The Experts below are selected from a list of 246 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Manuel Nistal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Tumors of the Collecting Duct and Rete Testis
Atlas of Peculiar and Common Testicular and Paratesticular Tumors, 2019Co-Authors: Manuel Nistal, Pilar González-peramatoAbstract:There are two primitive tumors of the Rete Testis: adenomas with a benign behavior and adenocarcinomas with a malignant outcome. According to their architectural pattern, adenomas can be solid (sertoliform cystadenoma), papillary (papillary cystadenoma), cystic (cystadenoma), or with a fibromatous stromal component (adenofibromas). In addition to the most common variety, adenocarcinomas of the Rete Testis include clear cell adenocarcinomas. Two cases have been chosen as representative of this group: a sertoliform cystadenoma and an adenocarcinoma; they both make it possible to comment on the differential diagnosis not only between them but also with other tumors, as it is the case of adenocarcinoma, both primary tumors of the Testis and metastases.
-
Acquired Cystic Transformation of the Rete Testis (Cystic Ectasia of the Rete Testis)
Clues in the Diagnosis of Non-tumoral Testicular Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Manuel Nistal, Pilar González-peramato, Álvaro SerranoAbstract:One of the most serious consequences of obstruction of the spermatic ducts, and especially when it affects epididymis, is the sudden interruption of the flow of testicular fluid. As the production of testicular fluid is continuous, a retrograde dilation of the anterior segment of the spermatic ducts occurs that ends dilating the Rete Testis. From a histological point of view, three types of cystic transformation of the Rete Testis can be identified: simple, with epithelial changes, and with crystal deposits. Each of these three types presents different problems. The simple cystic transformation can be so important that it poses problems of differential diagnosis with both malformation processes of Rete Testis (simple cyst, cystic dysplasia of the Rete Testis), and two tumors of the Rete Testis (cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma) and germ cell tumors that may consist preferably of cystic formations, or with vascular pathology (intratesticular varicocele). Cystic transformation with epithelial changes occurs in patients with certain underlying conditions due to increased estrogen, and the epithelium acquires a cubic aspect. Finally, the cystic transformation of the Rete Testis with crystalline deposits is characteristic of patients with chronic kidney disease and is a form of oxalosis.
-
Congenital Cystic Pathology of the Rete Testis
Clues in the Diagnosis of Non-tumoral Testicular Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Manuel Nistal, Pilar González-peramato, Álvaro SerranoAbstract:The following are considered congenital anomalies of the Rete Testis: cysts of the Rete Testis, cystic dysplasia of the Rete Testis, hamartomas of the Rete Testis, dysgenesis of the Testis, and most adenomatous hyperplasias. In most of these situations, pathology of the Rete Testis is not an isolated abnormality but part of an impaired development that may affect not only the Testis but most mesonephric derivatives. Cystic dysplasia of the Rete Testis is a typical lesion of the infantile Testis, and the differential diagnosis is established with all the injuries that can have a cystic component such as juvenile granulosa cell tumors, simple testicular cysts, epidermoid cysts, cystic teratomas, and testicular lymphangiectasis. Dysgenesis and adenomatous hyperplasia of the Rete Testis develop along puberty or in adulthood and are treated in Chaps. 28 and 31.
-
Acquired Pathology of the Rete Testis
Clues in the Diagnosis of Non-tumoral Testicular Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Manuel Nistal, Pilar González-peramato, Álvaro SerranoAbstract:The Rete Testis, usually considered as a simple collector system collecting fluid from the testicular seminiferous tubules and moving it to the epididymis, is not immune to changes that may bring about differential diagnoses with different tumors. Most of these changes are proliferative; this is the case of reactive hyperplasia, hyperplasia with hyaline globules, and adenomatous hyperplasia. In other instances, the changes are induced by ischemia or hormone deprivation such as the intracavitary nodular polypoid calcifying proliferation and the atrophy of Rete Testis observed in elderly patients. Reactive hyperplasia can be observed in virtually all testicular non-tumor and tumor processes, as in adult testicular torsion, orchitis, epidermoid cysts, gonadal stromal tumors, germ cell tumors, and even primary lymphomas. Diagnoses entailing more difficulty are intratesticular adenomatoid tumor, adenocarcinoma of the Rete Testis, and intracavitary extension of a germ cell tumor. Hyperplasia with hyaline globules is observed when different germ cell and non-germ cell tumors infiltrate the testicular mediastinum. In adenomatous hyperplasia, when the growth pattern is pseudoglandular, differential diagnosis arises with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma and when such growth pattern is papillary, with adenocarcinoma of the Rete Testis.
