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Masaya Matsumura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Laodelphax striatellus in the Temperate Zone
2016Co-Authors: Overwintering Small, Masaya Matsumura, In East Asia, Sachiyo Sanada-morimura, Akira Otuka, Tomoki Etoh, Yeqin Zhu, Yijun Zhou, Gufeng ZhangAbstract:Overseas migration of the small brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén), occurs during the winter wheat harvest season in East Asia. Knowing the take-off time of emigrat-ing L. striatellus is crucial for predicting such migrations with a simulation technique be-cause winds, carriers of migratory insects, change continuously. Several methods were used in China and Japan from late May to early June 2012 and again in 2013 to identify the precise timing of take-off. These methods included: a tow net trap mounted to a pole at 10 m above the ground, a helicopter-towed net trap, and a canopy trap (which also had video monitoring) set over wheat plants. Laodelphax striatellus emigrated from wheat fields mainly in the early evening, before dusk. The insects also emigrated during the daytime but rarely emigrated at dawn, showing a pattern that is unlike the bimodal emigration at dusk and dawn of two other rice Planthoppers, the brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), and the white-backed Planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth). There was no significant differ-ence in the temporal pattern of take-off behavior between females and males of Japanese L. striatellus populations
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insecticide susceptibilities in populations of two rice Planthoppers nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera immigrating into japan in the period 2005 2012
Pest Management Science, 2014Co-Authors: Masaya Matsumura, Akira Otuka, Sachiyo Sanadamorimura, Hiroaki Takeuchi, Reiko Ohtsu, Shinji Sakumoto, Masaru SatohAbstract:BACKGROUND The brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens and the whitebacked Planthopper Sogatella furcifera are both important pests on rice throughout Asia. The major cause of recent outbreaks is thought to be the development of insecticide resistance. Thus, the authors monitored insecticide susceptibilities in populations of these two insects immigrating into Japan in the period 2005–2012. Ten insecticides were tested, including members of the organophosphate, carbamate, pyrethroid, neonicotinoid and phenylpyrazole groups. RESULTS The LD50 values of N. lugens against imidacloprid increased from 2005 (0.7 µg g−1) to 2012 (98.5 µg g−1). The resistance ratio (LD50 value in 2012/baseline LD50 value in 1992) was 615.5. In contrast, LD50 values of N. lugens against fipronil were <1.0 µg g−1 up to 2012, suggesting that N. lugens had developed no insecticide resistance to this insecticide. However, S. furcifera exhibited resistance against fipronil up to 2012. Except for the case of malathion, the resistances of N. lugens against members of the organophosphate and carbamate groups were closely similar in the period 2005–2012 to earlier determinations in 1984 and 1985. CONCLUSION Species-specific insecticide resistance (imidacloprid resistance in N. lugens and fipronil resistance in S. furcifera) is ongoing in populations of the two Planthoppers immigrating into Japan. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
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male killing caused by a spiroplasma symbiont in the small brown Planthopper laodelphax striatellus
Journal of Heredity, 2013Co-Authors: Sachiyo Sanadamorimura, Masaya Matsumura, Hiroaki NodaAbstract:Spiroplasma-mediated late male killing was found in the small brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus. Female-biased colonies (maternal lines, N = 4) were established from Planthoppers collected in Taiwan and Japan. This sex ratio distortion was maternally inherited (sex ratio of total number of progenies [female:male]: 488:0 in F1, 198:7 in F2, 407:0 in F3; likelihood ratio test of all generations, P < 0.0001) and caused by male death during nymphal stages. The female-biased colonies were doubly infected with Spiroplasma and Wolbachia, and the non-biased colonies were infected solely with Wolbachia. Antibiotic treatment resulted in a normal sex ratio, strongly suggesting that bacteria are manipulating host reproduction. Spiroplasma-singly-infected Planthopper colonies created by the antibiotic treatment produced progeny with strongly female-biased sex ratios (181:2; likelihood ratio test, χ(2) = 231.6, P < 0.0001). This is the first report of Spiroplasma-mediated male killing in hemimetabolous insects.
