The Experts below are selected from a list of 234 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Geoffrey D Borman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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halting the summer achievement slide a Randomized Field Trial of the kindergarten summer camp
Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (jespar), 2009Co-Authors: Geoffrey D Borman, Michael E Goetz, Maritza N DowlingAbstract:In this Randomized Field Trial of KindergARTen Camp, a 6-week summer enrichment program in literacy and the fine arts, we analyzed the summer learning outcomes of 93 treatment and 35 control students from high-poverty schools in Baltimore, Maryland. This experiment offers evidence concerning the causal effect of the program on 5 measures of students' literacy achievement. We found treatment effects during the summer months that were of both practical and statistical significance on the Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) and the Word List A assessments. In addition, results from surveys of KindergARTen Camp students, parents, and teachers revealed strong satisfaction with the program. We conclude by discussing the contextual factors that may have contributed to these results.
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a Randomized Field Trial of the fast forword language computer based training program
Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Geoffrey D Borman, James Benson, Laura T OvermanAbstract:This article describes an independent assessment of the Fast ForWord Language computer-based training program developed by Scientific Learning Corporation. Previous laboratory research involving children with language-based learning impairments showed strong effects on their abilities to recognize brief and fast sequences of nonspeech and speech stimuli, but generalization of these effects beyond clinical settings and student populations and to broader literacy measures remains unclear. Implementing a Randomized Field Trial in eight urban schools, we generated impact estimates from separate intent-to-treat and treatment-on-the-treated analyses of the literacy outcomes of second- and seventh-grade students who were more generally at risk for poor reading and language outcomes. There were some problems of implementation in the Field setting, and the Fast ForWord Language program did not, in general, help students in these eight schools improve their language and reading comprehension test scores.
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final reading outcomes of the national Randomized Field Trial of success for all
American Educational Research Journal, 2007Co-Authors: Geoffrey D Borman, Robert E Slavin, Alan C K Cheung, Anne Chamberlain, Nancy A Madden, Bette ChambersAbstract:Using a cluster randomization design, schools were randomly assigned to implement Success for All, a comprehensive reading reform model, or control methods. This article reports final literacy outcomes for a 3-year longitudinal sample of children who participated in the treatment or control condition from kindergarten through second grade and a combined longitudinal and in-mover student sample, both of which were nested within 35 schools. Hierarchical linear model analyses of all three outcomes for both samples revealed statistically significant school-level effects of treatment assignment as large as one third of a standard deviation. The results correspond with the Success for All program theory, which emphasizes both comprehensive school-level reform and targeted student-level achievement effects through a multi-year sequencing of literacy instruction.
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longitudinal achievement effects of multiyear summer school evidence from the teach baltimore Randomized Field Trial
Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2006Co-Authors: Geoffrey D Borman, Maritza N DowlingAbstract:Employing a Randomized Field Trial, this 3-year study explored the effects of a multiyear summer school program in preventing the cumulative effect of summer learning losses and promoting longitudinal achievement growth, for a total treatment group of 438 students from high-poverty schools. Longitudinal outcomes for the participants were contrasted to those for 248 children Randomized into a no-treatment control condition. Multilevel growth models revealed no intention-to-treat effects of assignment to the multiyear summer school program. However, student attendance patterns at the voluntary program were variable across the 3 years that the intervention was offered. Maximum likelihood mixture models, which estimated the effects of the treatment for compliers, revealed statistically significant effects on learning across all three literacy domains tested for those students who attended the Summer Academy at an above average rate across two or more of the three summers that it was offered. Relative to their...
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the national Randomized Field Trial of success for all second year outcomes
American Educational Research Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Geoffrey D Borman, Robert E Slavin, Alan C K Cheung, Anne Chamberlain, Nancy A Madden, Bette ChambersAbstract:This article reports literacy outcomes for a 2-year longitudinal student sample and a combined longitudinal and “in-mover” (i.e., those students who moved into the study schools between the initial pretest and the second-year posttest) sample, both of which were nested within 38 schools. Through the use of a cluster randomization design, schools were randomly assigned to implement Success for All or control methods. Hierarchical linear model analyses involving the longitudinal sample revealed statistically significant school-level effects of assignment to Success for All on three of the four literacy outcomes measured. Effects were as large as one quarter of a standard deviation—a learning advantage relative to controls exceeding half of a school year. Impacts for the combined longitudinal and in-mover sample were smaller in magnitude and more variable. The results correspond with the Success for All program theory, which targets school-level reform through multiyear sequencing of intensive literacy instr...
