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Matt Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ambrosia Pollen Source inventory for italy a multi purpose tool to assess the impact of the ragweed leaf beetle ophraella communa lesage on populations of its host plant
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2018Co-Authors: Maira Bonini, Branko Šikoparija, Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, G Cislaghi, P Colombo, C Testoni, Matt SmithAbstract:Here, we produce Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories for Italy that focuses on the periods before and after the accidental introduction of the Ophraella communa beetle. The inventory uses the top–down approach that combines the annual Ambrosia Pollen index from a number of monitoring stations in the Source region as well as Ambrosia ecology, local knowledge of Ambrosia infestation and detailed land cover information. The final inventory is gridded to a 5 × 5-km resolution using a stereographic projection. The sites with the highest European Infection levels were recorded in the north of Italy at Busto Arsizio (VA3) (European Infection level 2003–2014 = 52.1) and Magenta (MI7) (European Infection level 2003–2014 = 51.3), whereas the sites with the lowest (i.e. around 0.0) were generally located to the south of the country. Analysis showed that the European Infection level in all of Italy was significantly lower in 2013–2014 compared to 2003–2012, and this decrease was even more pronounced at the sites in the area where Ophraella communa was distributed. Cross-validations show that the sensitivity to the inclusion of stations is typically below 1% (for two thirds of the stations) and that the station Magenta (MI7) had the largest impact compared to all other stations. This is the first time that Pollen Source inventories from different temporal periods have been compared in this way and has implications for simulating interannual variations in Pollen emission as well as evaluating the management of anemophilous plants like Ambrosia artemisiifolia.
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ragweed ambrosia Pollen Source inventory for austria
Science of The Total Environment, 2015Co-Authors: Gerhard Karrer, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, U Berger, Franz EsslAbstract:This study improves the spatial coverage of top-down Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories for Europe by expanding the methodology to Austria, a country that is challenging in terms of topography and the distribution of ragweed plants. The inventory combines annual ragweed Pollen counts from 19 Pollen-monitoring stations in Austria (2004–2013), 657 geographical observations of Ambrosia plants, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), local knowledge of ragweed ecology and CORINE land cover information from the Source area. The highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were generally recorded in the East of Austria where the highest densities of possible growth habitats for Ambrosia were situated. Approximately 99% of all observations of Ambrosia populations were below 745 m. The European infection level varies from 0.1% at Freistadt in Northern Austria to 12.8% at Rosalia in Eastern Austria. More top-down Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories are required for other parts of Europe.
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ragweed Pollen Source inventory for france the second largest centre of ambrosia in europe
Atmospheric Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Michel Thibaudon, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Gilles Oliver, Carsten Ambelas SkjøthAbstract:France, in particular the Rhone-Alpes region, is one of the three main centres of ragweed (Ambrosia) in Europe. The aim of this study is to develop a gridded ragweed Pollen Source inventory for all of France that can be used in assessments, eradication plans and by atmospheric models for describing concentrations of airborne ragweed Pollen. The inventory combines information about spatial variations in annual Ambrosia Pollen counts, knowledge of ragweed ecology, detailed land cover information and a Digital Elevation Model. The ragweed inventory consists of a local infection level on a scale of 0–100% (where 100% is the highest plant abundance per area in the studied region) and a European infection level between 0% and 100% (where 100% relates to the highest identified plant abundance in Europe using the same methodology) that has been distributed onto the EMEP grid with 5 km × 5 km resolution. The results of this analysis showed that some of the highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were recorded at Roussillon in the Rhone-Valley. This is reflected by the inventory, where the European infection level has been estimated to reach 67.70% of the most infected areas in Europe i.e. Kecskemet in central Hungary. The inventory shows that the Rhone Valley is the most heavily infected part of France. Central France is also infected, but northern and western parts of France are much less infected. The inventory can be entered into atmospheric transport models, in combination with other components such as a phenological model and a model for daily Pollen release, in order to simulate the dispersion of ragweed Pollen within France as well as potential long-distance transport from France to other European countries.