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mitochondrial cox sequences of nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera hemiptera delphacidae low specificity among asian Planthopper populations
Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2013Co-Authors: Yukiko Matsumoto, Yuki Sato, Masaya Matsumura, Sachiyo Sanadamorimura, Yoshio Hirai, Hiroaki NodaAbstract:The brown Planthoppers (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) and the white-backed Planthoppers (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) annually migrate from tropical and subtropical regions to temperate regions in Asia, including Japan, Korea and northern China. To elucidate the genetic divergence based on geography of Planthoppers and to estimate their migration route on the basis of molecular data, we analysed a part of their mitochondrial genome sequences. Sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I ( cox1 ) – transfer RNA for Leu ( trnL2 ) – cox2 were determined for 579 BPH (1,928 bp) and 464 WBPH (1,927 bp) individuals collected from 31 and 25 locations, respectively, in East and Southeast Asia. Thirty and 20 mitochondrial haplotypes were detected for BPH and WBPH, respectively. Single populations of both Planthoppers included multiple haplotypes, and many haplotypes were shared in some populations and areas. The most frequently detected haplotypes accounted for approximately 50% of all BPH and WBPH individuals. To evaluate gene flow among Planthoppers in different regions in Asia, pairwise fixation index ( Fst ) values were calculated. For BPH, high Fst values (0.580–0.926) were shown between Planthoppers in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the other areas and moderate Fst values (0.176–0.362) were observed between those in southern Philippines and other areas. For WBPH, the Fst value was the highest between Taiwan and southern Vietnam (0.236), and low among the other areas. AMOVA indicated no genetic structure among eight areas, excluding southern Philippines and PNG, for BPH, and among ten areas for WBPH. These data indicate that both Planthoppers do not show much differentiation of local populations and/or have genetically intermixed Asian populations. These data also indicate that it may be difficult to distinguish regional Planthopper populations on the basis of differences in mitochondrial sequences.
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annual fluctuations in the immigrant density of rice Planthoppers sogatella furcifera and nilaparvata lugens hemiptera delphacidae in the kyushu district of japan and associated meteorological conditions
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2012Co-Authors: Shinichirou Syobu, Akira Otuka, Masaya MatsumuraAbstract:We analyzed overseas immigrations of rice Planthoppers in Kyushu, Japan, based on trap data collected during June–July in 2000–2011. The immigrant density was high in 2006, whereas it was low in 2008 and 2011. To understand these annual fluctuations, we investigated the relationships among trap catches and the following three meteorological conditions: (1) the average temperature during January–February in North Vietnam (T NV), where Planthoppers successfully overwinter; (2) the strong upper wind from North Vietnam to South China in April–May (UWVC), when the first stage of migration occurs; (3) the strong upper wind from South China to Kyushu in June–July (UWCJ), when the second stage of migration occurs. In 2008 and 2011, T NV values were 2.4–3.0 °C below the 2000–2011 average of 17.4 °C, and there were 9–13 fewer days with a strong upper wind (UWVC + UWCJ) in April–July compared with the 2000–2011 average of 25 days. This study showed that the rice Planthopper immigrant density during the last 12 years correlated significantly with T NV and the number of days with a strong upper wind (UWVC + UWCJ) in April–July. Thus, the meteorological conditions affected the immigrant density of rice Planthoppers in Kyushu.
Hiroaki Noda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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male killing caused by a spiroplasma symbiont in the small brown Planthopper laodelphax striatellus
Journal of Heredity, 2013Co-Authors: Sachiyo Sanadamorimura, Masaya Matsumura, Hiroaki NodaAbstract:Spiroplasma-mediated late male killing was found in the small brown Planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus. Female-biased colonies (maternal lines, N = 4) were established from Planthoppers collected in Taiwan and Japan. This sex ratio distortion was maternally inherited (sex ratio of total number of progenies [female:male]: 488:0 in F1, 198:7 in F2, 407:0 in F3; likelihood ratio test of all generations, P < 0.0001) and caused by male death during nymphal stages. The female-biased colonies were doubly infected with Spiroplasma and Wolbachia, and the non-biased colonies were infected solely with Wolbachia. Antibiotic treatment resulted in a normal sex ratio, strongly suggesting that bacteria are manipulating host reproduction. Spiroplasma-singly-infected Planthopper colonies created by the antibiotic treatment produced progeny with strongly female-biased sex ratios (181:2; likelihood ratio test, χ(2) = 231.6, P < 0.0001). This is the first report of Spiroplasma-mediated male killing in hemimetabolous insects.
