Pleosporales

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Kevin D Hyde - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Multi-gene phylogenetic evidence suggests Dictyoarthrinium belongs in Didymosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) and Dictyoarthrinium musae sp. nov. on Musa from Thailand.
    MycoKeys, 2020
    Co-Authors: Binu C. Samarakoon, Eric H. C. Mckenzie, Kevin D Hyde, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Milan C. Samarakoon, R. Phookamsak, Putarak Chomnunti, Saisamorn Lumyong, Samantha C. Karunarathna
    Abstract:

    Dead leaves of Musa sp. (banana) were collected in northern Thailand during an investigation of saprobic fungi. Preliminary morphological observations revealed that three specimens belong to Dictyoarthrinium. Phylogenetic analyses of combined SSU, LSU, ITS and tef1-α sequence data revealed that Dictyoarthrinium forms a clade in Didymosphaeriaceae (Massarineae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) sister to Spegazzinia. Based on contrasting morphological features with the extant taxa of Dictyoarthrinium, coupled with the multigene analyses, Dictyoarthrinium musae sp. nov. is introduced herein. Our study provides the first detailed molecular investigation for Dictyoarthrinium and supports its placement in Didymosphaeriaceae (Massarineae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Previously, Dictyoarthrinium was classified in Apiosporaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes).

  • Phylogeny of new marine Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes from mangroves and deep-sea sediments
    Botanica Marina, 2020
    Co-Authors: E. B. Gareth Jones, Ali H. Bahkali, Kevin D Hyde, Jian-kui Liu, Sheng-nan Zhang, B. Devadatha, Mohamed A. Abdel-wahab, Monika C. Dayarathne, V. Venkateswara Sarma, Sanja Tibell
    Abstract:

    This paper documents six new saprobic marine fungi and one new genus based on morphology and multi-gene phylogenies. Three Dothideomycetes, and members of the Pleosporales, are introduced: Pseudo-m ...

  • Misturatosphaeria viridibrunnea sp. nov. (Teichosporaceae, Pleosporales) from Thailand
    Phytotaxa, 2019
    Co-Authors: Saranyaphat Boonmee, Nalin N Wijayawardene, D. Jayarama Bhat, Danushka S. Tennakoon, Kevin D Hyde
    Abstract:

    We introduce a new species, Misturatosphaeria viridibrunnea , isolated from dead branches of an unidentified terrestrial dicotyledonous plant in Chiang Rai, Thailand. The new species is characterized by fusiform, 1-septate, olivaceous brown to dark brown, regularly 4-guttulate ascospores with slightly longitudinal striations on surface. Misturatosphaeria viridibrunnea is easily distinguishable from other species in the genus by smaller-sized ascomata, asci and ascospores. Phylogenetic analyses using a combined gene analysis of LSU and ITS sequence data indicated that the new species belongs to Teichosporaceae (Pleosporales). A detailed morphological description and illustration of the new species is provided.

  • Acuminatispora palmarum gen. et sp. nov. from mangrove habitats
    Mycological Progress, 2018
    Co-Authors: Sheng-nan Zhang, Kevin D Hyde, E. B. Gareth Jones, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Jian-kui Liu
    Abstract:

    Fungi play a vital role as decomposers in mangrove ecosystems. A new ascomycete species, Acuminatispora palmarum, inhabiting decayed petioles and rachides of palms in mangrove habitats, is introduced in this paper based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. Phylogenetic relationships of related taxa were inferred from combined LSU, SSU, TEF1α, and RPB2 sequence data, and the analyses indicate that A. palmarum could be recognized as a distinct group in Pleosporales, but its familial placement needs to be further resolved. The morphological characters of this new taxon are also different from other members in Pleosporales by its deeply immersed ascomata, long pedicellate asci, and biseriate to triseriate, 1-(rarely 3) septate, brown, fusiform ascospores with acute or narrowly pointed ending cells. Acuminatispora gen. nov. (Pleosporales, incertae sedis) is therefore established to accommodate the new taxon A. palmarum. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships of Acrocordiopsis and Caryospora are discussed with a consideration of morphological observations.