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a method for producing airborne Pollen Source inventories an example of ambrosia ragweed on the pannonian plain
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2010Co-Authors: Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, Alicja Stach, Dorota Myszkowska, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Predrag Radisic, Idalia Kasprzyk, Barbara Stjepanovic, Ivana Hrga, Dora ApatiniAbstract:We present here a simple methodology for calculating species inventories for allergenic Pollen that can be used by atmospheric transport models. Ragweed (Ambrosia) species distribution or infection level on the Pannonian Plain has been used as an example of how the methodology can be used. The Pannonian Plain is one of the three main regions in Europe recognized as being polluted by Ambrosia. The methodology relies on spatial variations in annual Ambrosia Pollen counts, knowledge on ragweed ecology and detailed land cover information. The results of this analysis showed that some of the highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were witnessed around Kecskemet in central Hungary and Novi Sad in northern Serbia. These areas are also the areas with the highest density of Ambrosia habitats. The resulting inventory can be entered into atmospheric transport models in combination with other components such as a phenological model and a model for daily Pollen release, in order to simulate the movement of ragweed Pollen from the Pannonian Plain. The methodology is likely to be generally applicable for creating inventories of species distribution of allergenic plants. The main requirement is availability of: detailed land cover information; Pollen indexes; a list of the most important habitats; and a region of interest that is mainly influenced by local Sources.
Carsten Ambelas Skjøth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ambrosia Pollen Source inventory for italy a multi purpose tool to assess the impact of the ragweed leaf beetle ophraella communa lesage on populations of its host plant
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2018Co-Authors: Maira Bonini, Branko Šikoparija, Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, G Cislaghi, P Colombo, C Testoni, Matt SmithAbstract:Here, we produce Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories for Italy that focuses on the periods before and after the accidental introduction of the Ophraella communa beetle. The inventory uses the top–down approach that combines the annual Ambrosia Pollen index from a number of monitoring stations in the Source region as well as Ambrosia ecology, local knowledge of Ambrosia infestation and detailed land cover information. The final inventory is gridded to a 5 × 5-km resolution using a stereographic projection. The sites with the highest European Infection levels were recorded in the north of Italy at Busto Arsizio (VA3) (European Infection level 2003–2014 = 52.1) and Magenta (MI7) (European Infection level 2003–2014 = 51.3), whereas the sites with the lowest (i.e. around 0.0) were generally located to the south of the country. Analysis showed that the European Infection level in all of Italy was significantly lower in 2013–2014 compared to 2003–2012, and this decrease was even more pronounced at the sites in the area where Ophraella communa was distributed. Cross-validations show that the sensitivity to the inclusion of stations is typically below 1% (for two thirds of the stations) and that the station Magenta (MI7) had the largest impact compared to all other stations. This is the first time that Pollen Source inventories from different temporal periods have been compared in this way and has implications for simulating interannual variations in Pollen emission as well as evaluating the management of anemophilous plants like Ambrosia artemisiifolia.
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ragweed ambrosia Pollen Source inventory for austria
Science of The Total Environment, 2015Co-Authors: Gerhard Karrer, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, U Berger, Franz EsslAbstract:This study improves the spatial coverage of top-down Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories for Europe by expanding the methodology to Austria, a country that is challenging in terms of topography and the distribution of ragweed plants. The inventory combines annual ragweed Pollen counts from 19 Pollen-monitoring stations in Austria (2004–2013), 657 geographical observations of Ambrosia plants, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), local knowledge of ragweed ecology and CORINE land cover information from the Source area. The highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were generally recorded in the East of Austria where the highest densities of possible growth habitats for Ambrosia were situated. Approximately 99% of all observations of Ambrosia populations were below 745 m. The European infection level varies from 0.1% at Freistadt in Northern Austria to 12.8% at Rosalia in Eastern Austria. More top-down Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories are required for other parts of Europe.