Jesse F. Marquette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Adolescent Substance Abuse Prevention Study: A Randomized Field Trial of a universal substance abuse prevention program
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2009Co-Authors: Zili Sloboda, Richard C. Stephens, Brent Teasdale, Scott F. Grey, Joseph Williams, Peggy C. Stephens, Richard D. Hawthorne, Jesse F. MarquetteAbstract:Abstract Objectives The purpose of the study was to determine whether a universal school-based substance abuse prevention program, Take Charge of Your Life (TCYL), prevents or reduces the use of tobacco, alcohol, or marijuana. Methods Eighty-three school clusters (representing school districts) from six metropolitan areas were Randomized to treatment (41) or control (42) conditions. Using active consenting procedures, 19,529 seventh graders were enrolled in the 5-year study. Self-administered surveys were completed by the students annually. Trained Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) police officers presented TCYL in seventh and ninth grades in treatment schools. Analyses were conducted with data from 17,320 students who completed a baseline survey. Intervention outcomes were measured using self-reported past-month and past-year use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana when students were in the 11th grade. Results Main effect analyses show a negative program effect for use of alcohol and cigarettes and no effect for marijuana use. Subgroup analyses indicated that the negative effect occurred among nonusers at baseline, and mostly among white students of both genders. A positive program effect was found for students who used marijuana at baseline. Two complementary papers explore the relationship of the targeted program mediators to the use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana and specifically for students who were substance-free or who used substances at baseline. Conclusions The negative impact of the program on baseline nonusers of alcohol and tobacco indicate that TCYL should not be delivered as a universal prevention intervention. The finding of a beneficial effect for baseline marijuana users further supports this conclusion. The programmatic and methodological challenges faced by the Adolescent Substance Abuse Prevention Study (ASAPS) and lessons learned offer insights for prevention researchers who will be designing similar Randomized Field Trials in the future.
Alex R Piquero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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harmonizing legal socialization to reduce antisocial behavior results from a Randomized Field Trial of truanting young people
Justice Quarterly, 2021Co-Authors: Lorraine Mazerolle, Emma Antrobus, Alex R Piquero, Stephanie M Cardwell, Sarah BennettAbstract:Legal socialization conceptualizes two processes for attaining compliance as either consensus-based or coercive-based. However, in real life, an adolescent’s exposure to police and school authorities is likely to incorporate a blend of both the consensual and coercive systems of compliance. In this article, we examine how harmonizing the way that police and school authorities engage with young people using a consensus-based legal socialization approach might influence a young person’s self-reported antisocial behavior. Drawing data from a Randomized Field Trial of the Ability School Engagement Program in Brisbane, Australia, we find that a young person’s participation in the consensus-based program impacts self-reported antisocial behavior over time indirectly through changes in perceptions of police legitimacy, but not through changes in perceptions of school legitimacy. We conclude that young people are more likely to obey the law when they are exposed to harmonized legal socialization experiences, but it is a young person’s view of police that matters more for compliance with the law than how they view school authorities.
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Disrupting the Pathway from Truancy to Delinquency: A Randomized Field Trial Test of the Longitudinal Impact of a School Engagement Program
Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 2019Co-Authors: Lorraine Mazerolle, Sarah Bennett, Emma Antrobus, Elizabeth Eggins, Stephanie M Cardwell, Alex R PiqueroAbstract:Objective Truancy in adolescence is related to detrimental developmental outcomes over the life-course, including a greater risk for delinquency during adolescence and offending in adulthood. This paper presents results from the Ability School Engagement Program (ASEP): a Third Party Policing partnership between schools and police that sought to disrupt the relationship between truancy and delinquency by communicating, in a procedurally fair dialogue, the legal responsibilities of parents to ensure their children attend school. This paper examines the impact of ASEP on antisocial behavior and the modifying effects of ASEP on the relationship between willingness to go to school and antisocial behavior. Methods ASEP was evaluated under Randomized Field Trial conditions, where 102 truanting young people from a highly disadvantaged urban area in Brisbane, Australia, were randomly assigned to either the ASEP intervention or the business-as-usual condition. Results Utilizing four waves of survey data collected over a 2-year time period, we found evidence that ASEP was related to decreases in self-reported antisocial behavior throughout the 2 years study. We also find that ASEP lessened the negative relationship between willingness to go to school and self-reported antisocial behavior for those in the experimental condition up to 1 year post random allocation. Conclusions Partnerships between schools and police that communicate, in a procedurally fair way, parental legal responsibilities for their children to attend school holds promise for increasing a truanting young person’s willingness to go to school and reducing their self-reported antisocial behaviour, at least in the short run.
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truancy intervention reduces crime results from a Randomized Field Trial
Justice Quarterly, 2018Co-Authors: Sarah Bennett, Lorraine Mazerolle, Emma Antrobus, Elizabeth Eggins, Alex R PiqueroAbstract:Educational attainment is a fundamental cornerstone to success throughout the life-course. As a result, ensuring that young people remain in school and are not truant is critical. Although the importance of truancy as a risk factor for many adverse outcomes, including crime, has been well-documented, much less methodologically rigorous work has been undertaken to evaluate potentially promising prevention and intervention strategies. This paper uses a Randomized Field Trial method to test how a partnership between police and schools targeting truancy impacts offending in a sample of high-risk truanting young people. We find that the truancy intervention reduces offending and we discuss the implications for practice and directions for future research.