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mitochondrial cox sequences of nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera hemiptera delphacidae low specificity among asian Planthopper populations
Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2013Co-Authors: Yukiko Matsumoto, Yuki Sato, Masaya Matsumura, Sachiyo Sanadamorimura, Yoshio Hirai, Hiroaki NodaAbstract:The brown Planthoppers (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) and the white-backed Planthoppers (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) annually migrate from tropical and subtropical regions to temperate regions in Asia, including Japan, Korea and northern China. To elucidate the genetic divergence based on geography of Planthoppers and to estimate their migration route on the basis of molecular data, we analysed a part of their mitochondrial genome sequences. Sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I ( cox1 ) – transfer RNA for Leu ( trnL2 ) – cox2 were determined for 579 BPH (1,928 bp) and 464 WBPH (1,927 bp) individuals collected from 31 and 25 locations, respectively, in East and Southeast Asia. Thirty and 20 mitochondrial haplotypes were detected for BPH and WBPH, respectively. Single populations of both Planthoppers included multiple haplotypes, and many haplotypes were shared in some populations and areas. The most frequently detected haplotypes accounted for approximately 50% of all BPH and WBPH individuals. To evaluate gene flow among Planthoppers in different regions in Asia, pairwise fixation index ( Fst ) values were calculated. For BPH, high Fst values (0.580–0.926) were shown between Planthoppers in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the other areas and moderate Fst values (0.176–0.362) were observed between those in southern Philippines and other areas. For WBPH, the Fst value was the highest between Taiwan and southern Vietnam (0.236), and low among the other areas. AMOVA indicated no genetic structure among eight areas, excluding southern Philippines and PNG, for BPH, and among ten areas for WBPH. These data indicate that both Planthoppers do not show much differentiation of local populations and/or have genetically intermixed Asian populations. These data also indicate that it may be difficult to distinguish regional Planthopper populations on the basis of differences in mitochondrial sequences.
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presence of a short repeat sequence in internal transcribed spacer its 1 of the rrna gene of sogatella furcifera hemiptera delphacidae from geographically different populations in asia
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2012Co-Authors: Yukiko Matsumoto, Yuki Sato, Masaya Matsumura, Yoshio Hirai, Hiroaki NodaAbstract:Nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1)–5.8S–ITS2 region of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene were determined in the white-backed Planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) to detect molecular variation among regional populations in Asia. We analyzed 932 sequences from 172 individuals (4–9 clones per individual) of 33 populations collected in 1987–2008 from six countries, Japan, China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Philippines, and Papua New Guinea. WBPH showed intra-individual variation in ITS1, which is mainly attributable to the frequency (0–10) of the 66-bp repeat sequence in ITS1. Among the examined clones, the sequences of 5.8S were mostly identical and those of ITS2 were similar. A single Planthopper had a maximum of 6 different variants in the number of ITS1 repeats, suggesting highly varied repeat numbers in individual Planthoppers. The ITS1 with four repeats was the most frequently (64%) detected. Such a repeat was not observed in two other economically important Planthopper species, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) and Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen). The ITS nucleotide sequences in the WBPH populations in Asia were genetically close and some variations in the sequences were not related to regional populations, indicating that the nucleotide sequences of the ITS region are not useful for geographical discrimination of the WBPH. This closeness seems to be caused by long distance migration and genetic exchange among populations.
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the strepsipteran parasite elenchus japonicus strepsiptera elenchidae of Planthoppers consists of three genotypes
Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2011Co-Authors: Yukiko Matsumoto, Sugihiko Hoshizaki, Yuki Sato, Masaya Matsumura, Hiroaki NodaAbstract:The twisted-wing parasite Elenchus japonicus is a major parasitoid of rice Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), including the brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, the white-backed Planthopper Sogatella furcifera, and the small brown Planthopper Laodelphax striatellus. Another Elenchus species, E. yasumatsui, which is considered to be synonymous with E. japonicus, has also been described in southern Asia. However, limited biological and molecular data on this important parasitoid of rice Planthoppers are available. In this study, E. japonicas-stylopized Planthoppers were obtained from various regions in Asia and Japan. Sequences of the nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene of the strepsipterans were analyzed from 40 samples of E. japonicus: 14 from N. lugens, 6 from S. furcifera and 20 from L. striatellus. Sequence analysis of these samples revealed three genotypes of E. japonicus. Of the three types of E. japonicus, one was isolated only from L. striatellus from northern Japan. The other two types were found in all three rice Planthopper species collected from a wide area in Asia. These results suggest that the three different genotypes of Elenchus can be associated with a particular geographical region and/or Planthopper species. The relationship between two previously described Elenchus species and the present three genotypes needs to be elucidated.