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ragweed Pollen Source inventory for france the second largest centre of ambrosia in europe
Atmospheric Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Michel Thibaudon, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Gilles Oliver, Carsten Ambelas SkjøthAbstract:France, in particular the Rhone-Alpes region, is one of the three main centres of ragweed (Ambrosia) in Europe. The aim of this study is to develop a gridded ragweed Pollen Source inventory for all of France that can be used in assessments, eradication plans and by atmospheric models for describing concentrations of airborne ragweed Pollen. The inventory combines information about spatial variations in annual Ambrosia Pollen counts, knowledge of ragweed ecology, detailed land cover information and a Digital Elevation Model. The ragweed inventory consists of a local infection level on a scale of 0–100% (where 100% is the highest plant abundance per area in the studied region) and a European infection level between 0% and 100% (where 100% relates to the highest identified plant abundance in Europe using the same methodology) that has been distributed onto the EMEP grid with 5 km × 5 km resolution. The results of this analysis showed that some of the highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were recorded at Roussillon in the Rhone-Valley. This is reflected by the inventory, where the European infection level has been estimated to reach 67.70% of the most infected areas in Europe i.e. Kecskemet in central Hungary. The inventory shows that the Rhone Valley is the most heavily infected part of France. Central France is also infected, but northern and western parts of France are much less infected. The inventory can be entered into atmospheric transport models, in combination with other components such as a phenological model and a model for daily Pollen release, in order to simulate the dispersion of ragweed Pollen within France as well as potential long-distance transport from France to other European countries.
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a method for producing airborne Pollen Source inventories an example of ambrosia ragweed on the pannonian plain
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2010Co-Authors: Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, Alicja Stach, Dorota Myszkowska, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Predrag Radisic, Idalia Kasprzyk, Barbara Stjepanovic, Ivana Hrga, Dora ApatiniAbstract:We present here a simple methodology for calculating species inventories for allergenic Pollen that can be used by atmospheric transport models. Ragweed (Ambrosia) species distribution or infection level on the Pannonian Plain has been used as an example of how the methodology can be used. The Pannonian Plain is one of the three main regions in Europe recognized as being polluted by Ambrosia. The methodology relies on spatial variations in annual Ambrosia Pollen counts, knowledge on ragweed ecology and detailed land cover information. The results of this analysis showed that some of the highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were witnessed around Kecskemet in central Hungary and Novi Sad in northern Serbia. These areas are also the areas with the highest density of Ambrosia habitats. The resulting inventory can be entered into atmospheric transport models in combination with other components such as a phenological model and a model for daily Pollen release, in order to simulate the movement of ragweed Pollen from the Pannonian Plain. The methodology is likely to be generally applicable for creating inventories of species distribution of allergenic plants. The main requirement is availability of: detailed land cover information; Pollen indexes; a list of the most important habitats; and a region of interest that is mainly influenced by local Sources.
Branko Šikoparija - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ambrosia Pollen Source inventory for italy a multi purpose tool to assess the impact of the ragweed leaf beetle ophraella communa lesage on populations of its host plant
International Journal of Biometeorology, 2018Co-Authors: Maira Bonini, Branko Šikoparija, Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, G Cislaghi, P Colombo, C Testoni, Matt SmithAbstract:Here, we produce Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories for Italy that focuses on the periods before and after the accidental introduction of the Ophraella communa beetle. The inventory uses the top–down approach that combines the annual Ambrosia Pollen index from a number of monitoring stations in the Source region as well as Ambrosia ecology, local knowledge of Ambrosia infestation and detailed land cover information. The final inventory is gridded to a 5 × 5-km resolution using a stereographic projection. The sites with the highest European Infection levels were recorded in the north of Italy at Busto Arsizio (VA3) (European Infection level 2003–2014 = 52.1) and Magenta (MI7) (European Infection level 2003–2014 = 51.3), whereas the sites with the lowest (i.e. around 0.0) were generally located to the south of the country. Analysis showed that the European Infection level in all of Italy was significantly lower in 2013–2014 compared to 2003–2012, and this decrease was even more pronounced at the sites in the area where Ophraella communa was distributed. Cross-validations show that the sensitivity to the inclusion of stations is typically below 1% (for two thirds of the stations) and that the station Magenta (MI7) had the largest impact compared to all other stations. This is the first time that Pollen Source inventories from different temporal periods have been compared in this way and has implications for simulating interannual variations in Pollen emission as well as evaluating the management of anemophilous plants like Ambrosia artemisiifolia.
