The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alexandros Maziotis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Productivity Change and its drivers for the Chilean water companies: A comparison of full private and concessionary companies
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018Co-Authors: María Molinos-senante, Simon Porcher, Alexandros MaziotisAbstract:The privatization of the water industry has aroused interest in comparing the performance of public vs. private water companies. However, little research has been conducted to compare the performances of full private (FPWCs) and concessionary water companies (CWCs). This study estimates and compares the Productivity growth and its drivers (efficiency, technical and scale Change) for a sample of Chilean FPWCs and CWCs over the 2007–2015 period using the input distance function. Both types of water companies showed deteriorations in Productivity growth, with CWCs exhibiting higher rates of negative Productivity growth than FPWCs. For FPWCs, any gains in efficiency and scale were outstripped by egative technical Change. CWCs did not improve their performance in any of the three components of Productivity Change. The comparison of Productivity Change between FPWCs and CWCs is essential to support decision-making therefore, this study is of great interest for policymakers worldwide who are developing policies aimed at privatizing water companies.
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Assessing the Productivity Change of water companies in England and Wales: A dynamic metafrontier approach.
Journal of environmental management, 2017Co-Authors: María Molinos-senante, Alexandros Maziotis, Ramón Sala-garridoAbstract:The assessment of Productivity Change and its drivers across water companies and over time is a powerful tool for both regulators and companies when setting water tariffs. Water and sewerage companies (WaSCs) and water only companies (WoCs) provide different services. Hence, their Productivity Change cannot directly be evaluated jointly. In this paper and for the first time, we provide a pioneering approach to assess and compare the dynamics of Productivity Change of WaSCs and WoCs. To achieve this, both the traditional Malmquist Productivity index and the metafrontier Malmquist Productivity index and its components are computed to assess the Productivity Change for a sample of English and Welsh water companies over the period 2001-2014. The findings from both indices indicate that Productivity for both WaSCs and WoCs did not improve during this period, mainly due to the negative shift in the production frontier which offset the positive effect of efficiency Change. It is also reported that the performance of the WoCs over time was slightly better than that of the WaSCs. Finally, our study provides some insights into the relationship between Productivity Change and the regulatory cycle. This information is essential to improve the regulation of water and sewerage services, contributing to the long-term sustainability of the urban water cycle.
María Molinos-senante - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Productivity Change and its drivers for the Chilean water companies: A comparison of full private and concessionary companies
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018Co-Authors: María Molinos-senante, Simon Porcher, Alexandros MaziotisAbstract:The privatization of the water industry has aroused interest in comparing the performance of public vs. private water companies. However, little research has been conducted to compare the performances of full private (FPWCs) and concessionary water companies (CWCs). This study estimates and compares the Productivity growth and its drivers (efficiency, technical and scale Change) for a sample of Chilean FPWCs and CWCs over the 2007–2015 period using the input distance function. Both types of water companies showed deteriorations in Productivity growth, with CWCs exhibiting higher rates of negative Productivity growth than FPWCs. For FPWCs, any gains in efficiency and scale were outstripped by egative technical Change. CWCs did not improve their performance in any of the three components of Productivity Change. The comparison of Productivity Change between FPWCs and CWCs is essential to support decision-making therefore, this study is of great interest for policymakers worldwide who are developing policies aimed at privatizing water companies.
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Assessing the Productivity Change of water companies in England and Wales: A dynamic metafrontier approach.
Journal of environmental management, 2017Co-Authors: María Molinos-senante, Alexandros Maziotis, Ramón Sala-garridoAbstract:The assessment of Productivity Change and its drivers across water companies and over time is a powerful tool for both regulators and companies when setting water tariffs. Water and sewerage companies (WaSCs) and water only companies (WoCs) provide different services. Hence, their Productivity Change cannot directly be evaluated jointly. In this paper and for the first time, we provide a pioneering approach to assess and compare the dynamics of Productivity Change of WaSCs and WoCs. To achieve this, both the traditional Malmquist Productivity index and the metafrontier Malmquist Productivity index and its components are computed to assess the Productivity Change for a sample of English and Welsh water companies over the period 2001-2014. The findings from both indices indicate that Productivity for both WaSCs and WoCs did not improve during this period, mainly due to the negative shift in the production frontier which offset the positive effect of efficiency Change. It is also reported that the performance of the WoCs over time was slightly better than that of the WaSCs. Finally, our study provides some insights into the relationship between Productivity Change and the regulatory cycle. This information is essential to improve the regulation of water and sewerage services, contributing to the long-term sustainability of the urban water cycle.
