The Experts below are selected from a list of 138 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kiley Schaffer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Supplementation with dietary fiber improves fecal incontinence.
Nursing research, 2001Co-Authors: Donna Z. Bliss, Hans-joachim G. Jung, Kay Savik, Ann C. Lowry, Melissa Lemoine, Linda L. Jensen, Christian Werner, Kiley SchafferAbstract:BACKGROUND Human studies have shown that dietary fiber affects stool composition and consistency. Because fecal incontinence has been shown to be exacerbated by liquid stools or diarrhea, management strategies that make stool consistency less loose or liquid may be useful. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of a fiber supplement containing Psyllium, Gum arabic, or a placebo in community-living adults who were incontinent of loose or liquid stools. Mechanisms underlying these effects (e.g., fermentation of the fibers and water-holding capacity of stools) were examined. METHODS Thirty-nine persons with fecal incontinence of loose or liquid stools prospectively recorded diet intake and stool characteristics and collected their stools for 8 days prior to and at the end of a 31-day fiber supplementation period. During the fiber supplementation period, they ingested Psyllium, Gum arabic, or a placebo by random assignment. RESULTS In the baseline period, the groups were comparable on all variables measured. In the fiber supplementation period, (a) the proportion of incontinent stools of the groups ingesting the fiber supplements was less than half that of the group ingesting the placebo, (b) the placebo group had the greatest percentage of stools that were loose/unformed or liquid, and (c) the Psyllium group had the highest water-holding capacity of water-insoluble solids and total water-holding capacity. The supplements of dietary fiber appeared to be completely fermented by the subjects as indicated by nonsignificant differences in total fiber, short chain fatty acids and pH in stools among the groups in the baseline or fiber supplementation periods. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with dietary fiber from Psyllium or Gum arabic was associated with a decrease in the percentage of incontinent stools and an improvement of stool consistency. Improvements in fecal incontinence or stool consistency did not appear to be related to unfermented dietary fiber.
Manuel Gomez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psyllium: a useful functional ingredient in food systems.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2020Co-Authors: Mayara Belorio, Manuel GomezAbstract:Psyllium Gum is a hydrocolloid found in the husk of seeds from Plantago ovata. Psyllium husk has been used in traditional medicine in areas of India and China. Its consumption has been shown to provide nutritional benefits, such as the capacity to reduce the glycaemic index, to minimize the risk of cardiovascular diseases, to decrease cholesterol and constipation problems and others. Thus, interest in the incorporation of Psyllium in food products is twofold. First, it can be a natural alternative to the use of other Gums and hydrocolloids considered additives. Second, it can be used to improve the nutritional properties of products in which it is incorporated. However, for this purpose, it is necessary to add great quantities of Psyllium. This review analyses the potential use of Psyllium in distinct food products, considering its advantages and inconveniences as well as possible solutions for undesired effects. Among the analyzed products there are bakery products and, in particular, gluten-free breads where Psyllium has been used as a gluten substitute. The incorporation of Psyllium into dairy products such as yogurts and those derived from fruits, among others, is also addressed.
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Psyllium: a useful functional ingredient in food systems.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2020Co-Authors: Mayara Belorio, Manuel GomezAbstract:Psyllium Gum is a hydrocolloid found in the husk of seeds from Plantago ovata. Psyllium husk has been used in traditional medicine in areas of India and China. Its consumption has been shown to pro...
Donna Z. Bliss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Supplementation with dietary fiber improves fecal incontinence.
Nursing research, 2001Co-Authors: Donna Z. Bliss, Hans-joachim G. Jung, Kay Savik, Ann C. Lowry, Melissa Lemoine, Linda L. Jensen, Christian Werner, Kiley SchafferAbstract:BACKGROUND Human studies have shown that dietary fiber affects stool composition and consistency. Because fecal incontinence has been shown to be exacerbated by liquid stools or diarrhea, management strategies that make stool consistency less loose or liquid may be useful. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of a fiber supplement containing Psyllium, Gum arabic, or a placebo in community-living adults who were incontinent of loose or liquid stools. Mechanisms underlying these effects (e.g., fermentation of the fibers and water-holding capacity of stools) were examined. METHODS Thirty-nine persons with fecal incontinence of loose or liquid stools prospectively recorded diet intake and stool characteristics and collected their stools for 8 days prior to and at the end of a 31-day fiber supplementation period. During the fiber supplementation period, they ingested Psyllium, Gum arabic, or a placebo by random assignment. RESULTS In the baseline period, the groups were comparable on all variables measured. In the fiber supplementation period, (a) the proportion of incontinent stools of the groups ingesting the fiber supplements was less than half that of the group ingesting the placebo, (b) the placebo group had the greatest percentage of stools that were loose/unformed or liquid, and (c) the Psyllium group had the highest water-holding capacity of water-insoluble solids and total water-holding capacity. The supplements of dietary fiber appeared to be completely fermented by the subjects as indicated by nonsignificant differences in total fiber, short chain fatty acids and pH in stools among the groups in the baseline or fiber supplementation periods. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with dietary fiber from Psyllium or Gum arabic was associated with a decrease in the percentage of incontinent stools and an improvement of stool consistency. Improvements in fecal incontinence or stool consistency did not appear to be related to unfermented dietary fiber.