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ragweed ambrosia Pollen Source inventory for austria
Science of The Total Environment, 2015Co-Authors: Gerhard Karrer, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, U Berger, Franz EsslAbstract:This study improves the spatial coverage of top-down Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories for Europe by expanding the methodology to Austria, a country that is challenging in terms of topography and the distribution of ragweed plants. The inventory combines annual ragweed Pollen counts from 19 Pollen-monitoring stations in Austria (2004–2013), 657 geographical observations of Ambrosia plants, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), local knowledge of ragweed ecology and CORINE land cover information from the Source area. The highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were generally recorded in the East of Austria where the highest densities of possible growth habitats for Ambrosia were situated. Approximately 99% of all observations of Ambrosia populations were below 745 m. The European infection level varies from 0.1% at Freistadt in Northern Austria to 12.8% at Rosalia in Eastern Austria. More top-down Ambrosia Pollen Source inventories are required for other parts of Europe.
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ragweed Pollen Source inventory for france the second largest centre of ambrosia in europe
Atmospheric Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Michel Thibaudon, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Gilles Oliver, Carsten Ambelas SkjøthAbstract:France, in particular the Rhone-Alpes region, is one of the three main centres of ragweed (Ambrosia) in Europe. The aim of this study is to develop a gridded ragweed Pollen Source inventory for all of France that can be used in assessments, eradication plans and by atmospheric models for describing concentrations of airborne ragweed Pollen. The inventory combines information about spatial variations in annual Ambrosia Pollen counts, knowledge of ragweed ecology, detailed land cover information and a Digital Elevation Model. The ragweed inventory consists of a local infection level on a scale of 0–100% (where 100% is the highest plant abundance per area in the studied region) and a European infection level between 0% and 100% (where 100% relates to the highest identified plant abundance in Europe using the same methodology) that has been distributed onto the EMEP grid with 5 km × 5 km resolution. The results of this analysis showed that some of the highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were recorded at Roussillon in the Rhone-Valley. This is reflected by the inventory, where the European infection level has been estimated to reach 67.70% of the most infected areas in Europe i.e. Kecskemet in central Hungary. The inventory shows that the Rhone Valley is the most heavily infected part of France. Central France is also infected, but northern and western parts of France are much less infected. The inventory can be entered into atmospheric transport models, in combination with other components such as a phenological model and a model for daily Pollen release, in order to simulate the dispersion of ragweed Pollen within France as well as potential long-distance transport from France to other European countries.
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a method for producing airborne Pollen Source inventories an example of ambrosia ragweed on the pannonian plain
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2010Co-Authors: Carsten Ambelas Skjøth, Alicja Stach, Dorota Myszkowska, Branko Šikoparija, Matt Smith, Predrag Radisic, Idalia Kasprzyk, Barbara Stjepanovic, Ivana Hrga, Dora ApatiniAbstract:We present here a simple methodology for calculating species inventories for allergenic Pollen that can be used by atmospheric transport models. Ragweed (Ambrosia) species distribution or infection level on the Pannonian Plain has been used as an example of how the methodology can be used. The Pannonian Plain is one of the three main regions in Europe recognized as being polluted by Ambrosia. The methodology relies on spatial variations in annual Ambrosia Pollen counts, knowledge on ragweed ecology and detailed land cover information. The results of this analysis showed that some of the highest mean annual ragweed Pollen concentrations were witnessed around Kecskemet in central Hungary and Novi Sad in northern Serbia. These areas are also the areas with the highest density of Ambrosia habitats. The resulting inventory can be entered into atmospheric transport models in combination with other components such as a phenological model and a model for daily Pollen release, in order to simulate the movement of ragweed Pollen from the Pannonian Plain. The methodology is likely to be generally applicable for creating inventories of species distribution of allergenic plants. The main requirement is availability of: detailed land cover information; Pollen indexes; a list of the most important habitats; and a region of interest that is mainly influenced by local Sources.