-
Rete Testis Dysgenesis as a Marker of Undescended Testis
Clues in the Diagnosis of Non-tumoral Testicular Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Manuel Nistal, Pilar González-peramato, Álvaro SerranoAbstract:Undescended testes in adults often show changes that may affect all its structures in varying degrees. The tunica albuginea is thin and poorly collagenized. The wall of the seminiferous tubules shows an abnormal constitution. The maturation of the seminiferous epithelium may be incomplete, and there are even seminiferous tubules without germ cells. Leydig cells have a tendency to distribute irregularly and form large clusters. The Rete Testis is not an exception, and its development can be altered, sometimes keeping its prepubertal appearance, others showing abnormal development. In the first case, the flattened cavities characteristic of mediastinal Rete Testis are not formed; in the second case a proliferation of small glands or papillae occurs which are lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium rather than the flat squamous epithelium of normal Rete. In these cases a differential diagnosis with both primary malignant lesions such as adenocarcinoma of the Rete Testis and secondary lesions such as metastatic adenocarcinoma from other locations should be established.
Adeboye O. Osunkoya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumor and or intratubular germ cell neoplasia what is the significance of this finding
Human Pathology, 2010Co-Authors: Adam P. Vogt, Zhengjia Chen, Adeboye O. OsunkoyaAbstract:Pathologic stage and postsurgical treatment guidelines of malignant germ cell tumors, currently take into account angiolymphatic invasion, degree of extra testicular invasion, and serum tumor marker levels. The significance of Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumors or intratubular germ cell neoplasia however remains controversial. A search through the surgical pathology and expert consultation files at our institution from 2002 to 2009 was made for malignant germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia in orchiectomy specimens. Clinicopathologic data including Rete Testis status were obtained. Two hundred ninety-two orchiectomy specimens were identified. One hundred thirty-six were associated with malignant germ cell tumors. Mean patient age was 33 years (range, 14-67 years). The mean greatest tumor dimension was 4.1 cm (range, 0.8-18 cm). Fifty-six were pure seminoma (40%), 50 were nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors (35%), and 35 were mixed malignant germ cell tumors including a seminoma component (25%). Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was identified in 99 cases (70%). Pathologic stage at presentation was as follows: stage 1, 71 patients (50%); stage 2, 62 patients (45%); stage 3, 2 patients (1%); and indeterminate, 6 patients (4%). Seventy-eight patients had documented Rete Testis status: Rete Testis invasion, 41 (53%); no Rete Testis invasion, 37 (47%). Angiolymphatic invasion was present in 62 cases (44%). Follow-up information was available in 43 patients with known Rete Testis status. Mean follow-up duration was 43 months (range, 3-65 months). Twenty patients had Rete Testis invasion, and 23 patients had no Rete Testis invasion. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was present in patients with Rete Testis invasion in 18 cases (90%), compared to only 13 cases (57%) in patients without Rete Testis invasion, P = .02. Serum markers were elevated in 10 patients (50%) with Rete Testis invasion compared to only 6 patients (26%) without Rete Testis invasion, P = .05. The combination of Rete Testis invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were present in 8 cases and were found to be associated with elevated serum tumor markers in 7 (88%) of the 8 cases, compared to the combination of no invasion of the Rete Testis and angiolymphatic invasion showing elevated serum tumor markers in 3 (38%) of 8 cases. However, 7 patients (35%) with Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease, and 11 patients (48%) without Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease. Rete Testis status should be documented in orchiectomy specimens with malignant germ cell tumors. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia may be the only component of a malignant germ cell tumor involving the Rete Testis. In this series, elevated tumor markers were more likely associated with angiolymphatic invasion and positive Rete Testis status. Positive Rete Testis status does not appear to be an independent predictor of patient outcome.
