The Experts below are selected from a list of 235956 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Renaud Lancelot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mapping the serological Prevalence Rate of west Nile fever in equids, Tunisia
Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Ramzi Bargaoui, Sylvie Lecollinet, Renaud LancelotAbstract:West Nile fever (WNF) is a viral disease of wild birds transmitted by mosquitoes. Humans and equids can also be affected and suffer from meningoencephalitis. In Tunisia, two outbreaks of WNF occurred in humans in 1997 and 2003; sporadic cases were reported on several other years. Small-scale serological surveys revealed the presence of antibodies against WN virus (WNV) in equid sera. However, clinical cases were never reported in equids, although their population is abundant in Tunisia. This study was achieved to characterize the nationwide serological status of WNV in Tunisian equids. In total, 1189 sera were collected in 2009 during a cross-sectional survey. Sera were tested for IgG antibodies, using ELISA and microneutralization tests. The estimated overall seroPrevalence Rate was 28%, 95% confidence interval [22; 34]. The highest Rates were observed (i) in the north-eastern governoRates (Jendouba, 74%), (ii) on the eastern coast (Monastir, 64%) and (iii) in the lowlands of Chott El Jerid and Chott el Gharsa (Kebili, 58%; Tozeur, 52%). Environmental risk factors were assessed, including various indicators of wetlands, wild avifauna, night temperature and chlorophyllous activity (normalized difference vegetation index: NDVI). Multimodel inference showed that lower distance to ornithological sites and wetlands, lower night-time temperature, and higher NDVI in late spring and late fall were associated with higher serological Prevalence Rate. The model-predicted nationwide map of WNF seroPrevalence Rate in Tunisian equids highlighted different areas with high seroPrevalence probability. These findings are discussed in the perspective of implementing a better WNF surveillance system in Tunisia. This system might rely on (i) a longitudinal survey of sentinel birds in high-risk areas and time periods for WNV transmission, (ii) investigations of bird die-offs and (iii) syndromic surveillance of equine meningoencephalitis.
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Mapping the Serological Prevalence Rate of West Nile fever in Equids, Tunisia
Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2013Co-Authors: Ramzi Bargaoui, Sylvie Lecollinet, Renaud LancelotAbstract:West Nile fever (WNF) is a viral disease of wild birds transmitted by mosquitoes. Humans and equids can also be affected and suffer from meningoencephalitis. In Tunisia, two outbreaks of WNF occurred in humans in 1997 and 2003; sporadic cases were reported on several other years. Small-scale serological surveys revealed the presence of antibodies against WN virus (WNV) in equid sera. However, clinical cases were never reported in equids, although their population is abundant in Tunisia. This study was achieved to characterize the nationwide serological status of WNV in Tunisian equids. In total, 1189 sera were collected in 2009 during a cross-sectional survey. Sera were tested for IgG antibodies, using ELISA and microneutralization tests. The estimated overall seroPrevalence Rate was 28%, 95% confidence interval [22; 34]. The highest Rates were observed (i) in the north-eastern governoRates (Jendouba, 74%), (ii) on the eastern coast (Monastir, 64%) and (iii) in the lowlands of Chott El Jerid and Chott el Gharsa (Kebili, 58%; Tozeur, 52%). Environmental risk factors were assessed, including various indicators of wetlands, wild avifauna, night temperature and chlorophyllous activity (normalized difference vegetation index: NDVI). Multimodel inference showed that lower distance to ornithological sites and wetlands, lower night-time temperature, and higher NDVI in late spring and late fall were associated with higher serological Prevalence Rate. The model-predicted nationwide map of WNF seroPrevalence Rate in Tunisian equids highlighted different areas with high seroPrevalence probability. These findings are discussed in the perspective of implementing a better WNF surveillance system in Tunisia. This system might rely on (i) a longitudinal survey of sentinel birds in high-risk areas and time periods for WNV transmission, (ii) investigations of bird die-offs and (iii) syndromic surveillance of equine meningoencephalitis. (Resume d'auteur)
Hamid Alavi Majd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Prevalence Rate of Sexual Violence Worldwide: A Trend Analysis
2020Co-Authors: Nasrin Borumandnia, Naghmeh Khadembashi, Mohammad Tabatabaei, Hamid Alavi MajdAbstract:Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study is to showcase the image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in its Prevalence Rates during 1990-2017 across 195 countries and territories.Methods: The SV Prevalence Rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database during 1990-2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women sepaRately. Then, the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time was determined within countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV Prevalence Rate over time.Results: The SV Prevalence was higher among women than men and decreased in both genders over time across the world. The declining trend in SV Prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV Prevalence against women in countries with low HDI shows an increase. The findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV Prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into the class with the highest decrease in SV Prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into the class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In terms of SV Prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into the class with the most increase among the countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were placed into the class which witnessed the largest decline and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea were ranked next. The trend in other countries was mostly decreasing.Conclusion: Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the Rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention by relevant policymakers. The SV Prevalence Rate is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.