Sarah Bennett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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harmonizing legal socialization to reduce antisocial behavior results from a Randomized Field Trial of truanting young people
Justice Quarterly, 2021Co-Authors: Lorraine Mazerolle, Emma Antrobus, Alex R Piquero, Stephanie M Cardwell, Sarah BennettAbstract:Legal socialization conceptualizes two processes for attaining compliance as either consensus-based or coercive-based. However, in real life, an adolescent’s exposure to police and school authorities is likely to incorporate a blend of both the consensual and coercive systems of compliance. In this article, we examine how harmonizing the way that police and school authorities engage with young people using a consensus-based legal socialization approach might influence a young person’s self-reported antisocial behavior. Drawing data from a Randomized Field Trial of the Ability School Engagement Program in Brisbane, Australia, we find that a young person’s participation in the consensus-based program impacts self-reported antisocial behavior over time indirectly through changes in perceptions of police legitimacy, but not through changes in perceptions of school legitimacy. We conclude that young people are more likely to obey the law when they are exposed to harmonized legal socialization experiences, but it is a young person’s view of police that matters more for compliance with the law than how they view school authorities.
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Disrupting the Pathway from Truancy to Delinquency: A Randomized Field Trial Test of the Longitudinal Impact of a School Engagement Program
Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 2019Co-Authors: Lorraine Mazerolle, Sarah Bennett, Emma Antrobus, Elizabeth Eggins, Stephanie M Cardwell, Alex R PiqueroAbstract:Objective Truancy in adolescence is related to detrimental developmental outcomes over the life-course, including a greater risk for delinquency during adolescence and offending in adulthood. This paper presents results from the Ability School Engagement Program (ASEP): a Third Party Policing partnership between schools and police that sought to disrupt the relationship between truancy and delinquency by communicating, in a procedurally fair dialogue, the legal responsibilities of parents to ensure their children attend school. This paper examines the impact of ASEP on antisocial behavior and the modifying effects of ASEP on the relationship between willingness to go to school and antisocial behavior. Methods ASEP was evaluated under Randomized Field Trial conditions, where 102 truanting young people from a highly disadvantaged urban area in Brisbane, Australia, were randomly assigned to either the ASEP intervention or the business-as-usual condition. Results Utilizing four waves of survey data collected over a 2-year time period, we found evidence that ASEP was related to decreases in self-reported antisocial behavior throughout the 2 years study. We also find that ASEP lessened the negative relationship between willingness to go to school and self-reported antisocial behavior for those in the experimental condition up to 1 year post random allocation. Conclusions Partnerships between schools and police that communicate, in a procedurally fair way, parental legal responsibilities for their children to attend school holds promise for increasing a truanting young person’s willingness to go to school and reducing their self-reported antisocial behaviour, at least in the short run.
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truancy intervention reduces crime results from a Randomized Field Trial
Justice Quarterly, 2018Co-Authors: Sarah Bennett, Lorraine Mazerolle, Emma Antrobus, Elizabeth Eggins, Alex R PiqueroAbstract:Educational attainment is a fundamental cornerstone to success throughout the life-course. As a result, ensuring that young people remain in school and are not truant is critical. Although the importance of truancy as a risk factor for many adverse outcomes, including crime, has been well-documented, much less methodologically rigorous work has been undertaken to evaluate potentially promising prevention and intervention strategies. This paper uses a Randomized Field Trial method to test how a partnership between police and schools targeting truancy impacts offending in a sample of high-risk truanting young people. We find that the truancy intervention reduces offending and we discuss the implications for practice and directions for future research.
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shaping citizen perceptions of police legitimacy a Randomized Field Trial of procedural justice
Criminology, 2013Co-Authors: Lorraine Mazerolle, Sarah Bennett, Emma Antrobus, Tom R TylerAbstract:Exploring the relationship between procedural justice and citizen perceptions of police is a well-trodden pathway. Studies show that when citizens perceive the police acting in a procedurally just manner-by treating people with dignity and respect, and by being fair and neutral in their actions-they view the police as legitimate and are more likely to comply with directives and cooperate with police. Our article examines both the direct and the indirect outcomes of procedural justice policing, tested under Randomized Field Trial conditions. We assess whether police can enhance perceptions of legitimacy during a short, police-initiated and procedurally just traffic encounter and how this single encounter shapes general views of police. Our results show significant differences between the control and experimental conditions: Procedurally just traffic encounters with police (experimental condition) shape citizen views about the actual encounter directly and general orientations toward the police relative to business-as-usual traffic stops in the control group. The theorized model is supported by our research, demonstrating that the police have much to gain from acting fairly during even short encounters with citizens.