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wolbachia infection shared among Planthoppers homoptera delphacidae and their endoparasite strepsiptera elenchidae a probable case of interspecies transmission
Molecular Ecology, 2001Co-Authors: Hiroaki Noda, T. Miyoshi, K. Deng, K. Watanabe, Sugihiko HoshizakiAbstract:Wolbachia , a group of parasitic bacteria of arthropods, are believed to be horizontally transmitted among arthropod taxa. We present a new probable example of interspecies horizontal transmission of Wolbachia by way of an endoparasite based on the conformity of Wolbachia gene sequences. Field samples of two rice Planthoppers, Laodelphax striatellus and Sogatella furcifera possessed identical Wolbachia . Among three major endoparasites of Planthoppers, a strepsipteran, Elenchus japonicus , harboured the identical Wolbachia strain, suggesting strepsipteran transmission of Wolbachia from one Planthopper to the other. No Wolbachia was detected in a mermithid nematode Agamermis unka , and dryinid wasps possessed different types of Wolbachia .
Feng Cui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of rice stripe virus transmission efficiency by quantification of viral load in the saliva of insect vector
Pest Management Science, 2019Co-Authors: Wan Zhao, Wei Wang, Lili Zhang, Feng CuiAbstract:Background Persistent plant viruses transfer from insect gut to the hemolymph, and finally to the salivary glands before inoculation into the plant hosts with saliva during insect feeding. Virus accumulation in saliva is an important indicator for the transmission ability of an insect vector. In order to evaluate the transmission ability of the small brown Planthopper to rice stripe virus (RSV), we successfully measured accumulation of RSV in the saliva of Planthoppers via the absolute real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method by quantifying the copy numbers of viral genes. Results After feeding on an artificial diet for 24 h, the copy numbers of viral genes of capsid protein (CP) and disease-specific protein (SP) can be detected in the saliva collected from as few as ten viruliferous Planthoppers and ten non-viruliferous Planthoppers after infected with RSV for 7 days. When the expression of Planthopper G protein pathway suppressor 2 or c-Jun N-terminal kinase was knocked down, the copy numbers of CP and SP in the saliva varied accordingly. Conclusion Our study provided an accurate and convenient detection system to evaluate the transmission efficiency of RSV by small brown Planthoppers, and this method may also be suitable for other persistent plant viruses. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Immune function of an angiotensin-converting enzyme against Rice stripe virus infection in a vector insect
Virology, 2019Co-Authors: Wang Xue, Wei Wang, Wenzhong Zhang, Feng Cui, Luqin QiaoAbstract:Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays diverse roles in the animal kingdom. However, whether ACE plays an immune function against viral infection in vector insects is unclear. In this study, an ACE gene (LsACE) from the small brown Planthopper was found to respond to Rice stripe virus (RSV) infection. The enzymatic activities of LsACE were characterized at different pH and temperature. Twenty Planthopper proteins were found to interact with LsACE. RSV infection significantly upregulated LsACE expression in the testicle and fat body. When the expression of LsACE in viruliferous Planthoppers was inhibited, the RNA level of the RSV SP gene was upregulated 2-fold in Planthoppers, and all RSV genes showed higher RNA levels in the rice plants consumed by these Planthoppers, leading to a higher viral infection rate and disease rating index. These results indicate that LsACE plays a role in the immune response against RSV transmission by Planthoppers.
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immune responses induced by different genotypes of the disease specific protein of rice stripe virus in the vector insect
Virology, 2019Co-Authors: Wan Zhao, Renyi Liu, Qianshuo Wang, Feng CuiAbstract:Persistent plant viruses circulate between host plants and vector insects, possibly leading to the genetic divergence in viral populations. We analyzed the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Rice stripe virus (RSV) when it incubated in the small brown Planthopper and rice. Two SNPs, which lead to nonsynonymous substitutions in the disease-specific protein (SP) of RSV, produced three genotypes, i.e., GG, AA and GA. The GG type mainly existed in the early infection period of RSV in the Planthoppers and was gradually substituted by the other two genotypes during viral transmission. The two SNPs did not affect the interactions of SP with rice PsbP or with RSV coat protein. The GG genotype of SP induced stronger immune responses than those of the other two genotypes in the pattern recognition molecule and immune-responsive effector pathways. These findings demonstrated the population variations of RSV during the circulation between the vector insect and host plant.
