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Ahmet Onay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Micropropagation of mature male pistachio Pistacia vera L.
The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2008Co-Authors: Engin Tilkat, Ahmet Onay, Hakan Yildirim, H. Çetin OzenAbstract:SummaryFactors affecting the successful rapid proliferation and rooting of male pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cv. Atli, were studied. The most suitable type of cytokinin [6 benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (Kin), or thidiazuron (TDZ)], and the effect of eight different concentrations of BA (0.0675, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 mg l–1) were evaluated to optimise shoot proliferation. The auxins -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), each at 2.0 mg l–1, or different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 mg l–1) of IBA, and the effect of explant size (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, or 4.0 cm) were assessed for root induction. The highest number of new microshoots per explant (5.64 ± 0.07) was obtained 4 weeks after culturing on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l–1 BA. Again, shoot length was highest in 1.0 mg l–1 BA, and decreased as the BA concentration increased. IBA was most effective in promoting root formation. The highest rooting fre...
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In vitro Micrografting of Mature Pistachio ( Pistacia vera var. Siirt)
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2004Co-Authors: Ahmet Onay, Hakan Yildirim, V. Pirinç, D. BasaranAbstract:The success of various in vitro micrografting methods of shoot tips of pistachio (Pistacia vera L. var. Siirt) have been examined. Excised zygotic embryos that germinated in vitro were used as rootstocks. Current year shoot tips from mature trees of pistachio micrografted onto in vitro juvenile rootstocks, resulted in the restoration of shoot-bud proliferation. Variables tested include a size of microscion, grafting method, effects of culture medium and effects of time of the year at which shoot tips were used. The results indicate that the easiest and most successful method for grafting was slit micrografting. High levels of micrograft take were achieved with 2–4 mm (56.75%) and 4–6 mm (79.25%) long scions obtained from the regenerated shoot tips. The survival rate of the shoot tips was directly related to time of the year. The best growth of microscion was obtained with the in vitro forced shoot tips rather than with shoot tips excised from tree. Slow growth and lack of axillary shoot development on the micrografts was noticeable when the micrografts were cultured on hormone-free and germination medium. In vitro micrografted plantlets were successfully weaned and no problems were encountered with the establishment of micrografted plants in vivo.
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In Vivo and in Vitro Micrografting of Pistachio, Pistacia vera L. cv. "Siirt"
Turkish Journal of Biology, 2003Co-Authors: Ahmet Onay, Vedat Pirinç, Filiz Adiyaman, Çiğdem Işikalan, Engin Tilkat, Davut BaşaranAbstract:In this study, the success of in vivo and in vitro micrografts of pistachio (Pistacia vera L. cv. "Siirt") materials are presented. The only variable tested was age (1, 5, 10, and 30-year-old trees). Ten- to 12-day-old axenic seedlings germinated in vitro or seedlings (3 to 5 months-old) grown in pots in vivo were used as rootstocks. Shoot tips collected from the four age classes of mature trees of pistachio were the source of scions. Firm contact between the scion and rootstock was assured through the use of parafilm tape at the graft junction for in vivo micrografts. The in vivo micrografting system provided good growth and development for new axillary shoots. These plantlets were successfully transplanted and no problems were encountered with the establishment of micrografted plants in soil. The recovery of microscions was slow, but the use of micrografts onto herbaceous rootstocks proved a useful technique. Antepf›st›¤›n›n (Pistacia vera L. cv. "Siirt") ‹n Vitro ve ‹n Vivo Mikro Afl›lanmas› Ozet: Bu cal›flmada Antep f›st›¤›n›n (Pistacia vera L. cv. "Siirt") in vitro ve in vivo mikro afl›lanmas› araflt›r›ld›. Cal›flmada farkl› yafl grubu aaclardan (1, 5, 10, 30 y›ll›k) al›nan mikroceliklerin in vivo ve in vitro ortamda afl› tutma oranlar› rapor edildi. ‹n vitro mikro afl›lamada, laboratuvarda sterilize edilen tohumlardan, Murashige ve Skoog (MS) besi ortamlar›nda cimlendirilen 10-12 gunluk fideler anac olarak kullan›l›rken, in vivo mikro afl›lamada 3 ayl›k fideler anac olarak kullan›ld›. ‹n vivo mikro afl›lamada, celik ile anac aras›ndaki destek ve kaynaflmay› salamak icin parafilm bant kullan›ld›. ‹n vivo mikro afl›l› fidelerde daha fazla surgun olufltuu ve daha iyi buyume gozlendii gibi tarla koflullar›na aktar›ld›ktan sonra geliflmelerine devam ettiler. Yumuflak dokulu genc anaclarda mikroceliklerin (meristemlerin) geliflmesi deerlendirildiinde, Antep f›st›¤›n›n klonal coalt›m› icin faydal› bir teknik olabilecei kan›s›nday›z.