  • Neocamarosporium jorjanensis , N. persepolisi , and N. solicola spp. nov. (Neocamarosporiaceae, Pleosporales) isolated from saline lakes of Iran indicate the possible halotolerant nature for the genus
    Mycological Progress, 2017
    Co-Authors: Moslem Papizadeh, Nalin N Wijayawardene, Mohammad Ali Amoozegar, Farkhondeh Saba, Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli, Kevin D Hyde
    Abstract:

    Several coelomycetous taxa were isolated from soils of three hypersaline lakes in Iran. Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU, ITS, and β-tubulin sequence data placed six of the new isolates into three clades in Neocamarosporium (Neocamarosporiaceae, Pleosporales). The six strains are distinct from other species of Neocamarosporium and are introduced as three new species, viz. N. jorjanensis, N. persepolisi, and N. solicola. Growth of these taxa and of N. chichastianum in media containing various NaCl and MgCl2 concentrations indicates that Neocamarosporium species are halotolerant. Neocamarosporium species have an association with halophytes in marine or saline habitats. Illustrations, descriptions, and taxonomic notes are provided for Neocamarosporium species.

Bingyu Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pleosporalesones a b two unique polyketides isolated from Pleosporales sp
    Tetrahedron Letters, 2019
    Co-Authors: Li-hua Zhang, Jian Bai, Daojiang Yan, Ya-nan Wang, Yalong Zhang, Bingyu Liu
    Abstract:

    Abstract Two unique polyketides, Pleosporalesones A–B (1–2), bearing an unusual 6/6/7/6 tetracyclic ring system consisting of a chromone ring and a benzoannulated cycloheptanone ring, were isolated from the solid cultures of Pleosporales sp.. The chemical structures were elucidated by analyses of their extensive spectroscopic data, including 1D/2D NMR, ORD, CD and HR-ESI-MS, and the absolute configurations were established by comparison of their experimental circular dichroism data with those calculated. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for Pleosporalesones A–B was proposed.

  • Pleosporalesones A–B, two unique polyketides isolated from Pleosporales sp.
    Tetrahedron Letters, 2019
    Co-Authors: Li-hua Zhang, Jian Bai, Daojiang Yan, Ya-nan Wang, Yalong Zhang, Bingyu Liu
    Abstract:

    Abstract Two unique polyketides, Pleosporalesones A–B (1–2), bearing an unusual 6/6/7/6 tetracyclic ring system consisting of a chromone ring and a benzoannulated cycloheptanone ring, were isolated from the solid cultures of Pleosporales sp.. The chemical structures were elucidated by analyses of their extensive spectroscopic data, including 1D/2D NMR, ORD, CD and HR-ESI-MS, and the absolute configurations were established by comparison of their experimental circular dichroism data with those calculated. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for Pleosporalesones A–B was proposed.

Pedro W Crous - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Genera of Fungi—G3: Aleurocystis, Blastacervulus, Clypeophysalospora, Licrostroma, Neohendersonia and Spumatoria
    Mycological Progress, 2017
    Co-Authors: Alejandra Giraldo, Pedro W Crous, René K. Schumacher, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon, Masoomeh Ghobad-nejhad, Ewald Langer
    Abstract:

    The current paper represents the third contribution in the Genera of Fungi series, linking the type species of fungal genera to their morphology and DNA sequence data, and, where possible, ecology. In this issue, we have focused on six genera, including macro- and microfungi, four of which the type species is epitypified. In addition, two new families within Pleosporales and Xylariales are proposed to accommodate two of them. The genera treated here include: Aleurocystis ( Aleurocystis hakgallae ; incertae sedis, Agaricales), Blastacervulus ( Blastacervulus eucalypti ; Asterinaceae, Asterinales), Clypeophysalospora ( Clypeophysalospora latitans ; Clypeophysalosporaceae, Xylariales), Licrostroma ( Licrostroma subgiganteum ; Peniophoraceae, Russulales), Neohendersonia ( Neohendersonia kickxii ; Neohendersoniaceae, Pleosporales) and Spumatoria ( Spumatoria longicollis ; Ophiostomataceae, Ophiostomatales). Authors interested in contributing accounts of individual genera to larger multi-authored papers should contact the associate editors listed on the List of Protected Generic Names for Fungi.