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procedural justice routine encounters and citizen perceptions of police main findings from the queensland community engagement Trial qcet
Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2012Co-Authors: Lorraine Mazerolle, Sarah Bennett, Emma Antrobus, Elizabeth EgginsAbstract:To test, under Randomized Field Trial conditions, the impact of police using the principles of procedural justice during routine encounters with citizens on attitudes towards drink-driving, perceptions of compliance, and their satisfaction with the police. We conducted the first Randomized Field Trial—the ‘Queensland Community Engagement Trial’ (QCET)—to test the impact of police engaging with citizens by operationalizing the key ingredients of procedural justice (neutrality, citizen participation, respect, and trustworthy motives) in a short, high-volume police–citizen encounter. We randomly allocated 60 roadside Random Breath Testing (RBT) operations to control (business-as-usual) and experimental (procedural justice) conditions. Driver surveys were used to measure the key outcomes: attitudes towards drinking and driving, satisfaction with police and perceptions of compliance. Citizen perceptions of the encounter revealed that the experimental treatment was delivered as planned. We also found significant differences between the experimental and control groups on all key outcome measures: drivers who received the experimental RBT encounter were 1.24 times more likely to report that their views on drinking and driving had changed than the control group; experimental respondents reported small but higher levels of compliance (d = .07) and satisfaction (d = .18) with police during the encounter than did their control group counterparts. Our results show that the way citizens perceive the police can be influenced by the way in which police interact with citizens during routine encounters, and demonstrate the positive benefits of police using the principles of procedural justice. Our study was limited by the use of paper-only surveys and low response rate. We also recognize that the experiment setting (RBT road blocks) is limiting and non-reflective of the wider set of routine police–citizen encounters. Future research should be undertaken, using experimental methods, to replicate our Field operationalization of procedural justice in different types of police–citizen encounters.
Bart Pardon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Randomized Field Trial on the effects of body weight and short transport on stress and immune variables in 2 to 4 week old dairy calves
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Christien Masmeijer, Bert Devriendt, Tina Rogge, Lieze De Cremer, Bonny Van Ranst, Piet Deprez, Eric Cox, Katharina Van Leenen, Bart PardonAbstract:BACKGROUND: Whether underweight calves respond differently to transport stress, enhancing their disease risk, is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of low body weight and transport stress on immune variables. ANIMALS: Twenty-one 2- to 4-week-old male Holstein calves, housed on a commercial farm. METHODS: Randomized clinical Trial. Full factorial design with 4 treatment groups: low body weight (≤46 kg)/no transport (LOWCON); low body weight/transport (LOWTRANS); normal body weight (>46 kg)/no transport (NORMCON), and normal body weight/transport (NORMTRANS). Transport duration was 2 hours. RESULTS: Transport significantly increased serum cortisol concentration (77.8 μg/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 37.8-131.6; P < .001), interleukin (IL)-17A (344.9 pg/mL; 95% CI, 32.2-556.5; P = .04), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (218.2 pg/mL; 95% CI, 32.5-368.3; P = .03) production after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Body weight did not affect any of the studied variables. However, the interaction of transport and body weight was significant. LOWTRANS calves showed increased monocyte count (2.0 × 109 /L; 95% CI, 0.6-4.2; P < .05) and interleukin IL-17A production (106.0 pg/mL; 95% CI, 4.2-306.9; P = .03) compared to normal weight calves and increased TNF-α production (275.6 pg/mL; 95% CI, 2.6-463.0; P = .02) compared to LOWCON calves in unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after transport. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: These findings contribute to our understanding of increased disease susceptibility of underweight calves when transported. Gamma globulin concentration was identified as important interfering factor in studies on immune variables in neonatal calves.
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Randomized Field Trial on the effects of body weight and short transport on stress and immune variables in 2‐ to 4‐week‐old dairy calves
Wiley, 2019Co-Authors: Christien Masmeijer, Bert Devriendt, Tina Rogge, Katharina Vanleenen, Lieze De Cremer, Bonny Van Ranst, Piet Deprez, Eric Cox, Bart PardonAbstract:Abstract Background Whether underweight calves respond differently to transport stress, enhancing their disease risk, is currently unknown. Objective To determine the effects of low body weight and transport stress on immune variables. Animals Twenty‐one 2‐ to 4‐week‐old male Holstein calves, housed on a commercial farm. Methods Randomized clinical Trial. Full factorial design with 4 treatment groups: low body weight (≤46 kg)/no transport (LOWCON); low body weight/transport (LOWTRANS); normal body weight (>46 kg)/no transport (NORMCON), and normal body weight/transport (NORMTRANS). Transport duration was 2 hours. Results Transport significantly increased serum cortisol concentration (77.8 μg/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 37.8‐131.6; P
