The Experts below are selected from a list of 240 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
S. Dutta Gupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Direct somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from seedling leaves of winged bean,Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.
Plant cell reports, 1997Co-Authors: S. Dutta Gupta, Rina AhmedAbstract:Excised seedling leaf segments of winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.] underwent direct somatic embryogenesis under appropriate incubation conditions. Initiation and development of the somatic embryos occurred using a two-step culture method. The culture procedure involved incubation for 28 days on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1-0.5 mg/l NAA and 1.0-2.0 mg/l BA (induction medium) before transfer to MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IAA and 2.0 mg/l BA (embryo development medium). The initial exposure to low levels of NAA coincident with high levels of BA in the induction medium was essential for embryogenic induction. Maximum embryogenesis (43.3%) was obtained with 0.2 mg/l NAA and 2.0 mg/l BA, and at least 14 days on induction medium were required prior to transfer to the embryo development medium. The conversion frequency of cotyledonary embryos was 53.3% upon culture on MS medium containing 0.1 mg/l ABA for 7 days followed by transfer to MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IBA and 0.2 mg/l BA. Following conversion, the regenerated plantlets were transferred to soil and showed normal morphological characteristics.
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Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf derived callus of winged bean [ Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.]
Plant cell reports, 1996Co-Authors: Rina Ahmed, S. Dutta GuptaAbstract:Somatic embryos were obtained from callus cultures derived from leaf explants of the winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. Initiation and development of the somatic embryos occurred with a two-step culture method. Callus cultures initiated on MS medium with NAA and BAP, upon transfer to a new medium with IAA and BAP, produced somatic embryos. Maximum embryogenesis of 60% was obtained on induction medium with 0.5 mg/l NAA plus 1.0 mg/l BAP followed by transfer to a secondary medium with 0.1 mg/l IAA and 2.0 mg/l BAP. Optimal embryo germination and plantlet development was achieved on MS medium with 0.2 mg/l BAP plus 0.1 mg/l IBA. The regenerated plants were successfully transferred to glasshouse conditions.
Rina Ahmed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Direct somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from seedling leaves of winged bean,Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.
Plant cell reports, 1997Co-Authors: S. Dutta Gupta, Rina AhmedAbstract:Excised seedling leaf segments of winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.] underwent direct somatic embryogenesis under appropriate incubation conditions. Initiation and development of the somatic embryos occurred using a two-step culture method. The culture procedure involved incubation for 28 days on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1-0.5 mg/l NAA and 1.0-2.0 mg/l BA (induction medium) before transfer to MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IAA and 2.0 mg/l BA (embryo development medium). The initial exposure to low levels of NAA coincident with high levels of BA in the induction medium was essential for embryogenic induction. Maximum embryogenesis (43.3%) was obtained with 0.2 mg/l NAA and 2.0 mg/l BA, and at least 14 days on induction medium were required prior to transfer to the embryo development medium. The conversion frequency of cotyledonary embryos was 53.3% upon culture on MS medium containing 0.1 mg/l ABA for 7 days followed by transfer to MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IBA and 0.2 mg/l BA. Following conversion, the regenerated plantlets were transferred to soil and showed normal morphological characteristics.
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Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf derived callus of winged bean [ Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.]
Plant cell reports, 1996Co-Authors: Rina Ahmed, S. Dutta GuptaAbstract:Somatic embryos were obtained from callus cultures derived from leaf explants of the winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. Initiation and development of the somatic embryos occurred with a two-step culture method. Callus cultures initiated on MS medium with NAA and BAP, upon transfer to a new medium with IAA and BAP, produced somatic embryos. Maximum embryogenesis of 60% was obtained on induction medium with 0.5 mg/l NAA plus 1.0 mg/l BAP followed by transfer to a secondary medium with 0.1 mg/l IAA and 2.0 mg/l BAP. Optimal embryo germination and plantlet development was achieved on MS medium with 0.2 mg/l BAP plus 0.1 mg/l IBA. The regenerated plants were successfully transferred to glasshouse conditions.
S. Suryani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fungicidal effect and oral acute toxicity of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus root extract
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Z. Zuraini, Yoga L Latha, S. SuryaniAbstract:AbstractThe methanol extract of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus. (L.) DC (Leguminosae) root was screened for antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans. (Berkhout). The extract showed a favorable antimicrobial activity against C. albicans. with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 3.13 mg/mL. Apart from the fungicidal effects, imaging using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done to determine the major alterations in the microstructure of C. albicans.. The main abnormalities noted via SEM studies were the alterations in morphology and complete collapse of the yeast cells after 36 h of exposure to the extract. The effect of the extract on the growth profile of the yeast was also examined. It changed the normal growth profile of C. albicans., thus confirming the fungicidal effect of the extract on C. albicans.. In an acute toxicity study using rats, death was not observed, so the acute minimum fatal dose of the extract was greater than 2000 mg/kg, and we found no pathologic changes in macr...