  • The Genera of Fungi - fixing the application of the type species of generic names – G 2: Allantophomopsis, Latorua, Macrodiplodiopsis, Macrohilum, Milospium, Protostegia, Pyricularia, Robillarda, Rotula, Septoriella, Torula, and Wojnowicia
    IMA fungus, 2015
    Co-Authors: Pedro W Crous, Lori M. Carris, Johannes Z Groenewald, Alejandra Giraldo, David L. Hawksworth, Walter M. Jaklitsch, Marc-henri Lebrun, René K. Schumacher, Margarita Hernández-restrepo, J. Benjamin Stielow
    Abstract:

    The present paper represents the second contribution in the Genera of Fungi series, linking type species of fungal genera to their morphology and DNA sequence data, and where possible, ecology. This paper focuses on 12 genera of microfungi, 11 of which the type species are neo- or epitypified here: Allantophomopsis (A. cytisporea, Phacidiaceae, Phacidiales, Leotiomycetes), Latorua gen. nov. (Latorua caligans, Latoruaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Macrodiplodiopsis (M. desmazieri, Macrodiplodiopsidaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Macrohilum (M. eucalypti, Macrohilaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes), Milospium (M. graphideorum, incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina), Protostegia (P. eucleae, Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes), Pyricularia (P. grisea, Pyriculariaceae, Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes), Robillarda (R. sessilis, Robillardaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes), Rutola (R. graminis, incertae sedis, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Septoriella (S. phragmitis, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Torula (T. herbarum, Torulaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) and Wojnowicia (syn. of Septoriella, S. hirta, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Novel species include Latorua grootfonteinensis, Robillarda africana, R. roystoneae, R. terrae, Torula ficus, T. hollandica, and T. masonii spp. nov., and three new families: Macrodiplodiopsisceae, Macrohilaceae, and Robillardaceae. Authors interested in contributing accounts of individual genera to larger multi-authored papers to be published in IMA Fungus, should contact the associate editors listed for the major groups of fungi on the List of Protected Generic Names for Fungi (www.generaoffungi.org).

  • The Genera of Fungi - fixing the application of the type species of generic names - G 2: Allantophomopsis, Latorua, Macrodiplodiopsis, Macrohilum, Milospium, Protostegia, Pyricularia, Robillarda, Rotula, Septoriella, Torula, and Wojnowicia
    IMA Fungus, 2015
    Co-Authors: Pedro W Crous, Lori M. Carris, Johannes Z Groenewald, Alejandra Giraldo, David L. Hawksworth, Margarita Hemández-restrepo, Walter M. Jaklitsch, Marc-henri Lebrun, René K. Schumacher, J. Benjamin Stielow
    Abstract:

    The present paper represents the second contribution in the Genera of Fungi series, linking type species of fungal genera to their morphology and DNA sequence data, and where possible, ecology. This paper focuses on 12 genera of microfungi, 11 of which the type species are neo- or epitypified here: Allantophomopsis (A. cytisporea, Phacidiaceae, Phacidiales, Leotiomycetes), Latorua gen. nov. (Latorua caligans, Latoruaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Macrodiplodiopsis (M. desmazieri, Macrodiplodiopsidaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Macrohilum (M. eucalypti, Macrohilaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes), Milospium (M. graphideorum, incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina), Protostegia (P. eucleae, Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes), Pyricularia (P. grisea, Pyriculariaceae, Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes), Robillarda (R. sessilis, Robillardaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes), Rutola (R. graminis, incertae sedis, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Septoriella ( S. phragmitis, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), Torula (T. herbarum, Torulaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) and Wojnowicia (syn. of Septoriella, S. hirta, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Novel species include Latorua grootfonteinensis, Robillarda africana, R. roystoneae, R. terrae, Torula ficus, T. hollandica , and T. masonii spp. nov, and three new families: Macrodiplodiopsisceae, Macrohilaceae , and Robillardaceae. Authors interested in contributing accounts of individual genera to larger multi-authored papers to be published in IMA Fungus, should contact the associate editors listed for the major groups of fungi on the List of Protected Generic Names for Fungi ( www.generaoffungi.org ).