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rice stripe virus derived sirnas play different regulatory roles in rice and in the insect vector laodelphax striatellus
BMC Plant Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Meiling Yang, Wan Zhao, Qing Liu, Renyi Liu, Xiaoming Zhang, Feng CuiAbstract:Most plant viruses depend on vector insects for transmission. Upon viral infection, virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) can target both viral and host transcripts. Rice stripe virus (RSV) is a persistent-propagative virus transmitted by the small brown Planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus, Fallen) and can cause a severe disease on rice. To investigate how vsiRNAs regulate gene expressions in the host plant and the insect vector, we analyzed the expression profiles of small RNAs (sRNAs) and mRNAs in RSV-infected rice and RSV-infected Planthopper. We obtained 88,247 vsiRNAs in rice that were predominantly derived from the terminal regions of the RSV RNA segments, and 351,655 vsiRNAs in Planthopper that displayed relatively even distributions on RSV RNA segments. 38,112 and 80,698 unique vsiRNAs were found only in rice and Planthopper, respectively, while 14,006 unique vsiRNAs were found in both of them. Compared to mock-inoculated rice, 273 genes were significantly down-regulated genes (DRGs) in RSV-infected rice, among which 192 (70.3%) were potential targets of vsiRNAs based on sequence complementarity. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that these 192 DRGs were enriched in genes involved in kinase activity, carbohydrate binding and protein binding. Similarly, 265 DRGs were identified in RSV-infected Planthoppers, among which 126 (47.5%) were potential targets of vsiRNAs. These Planthopper target genes were enriched in genes that are involved in structural constituent of cuticle, serine-type endopeptidase activity, and oxidoreductase activity. Taken together, our results reveal that infection by the same virus can generate distinct vsiRNAs in different hosts to potentially regulate different biological processes, thus reflecting distinct virus-host interactions.
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Rice stripe virus-derived siRNAs play different regulatory roles in rice and in the insect vector Laodelphax striatellus
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Meiling Yang, Wan Zhao, Qing Liu, Renyi Liu, Xiaoming Zhang, Feng CuiAbstract:Abstract Background Most plant viruses depend on vector insects for transmission. Upon viral infection, virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) can target both viral and host transcripts. Rice stripe virus (RSV) is a persistent-propagative virus transmitted by the small brown Planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus, Fallen) and can cause a severe disease on rice. Results To investigate how vsiRNAs regulate gene expressions in the host plant and the insect vector, we analyzed the expression profiles of small RNAs (sRNAs) and mRNAs in RSV-infected rice and RSV-infected Planthopper. We obtained 88,247 vsiRNAs in rice that were predominantly derived from the terminal regions of the RSV RNA segments, and 351,655 vsiRNAs in Planthopper that displayed relatively even distributions on RSV RNA segments. 38,112 and 80,698 unique vsiRNAs were found only in rice and Planthopper, respectively, while 14,006 unique vsiRNAs were found in both of them. Compared to mock-inoculated rice, 273 genes were significantly down-regulated genes (DRGs) in RSV-infected rice, among which 192 (70.3%) were potential targets of vsiRNAs based on sequence complementarity. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that these 192 DRGs were enriched in genes involved in kinase activity, carbohydrate binding and protein binding. Similarly, 265 DRGs were identified in RSV-infected Planthoppers, among which 126 (47.5%) were potential targets of vsiRNAs. These Planthopper target genes were enriched in genes that are involved in structural constituent of cuticle, serine-type endopeptidase activity, and oxidoreductase activity. Conclusions Taken together, our results reveal that infection by the same virus can generate distinct vsiRNAs in different hosts to potentially regulate different biological processes, thus reflecting distinct virus-host interactions
Guohui Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synergism between southern rice black streaked dwarf virus and rice ragged stunt virus enhances their insect vector acquisition
Phytopathology, 2014Co-Authors: Han Wang, Guohui ZhouAbstract:Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus, family Reoviridae, is a novel rice virus transmitted by the white-backed Planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). Since its discovery in 2001, SRBSDV has spread rapidly throughout eastern and southeastern Asia and caused large rice losses in China and Vietnam. Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) (genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) is a common rice virus vectored by the brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens). RRSV is also widely distributed in eastern and southeastern Asia but has not previously caused serious problems in China owing to its low incidence. With SRBSDV's spread, however, RRSV has become increasingly common in China, and is frequently found in co-infection with SRBSDV. In this study, we show that SRBSDV and RRSV interact synergistically, the first example of synergism between plant viruses in the family Reoviridae. Rice plants co-infected with both viruses displayed enhanced stunting, earlier symptoms, and higher virus titers compared with singly infected plants. Furthermore, white-backed and brown Planthoppers acquired SRBSDV and RRSV, respectively, from co-infected plants at higher rates. We propose that increased RRSV incidence in Chinese fields is partly due to synergism between SRBSDV and RRSV.