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The Prevalence Rate of sexual violence worldwide: a trend analysis.
BMC public health, 2020Co-Authors: Nasrin Borumandnia, Naghmeh Khadembashi, Mohammad Tabatabaei, Hamid Alavi MajdAbstract:The purpose of the present study is to showcase the image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in its Prevalence Rates during 1990–2017 across 195 countries and territories. The SV Prevalence Rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database during 1990–2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women sepaRately. Then, the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time was determined within countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV Prevalence Rate over time. The SV Prevalence was higher among women than men and decreased in both genders over time across the world. The declining trend in SV Prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV Prevalence against women in countries with low HDI shows an increase. The findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV Prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into the class with the highest decrease in SV Prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into the class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In terms of SV Prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into the class with the most increase among the countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were placed into the class which witnessed the largest decline and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea were ranked next. The trend in other countries was mostly decreasing. Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the Rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention by relevant policymakers. The SV Prevalence Rate is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.
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The Prevalence Rate of Sexual Violence Worldwide: A Trend Analysis
2020Co-Authors: Nasrin Borumandnia, Naghmeh Khadembashi, Mohammad Tabatabaei, Hamid Alavi MajdAbstract:Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study is to showcase an image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in the Prevalence Rates during 1990-2017 across 195 countries and territories. Methods: The SV Prevalence Rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, during 1990-2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women sepaRately. Then, the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time was determined in the countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV Prevalence Rate over time. Results: The SV Prevalence Rate was higher in women than in men and decreased in both genders over time all over the world. The declining trend in SV’s Prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV’s Prevalence against women in countries with low HDI has increased. Findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV Prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into class with highest decrease in SV’s Prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In term of SV’s Prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into class with the most increasing among countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were entered into the class which witnessed the largest declines and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea have been ranked next. The trend in other countries has been mostly decreasing. Conclusion: Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the Rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention from relevant policymakers. The Rate of SV Prevalence is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.
Ramzi Bargaoui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mapping the serological Prevalence Rate of west Nile fever in equids, Tunisia
Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Ramzi Bargaoui, Sylvie Lecollinet, Renaud LancelotAbstract:West Nile fever (WNF) is a viral disease of wild birds transmitted by mosquitoes. Humans and equids can also be affected and suffer from meningoencephalitis. In Tunisia, two outbreaks of WNF occurred in humans in 1997 and 2003; sporadic cases were reported on several other years. Small-scale serological surveys revealed the presence of antibodies against WN virus (WNV) in equid sera. However, clinical cases were never reported in equids, although their population is abundant in Tunisia. This study was achieved to characterize the nationwide serological status of WNV in Tunisian equids. In total, 1189 sera were collected in 2009 during a cross-sectional survey. Sera were tested for IgG antibodies, using ELISA and microneutralization tests. The estimated overall seroPrevalence Rate was 28%, 95% confidence interval [22; 34]. The highest Rates were observed (i) in the north-eastern governoRates (Jendouba, 74%), (ii) on the eastern coast (Monastir, 64%) and (iii) in the lowlands of Chott El Jerid and Chott el Gharsa (Kebili, 58%; Tozeur, 52%). Environmental risk factors were assessed, including various indicators of wetlands, wild avifauna, night temperature and chlorophyllous activity (normalized difference vegetation index: NDVI). Multimodel inference showed that lower distance to ornithological sites and wetlands, lower night-time temperature, and higher NDVI in late spring and late fall were associated with higher serological Prevalence Rate. The model-predicted nationwide map of WNF seroPrevalence Rate in Tunisian equids highlighted different areas with high seroPrevalence probability. These findings are discussed in the perspective of implementing a better WNF surveillance system in Tunisia. This system might rely on (i) a longitudinal survey of sentinel birds in high-risk areas and time periods for WNV transmission, (ii) investigations of bird die-offs and (iii) syndromic surveillance of equine meningoencephalitis.