  • Dark septate endophytic pleosporalean genera from semiarid areas.
    Persoonia, 2015
    Co-Authors: Dániel G. Knapp, Johannes Z Groenewald, M. Gábor Kovács, Erik Zajta, Pedro W Crous
    Abstract:

    Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are distributed worldwide as root-colonising fungi, and frequent in environments with strong abiotic stress. DSE is not a taxon, but constitutes numerous fungal taxa belonging to several orders of Ascomycota. In this study we investigate three unidentified DSE lineages belonging to Pleosporales that were found previously in semiarid sandy grasslands. For molecular phylogenetic studies seven loci (ITS, partial 18S nrRNA, 28S nrRNA, actin, calmodulin, transcription-elongation factor 1- α and s -tubulin genes) were amplified and sequenced. Based on morphology and the resulting molecular phylogeny these isolates were found to represent three novel genera within the Pleosporales, namely Aquilomyces, Flavomyces and Darksidea, with eight novel species. Molecular data revealed that monotypic Aquilomyces belongs to Morosphaeriaceae, monotypic Flavomyces represents an incertae sedis lineage related to Massarinaceae, and Darksidea, with six new species, is allied to the Lentitheciaceae. During this study we tested numerous conditions to induce sporulation, and managed for the first time to induce several DSE to form their sexual morphs.

  • Redisposition of phoma-like anamorphs in Pleosporales
    Studies in Mycology, 2013
    Co-Authors: J. De Gruyter, Gerard J M Verkley, Johannes Z Groenewald, Pedro W Crous
    Abstract:

    UNLABELLED: The anamorphic genus Phoma was subdivided into nine sections based on morphological characters, and included teleomorphs in Didymella, Leptosphaeria, Pleospora and Mycosphaerella, suggesting the polyphyly of the genus. Recent molecular, phylogenetic studies led to the conclusion that Phoma should be restricted to Didymellaceae. The present study focuses on the taxonomy of excluded Phoma species, currently classified in Phoma sections Plenodomus, Heterospora and Pilosa. Species of Leptosphaeria and Phoma section Plenodomus are reclassified in Plenodomus, Subplenodomus gen. nov., Leptosphaeria and Paraleptosphaeria gen. nov., based on the phylogeny determined by analysis of sequence data of the large subunit 28S nrDNA (LSU) and Internal Transcribed Spacer regions 1 & 2 and 5.8S nrDNA (ITS). Phoma heteromorphospora, type species of Phoma section Heterospora, and its allied species Phoma dimorphospora, are transferred to the genus Heterospora stat. nov. The Phoma acuta complex (teleomorph Leptosphaeria doliolum), is revised based on a multilocus sequence analysis of the LSU, ITS, small subunit 18S nrDNA (SSU), β-tubulin (TUB), and chitin synthase 1 (CHS-1) regions. Species of Phoma section Pilosa and allied Ascochyta species were determined to belong to Pleosporaceae based on analysis of actin (ACT) sequence data. Anamorphs that are similar morphologically to Phoma and described in Ascochyta, Asteromella, Coniothyrium, Plectophomella, Pleurophoma and Pyrenochaeta are included in this study. Phoma-like species, which grouped outside the Pleosporineae based on a LSU sequence analysis, are transferred to the genera Aposphaeria, Paraconiothyrium and Westerdykella. The genera Medicopsis gen. nov. and Nigrograna gen. nov. are introduced to accommodate the medically important species formerly known as Pyrenochaeta romeroi and Pyrenochaeta mackinnonii, respectively. TAXONOMIC NOVELTIES: New genera: Medicopsis Gruyter, Verkley & Crous, Nigrograna Gruyter, Verkley & Crous, Paraleptosphaeria Gruyter, Verkley & Crous, Subplenodomus Gruyter, Verkley & Crous. New species: Aposphaeria corallinolutea Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Paraconiothyrium maculicutis Verkley & Gruyter. New combinations: Coniothyrium carteri (Gruyter & Boerema) Verkley & Gruyter, C. dolichi (Mohanty) Verkley & Gruyter, C. glycines (R.B. Stewart) Verkley & Gruyter, C. multiporum (V.H. Pawar, P.N. Mathur & Thirum.) Verkley & Gruyter, C. telephii (Allesch.) Verkley & Gruyter, Heterospora (Boerema, Gruyter & Noordel.) Gruyter, Verkley & Crous, H. chenopodii (Westend.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, H. dimorphospora (Speg.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Leptosphaeria errabunda (Desm.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, L. etheridgei (L.J. Hutchison & Y. Hirats.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, L. macrocapsa (Trail) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, L. pedicularis (Fuckel) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, L. rubefaciens (Togliani) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, L. sclerotioides (Sacc.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, L. sydowii (Boerema, Kesteren & Loer.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, L. veronicae (Hollos) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Medicopsis romeroi (Borelli) Gruyter, Verkley & Crous, Nigrograna mackinnonii (Borelli) Gruyter, Verkley & Crous, Paraconiothyrium flavescens (Gruyter, Noordel. & Boerema) Verkley & Gruyter, Paracon. fuckelii (Sacc.) Verkley & Gruyter, Paracon. fusco-maculans (Sacc.) Verkley & Gruyter, Paracon. lini (Pass.) Verkley & Gruyter, Paracon. tiliae (F. Rudolphi) Verkley & Gruyter, Paraleptosphaeria dryadis (Johanson) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Paralept. macrospora (Thum.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Paralept. nitschkei (Rehm ex G. Winter) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Paralept. orobanches (Schweinitz: Fr.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Paralept. praetermissa (P. Karst.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plenodomus agnitus (Desm.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. biglobosus (Shoemaker & H. Brun) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. chrysanthemi (Zachos, Constantinou & Panag.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. collinsoniae (Dearn. & House) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. confertus (Niessl ex Sacc.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. congestus (M.T. Lucas) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. enteroleucus (Sacc.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. fallaciosus (Berl.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. hendersoniae (Fuckel) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. influorescens (Boerema & Loer.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. libanotidis (Fuckel) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. lindquistii (Frezzi) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. lupini (Ellis & Everh.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. pimpinellae (Lowen & Sivan.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. tracheiphilus (Petri) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Plen. visci (Moesz) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Pleospora fallens (Sacc.) Gruyter & Verkley, Pleo. flavigena (Constantinou & Aa) Gruyter & Verkley, Pleo. incompta (Sacc. & Martelli) Gruyter & Verkley, Pyrenochaetopsis pratorum (P.R. Johnst. & Boerema) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Subplenodomus apiicola (Kleb.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Subplen. drobnjacensis (Bubak) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Subplen. valerianae (Henn.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Subplen. violicola (P. Syd.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, Westerdykella capitulum (V.H. Pawar, P.N. Mathur & Thirum.) de Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley, W. minutispora (P.N. Mathur ex Gruyter & Noordel.) Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley. New names: Pleospora angustis Gruyter & Verkley, Pleospora halimiones Gruyter & Verkley.