Laure Latruffe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Common Agricultural Policy support, technical efficiency and Productivity Change in French agriculture
Review of Agricultural Food and Environmental Studies, 2016Co-Authors: Laure Latruffe, Yann DesjeuxAbstract:This paper investigates how the various Changes in the policy supporting agriculture in the European Union, i.e. the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), and various types of subsidies (investment, production and rural development) affected the technical efficiency and Productivity Change of farms in France between 1990 and 2006. Three types of farming—field crop, dairy and beef cattle—are considered. Comparison of efficiency across periods indicates a significant reduction in efficiency in the period following the first CAP reform (1992 MacSharry reform) but an improvement in efficiency Change. Econometric results related to the effect of subsidies on efficiency scores (with fixed effect models) and Productivity Change indices (with ordinary least squares) give ambiguous findings. The effect of a particular type of subsidy was found to be negative or positive depending on the sample’s production orientation and on the performance considered. Several methodological recommendations are drawn from the analysis for future research.
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EU farms’ technical efficiency and Productivity Change in 1990 – 2006
2011Co-Authors: Zoltán Bakucs, Yann Desjeux, Laure Latruffe, Imre Fertő, József Fogarasi, Eduard Matveev, Sonia Marongiu, Mark Dolman, Rafat SobohAbstract:In this paper we analyse and compare various efficiency indicators for a number of European Union (EU) countries: Belgium, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands and Sweden. The availability of long period datasets between 1990 and 2006, allow us to concentrate on the long time trends in technical efficiency especially in Old Member States. This study is the first which may provide a comprehensive overview on the development in farm level efficiency across eight European countries. Our main results are the following. Generally, all countries have relatively high levels of mean technical efficiency ranging from 0.72 to 0.92 for both field crops and dairy farms. Interestingly the majority of countries have better performance in dairy sectors in terms of higher levels of mean efficiency than in field crop production. A slightly decreasing trend however may be observed for all countries. Technical Efficiency estimates are largely in line with those obtained by previous studies. Stability analysis revealed that in average 60% of farms maintain their efficiency ranking in two consecutive years, whilst 20% improve and 20% worsen their positions for all countries. However, these ratios slightly fluctuate around these values for one year to next year. Mobility analysis ranks countries according to the mobility of SFA scores within the distribution. Farms in New Member States are more mobile than those in EU15. Total Productivity Changes are analysed in two steps. First, we do not find a definite trend in total factor Productivity Changes. Second, we address the question whether total factor Productivity Changes converge or diverge over time. Using panel unit root tests our estimations reveal a convergence of Productivity across old EU member countries during analysed period. Finally, we decompose the total factor Productivity Changes into its main elements. Field crop farm indicators generally present significantly higher volatility than dairy farms. Random effect panel regression of Total Factor Productivity Change on its components shows Technological Change as being the significant positive driver for crop farms, whilst Technical Efficiency Change followed by Technological Change are the most important for dairy farms. In addition we do not find significant impacts of CAP reforms in 1992 and 2000 on total Productivity Changes.
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EU farms’ technical efficiency, allocative efficiency, and Productivity Change in 1990-2006
2010Co-Authors: Zoltán Bakucs, Yann Desjeux, Laure Latruffe, Imre Fertő, József Fogarasi, Csaba Forgács, József Tóth, Eduard Matveev, Mati Sepp, Luca CesaroAbstract:EU farms’ technical efficiency, allocative efficiency, and Productivity Change in 1990-2006
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The use of bootstrapped Malmquist indices to reassess Productivity Change findings: an application to a sample of Polish farms
Applied Economics, 2008Co-Authors: Kelvin Balcombe, Sophia Davidova, Laure LatruffeAbstract:The paper assesses the extent to which sampling variation affects findings about Malmquist Productivity Change derived using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), in the first stage calculating Productivity indices and in the second stage investigating the farm-specific Change in Productivity. Confidence intervals for Malmquist indices are constructed using Simar and Wilson's (1999) bootstrapping procedure. The main contribution of the paper is to account in the second stage for the information provided by the first-stage bootstrap. The DEA standard errors of the Malmquist indices given by bootstrapping are employed in an innovative heteroscedastic panel regression, using a maximum likelihood procedure. The application is to a sample of 250 Polish farms over the period 1996-2000. The confidence intervals' results suggest that the second half of 1990s for Polish farms was characterised not so much by Productivity regress but rather by stagnation. As for the determinants of farm Productivity Change, we find that the integration of the DEA standard errors in the second-stage regression is significant in explaining a proportion of the variance in the error term. Although our heteroscedastic regression results differ with those from the standard OLS, in terms of significance and sign, they are consistent with theory and previous research.
