The Experts below are selected from a list of 21 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Steve Winder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Real Op-Amp performance parameters
Operational Amplifiers, 2003Co-Authors: George Clayton, Steve WinderAbstract:This chapter discusses various Real-time performance parameters of the Operational Amplifiers (Op-Amp) and their importance. Sinusoidal response parameters describe the way in which an Op-Amp responds to sinusoidal signals. In particular, they show how the Op-Amp's response depends upon signal frequency. Transient response parameters characterize the way in which an Op-Amp reacts to a step or square-wave input signal. An added complication is that it is necessary to distinguish between the small-signal and large-signal response parameters. Differences arise because of dynamic saturation effects that occur with large signals. An ideal Op-Amp should have an Open-loOp gain that is independent of signal frequency, but the gain of a Real Op-Amp will have frequency dependence. Both the magnitude and the phase of the Open-loOp gain are frequency dependent. This frequency dependence has a marked effect on the closed-loOp performance. The gain frequency dependence of the Open-loOp response also affects the closed-loOp response. The effect on the closed-loOp gain is most conveniently demonstrated in graphical form by sketching the apprOpriate Bode plots. The Bode diagrams are particularly useful in assessing the stability and frequency response of feedback circuits
Op Amp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Op Amp Input and Output Common-Mode and Differential Voltage Range MT-041 TUTORIAL INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGE
2010Co-Authors: Op AmpAbstract:Some practical basic points are now considered regarding the allowable input and output voltage ranges of a Real Op Amp. This obviously varies with not only the specific device, but also the supply voltage. While we can always Optimize this performance point with device selection, more fundamental considerations come first. Any Real Op Amp will have a finite voltage range of Operation, at both input and output. In modern system designs, supply voltages are drOpping rapidly, and 3 V to 5 V total supply voltages are now common for analog circuits such as Op Amps. This is a far cry from supply systems of the past, which were typically ±15 V (30 V total). Because of these smaller voltages, it is very important to understand the limitations of both the input and the output voltage ranges—especially during the Op Amp selection process. OUTPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE RANGE Figure 1 below is a general illustration of the limitations imposed by input and output dynamic ranges of an Op Amp, related to both supply rails. Any Op Amp will always be powered by two supply potentials, indicated by the positive rail, +VS, and the negative rail, –VS. We will define the Op Amp’s input and output CM range in terms of how closely it can approach these two rail voltage limits. +V
George Clayton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Real Op-Amp performance parameters
Operational Amplifiers, 2003Co-Authors: George Clayton, Steve WinderAbstract:This chapter discusses various Real-time performance parameters of the Operational Amplifiers (Op-Amp) and their importance. Sinusoidal response parameters describe the way in which an Op-Amp responds to sinusoidal signals. In particular, they show how the Op-Amp's response depends upon signal frequency. Transient response parameters characterize the way in which an Op-Amp reacts to a step or square-wave input signal. An added complication is that it is necessary to distinguish between the small-signal and large-signal response parameters. Differences arise because of dynamic saturation effects that occur with large signals. An ideal Op-Amp should have an Open-loOp gain that is independent of signal frequency, but the gain of a Real Op-Amp will have frequency dependence. Both the magnitude and the phase of the Open-loOp gain are frequency dependent. This frequency dependence has a marked effect on the closed-loOp performance. The gain frequency dependence of the Open-loOp response also affects the closed-loOp response. The effect on the closed-loOp gain is most conveniently demonstrated in graphical form by sketching the apprOpriate Bode plots. The Bode diagrams are particularly useful in assessing the stability and frequency response of feedback circuits
B.h. Suits - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Non-linear Uses of Op-Amps
Electronics for Physicists, 2020Co-Authors: B.h. SuitsAbstract:In the previous chapter, the Op-Amp was used as a linear Amplifier. A Real Op-Amp has limitations that can be exploited to make useful circuits in which the Op-Amp is no longer linear. These applications use the very high gain of the Op-Amp along with the limited output range to create new circuits. Of particular interest is use as a comparator.
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The Ideal Op-Amp
Electronics for Physicists, 2020Co-Authors: B.h. SuitsAbstract:An Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp) is a special type of differential Amplifier that has some very useful prOperties. Op-Amps are available as inexpensive self-contained integrated circuits and the detail of what goes on inside the device is rarely of concern. In this chapter, the ideal Op-Amp, treated as a device, is introduced and many useful circuits based on the ideal Op-Amp with feedback are presented. After that, some discussion of prOperties of a Real Op-Amp are presented.
John Semmlow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chapter 12 – Basic Analog Electronics: Operational Amplifiers
Signals and Systems for Bioengineers, 2012Co-Authors: John SemmlowAbstract:Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview of analog Operational Amplifiers. Increasing the Amplitude or gain of an analog signal is termed Amplification and is achieved using an electronic device known as an Amplifier. The prOperties of an Amplifier are commonly introduced using a simplification called the ideal Amplifier. An ideal Amplifier is characterized by three features: (1) It has a well-defined gain at all frequencies (or at least over a specific range of frequencies); (2) Its output is an ideal source; and (3) Its input is an ideal load. An ideal Amplifier has infinite input impedance, zero output impedance, and a fixed gain at all frequencies. An Operational Amplifier (Op Amp) has infinite input impedance and zero output impedance, but has infinite gain. The actual gain of an Op Amp circuit is determined by the feedback network, which is generally constructed from passive devices. This provides great flexibility with a wide variety of design Options and the inherent robustness and long-term stability of passive elements. The concepts related to the Operational Amplifier, inverting Amplifiers, and noninverting Amplifier are elaborated. Limitations in transfer characteristics of Real Op Amp are elaborated. It also discusses differential Amplifier, adder, buffer Amplifier, analog filters, and instrumentation Amplifier.