Conrad L. Schoch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • transposable element assisted evolution and adaptation to host plant within the leptosphaeria maculans leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex of fungal pathogens
    BMC Genomics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jonathan Grandaubert, Conrad L. Schoch, Rohan G T Lowe, Jessica L Soyer, Angela P Van De Wouw, Isabelle Fudal, Barbara Robbertse, Nicolas Lapalu, Matthew G Links
    Abstract:

    Many plant-pathogenic fungi have a tendency towards genome size expansion, mostly driven by increasing content of transposable elements (TEs). Through comparative and evolutionary genomics, five members of the Leptosphaeria maculans-Leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex (class Dothideomycetes, order Pleosporales), having different host ranges and pathogenic abilities towards cruciferous plants, were studied to infer the role of TEs on genome shaping, speciation, and on the rise of better adapted pathogens. L. maculans ‘brassicae’, the most damaging species on oilseed rape, is the only member of the species complex to have a TE-invaded genome (32.5%) compared to the other members genomes (<4%). These TEs had an impact at the structural level by creating large TE-rich regions and are suspected to have been instrumental in chromosomal rearrangements possibly leading to speciation. TEs, associated with species-specific genes involved in disease process, also possibly had an incidence on evolution of pathogenicity by promoting translocations of effector genes to highly dynamic regions and thus tuning the regulation of effector gene expression in planta. Invasion of L. maculans ‘brassicae’ genome by TEs followed by bursts of TE activity allowed this species to evolve and to better adapt to its host, making this genome species a peculiarity within its own species complex as well as in the Pleosporales lineage.