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Somatic Embryogenesis in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)
Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants, 2000Co-Authors: Ahmet Onay, C E JeffreeAbstract:Pistacia vera L. (Pistachio) is a dioecious tree species widely cultivated in Iran, the Mediterranean regions of Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, China and California for its edible nuts. Currently, interest in Pistachio regeneration is very high in Iran, Turkey and California, as it is generally recognised that Pistachio nuts are easily converted into liquid cash. In common with many other commercially important fruit and nut tree species, Pistachio does not reproduce true-to-type when propagated from seed. Therefore, in current and traditional horticultural practice, Pistachio nut trees with desirable properties are usually propagated by budding or grafting onto rootstocks or from rooted cuttings. Difficulties in rooting of cuttings favour the use of grafting and budding methods, but incompatibility between rootstock and scion, frequently necessitates inter-grafting. In addition, being labour-intensive, grafting is slow and expensive, limiting the number of propagated plants which can be produced. The expansion of Pistachio plantations has been limited by using the traditional methods, and alternative methods are required for the clonal propagation of large numbers of elite Pistachio nut varieties with proven desirable characteristics. Intensive clonal propagation of elite Pistachio varieties through plant tissue, organ and cell techniques could benefit the Pistachio industry just as it has already done with species such as Carica candamarcensis and Phoenix dactilifera (Jordan et al. 1983; Reynolds 1982). This review summarizes the current status of somatic embryogenesis in Pistachio, and describes tissue culture studies carried out on one Pistachio species (P. vera L.) at the University of Edinburgh.
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Plant regeneration from encapsulated embryoids and an embryogenic mass of pistachio, Pistacia vera L.
Plant cell reports, 1996Co-Authors: Ahmet Onay, C E Jeffree, Michael M. YeomanAbstract:Pieces of an embryogenic mass (EMS) induced in culture from immature fruits of pistachio, Pistacia vera L., were encapsulated into calcium alginate beads. Somatic embryos were also encapsulated individually into calcium alginate beads to produce synthetic seeds. The viability of the encapsulated EMS and somatic embryos was investigated immediately following encapsulation, and after storage for 60 days at 4°C. The encapsulated-stored EMS fragments recovered their original proliferative capacity after two months storage following two sub-cultures, but non-encapsulated-stored EMS failed to recover. The conversion frequency of synthetic seeds to seedling plants was 14% after storage for 60 days at 4°C, from which it may be concluded that encapsulation is a practical procedure for short-term storage of embryogenic pistachio tissue, and may be applicable to the preservation of desirable elite genotypes.
Maurizio Delfini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Monitoring of pistachio (Pistacia vera) ripening by high field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Natural product research, 2016Co-Authors: Fabio Sciubba, Damiano Avanzato, Angela Vaccaro, Giorgio Capuani, Mariangela Spagnoli, Maria Enrica Di Cocco, I. Tzareva, Maurizio DelfiniAbstract:AbstractThe metabolic profiling of pistachio (Pistacia vera) aqueous extracts from two different cultivars, namely ‘Bianca’ and ‘Gloria’, was monitored over the months from May to September employing high field NMR spectroscopy. A large number of water-soluble metabolites were assigned by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The change in the metabolic profiles monitored over time allowed the pistachio development to be investigated. Specific temporal trends of amino acids, sugars, organic acids and other metabolites were observed and analysed by multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. Statistical analysis showed that while in the period from May to September there were few differences between the two cultivars, the ripening rate was different.