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Mapping the Serological Prevalence Rate of West Nile fever in Equids, Tunisia
Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2013Co-Authors: Ramzi Bargaoui, Sylvie Lecollinet, Renaud LancelotAbstract:West Nile fever (WNF) is a viral disease of wild birds transmitted by mosquitoes. Humans and equids can also be affected and suffer from meningoencephalitis. In Tunisia, two outbreaks of WNF occurred in humans in 1997 and 2003; sporadic cases were reported on several other years. Small-scale serological surveys revealed the presence of antibodies against WN virus (WNV) in equid sera. However, clinical cases were never reported in equids, although their population is abundant in Tunisia. This study was achieved to characterize the nationwide serological status of WNV in Tunisian equids. In total, 1189 sera were collected in 2009 during a cross-sectional survey. Sera were tested for IgG antibodies, using ELISA and microneutralization tests. The estimated overall seroPrevalence Rate was 28%, 95% confidence interval [22; 34]. The highest Rates were observed (i) in the north-eastern governoRates (Jendouba, 74%), (ii) on the eastern coast (Monastir, 64%) and (iii) in the lowlands of Chott El Jerid and Chott el Gharsa (Kebili, 58%; Tozeur, 52%). Environmental risk factors were assessed, including various indicators of wetlands, wild avifauna, night temperature and chlorophyllous activity (normalized difference vegetation index: NDVI). Multimodel inference showed that lower distance to ornithological sites and wetlands, lower night-time temperature, and higher NDVI in late spring and late fall were associated with higher serological Prevalence Rate. The model-predicted nationwide map of WNF seroPrevalence Rate in Tunisian equids highlighted different areas with high seroPrevalence probability. These findings are discussed in the perspective of implementing a better WNF surveillance system in Tunisia. This system might rely on (i) a longitudinal survey of sentinel birds in high-risk areas and time periods for WNV transmission, (ii) investigations of bird die-offs and (iii) syndromic surveillance of equine meningoencephalitis. (Resume d'auteur)
Nasrin Borumandnia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Prevalence Rate of Sexual Violence Worldwide: A Trend Analysis
2020Co-Authors: Nasrin Borumandnia, Naghmeh Khadembashi, Mohammad Tabatabaei, Hamid Alavi MajdAbstract:Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study is to showcase the image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in its Prevalence Rates during 1990-2017 across 195 countries and territories.Methods: The SV Prevalence Rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database during 1990-2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women sepaRately. Then, the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time was determined within countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV Prevalence Rate over time.Results: The SV Prevalence was higher among women than men and decreased in both genders over time across the world. The declining trend in SV Prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV Prevalence against women in countries with low HDI shows an increase. The findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV Prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into the class with the highest decrease in SV Prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into the class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In terms of SV Prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into the class with the most increase among the countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were placed into the class which witnessed the largest decline and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea were ranked next. The trend in other countries was mostly decreasing.Conclusion: Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the Rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention by relevant policymakers. The SV Prevalence Rate is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.
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The Prevalence Rate of sexual violence worldwide: a trend analysis.
BMC public health, 2020Co-Authors: Nasrin Borumandnia, Naghmeh Khadembashi, Mohammad Tabatabaei, Hamid Alavi MajdAbstract:The purpose of the present study is to showcase the image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in its Prevalence Rates during 1990–2017 across 195 countries and territories. The SV Prevalence Rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database during 1990–2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women sepaRately. Then, the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time was determined within countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV Prevalence Rate over time. The SV Prevalence was higher among women than men and decreased in both genders over time across the world. The declining trend in SV Prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV Prevalence against women in countries with low HDI shows an increase. The findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV Prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into the class with the highest decrease in SV Prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into the class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In terms of SV Prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into the class with the most increase among the countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were placed into the class which witnessed the largest decline and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea were ranked next. The trend in other countries was mostly decreasing. Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the Rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention by relevant policymakers. The SV Prevalence Rate is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.