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Productivity Change and impact of subsidies: a comparison of French and Hungarian COP farms
2008Co-Authors: József Fogarasi, Laure LatruffeAbstract:Productivity Change and impact of subsidies: a comparison of French and Hungarian COP farms. AAEA & ACCI Joint Annual Meeting
Paul W. Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Central limit theorems and inference for sources of Productivity Change measured by nonparametric Malmquist indices
European Journal of Operational Research, 2019Co-Authors: Léopold Simar, Paul W. WilsonAbstract:Abstract Malmquist indices are often used to measure Productivity Changes in dynamic settings and have been widely applied. The indices are typically estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA) estimators. Malmquist indices are often decomposed into sub-indices that measure the sources of Productivity Change (e.g., Changes in efficiency, technology or other factors). Recently, Kneip et al. (2018) provide new theoretical results enabling inference about Productivity Change for individual firms as well as average Productivity Changed measured in terms of geometric means. This paper extends those results to components of Productivity Change arising from various decompositions of Malmquist indices. New central limit theorems are developed to allow inference about arithmetic means of logarithms of the sub-indices as well as geometric means of (untransformed) sub-indices. The results are quite general and extend to other sub-indices not explicitly considered in this paper.
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Central Limit Theorems and Inference for Sources of Productivity Change Measured by Nonparametric Malmquist Indices
2018Co-Authors: Léopold Simar, Paul W. WilsonAbstract:Malmquist indices are often used to measure Productivity Changes in dynamic settings and have been widely applied. The indices are typically estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA) estimators. Malmquist indices are often decomposed into sub-indices that measure the sources of Productivity Change (e.g., Changes in efficiency, technology or other factors). Recently, Kneip et al. (2018) provide new theoretical results enabling inference about Productivity Change for individual firms as well as average Productivity Changed measured in terms of geometric means. This paper extends those results to components of Productivity Change arising from various decompositions of Malmquist indices. New central limit theorems are developed to allow inference about arithmetic means of logarithms of the sub-indices as well as geometric means of (untransformed) sub-indices. The results are quite general and extend to other sub-indices not explicitly considered in this paper. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.) (This abstract was borrowed f (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
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technical progress inefficiency and Productivity Change in u s banking 1984 1993
1996Co-Authors: David C Wheelock, Paul W. WilsonAbstract:Numerous studies have found that US commercial banks are quite inefficient, and we find that, on average, banks became more technically inefficient between 1984 and 1993. Our analysis of Productivity Change, however, shows that technological improvements adopted by a few banks pushed out the efficient frontier, and that, on average, commercial banks experienced Productivity gains. For banks with assets less than 0 million, however, technological improvement was insufficient to offset increased inefficiency, and thus Productivity declined over the period. Our findings suggest that increasing inefficiency is reflective of an industry undergoing rapid technical Change and adjustment of average firm size, but not necessarily a long-term decline.
Bernhard Mahlberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Productivity Change in a multisectoral economic system
Economic Systems Research, 2016Co-Authors: Mikuláš Luptáčik, Bernhard MahlbergAbstract:ABSTRACTWe estimate Productivity growth without recourse to data on factor input shares or prices. In the proposed model, the economy is represented by the Leontief input–output model, which is extended by the constraints of primary inputs. A Luenberger Productivity indicator is proposed to estimate Productivity Change; this is then decomposed in a way that enables us to examine the contributions of individual production factors and individual commodities to Productivity Change. The results allow for the identification of inputs or outputs that are the drivers of the overall Productivity Change. Their contributions are then decomposed into efficiency Change and technical Change components. Using input–output tables of the US economy for the period 1977–2006, we show that technical progress has been the main source of Productivity Change. Technical progress was mostly driven by capital, whereas low-skilled labour contributed negatively.
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Eco-efficiency and eco-Productivity Change over time in a multisectoral economic system
European Journal of Operational Research, 2014Co-Authors: Bernhard Mahlberg, Mikuláš LuptáčikAbstract:We measure eco-efficiency of an economy by means of an augmented Leontief input-output model extended by constraints for primary inputs. Using a multi-objective optimization model the eco-efficiency frontier of the economy is generated. The results of these multi-objective optimization problems define eco-efficient virtual decision making units (DMUs). The eco-efficiency is obtained as a solution of a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model with virtual DMUs defining the potential and a DMU describing the actual performance of the economy. In this paper the procedure is extended to an intertemporal approach in the spirit of the Luenberger Productivity indicator. This indicator permits decomposing eco-Productivity Change into eco-efficiency Change and eco-technical Change. The indicator is then further decompounded in a way that enables us to examine the contributions of individual production factors, undesirable as well as desirable outputs to eco-Productivity Change over time. For illustration purposes the proposed model is applied to investigate eco-Productivity growth of the Austrian economy.
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Efficiency Progress and Productivity Change in Germany Insurance Industry
2000Co-Authors: Bernhard MahlbergAbstract:The purpose of this study is to measure Changes in efficiency and Productivity over time in the German insurance industry. These are important impacts of the liberalization and opening of the German insurance market. With the aid of the Data Envelopment Analysis an efficiency frontier has been constructed which is used as a yardstick of productive efficiency. The efficiency and Productivity Change is measured by the Malmquist Productivity Index. As a result, the Productivity has risen (around 12 percent) during the examined period. There has been a slight decline in efficiency and a moderate technical progress.