-
Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumor and/or intratubular germ cell neoplasia: what is the significance of this finding?
Human pathology, 2010Co-Authors: Adam P. Vogt, Zhengjia Chen, Adeboye O. OsunkoyaAbstract:Pathologic stage and postsurgical treatment guidelines of malignant germ cell tumors, currently take into account angiolymphatic invasion, degree of extra testicular invasion, and serum tumor marker levels. The significance of Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumors or intratubular germ cell neoplasia however remains controversial. A search through the surgical pathology and expert consultation files at our institution from 2002 to 2009 was made for malignant germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia in orchiectomy specimens. Clinicopathologic data including Rete Testis status were obtained. Two hundred ninety-two orchiectomy specimens were identified. One hundred thirty-six were associated with malignant germ cell tumors. Mean patient age was 33 years (range, 14-67 years). The mean greatest tumor dimension was 4.1 cm (range, 0.8-18 cm). Fifty-six were pure seminoma (40%), 50 were nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors (35%), and 35 were mixed malignant germ cell tumors including a seminoma component (25%). Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was identified in 99 cases (70%). Pathologic stage at presentation was as follows: stage 1, 71 patients (50%); stage 2, 62 patients (45%); stage 3, 2 patients (1%); and indeterminate, 6 patients (4%). Seventy-eight patients had documented Rete Testis status: Rete Testis invasion, 41 (53%); no Rete Testis invasion, 37 (47%). Angiolymphatic invasion was present in 62 cases (44%). Follow-up information was available in 43 patients with known Rete Testis status. Mean follow-up duration was 43 months (range, 3-65 months). Twenty patients had Rete Testis invasion, and 23 patients had no Rete Testis invasion. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was present in patients with Rete Testis invasion in 18 cases (90%), compared to only 13 cases (57%) in patients without Rete Testis invasion, P = .02. Serum markers were elevated in 10 patients (50%) with Rete Testis invasion compared to only 6 patients (26%) without Rete Testis invasion, P = .05. The combination of Rete Testis invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were present in 8 cases and were found to be associated with elevated serum tumor markers in 7 (88%) of the 8 cases, compared to the combination of no invasion of the Rete Testis and angiolymphatic invasion showing elevated serum tumor markers in 3 (38%) of 8 cases. However, 7 patients (35%) with Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease, and 11 patients (48%) without Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease. Rete Testis status should be documented in orchiectomy specimens with malignant germ cell tumors. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia may be the only component of a malignant germ cell tumor involving the Rete Testis. In this series, elevated tumor markers were more likely associated with angiolymphatic invasion and positive Rete Testis status. Positive Rete Testis status does not appear to be an independent predictor of patient outcome.