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Antimicrobial activities of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC extracts.
Foodborne pathogens and disease, 2008Co-Authors: Sreenivasan Sasidharan, L. Yoga Latha, Z. Zuraini, S. Sangetha, S. SuryaniAbstract:Consecutive chloroform, ethanol, and ethyl acetate partitions of extracts from winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] root, stem, leaf, and pod extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against 19 microbial species, including 11 bacterial pathogens, four yeasts, and four molds using the disk diffusion assay technique. The pod extract was found to be most effective against all of the tested organisms, followed by the stem, root, and leaf extracts, and the ethanol fraction showed the most significant (p < 0.05) antimicrobial activity against all of the tests among three soluble fractions of extract, followed by the ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of extracts determined by the broth dilution method ranged from 1.25 to 10.0 mg/mL. The MIC of ethanol fraction of pod extracts was the lowest by comparison with the other two extracts. The MIC for fungi was at or below 2.5 mg/mL and for bacteria was at or above 2.5 mg/mL.
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antimicrobial activities and toxicity of crude extract of the Psophocarpus tetragonolobus pods
African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 2007Co-Authors: Lachimanan Yoga Latha, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Z. Zuraini, S. Suryani, L Shirley, S. Sangetha, M DavaselviAbstract:The extract of the Psophocarpus tetragonolobus pods has been tested for antimicrobial activity in a disk diffusion assay on eight human pathogenic bacteria and two human pathogenic yeasts. The extracts of P. tetragonolobus possessed antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. The ethanolic extract of P. tetragonolobus pods was further tested for in vivo brine shrimp lethality test and in vitro sheep erythrocyte cytotoxic assay. The brine shrimp lethality test exhibited no significant toxicity (LC50=1.88 mg/ml) against Artemia salina , whereas sheep erythrocyte test showed significant toxicity. The reason for haemolysis of erythrocyte was discussed. The P. tetragonolobus extract with high LC50 value signified that this plant is not toxic to human. This result also suggested that the ethanolic extract of P. tetragonolobus pods is potential source for novel antimicrobial compounds. Keywords : Antimicrobal activities; Artemia salina ; cytotoxicity assay; P. tetragonolobus The African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines Vol. 4 (1) 2007: pp. 59-63
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Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus.
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2007Co-Authors: L. Yoga Latha, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Z. Zuraini, S. Suryani, L Shirley, S. SangethaAbstract:AbstractA methanol extract of the Psophocarpus tetragonolobus. (L.) DC (Leguminosae) leaves was screened for antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. Antimicrobial tests were carried out using the disk diffusion assay and broth dilution method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. The extract showed favorable antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 2.55 mg/mL. Apart from the antibacterial effects, imaging using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done to determine the major alterations in the microstructure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. The main abnormalities noted via SEM studies were alterations in morphology and complete collapse of the bacterial cells after 36 h of exposure to the extract. The effect of the extract on the growth profile of the bacteria was also examined. The extract changed the normal growth profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa., thus confirming the bactericidal effect of the extract on Pseudomonas aerug...
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Antimicrobial Activities and Toxicity of Crude Extract of the Psophocarpus tetragonolobus Pods
African journal of traditional complementary and alternative medicines : AJTCAM, 2006Co-Authors: Lachimanan Yoga Latha, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Z. Zuraini, S. Suryani, L Shirley, S. Sangetha, M DavaselviAbstract:The extract of the Psophocarpus tetragonolobus pods has been tested for antimicrobial activity in a disk diffusion assay on eight human pathogenic bacteria and two human pathogenic yeasts. The extracts of P. tetragonolobus possessed antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. The ethanolic extract of P. tetragonolobus pods was further tested for in vivo brine shrimp lethality test and in vitro sheep erythrocyte cytotoxic assay. The brine shrimp lethality test exhibited no significant toxicity (LC(50)=1.88 mg/ml) against Artemia salina, whereas sheep erythrocyte test showed significant toxicity. The reason for haemolysis of erythrocyte was discussed. The P. tetragonolobus extract with high LC(50) value signified that this plant is not toxic to human. This result also suggested that the ethanolic extract of P. tetragonolobus pods is potential source for novel antimicrobial compounds.
Avadhesha Surolia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Localized agglutinin staining in muscle capillaries from normal and very old atrophic human muscle using winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) lectin
Histochemistry and cell biology, 1997Co-Authors: Svend Kirkeby, Netai C. Singha, Avadhesha SuroliaAbstract:The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) agglutinin (total lectin) and its basic (WBA I) and acidic isoform (WBA II) were used to analyze capillaries in sections from human muscle. The microvessels were clearly labeled after incubation with the lectins in both normal muscle and in old muscles with age-related type II atrophy or muscle fiber grouping. Muscle fibers, nerves, and connective tissue remained unstained. The total lectin detected muscle capillaries from all blood group AB0 individuals. The isoform WBA I reacted only with blood vessels in blood group A and B individuals, while the blood vessels in blood group 0 individuals were demonstrated with WBA II. WBA I staining was inhibited by p-nitrophenyl α-galactopyranoside and N-acetylgalactosamine, whereas 2′-fucosyllactose and preincubation with an antibody against type-1 chain H abolished capillary staining with WBA II. The study demonstrates the usefulness of WBA as a marker of capillaries in human muscle.