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southern rice black streaked dwarf virus alters insect vectors host orientation preferences to enhance spread and increase rice ragged stunt virus co infection
Phytopathology, 2014Co-Authors: Han Wang, Donglin Xu, Lingling Pu, Guohui ZhouAbstract:In recent years, Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus (family Reoviridae), has spread rapidly and caused serious rice losses in eastern and southeastern Asia. With this virus spread, Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV, genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) became more common in southern China, usually in co-infection with the former. SRBSDV and RRSV are transmitted by two different species of Planthoppers, white-backed Planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) and brown Planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), respectively, in a persistent, circulative, propagative manner. In this study, using a Y-shape olfactometer-based device, we tested the host preference of three types of macropterous WBPH adults for healthy or SRBSDV-infected rice plants. The results showed that virus-free WBPHs significantly preferred infected rice plants to healthy plants, whereas both the viruliferous and nonviruliferous WBPHs preferred healthy plants to infected plants. In additional tests, we found that the BPHs significantly preferred healthy plants when they were virus free, whereas RRSV-carrying BPHs preferred SRBSDV-infected rice plants. From these findings, we propose that plant viruses may alter host selection preference of vectors to enhance their spread and that of insects vectoring another virus to result in co-infection with more than one virus.
Han Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synergism between southern rice black streaked dwarf virus and rice ragged stunt virus enhances their insect vector acquisition
Phytopathology, 2014Co-Authors: Han Wang, Guohui ZhouAbstract:Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus, family Reoviridae, is a novel rice virus transmitted by the white-backed Planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). Since its discovery in 2001, SRBSDV has spread rapidly throughout eastern and southeastern Asia and caused large rice losses in China and Vietnam. Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) (genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) is a common rice virus vectored by the brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens). RRSV is also widely distributed in eastern and southeastern Asia but has not previously caused serious problems in China owing to its low incidence. With SRBSDV's spread, however, RRSV has become increasingly common in China, and is frequently found in co-infection with SRBSDV. In this study, we show that SRBSDV and RRSV interact synergistically, the first example of synergism between plant viruses in the family Reoviridae. Rice plants co-infected with both viruses displayed enhanced stunting, earlier symptoms, and higher virus titers compared with singly infected plants. Furthermore, white-backed and brown Planthoppers acquired SRBSDV and RRSV, respectively, from co-infected plants at higher rates. We propose that increased RRSV incidence in Chinese fields is partly due to synergism between SRBSDV and RRSV.
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southern rice black streaked dwarf virus alters insect vectors host orientation preferences to enhance spread and increase rice ragged stunt virus co infection
Phytopathology, 2014Co-Authors: Han Wang, Donglin Xu, Lingling Pu, Guohui ZhouAbstract:In recent years, Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a tentative species in the genus Fijivirus (family Reoviridae), has spread rapidly and caused serious rice losses in eastern and southeastern Asia. With this virus spread, Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV, genus Oryzavirus, family Reoviridae) became more common in southern China, usually in co-infection with the former. SRBSDV and RRSV are transmitted by two different species of Planthoppers, white-backed Planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) and brown Planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), respectively, in a persistent, circulative, propagative manner. In this study, using a Y-shape olfactometer-based device, we tested the host preference of three types of macropterous WBPH adults for healthy or SRBSDV-infected rice plants. The results showed that virus-free WBPHs significantly preferred infected rice plants to healthy plants, whereas both the viruliferous and nonviruliferous WBPHs preferred healthy plants to infected plants. In additional tests, we found that the BPHs significantly preferred healthy plants when they were virus free, whereas RRSV-carrying BPHs preferred SRBSDV-infected rice plants. From these findings, we propose that plant viruses may alter host selection preference of vectors to enhance their spread and that of insects vectoring another virus to result in co-infection with more than one virus.