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Okada S - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Retinol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 971) and Retinol Palmitate Reference Standard (Control 971) of National Institute of Health Sciences
    Kokuritsu Iyakuhin Shokuhin Eisei Kenkyujo hokoku = Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences, 1998
    Co-Authors: Tanimoto T, Iwata M, Kitajima A, Maekawa K, Saito H, Okada S
    Abstract:

    The "Retinol Acetate Reference Standard (Control 971)" and "Retinol Palmitate Reference Standard (Control 971)" of National Institute of Health Sciences using the assay of vitamin A ester were prepared. The proposed materials were evaluated in collaboration with four laboratories. Analytical data obtained were as follows. 1) The purities of Retinol acetate and Retinol Palmitate measured by HPLC were 99.9 +/- 0.06% and 94.5 +/- 0.06%, respectively. 2) ultraviolet spectrum of Retinol acetate and Retinol Palmitate showed the lambda max at 326-327 nm. 3) The difference in relative extinction of Retinol acetate and Retinol Palmitate at 300 nm, 310 nm, 320 nm, 330 nm, 340 nm and 350 nm are within the range provided in JPXIII. 4) The contents of Retinol acetate and Retinol Palmitate were 52,000 IU/g and 52,200 IU/g, respectively. Based on the above results, these proposed materials were authorized to be the Reference Standards of the National Institute of Health Sciences.

Carlos Eduardo Schnorr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Estudo dos efeitos da suplementação com palmitato de Retinol sobre parâmetros comportamentais e de estresse oxidativo no encéfalo de ratos de meia-idade e avaliação do β-caroteno como uma alternativa nutriterapêutia
    Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015
    Co-Authors: Carlos Eduardo Schnorr
    Abstract:

    A saúde mental dos adultos mais velhos é uma prioridade para a saúde pública devido a sua vulnerabilidade aos transtornos mentais. Pelo menos em parte, essa vulnerabilidade tem sido atribuída às diversas mudanças que ocorrem no cérebro durante o envelhecimento. Sabe-se também que algumas destas mudanças podem aumentar a vulnerabilidade do cérebro ao estresse oxidativo, um importante fator fisiopatológico em diversos transtornos mentais. Por sua vez, sabe-se que inúmeros fatores podem induzir estresse oxidativo no cérebro, incluindo o consumo de micronutrientes em quantidades inadequadas. Embora a vitamina A seja um micronutriente essencial para a manutenção da homeostase no cérebro, nesta tese demonstramos que a suplementação crônica com palmitato de Retinol para ratos durante a meia-idade induz um estado emocional alterado e estresse oxidativo no encéfalo. Além disso, demonstramos que a suplementação com B-caroteno pode ser uma alternativa mais segura ao palmitato de Retinol, induzindo modulações antioxidantes no plasma sem exercer efeitos pró-oxidantes no encéfalo de ratos.The mental health of older adults is a priority for public health because of their vulnerability to mental disorders. At least in part, this vulnerability has been attributed to the various changes that occur in the brain during aging. It is also known that some of these changes may increase the vulnerability of the brain to oxidative stress, an important pathophysiological factor in many mental disorders. In turn, it is known that many factors can induce oxidative stress in the brain, including the intake of micronutrients in inadequate quantities. Although Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient for the maintenance of homeostasis in the brain, this thesis demonstrated that the chronic supplementation with retinyl Palmitate to rats during middle age induces an altered emotional state and oxidative stress in the brain. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that suplementation with B-carotene may be a safer alternative to Retinol Palmitate, inducing antioxidant modulations in plasma without exerting prooxidant effects in the brain of rats

  • increased blood oxidative stress in experimental menopause rat model the effects of vitamin a low dose supplementation upon antioxidant status in bilateral ovariectomized rats
    Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Guilherme Antonio Behr, Carlos Eduardo Schnorr, Jose Claudio Fonseca Moreira
    Abstract:

    Menopause has been reported to be associated with increased oxidative stress and metabolic disorders among women worldwide. Disarrangements in the redox state similar to those observed in women during the decline of ovarian hormonal activity can be obtained experimentally through rat bilateral ovariectomy. The search for alternative treatments to improve life quality in postmenopausal woman is really important. The aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical and oxidative stress parameters that distinguish sham-operated female rats from Wistar rats bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). Additionally, we have also investigated the effects of Retinol Palmitate (a vitamin A supplement) low-dose supplementation (500 or 1500 IU/kg/day, during 30 days) upon blood and plasma antioxidant status in OVX rats. Ovariectomy caused an increase in body weight gain, pronounced uterine atrophy, decreased plasma triglycerides and increased total cholesterol levels, and reduced acid uric content. Moreover, we found increased blood peroxidase activities (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), decreased plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses total reactive antioxidant potential and total antioxidant reactivity, decreased protein and non-protein SH levels, accompanied by increased protein oxidative damage (carbonyl). In addition, vitamin A low-dose supplementation was capable to ameliorate antioxidant status in OVX rats, restoring both enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses, promoting reduction in plasma SH content, and decreasing protein oxidative damage levels. This is the first work in the literature showing that vitamin A at low dose may be beneficial in the treatment of menopause symptoms. Further studies will be made to better understand the effects of vitamin A supplementation in menopause rat model.