Adam P. Vogt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumor and or intratubular germ cell neoplasia what is the significance of this finding
Human Pathology, 2010Co-Authors: Adam P. Vogt, Zhengjia Chen, Adeboye O. OsunkoyaAbstract:Pathologic stage and postsurgical treatment guidelines of malignant germ cell tumors, currently take into account angiolymphatic invasion, degree of extra testicular invasion, and serum tumor marker levels. The significance of Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumors or intratubular germ cell neoplasia however remains controversial. A search through the surgical pathology and expert consultation files at our institution from 2002 to 2009 was made for malignant germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia in orchiectomy specimens. Clinicopathologic data including Rete Testis status were obtained. Two hundred ninety-two orchiectomy specimens were identified. One hundred thirty-six were associated with malignant germ cell tumors. Mean patient age was 33 years (range, 14-67 years). The mean greatest tumor dimension was 4.1 cm (range, 0.8-18 cm). Fifty-six were pure seminoma (40%), 50 were nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors (35%), and 35 were mixed malignant germ cell tumors including a seminoma component (25%). Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was identified in 99 cases (70%). Pathologic stage at presentation was as follows: stage 1, 71 patients (50%); stage 2, 62 patients (45%); stage 3, 2 patients (1%); and indeterminate, 6 patients (4%). Seventy-eight patients had documented Rete Testis status: Rete Testis invasion, 41 (53%); no Rete Testis invasion, 37 (47%). Angiolymphatic invasion was present in 62 cases (44%). Follow-up information was available in 43 patients with known Rete Testis status. Mean follow-up duration was 43 months (range, 3-65 months). Twenty patients had Rete Testis invasion, and 23 patients had no Rete Testis invasion. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was present in patients with Rete Testis invasion in 18 cases (90%), compared to only 13 cases (57%) in patients without Rete Testis invasion, P = .02. Serum markers were elevated in 10 patients (50%) with Rete Testis invasion compared to only 6 patients (26%) without Rete Testis invasion, P = .05. The combination of Rete Testis invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were present in 8 cases and were found to be associated with elevated serum tumor markers in 7 (88%) of the 8 cases, compared to the combination of no invasion of the Rete Testis and angiolymphatic invasion showing elevated serum tumor markers in 3 (38%) of 8 cases. However, 7 patients (35%) with Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease, and 11 patients (48%) without Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease. Rete Testis status should be documented in orchiectomy specimens with malignant germ cell tumors. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia may be the only component of a malignant germ cell tumor involving the Rete Testis. In this series, elevated tumor markers were more likely associated with angiolymphatic invasion and positive Rete Testis status. Positive Rete Testis status does not appear to be an independent predictor of patient outcome.
-
Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumor and/or intratubular germ cell neoplasia: what is the significance of this finding?
Human pathology, 2010Co-Authors: Adam P. Vogt, Zhengjia Chen, Adeboye O. OsunkoyaAbstract:Pathologic stage and postsurgical treatment guidelines of malignant germ cell tumors, currently take into account angiolymphatic invasion, degree of extra testicular invasion, and serum tumor marker levels. The significance of Rete Testis invasion by malignant germ cell tumors or intratubular germ cell neoplasia however remains controversial. A search through the surgical pathology and expert consultation files at our institution from 2002 to 2009 was made for malignant germ cell tumors and intratubular germ cell neoplasia in orchiectomy specimens. Clinicopathologic data including Rete Testis status were obtained. Two hundred ninety-two orchiectomy specimens were identified. One hundred thirty-six were associated with malignant germ cell tumors. Mean patient age was 33 years (range, 14-67 years). The mean greatest tumor dimension was 4.1 cm (range, 0.8-18 cm). Fifty-six were pure seminoma (40%), 50 were nonseminomatous malignant germ cell tumors (35%), and 35 were mixed malignant germ cell tumors including a seminoma component (25%). Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was identified in 99 cases (70%). Pathologic stage at presentation was as follows: stage 1, 71 patients (50%); stage 2, 62 patients (45%); stage 3, 2 patients (1%); and indeterminate, 6 patients (4%). Seventy-eight patients had documented Rete Testis status: Rete Testis invasion, 41 (53%); no Rete Testis invasion, 37 (47%). Angiolymphatic invasion was present in 62 cases (44%). Follow-up information was available in 43 patients with known Rete Testis status. Mean follow-up duration was 43 months (range, 3-65 months). Twenty patients had Rete Testis invasion, and 23 patients had no Rete Testis invasion. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia was present in patients with Rete Testis invasion in 18 cases (90%), compared to only 13 cases (57%) in patients without Rete Testis invasion, P = .02. Serum markers were elevated in 10 patients (50%) with Rete Testis invasion compared to only 6 patients (26%) without Rete Testis invasion, P = .05. The combination of Rete Testis invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were present in 8 cases and were found to be associated with elevated serum tumor markers in 7 (88%) of the 8 cases, compared to the combination of no invasion of the Rete Testis and angiolymphatic invasion showing elevated serum tumor markers in 3 (38%) of 8 cases. However, 7 patients (35%) with Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease, and 11 patients (48%) without Rete Testis invasion developed metastatic disease. Rete Testis status should be documented in orchiectomy specimens with malignant germ cell tumors. Intratubular germ cell neoplasia may be the only component of a malignant germ cell tumor involving the Rete Testis. In this series, elevated tumor markers were more likely associated with angiolymphatic invasion and positive Rete Testis status. Positive Rete Testis status does not appear to be an independent predictor of patient outcome.