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The Prevalence Rate of Sexual Violence Worldwide: A Trend Analysis
2020Co-Authors: Nasrin Borumandnia, Naghmeh Khadembashi, Mohammad Tabatabaei, Hamid Alavi MajdAbstract:Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study is to showcase an image of Sexual Violence (SV) temporal trends through exploring differences in the Prevalence Rates during 1990-2017 across 195 countries and territories. Methods: The SV Prevalence Rates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, during 1990-2017, worldwide. First, the Latent Growth Model (LGM) was employed for assessing the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America, Australia & Oceania, for men and women sepaRately. Then, the change in SV Prevalence Rate over time was determined in the countries with high and low Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, the Latent Growth Mixture Models (LGMM) were applied for identifying classes where countries within each class have similar trend of SV Prevalence Rate over time. Results: The SV Prevalence Rate was higher in women than in men and decreased in both genders over time all over the world. The declining trend in SV’s Prevalence against men is visible in both countries with high and low HDI, but SV’s Prevalence against women in countries with low HDI has increased. Findings of LGMM identified six classes of SV Prevalence trajectories. LGMM allocated Bermuda into class with highest decrease in SV’s Prevalence against men, and Equatorial Guinea and Luxembourg into class with the highest increase. Other countries had very slow declining trends. In term of SV’s Prevalence against women, LGMM allocated China, North Korea, and Taiwan into class with the most increasing among countries in the world. Bermuda, Guyana, Mexico, Nigeria, and Saint Lucia were entered into the class which witnessed the largest declines and Angola, Congo, and Equatorial Guinea have been ranked next. The trend in other countries has been mostly decreasing. Conclusion: Given the high economic and social burden that SV has on victims and societies, the Rate of SV in most countries does not seem to have dropped remarkably and requires special attention from relevant policymakers. The Rate of SV Prevalence is highly heterogeneous among world countries which may be due to the definitions and tools used, and more importantly, the culture norms.
Anthony M. J. Bull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fabella Prevalence Rate increases over 150 years, and Rates of other sesamoid bones remain constant: a systematic review
Journal of Anatomy, 2019Co-Authors: Michael A. Berthaume, Erica Di Federico, Anthony M. J. BullAbstract:The fabella is a sesamoid bone located behind the lateral femoral condyle. It is common in non-human mammals, but the Prevalence Rates in humans vary from 3 to 87%. Here, we calculate the Prevalence of the fabella in a Korean population and investigate possible temporal shifts in Prevalence Rate. A total of 52.83% of our individuals and 44.34% of our knees had fabellae detectable by computed tomography scanning. Men and women were equally likely to have a fabella, and bilateral cases (67.86%) were more common than unilateral ones (32.14%). Fabella presence was not correlated with height or age, although our sample did not include skeletally immature individuals. Our systematic review yielded 58 studies on fabella Prevalence Rate from 1875–2018 which met our inclusion criteria, one of which was an outlier. Intriguingly, a Bayesian mixed effects generalized linear model revealed a temporal shift in Prevalence Rates, with the median Prevalence Rate in 2000 (31.00%) being ~ 3.5 times higher than that in 1900 (7.64%). In all four countries with studies before and after 1960, higher Rates were always found after 1960. Using data from two other systematic reviews, we found no increase in Prevalence Rates of 10 other sesamoid bones in the human body, indicating that the increase in fabella Prevalence Rate is unique. Fabella presence/absence is due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors: as the Prevalence Rates of other sesamoid bones have not changed in the last 100 years, we postulate the increase in fabella Prevalence Rate is due to an environmental factor. Namely, the global increase in human height and weight (due to improved nutrition) may have increased human tibial length and muscle mass. Increases in tibial length could lead to a larger moment arm acting on the knee and on the tendons crossing it. Coupled with the increased force from a larger gastrocnemius, this could produce the mechanical stimuli necessary to initiate fabella formation and/or ossification.Key words: fabella; Korea; Prevalence Rate; sesamoid bone.