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nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of water soluble metabolites allows the geographic discrimination of pistachios Pistacia vera
Food Research International, 2014Co-Authors: Fabio Sciubba, Damiano Avanzato, Giorgio Capuani, Maria Enrica Di Cocco, Maurizio DelfiniAbstract:Aqueous extracts of roasted pistachio (Pistacia vera) from different geographic origin were analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Forty-eight water-soluble metabolites, classified in organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates and miscellaneous metabolites, were identified by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments, and twenty-eight of them were quantified. The different metabolite contents highlighted that pistachios from different regions have peculiar metabolic features that could be employed for quality control and to improve the requisites for protected or certified designation of origin regulations. For these purposes, multivariate statistic analysis (PCA and PLS-DA) was applied to the obtained metabolite profiles in order to assess the geographic origin of nuts from Aleppo (Syria), Sanliurfa (Turkey), Rafsanjan (Iran) and Bronte (Italy), and spontaneous clustering was observed.
C E Jeffree - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Somatic Embryogenesis in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)
Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants, 2000Co-Authors: Ahmet Onay, C E JeffreeAbstract:Pistacia vera L. (Pistachio) is a dioecious tree species widely cultivated in Iran, the Mediterranean regions of Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, China and California for its edible nuts. Currently, interest in Pistachio regeneration is very high in Iran, Turkey and California, as it is generally recognised that Pistachio nuts are easily converted into liquid cash. In common with many other commercially important fruit and nut tree species, Pistachio does not reproduce true-to-type when propagated from seed. Therefore, in current and traditional horticultural practice, Pistachio nut trees with desirable properties are usually propagated by budding or grafting onto rootstocks or from rooted cuttings. Difficulties in rooting of cuttings favour the use of grafting and budding methods, but incompatibility between rootstock and scion, frequently necessitates inter-grafting. In addition, being labour-intensive, grafting is slow and expensive, limiting the number of propagated plants which can be produced. The expansion of Pistachio plantations has been limited by using the traditional methods, and alternative methods are required for the clonal propagation of large numbers of elite Pistachio nut varieties with proven desirable characteristics. Intensive clonal propagation of elite Pistachio varieties through plant tissue, organ and cell techniques could benefit the Pistachio industry just as it has already done with species such as Carica candamarcensis and Phoenix dactilifera (Jordan et al. 1983; Reynolds 1982). This review summarizes the current status of somatic embryogenesis in Pistachio, and describes tissue culture studies carried out on one Pistachio species (P. vera L.) at the University of Edinburgh.
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Plant regeneration from encapsulated embryoids and an embryogenic mass of pistachio, Pistacia vera L.
Plant cell reports, 1996Co-Authors: Ahmet Onay, C E Jeffree, Michael M. YeomanAbstract:Pieces of an embryogenic mass (EMS) induced in culture from immature fruits of pistachio, Pistacia vera L., were encapsulated into calcium alginate beads. Somatic embryos were also encapsulated individually into calcium alginate beads to produce synthetic seeds. The viability of the encapsulated EMS and somatic embryos was investigated immediately following encapsulation, and after storage for 60 days at 4°C. The encapsulated-stored EMS fragments recovered their original proliferative capacity after two months storage following two sub-cultures, but non-encapsulated-stored EMS failed to recover. The conversion frequency of synthetic seeds to seedling plants was 14% after storage for 60 days at 4°C, from which it may be concluded that encapsulation is a practical procedure for short-term storage of embryogenic pistachio tissue, and may be applicable to the preservation of desirable elite genotypes.
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Somatic embryogenesis in cultured immature kernels of Pistachio, Pistacia vera L.