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Crystallization and Preliminary X-ray Studies of the Basic Lectin from Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
Journal of molecular biology, 1993Co-Authors: R. Sankaranarayan, Avadhesha Surolia, Kamal D. Puri, V. Ganesh, Rahul Banerjee, Mamannamana VijayanAbstract:The basic lectin from winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) could be crystallized using polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 4000 (I), PEG 8000 (II) and 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol (MPD) (III) as precipitants. Crystal forms I and II grew in the presence of methyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside or N-acetylgalactosamine while III grew in the absence of sugar. The three forms have the same space group (P2(1)2(1)2) and similar unit cell dimensions with two dimeric molecules in the asymmetric unit. The unit cell dimensions are a = 156.8 A, b = 89.0 A, c = 73.3 A for I, a = 155.5 A, b = 92.3 A, c = 72.5 A for II and a = 148.3 A, b = 90.7 A, c = 73.8 A for III. The crystals, particularly those grown using PEG 8000, are suitable for high resolution X-ray analysis, which is in progress.
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crystallization and preliminary x ray studies of the basic lectin from winged bean Psophocarpus tetragonolobus
Journal of Molecular Biology, 1993Co-Authors: R. Sankaranarayan, Avadhesha Surolia, Kamal D. Puri, V. Ganesh, Rahul Banerjee, Mamannamana VijayanAbstract:The basic lectin from winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) could be crystallized using polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 4000 (I), PEG 8000 (II) and 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol (MPD) (III) as precipitants. Crystal forms I and II grew in the presence of methyl-α-Image -galactopyranoside or N -acetylgalactosamine while III grew in the absence of sugar. The three forms have the same space group (P21212) and similar unit cell dimensions with two dimeric molecules in the asymmetric unit. The unit cell dimensions are a = 156·8 A, b = 89·0 A, c = 73·3 A for I, a = 155·5 A, b = 92·3 A, c = 72·5 A for II and a = 148·3 A, b = 90·7 A, c = 73·8 A for III. The crystals, particularly those grown using PEG 8000, are suitable for high resolution X-ray analysis, which is in progress.
Ashley N. Egan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Review on Current Status and Future Prospects of Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) in Tropical Agriculture
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 2017Co-Authors: Patrush Lepcha, Jeff J. Doyle, Ashley N. Egan, N. SathyanarayanaAbstract:Winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC., is analogous to soybean in yield and nutritional quality, proving a valuable alternative to soybean in tropical regions of the world. The presence of anti-nutritional factors and high costs associated with indeterminate plant habit have been major concerns in this crop. But occurrence of good genetic variability in germplasm collections offers precious resources for winged bean breeding. However, lack of germplasm characterization is hindering such efforts. From a genomic standpoint, winged bean has been little studied despite rapid advancement in legume genomics in the last decade. Exploiting modern genomics/breeding approaches for genetic resource characterization and the breeding of early maturing, high yielding, determinate varieties which are disease resistant and free of anti-nutritional factors along with developing consumer friendly value-added products of local significance are great challenges and opportunities in the future that would boost cultivation of winged bean in the tropics. We review past efforts and future prospects towards winged bean improvement.
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Transcriptome sequencing and marker development in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus; Leguminosae).
Scientific reports, 2016Co-Authors: Mohammad Vatanparast, Prateek Shetty, Ratan Chopra, Jeff J. Doyle, N. Sathyanarayana, Ashley N. EganAbstract:Winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC., is similar to soybean in yield and nutritional value but more viable in tropical conditions. Here, we strengthen genetic resources for this orphan crop by producing a de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation of two Sri Lankan accessions (denoted herein as CPP34 [PI 491423] and CPP37 [PI 639033]), developing simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between geographically separated genotypes. A combined assembly based on 804,757 reads from two accessions produced 16,115 contigs with an N50 of 889 bp, over 90% of which has significant sequence similarity to other legumes. Combining contigs with singletons produced 97,241 transcripts. We identified 12,956 SSRs, including 2,594 repeats for which primers were designed and 5,190 high-confidence SNPs between Sri Lankan and Nigerian genotypes. The transcriptomic data sets generated here provide new resources for gene discovery and marker development in this orphan crop, and will be vital for future plant breeding efforts. We also analyzed the soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) gene family, important plant defense genes, in the context of related legumes and found evidence for radiation of the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) gene family within winged bean.
