The Experts below are selected from a list of 1809 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Liisa Keltikangas-järvinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Adulthood temperament and educational attainment: A population-based cohort study
Learning and Instruction, 2015Co-Authors: Sari Mullola, Mirka Hintsanen, Marko Elovainio, Laura Pulkki-råback, Jari Lipsanen, Kim Josefsson, Terho Lehtimäki, Olli T. Raitakari, Liisa Keltikangas-järvinenAbstract:The aim of the study was to examine the associations of temperament traits and temperament profiles (i.e., the combinations of multiple traits) with adulthood educational attainment. The participants were 837 women and 592 men from a population-based cohort study. Temperament was assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) based on the Psychobiological Model of Temperament and Character. Analyses were conducted with linear regression analyses and with analysis of variance (ANOVA). In both genders, high harm avoidance was associated with lower educational attainment. High persistence among women and high reward dependence among men were related to higher educational attainment. Novelty seeking was not associated with educational attainment in either gender. Among men explosive and methodical temperament profiles were associated with lower educational attainment while reliable and passionate temperament profiles were associated with higher educational attainment. Temperament may play an important role in lifelong learning and academic performance over different developmental transitions.
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Associations between dimensional personality measures and preclinical atherosclerosis: the cardiovascular risk in Young Finns study.
Journal of psychosomatic research, 2012Co-Authors: Tom Rosenström, Mirka Hintsanen, Olli T. Raitakari, Markus Jokela, Claude Robert Cloninger, Markus Juonala, Jorma Viikari, Liisa Keltikangas-järvinenAbstract:article Objective: To assess how multidimensional personality-trait theories, such as the Psychobiological Model of Temperament and Character, and the Five-factor Model of Personality, are associated with subclinical athero- sclerosis as indicated by carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). The analysis was designed to tolerate non- linear development in which the same personality profiles can have multiple final outcomes and different an- tecedent profiles can have the same final outcome. Methods: 605 men and 844 women (average age 31.6 year, s.d.=5.0, range=24-39) provided data on IMT and traits of the Psychobiological Model, 725 men and 1011 women were assessed for IMT and the five- factor Model (age 37.7 year, s.d.=5.0, range=30-45). Robust multidimensional Hotelling' sT 2 statistic was
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Temperament and depressive symptoms: a population-based longitudinal study on Cloninger's Psychobiological temperament Model.
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2004Co-Authors: Marko Elovainio, Mika Kivimäki, Sampsa Puttonen, Tarja Heponiemi, Laura Pulkki, Liisa Keltikangas-järvinenAbstract:Abstract Background This study examined whether temperament dimensions, as indicated by Cloninger's Psychobiological Model [Cloninger, C.R., Svrakic, D.M., Przybeck, T.R., 1993. A Psychobiological Model of temperament and character. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50, 975–990.], predicted depressive symptoms across a 4-year follow-up. Methods Nine hundred ninety-three women and 583 men from the on-going population-based study of “Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns” completed the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) [Cloninger, C.R., Svrakic, D.M., Przybeck, T.R., 1993. A Psychobiological Model of temperament and character. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50, 975–990.], a revised version of Beck's Depression Inventory [Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., 1987. Manual for the Revised Beck Depression Inventory. Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX; Katainen, S., Raikkonen, K., Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L., 1999. Adolescent temperament, perceived social support and depressive tendencies as predictors of depressive tendencies in young adulthood. Eur. J. Pers. 13, 183–207] and the Perceived Social Support Scale-R [Blumenthal, J.A., Burg, M.M., Barefoot, J., Williams, R.B., Haney, T., Zimet, G., 1987. Social support, type A behavior, and coronary artery disease. Psychosom. Med. 49, 331–340]. Results Results of hierarchical linear regression Models showed that the temperament subscales impulsiveness, shyness with strangers, fatigability, sentimentality, and persistence increased the risk of depressive symptoms independently of a wide variety of known risk factors for depression. The association between fatigability and depressive symptoms was stronger for participants with low social support than for those reporting high social support. Limitations The sample was restricted to men and women aged 20–35 at baseline and no clinically significant cut-point for depression was defined. Conclusions Our results strengthen the view that depressive symptoms are independently influenced by temperamental dispositions.
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Temperament and depressive symptoms: a population-based longitudinal study on Cloninger's Psychobiological temperament Model.
Journal of affective disorders, 2004Co-Authors: Marko Elovainio, Mika Kivimäki, Sampsa Puttonen, Tarja Heponiemi, Laura Pulkki, Liisa Keltikangas-järvinenAbstract:This study examined whether temperament dimensions, as indicated by Cloninger's Psychobiological Model [Cloninger, C.R., Svrakic, D.M., Przybeck, T.R., 1993. A Psychobiological Model of temperament and character. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50, 975-990.], predicted depressive symptoms across a 4-year follow-up. Nine hundred ninety-three women and 583 men from the on-going population-based study of "Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns" completed the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) [Cloninger, C.R., Svrakic, D.M., Przybeck, T.R., 1993. A Psychobiological Model of temperament and character. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 50, 975-990.], a revised version of Beck's Depression Inventory [Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., 1987. Manual for the Revised Beck Depression Inventory. Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX; Katainen, S., Raikkonen, K., Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L., 1999. Adolescent temperament, perceived social support and depressive tendencies as predictors of depressive tendencies in young adulthood. Eur. J. Pers. 13, 183-207] and the Perceived Social Support Scale-R [Blumenthal, J.A., Burg, M.M., Barefoot, J., Williams, R.B., Haney, T., Zimet, G., 1987. Social support, type A behavior, and coronary artery disease. Psychosom. Med. 49, 331-340]. Results of hierarchical linear regression Models showed that the temperament subscales impulsiveness, shyness with strangers, fatigability, sentimentality, and persistence increased the risk of depressive symptoms independently of a wide variety of known risk factors for depression. The association between fatigability and depressive symptoms was stronger for participants with low social support than for those reporting high social support. The sample was restricted to men and women aged 20-35 at baseline and no clinically significant cut-point for depression was defined. Our results strengthen the view that depressive symptoms are independently influenced by temperamental dispositions.