Ricardo Paniagua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Cystic transformation of the Rete Testis.
The American journal of surgical pathology, 1996Co-Authors: Manuel Nistal, Alberto Mate, Ricardo PaniaguaAbstract:In a review of the testicular and epididymal specimens obtained from autopsies (1,798 men) or surgery (518 men), cystic transformation of the Rete Testis (CTRT) was found in 20 autopsies and 18 surgical specimens. When both testes were studied (autopsies), the lesion was bilateral. Ultrasonography revealed a widened mediastinum Testis showing small hypoechoic areas. Arteriography showed thin or irregularly outlined testicular arteries, and the epididymal artery was lacking or appeared stenosed. Simple CTRT (without epithelial alteration) was found in both testes of 17 autopsied patients (all were elderly men) and in eight surgically removed testes from patients with sarcoma, tuberculous orchidoepididymitis, or hematocele. The most frequent epididymal lesion was bilateral efferent duct atrophy. In three patients, the Rete Testis presented nodular proliferation of calcifying connective tissue. CTRT with columnar transformation of the Rete Testis epithelium was observed in both testes from three patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, and in 10 surgically removed testes from patients with testicular tumor, cryptorchidism, or nonspecific orchitis. In cirrhotic patients, the efferent ducts appeared atrophied. In patients with testicular tumors, the efferent ducts were infiltrated by carcinoma in situ cells (CISs) and often contained granular material, cell debris, or hyaline globules. In both kinds of CTRT (without or with epithelial metaplasia), the most frequent seminiferous tubule lesions were tubular ectasia, hypospermatogenesis, tubular sclerosis, spermatogonium arrest, and sloughing of immature germ cells (spermatids and spermatocytes). The mechanism leading to CTRT might be mechanic (compression of the epididymis by an epididymal tumor or a spermatic cord tumor, or the result of a long-standing epididymitis or traumatic hemocele); ischemic (autopsied elderly men); hormonal (cirrhotic patients); malformative (cryptorchidism); or unknown (the remaining cases).
-
Cystic transformation and calcium oxalate deposits in Rete Testis and efferent ducts in dialysis patients
Human pathology, 1996Co-Authors: Manuel Nistal, Joséa Jimenez-heffernan, Manuel Garcia-viera, Ricardo PaniaguaAbstract:The histological study of the testes and epididymides obtained from autopsies of 24 men with chronic renal insufficiency revealed bilateral cystic transformation of the Rete Testis and efferent ducts in patients who underwent hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, but not in patients who did not receive this treatment. The lesion was associated with an accumulation of crystalline calcium oxalate deposits in the lumen of the Rete Testis and efferent ducts, and in the connective tissue adjacent to these excretory ducts. The Rete Testis epithelium showed columnar transformation with occasional papillary proliferations. Neither atypias or mitoses were observed. In three specimens, fibrosis and giant cell reaction was also present in the Rete Testis at the level of the crystalline deposits. In three specimens, the caput epididymidis was enlarged, and the efferent ducts showed an increase in both tubular diameter and epithelial height, irregular outline, and development of diverticula. The lesions appeared within 30 months after the onset of dialysis.
Andrey Yu Kulibin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Formation of the Rete Testis during mouse embryonic development.