Jun Rong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modelling Pollen mediated gene flow in rice risk assessment and management of transgene escape
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2010Co-Authors: Jun Rong, Zhiping Song, Tom J De Jong, Xinsheng Zhang, Shuguang Sun, Hui Xia, Bo LiuAbstract:Fast development and commercialization of genetically modified plants have aroused concerns of transgene escape and its environmental consequences. A model that can effectively predict Pollen-mediated gene flow (PMGF) is essential for assessing and managing risks from transgene escape. A Pollen-trap method was used to measure the wind-borne Pollen dispersal in cultivated rice and common wild rice, and effects of relative humidity, temperature and wind speed on Pollen dispersal were estimated. A PMGF model was constructed based on the Pollen dispersal pattern in rice, taking outcrossing rates of recipients and cross-compatibility between rice and its wild relatives into consideration. Published rice gene flow data were used to validate the model. Pollen density decreased in a simple exponential pattern with distances to the rice field. High relative humidity reduced Pollen dispersal distances. Model simulation showed an increased PMGF frequency with the increase of Pollen Source size (the area of a rice field), but this effect levelled off with a large Pollen-Source size. Cross-compatibility is essential when modelling PMGF from rice to its wild relatives. The model fits the data well, including PMGF from rice to its wild relatives. Therefore, it can be used to predict PMGF in rice under diverse conditions (e.g. different outcrossing rates and cross-compatibilities), facilitating the determination of isolation distances to minimize transgene escape. The PMGF model may be extended to other wind-pollinated plant species such as wheat and barley.
Michael J. Horak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pollen mediated gene flow in maize implications for isolation requirements and coexistence in mexico the center of origin of maize
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Baltazar M Baltazar, Luciano Castro Espinoza, Armando Espinoza Banda, Juan Manuel De La Fuente Martinez, Juvencio Gonzalez Garcia, Marco Antonio Gutierrez, Jose Luis Guzman Rodriguez, Oscar Heredia Diaz, José Antonio Garzón Tiznado, Michael J. HorakAbstract:Mexico, the center of origin of maize (Zea mays L.), has taken actions to preserve the identity and diversity of maize landraces and wild relatives. Historically, spatial isolation has been used in seed production to maintain seed purity. Spatial isolation can also be a key component for a strategy to minimize Pollen-mediated gene flow in Mexico between transgenic maize and sexually compatible plants of maize conventional hybrids, landraces, and wild relatives. The objective of this research was to generate field maize-to-maize outcrossing data to help guide coexistence discussions in Mexico. In this study, outcrossing rates were determined and modeled from eight locations in six northern states, which represent the most economically important areas for the cultivation of hybrid maize in Mexico. At each site, Pollen Source plots were planted with a yellow-kernel maize hybrid and surrounded by plots with a white-kernel conventional maize hybrid (Pollen recipient) of the same maturity. Outcrossing rates were then quantified by assessing the number of yellow kernels harvested from white-kernel hybrid plots. The highest outcrossing values were observed near the Pollen Source (12.9% at 1 m distance). The outcrossing levels declined sharply to 4.6, 2.7, 1.4, 1.0, 0.9, 0.5, and 0.5% as the distance from the Pollen Source increased to 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 25 m, respectively. At distances beyond 20 m outcrossing values at all locations were below 1%. These trends are consistent with studies conducted in other world regions. The results suggest that coexistence measures that have been implemented in other geographies, such as spatial isolation, would be successful in Mexico to minimize transgenic maize Pollen flow to conventional maize hybrids, landraces and wild relatives.