Mayara Belorio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Psyllium: a useful functional ingredient in food systems.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2020Co-Authors: Mayara Belorio, Manuel GomezAbstract:Psyllium Gum is a hydrocolloid found in the husk of seeds from Plantago ovata. Psyllium husk has been used in traditional medicine in areas of India and China. Its consumption has been shown to provide nutritional benefits, such as the capacity to reduce the glycaemic index, to minimize the risk of cardiovascular diseases, to decrease cholesterol and constipation problems and others. Thus, interest in the incorporation of Psyllium in food products is twofold. First, it can be a natural alternative to the use of other Gums and hydrocolloids considered additives. Second, it can be used to improve the nutritional properties of products in which it is incorporated. However, for this purpose, it is necessary to add great quantities of Psyllium. This review analyses the potential use of Psyllium in distinct food products, considering its advantages and inconveniences as well as possible solutions for undesired effects. Among the analyzed products there are bakery products and, in particular, gluten-free breads where Psyllium has been used as a gluten substitute. The incorporation of Psyllium into dairy products such as yogurts and those derived from fruits, among others, is also addressed.
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Psyllium: a useful functional ingredient in food systems.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2020Co-Authors: Mayara Belorio, Manuel GomezAbstract:Psyllium Gum is a hydrocolloid found in the husk of seeds from Plantago ovata. Psyllium husk has been used in traditional medicine in areas of India and China. Its consumption has been shown to pro...
Steve W. Cui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Formulation optimization of Psyllium-based binding product by response surface methodology.
Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, 2010Co-Authors: Qian Guo, Mike Riehm, Cheryl Defelice, Steve W. CuiAbstract:Psyllium traditionally is used as a laxative agent and a source of dietary fiber. Recently, in the landscape industry, a Psyllium-based binding product was innovatively used to replace chemical binders for pavement in environmentally sensitive areas. The ingredients of the Psyllium-based binding product were determined through preliminary experiments by investigating the gelling properties of Psyllium husk. Two features of gelation, the elastic modulus Gand critical strain S were investigated simultaneously by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with respect to three factors: Psyllium Gum concentration, calcium ion concentration, and pH. Psyllium concentration was found as the major factor affecting the elastic modulus Gwhereas both Psyllium and calcium ion concentration affected the critical strain S. Contour plots and a constrained optimization approach were applied to obtain the optimum level of Psyllium in the binding product. The optimum formulation was found as Psyllium 1.22% (w/w) and Ca 2+ 1.235 mol/L at pH 7.27. In industrial application, lime was used as calcium ion source and soda ash to adjust pH. The breaking force of a three-point bend test for the sand samples was investigated as an indicator for the binding property by RSM, which represents the application of this product in the field. The optimum formula for a Psyllium-based binding product was obtained with 1.82% (w/w) Psyllium, 1.05% (w/w) lime, and 0.55% (w/w) soda ash. The improved formula demonstrated great feasibility and could bring significant economic benefit for the industry. This study also demonstrated that response surface methodology is a useful tool for the optimization of the Psyllium-based binding product.
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fractionation and physicochemical characterization of Psyllium Gum
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2008Co-Authors: Qia Guo, Steve W. Cui, Q Wang, Christophe J YoungAbstract:Abstract Psyllium Gum has been used in the landscape industry as an environmental friendly natural binder. This research is focused on the basic chemical and some physical properties of Psyllium Gum. Psyllium husk was extracted with hot water (80 °C), and with 0.5 M NaOH, 1.2 M NaOH and 2.0 M NaOH solutions (at room temperature), respectively, to produce a series of Psyllium Gum fractions labeled as water extractable (WE), 0.5 M alkali extractable (AES 0.5 ), 1.2 M alkali extractable (AES 1.2 ), and 2.0 M alkali extractable (AES 2.0 ). The alkaline extracted solutions were neutralized, during which, a gel-like precipitate was observed in the 0.5 M NaOH extracted solution, which was then separated by centrifugation to give a soluble fraction (AES 0.5 ) and a gel fraction (AEG 0.5 ). The yields of fractions WE, AES 0.5 and AEG 0.5 were 18.6%, 8.7%, and 61.4%, respectively, based on the dry weight of husk. The combined yields from the 1.2 and 2.0 M NaOH extracted fractions were less than 1.5%. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that WE, AES and AEG contained mainly xylose and arabinose. Substantial amounts (∼15%) of uronic acids were found in the WE and AES 0.5 fractions compared to AEG 0.5 , which only contains neutral sugars. Methylation analysis proved that WE and AEG 0.5 basically contain 1 → 4) and 1 → 3) linked β- d -xylopyranosyl residues in the main chain. The side chains are primarily composed of terminal arabinose and xylose connected to the main chain by O -3 and/ or O -2 linkage. In contrast, the backbone chain of AES 0.5 fraction was mainly composed of 1 → 4 linked β- d -xylopyranosyl residues and the side chains only contained arabinosyl residues where were linked only through the O -3 position of the 1 → 4 linked β- d -xylopyranosyl residues. Further study was carried out to evaluate the particle size of the molecules in solutions by dynamic light scattering (DLS). It was found that these fractions were very soluble in 1 M NaOH solutions, and the fraction AES 0.5 and AEG 0.5 were stable in such alkaline conditions, but slight degradation occurred for WE with time. Fraction WE also dissolved well in water, however, aggregation formed over storage. The apparent hydrodynamic diameters ( d h ) determined by DSL were over 100 nm for all three fractions. Theses Gums are of high molecular weight and can be expected to be good viscosity enhancers. The current study provided new structural information on Psyllium Gum, which will be helpful for explaining its unique functional properties.