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 2020Co-Authors: Andrey Yu Kulibin, E. A. MalolinaAbstract:Background The Rete Testis connects seminiferous tubules of the Testis with efferent ducts having a mesonephric origin. The development of the Rete Testis is insufficiently studied, but there is evidence suggesting that it originates from gonadal cells. Here, the formation of the Rete Testis was investigated from E11.5 to E16.5 using immunofluorescent staining and 3D-modeling. Results The Rete Testis became visible by SOX9 and PAX8 staining starting from E12.5. It was located in the mesonephros but connected with Testis cords formed by Sertoli cells expressing SOX9, AMH, DMRT1. Between E13.5 and E14.5, AMH+ network of Testis cords at the mesonephric side began to disintegrate in a gradient-dependent manner along the anterior-posterior axis of the gonad and connections between Testis cords gradually lost AMH becoming a part of the Rete. Cells combining features of Sertoli and Rete cells (PAX8+ AMH+ and DMRT1+ AMH- cells) were detected starting from E14.5, suggesting that some Rete cells originated from Sertoli cells. The Rete ovarii, a female counterpart of the Rete Testis, developed in a similar way as the Rete Testis until E13.5. Conclusions A part of the Rete Testis originates from connections between Testis cords. Evidence that Sertoli cells contribute to Rete cells is provided.
-
the Rete Testis harbors sertoli like cells capable of expressing dmrt1
Reproduction, 2019Co-Authors: E. A. Malolina, Andrey Yu KulibinAbstract:Sertoli cells (SCs) are supporting cells in the mammalian Testis that proliferate throughout fetal and postnatal development but exit the cell cycle and differentiate at puberty. In our previous study, we isolated a population of highly proliferative Sertoli-like cells (SLCs) from the region of the adult mouse Testis containing the Rete Testis and adjacent seminiferous tubules. Here RNA-seq of the adult SLC culture as well as qPCR analysis and immunofluorescence of the adult and immature (6 dpp) SLC cultures were performed that allowed us to identify SLC-specific genes, including Pax8, Cdh1, and Krt8. Using these, we found that SLCs are mostly localized in the Rete Testis epithelium; however, some contribution of transitional zones of seminiferous tubules could not be excluded. The main feature of SLCs indicating their relationship to SCs is DMRT1 expression. More than 40% of both adult and immature SLCs expressed DMRT1 at different levels in culture. Only rare DMRT1+ cells were detected in the adult Rete Testis, whereas more than 40% of cells were positively stained for DMRT1 in the immature Rete Testis. One more SC protein, AMH, was found in some Rete cells of the immature Testis. It was also demonstrated that SLCs expressed such SC genes as Nr5a1, Dhh, Gdnf, and Kitl and interacted with germ cells in 3D co-culture with immature testicular cells. All these similarities between SLCs and Rete cells on one the hand and SCs on the other, suggest that Rete cells could share a common origin with SCs.
-
Rete Testis and the adjacent seminiferous tubules during postembryonic development in mice
Russian Journal of Developmental Biology, 2017Co-Authors: E. A. Malolina, Andrey Yu KulibinAbstract:Testicular compartment that includes Rete Testis and the adjacent transitional zone (TZ) of seminiferous tubules has been examined only by light and electron microscopy until now. However, recent data suggest that adult Sertoli cells (SCs) located in this compartment are capable to commence active proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, and hence, are not completely differentiated. The present study is first to investigate mouse Rete Testis and TZ during the postembryonic development and is intended to determine new protein markers for cells of this compartment, the state of their differentiation, and also their proliferative activity. It was demonstrated that Rete Testis cells were stained for SC marker Wt1 transiently, until day 25 of postembryonic development, then the staining disappeared. Another SC marker Dmrt1 that involved in the process of SC differentiation was not expressed in the Rete Testis cells during the postnatal development and in the adult state. One more feature that distinguished Rete Testis cells from SCs was lower proliferative activity of Rete Testis cells in 2–6 days old mice. SCs from TZ expressed Wt1 at all ages examined. However, at earlier ages, they were heterogeneous on Dmrt1 expression, and only by day 25, Dmrt1 expression was completely disappeared from TZ SCs. It is interesting that on day 18 when SCs in seminiferous tubules complete differentiation and exit from cell cycle proliferation of TZ SCs was at significantly higher level. It is also showed that in 3D culture, Wt1+ cells isolated from Rete Testis and TZ of 60 days old GFP male mice were capable to form seminiferous tubules de novo in cooperation with testicular cells from 6 days old mice.