  • Transposable element-assisted evolution and adaptation to host plant within the Leptosphaeria maculans-Leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex of fungal pathogens
    BMC Genomics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jonathan Grandaubert, Conrad L. Schoch, Rohan G T Lowe, Jessica L Soyer, Angela P Van De Wouw, Isabelle Fudal, Barbara Robbertse, Nicolas Lapalu, Matthew G Links, Bénédicte Ollivier
    Abstract:

    Background Many plant-pathogenic fungi have a tendency towards genome size expansion, mostly driven by increasing content of transposable elements (TEs). Through comparative and evolutionary genomics, five members of the Leptosphaeria maculans - Leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex (class Dothideomycetes , order Pleosporales ), having different host ranges and pathogenic abilities towards cruciferous plants, were studied to infer the role of TEs on genome shaping, speciation, and on the rise of better adapted pathogens. Results L. maculans ‘brassicae’, the most damaging species on oilseed rape, is the only member of the species complex to have a TE-invaded genome (32.5%) compared to the other members genomes (

  • molecular systematics of the marine dothideomycetes
    Studies in Mycology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Satinee Suetrong, Joseph W. Spatafora, Jan Kohlmeyer, Brigitte Volkmannkohlmeyer, Souwalak Phongpaichit, Kazuyuki Hirayama, Kazuaki Tanaka, Jariya Sakayaroj, Conrad L. Schoch, E.b.g. Jones
    Abstract:

    Phylogenetic analyses of four nuclear genes, namely the large and small subunits of the nuclear ribosomal RNA, transcription elongation factor 1-alpha and the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit, established that the ecological group of marine bitunicate ascomycetes has representatives in the orders Capnodiales, Hysteriales, Jahnulales, Mytilinidiales, Patellariales and Pleosporales. Most of the fungi sequenced were intertidal mangrove taxa and belong to members of 12 families in the Pleosporales: Aigialaceae, Didymellaceae, Leptosphaeriaceae, Lenthitheciaceae, Lophiostomataceae, Massarinaceae, Montagnulaceae, Morosphaeriaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporaceae, Testudinaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae. Two new families are described: Aigialaceae and Morosphaeriaceae, and three new genera proposed: Halomassarina, Morosphaeria and Rimora. Few marine species are reported from the Dothideomycetidae (e.g. Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales), a group poorly studied at the molecular level. New marine lineages include the Testudinaceae and Manglicola guatemalensis in the Jahnulales. Significantly, most marine Dothideomycetes are intertidal tropical species with only a few from temperate regions on salt marsh plants (Spartina species and Juncus roemerianus), and rarely totally submerged (e.g. Halotthia posidoniae and Pontoporeia biturbinata on the seagrasses Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosum). Specific attention is given to the adaptation of the Dothideomycetes to the marine milieu, new lineages of marine fungi and their host specificity.

  • Multi-locus phylogeny of Pleosporales: A taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary re-evaluation
    Studies in mycology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Ying Zhang, Kazuaki Tanaka, Conrad L. Schoch, J. De Gruyter, Pedro W Crous, Jacques Fournier, J.h.c. Woudenberg, K. Hirayama, Stephen B. Pointing, Joseph W. Spatafora
    Abstract:

    Five loci, nucSSU, nucLSU rDNA, TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2, are used for analysing 129 pleosporalean taxa representing 59 genera and 15 families in the current classification of Pleosporales. The suborder Pleosporineae is emended to include four families, viz.Didymellaceae, Leptosphaeriaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae and Pleosporaceae. In addition, two new families are introduced, i.e. Amniculicolaceae and Lentitheciaceae. Pleomassariaceae is treated as a synonym of Melanommataceae, and new circumscriptions of Lophiostomataceaes. str., Massarinaceae and Lophiotrema are proposed. Familial positions of Entodesmium and Setomelanomma in Phaeosphaeriaceae, Neophaeosphaeria in Leptosphaeriaceae, Leptosphaerulina, Macroventuria and Platychora in Didymellaceae, Pleomassaria in Melanommataceae and Bimuria, Didymocrea, Karstenula and Paraphaeosphaeria in Montagnulaceae are clarified. Both ecological and morphological characters show varying degrees of phylogenetic significance. Pleosporales is most likely derived from a saprobic ancestor with fissitunicate asci containing conspicuous ocular chambers and apical rings. Nutritional shifts in Pleosporales likely occured from saprotrophic to hemibiotrophic or biotrophic.