Harald J Freyberger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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temperament and character in patients with borderline personality disorder taking gender and comorbidity into account
Psychopathology, 2007Co-Authors: Sven Barnow, Sabine C Herpertz, Carsten Spitzer, Malte Stopsack, Ulrich W Preuss, Hans J Grabe, Christoph Kessler, Harald J FreybergerAbstract:This study examined correlations of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms with scales from Cloninger’s Psychobiological Model taking gender and psychiatric comorbidity into consideration. Inp
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Temperament and Character in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder Taking Gender and Comorbidity into Account
Psychopathology, 2007Co-Authors: Sven Barnow, Sabine C Herpertz, Carsten Spitzer, Malte Stopsack, Ulrich W Preuss, Hans J Grabe, Christoph Kessler, Harald J FreybergerAbstract:This study examined correlations of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms with scales from Cloninger's Psychobiological Model taking gender and psychiatric comorbidity into consideration. Inpatients with BPD (n = 202) were compared to several control groups including psychiatrically healthy persons (n = 327), subjects with affective disorders (n = 46), alcohol use disorders (n = 47), cluster C personality disorders (n = 23) and antisocial personality disorder (n = 25). The results indicate that only males with BPD presented an 'explosive' temperament suggested by Cloninger, with simultaneously high levels of novelty seeking and harm avoidance. In contrast, women with BPD were characterized by high levels of harm avoidance, but not novelty seeking. Regarding temperament and character dimensions our analyses suggest that patients with BPD could be characterized, in particular, by a combination of high harm avoidance and very low self-directedness. The specific temperament configuration of BPD postulated by Cloninger's Psychobiological Model could only partially be supported. The results provide support for the importance of controlling for gender effects when investigating the applicability of dimensional Models with respect to personality disorders.
Kenneth S. Walters - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Social Anxiety and Peer Relations Among Adolescents: Testing a Psychobiological Model
Journal of anxiety disorders, 1998Co-Authors: Kenneth S. Walters, Heidi M. InderbitzenAbstract:This study tested hypotheses derived from Trower and Gilbert's (1989) Model of social anxiety. Participants were 1,179 students (594 males and 585 females) in grades 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11. Participants completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents and a sociometric nomination task. Nominations from the following behavioral descriptors: most cooperative, class leader, fights the most, and easiest to push around, were used to classify students into four peer nomination groups (i.e., cooperative, friendly dominant, hostile dominant, and submissive). Results indicated that students classified as submissive reported greater social anxiety than those classified as cooperative, friendly dominant, and hostile dominant. Implications of these results for further study of the Trower and Gilbert (1989) Model of social anxiety are discussed.
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Analysis of social behavior in individuals with social phobia and nonanxious participants using a Psychobiological Model
Behavior Therapy, 1998Co-Authors: Kenneth S. Walters, Deborah A. HopeAbstract:This study sought to test hypotheses derived from Trower and Gilbert's (1989) Psychobiological/ethological Model of social anxiety. This Model purports that social anxiety should be characterized by less social cooperation and dominance and greater submission and escape/avoidance. Individuals with social phobia and non-anxious participants completed a structured social interaction. Behavioral measures related to cooperativeness, dominance, submissiveness, and escape/avoidance were coded by independent observers. Those with social phobia exhibited fewer behaviors of social cooperativeness and dominance than did nonanxious participants. The groups did not differ with regard to submissive and escape/avoidance behaviors. Two dominance behaviors correlated with a self-report measure of social anxiety. Implications for the Trower and Gilbert Model and for social anxiety theory and treatment are discussed.
D H Barlow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR SOCIAL PHOBIA
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 1991Co-Authors: Richard G. Heimberg, D H BarlowAbstract:Significant advances in cognitive-behavioral therapy for social phobia have occurred during the past 5 years. A new Psychobiological Model of social anxiety is described, and recent controlled clinical trials are reviewed. An effective cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy for social phobia developed in the authors' setting is described with case studies. Finally, future directions in cognitive-behavioral approaches to therapy for social anxiety, including clinical trials of interactive approaches that combine drug therapy with behavioral therapy and of intensive treatment of patients with avoidant personality disorder, are described briefly.
Deborah A. Hope - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of social behavior in individuals with social phobia and nonanxious participants using a Psychobiological Model
Behavior Therapy, 1998Co-Authors: Kenneth S. Walters, Deborah A. HopeAbstract:This study sought to test hypotheses derived from Trower and Gilbert's (1989) Psychobiological/ethological Model of social anxiety. This Model purports that social anxiety should be characterized by less social cooperation and dominance and greater submission and escape/avoidance. Individuals with social phobia and non-anxious participants completed a structured social interaction. Behavioral measures related to cooperativeness, dominance, submissiveness, and escape/avoidance were coded by independent observers. Those with social phobia exhibited fewer behaviors of social cooperativeness and dominance than did nonanxious participants. The groups did not differ with regard to submissive and escape/avoidance behaviors. Two dominance behaviors correlated with a self-report measure of social anxiety. Implications for the Trower and Gilbert Model and for social anxiety theory and treatment are discussed.
