P. damselae subsp. piscicida was based on only two strains, one objective of the present work was to confirm the taxonomic position of this fish pathogen by sequencing the 16S rRNA genes of 26 strains having different geographic and host origins. In addition, a nested PCR protocol for detection of P. damselae based on 16S rRNA was developed. This PCR protocol was validated by testing 35 target and 24 nontarget pure cultures, and the detection limits obtained ranged from 1 pg to 10 fg of DNA (200 to 20 cells). A similar level of sensitivity was observed when the PCR protocol was applied to fish tissues spiked with bacteria. The PCR approach described in this paper allows detection of the pathogen in mixed plate cultures obtained from asymptomatic fish suspected to be carriers of P. damselae subsp. piscicida, in which growth of this bacterium cannot be visualized. Our results indicate that the selective primers which we designed represent a powerful tool for sensitive and specific detection of fish pasteurellosis.
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response of pasteurella piscicida and flexibacter maritimus to skin mucus of marine fish
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 1995Co-Authors: Beatriz Magariños, Jesús L. Romalde, F Pazos, Ysabel Santos, Alicia E. ToranzoAbstract:The antibacterial activity present in the s k ~ n mucus of turbot Scophthalmus maximus, seabream Sparus aurdtd and seabass Dicentrarchus labrdx against Pasteul-ella piscicida and Flex~bacter maritimus was evaluated. Using assays on agar plates, none of the mucus samples from the above fish showed any antibacterial activity against E maritimus isolates. Turbot mucus inhibited the growth of the P piscicida but mucus from seabream and seabass did not. Assays in liquid systems to determine the survival of the above pathogens In the presence of skin mucus corroborated the results obtained by the agar plate method. The bactericidal properties of the mucus were lost after heat treatment at pH 3.5 and all skin mucus samples displayed act~vity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, a straln resistant to lysozyme. These findings indicated that thermolabile substances other than lysozyme were responsible for the antibacterial activity in mucus of marine fish. Enzymatic and heat treatments of the mucus also showed that factors other than complement were involved and that the active component(s) was likely a glycoprotein. Regardless of the source of isolation and degree of virulence, all P piscicida and E maritimus strains adhered strongly to the skin mucus of the 3 fish species tested. Taking all of the foregoing results into consideration, it appears that whereas a possible portal of entry for E maritlmus Into the fish body is the skin, in P piscicida another pathway must be involved.