Plant cell reports, 1995Co-Authors: A Onay, C E Jeffree, M M YeomanAbstract:Embryogenic tissue was produced from kernels of immature fruits of Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultured in liquid Murashige and Skoog media, supplemented with 200 mgl(-1) casein hydrolysate, 114 μM 1-ascorbic acid, and benzylaminopurine. Compact embryogenic masses differentiated directly from the fruit explants after culture for 2 weeks in liquid medium with 8.9 μM benzylaminopurine. After transfer of the embryogenic masses into the same medium, but with 4.4 μM benzylaminopurine, somatic embryos appeared. Several stages of embryogenesis were present in the cultures. Adventive embryos were readily separated from the friable embryogenic masses by shaking. Separated somatic embryos, germinated on solidified Murashige & Skoog medium without growth regulators, developed into plantlets.
D. Basaran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vitro Micrografting of Mature Pistachio ( Pistacia vera var. Siirt)
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2004Co-Authors: Ahmet Onay, Hakan Yildirim, V. Pirinç, D. BasaranAbstract:The success of various in vitro micrografting methods of shoot tips of pistachio (Pistacia vera L. var. Siirt) have been examined. Excised zygotic embryos that germinated in vitro were used as rootstocks. Current year shoot tips from mature trees of pistachio micrografted onto in vitro juvenile rootstocks, resulted in the restoration of shoot-bud proliferation. Variables tested include a size of microscion, grafting method, effects of culture medium and effects of time of the year at which shoot tips were used. The results indicate that the easiest and most successful method for grafting was slit micrografting. High levels of micrograft take were achieved with 2–4 mm (56.75%) and 4–6 mm (79.25%) long scions obtained from the regenerated shoot tips. The survival rate of the shoot tips was directly related to time of the year. The best growth of microscion was obtained with the in vitro forced shoot tips rather than with shoot tips excised from tree. Slow growth and lack of axillary shoot development on the micrografts was noticeable when the micrografts were cultured on hormone-free and germination medium. In vitro micrografted plantlets were successfully weaned and no problems were encountered with the establishment of micrografted plants in vivo.
Fabio Sciubba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Monitoring of pistachio (Pistacia vera) ripening by high field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Natural product research, 2016Co-Authors: Fabio Sciubba, Damiano Avanzato, Angela Vaccaro, Giorgio Capuani, Mariangela Spagnoli, Maria Enrica Di Cocco, I. Tzareva, Maurizio DelfiniAbstract:AbstractThe metabolic profiling of pistachio (Pistacia vera) aqueous extracts from two different cultivars, namely ‘Bianca’ and ‘Gloria’, was monitored over the months from May to September employing high field NMR spectroscopy. A large number of water-soluble metabolites were assigned by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The change in the metabolic profiles monitored over time allowed the pistachio development to be investigated. Specific temporal trends of amino acids, sugars, organic acids and other metabolites were observed and analysed by multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. Statistical analysis showed that while in the period from May to September there were few differences between the two cultivars, the ripening rate was different.
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nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of water soluble metabolites allows the geographic discrimination of pistachios Pistacia vera
Food Research International, 2014Co-Authors: Fabio Sciubba, Damiano Avanzato, Giorgio Capuani, Maria Enrica Di Cocco, Maurizio DelfiniAbstract:Aqueous extracts of roasted pistachio (Pistacia vera) from different geographic origin were analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Forty-eight water-soluble metabolites, classified in organic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates and miscellaneous metabolites, were identified by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments, and twenty-eight of them were quantified. The different metabolite contents highlighted that pistachios from different regions have peculiar metabolic features that could be employed for quality control and to improve the requisites for protected or certified designation of origin regulations. For these purposes, multivariate statistic analysis (PCA and PLS-DA) was applied to the obtained metabolite profiles in order to assess the geographic origin of nuts from Aleppo (Syria), Sanliurfa (Turkey), Rafsanjan (Iran) and Bronte (Italy), and spontaneous clustering was observed.