  • A multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes using four nuclear loci.
    Mycologia, 2006
    Co-Authors: Conrad L. Schoch, Joseph W. Spatafora, R. A. Shoemaker, Keith A. Seifert, Sarah Hambleton, Pedro W Crous
    Abstract:

    We present an expanded multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes. The final data matrix consisted of four loci (nuc SSU rDNA, nuc LSU rDNA, TEF1, RPB2) for 96 taxa, representing five of the seven orders in the current classification of Dothideomycetes and several outgroup taxa representative of the major clades in the Pezizomycotina. The resulting phylogeny differentiated two main dothideomycete lineages comprising the pseudoparaphysate Pleosporales and aparaphysate Dothideales. We propose the subclasses Pleosporomycetidae (order Pleosporales) and Dothideomycetidae (orders Dothideales, Capnodiales and Myriangiales). Furthermore we provide strong molecular support for the placement of Mycosphaerellaceae and Piedraiaceae within the Capnodiales and introduce Davidiellaceae as a new family to accommodate species of Davidiella with Cladosporium anamorphs. Some taxa could not be placed with certainty (e.g. Hysteriales), but there was strong support for new groupings. The clade containing members of the genera Botryosphaeria and Guignardia resolved well but without support for any relationship to any other described orders and we hereby propose the new order Botryosphaeriales. These data also are consistent with the removal of Chaetothyriales and Coryneliales from the Dothideomycetes and strongly support their placement in the Eurotiomycetes.

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  • transposable element assisted evolution and adaptation to host plant within the leptosphaeria maculans leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex of fungal pathogens
    BMC Genomics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jonathan Grandaubert, Conrad L. Schoch, Rohan G T Lowe, Jessica L Soyer, Angela P Van De Wouw, Isabelle Fudal, Barbara Robbertse, Nicolas Lapalu, Matthew G Links
    Abstract:

    Many plant-pathogenic fungi have a tendency towards genome size expansion, mostly driven by increasing content of transposable elements (TEs). Through comparative and evolutionary genomics, five members of the Leptosphaeria maculans-Leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex (class Dothideomycetes, order Pleosporales), having different host ranges and pathogenic abilities towards cruciferous plants, were studied to infer the role of TEs on genome shaping, speciation, and on the rise of better adapted pathogens. L. maculans ‘brassicae’, the most damaging species on oilseed rape, is the only member of the species complex to have a TE-invaded genome (32.5%) compared to the other members genomes (<4%). These TEs had an impact at the structural level by creating large TE-rich regions and are suspected to have been instrumental in chromosomal rearrangements possibly leading to speciation. TEs, associated with species-specific genes involved in disease process, also possibly had an incidence on evolution of pathogenicity by promoting translocations of effector genes to highly dynamic regions and thus tuning the regulation of effector gene expression in planta. Invasion of L. maculans ‘brassicae’ genome by TEs followed by bursts of TE activity allowed this species to evolve and to better adapt to its host, making this genome species a peculiarity within its own species complex as well as in the Pleosporales lineage.

  • Transposable element-assisted evolution and adaptation to host plant within the Leptosphaeria maculans-Leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex of fungal pathogens
    BMC Genomics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jonathan Grandaubert, Conrad L. Schoch, Rohan G T Lowe, Jessica L Soyer, Angela P Van De Wouw, Isabelle Fudal, Barbara Robbertse, Nicolas Lapalu, Matthew G Links, Bénédicte Ollivier
    Abstract:

    Background Many plant-pathogenic fungi have a tendency towards genome size expansion, mostly driven by increasing content of transposable elements (TEs). Through comparative and evolutionary genomics, five members of the Leptosphaeria maculans - Leptosphaeria biglobosa species complex (class Dothideomycetes , order Pleosporales ), having different host ranges and pathogenic abilities towards cruciferous plants, were studied to infer the role of TEs on genome shaping, speciation, and on the rise of better adapted pathogens. Results L. maculans ‘brassicae’, the most damaging species on oilseed rape, is the only member of the species complex to have a TE-invaded genome (32.5%) compared to the other members genomes (

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