Sergio Antonio De Bortoli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effect of vitamins and sterol as foliar additives in the development of Bombyx mori L. and influence of the application mode
    2018
    Co-Authors: Sergio Antonio De Bortoli, Luciane Sandrini Dias, Roque Takahashi, José Ednilson Miranda, Caroline Placidi De Bortoli
    Abstract:

    The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of different methods of foliar application of the additives nandrolone decanoate (anabolic steroid) 0,5%; ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 0,5%; Retinol Palmitate (vitamin A) 0,5%; and Retinol acetate (vitamin A) 1,0% on some biological parameters of the silkworm. The experiment of application method (foliar spray prior to delivery, after delivery and soaking before feeding) used: nandrolone decanoate 0.5%, ascorbic acid 0.5%, and Retinol Palmitate 0.5%. The test of insect development evaluated: duration and larval viability, weight of cocoon, cocooning rate, liquid silk content, adult longevity, number of eggs per female and rising up time. For the application of foliar additives, the following were determined: weight gain, length, diameter and abdomen diameter of fifth instar larvae, and length, diameter and weight of silk gland. The results showed that although ascorbic acid provided the best value for the development of the caterpillars body, it did not correspond to significant increase in production; Retinol Palmitate did not affect the larvae body development; Retinol acetate and Retinol Palmitate prolong the larval period, without, however, significantly altering the production parameters. The immersion method of leaves before being delivered to the caterpillars is the most feasible for the foliar application of additives.

  • Efeito de vitaminas e esterol como aditivos foliares no desenvolvimento de Bombyx mori L. e influência do modo de aplicação
    Instituto Biológico, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sergio Antonio De Bortoli, Dias, Luciane Sandrini, Takahashi Roque, Miranda, José Ednilson, De Bortoli, Caroline Placidi
    Abstract:

    O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos e os métodos de aplicação dos aditivos foliares decanoato de nandrolona (esteroide anabolizante) a 0,5%, ácido ascórbico (vitamina C) a 0,5%, palmitato de Retinol (vitamina A) a 0,5% e acetato de Retinol (vitamina A) a 1,0% em alguns parâmetros biológicos do bicho-da-seda. No experimento do modo de aplicação (pulverização foliar antes do fornecimento, depois do fornecimento e por imersão antes do fornecimento) foram utilizados: decanoato de nandrolona 0,5%; ácido ascórbico 0,5%; e palmitato de Retinol 0,5%. No ensaio de desenvolvimento do inseto foram avaliados: duração e viabilidade larval; peso de casulo; taxa de encasulamento; teor líquido de seda; longevidade de adultos; número de ovos por fêmea; e duração do período de subida ao bosque. Para o modo de aplicação determinaram-se: ganho de peso, comprimento, diâmetro do tórax e diâmetro do abdome de lagartas de 5º ínstar, assim como comprimento, diâmetro e peso de glândula sericígena. Os resultados mostraram que, apesar de o ácido ascórbico proporcionar os melhores valores para o desenvolvimento corpóreo das lagartas, este não corresponde a incrementos significativos na produção; o palmitato de Retinol não melhora o desenvolvimento das lagartas; o acetato de Retinol e o palmitato de Retinol prolongam o período larval, sem, no entanto, alterar significativamente os parâmetros de produção; a imersão de folhas antes do fornecimento às lagartas é mais viável para a aplicação dos aditivos.The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of different methods of foliar application of the additives nandrolone decanoate (anabolic steroid) 0,5%; ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 0,5%; Retinol Palmitate (vitamin A) 0,5%; and Retinol acetate (vitamin A) 1,0% on some biological parameters of the silkworm. The experiment of application method (foliar spray prior to delivery, after delivery and soaking before feeding) used: nandrolone decanoate 0.5%, ascorbic acid 0.5%, and Retinol Palmitate 0.5%. The test of insect development evaluated: duration and larval viability, weight of cocoon, cocooning rate, liquid silk content, adult longevity, number of eggs per female and rising up time. For the application of foliar additives, the following were determined: weight gain, length, diameter and abdomen diameter of fifth instar larvae, and length, diameter and weight of silk gland. The results showed that although ascorbic acid provided the best value for the development of the caterpillars body, it did not correspond to significant increase in production; Retinol Palmitate did not affect the larvae body development; Retinol acetate and Retinol Palmitate prolong the larval period, without, however, significantly altering the production parameters. The immersion method of leaves before being delivered to the caterpillars is the most feasible for the foliar application of additives

  • Effect of vitamins and sterol as foliar additives in the development of Bombyx mori L. and influence of the application mode
    Instituto Biológico, 2014
    Co-Authors: Sergio Antonio De Bortoli, Dias, Luciane Sandrini, Takahashi Roque, Miranda, José Ednilson, De Bortoli, Caroline Placidi
    Abstract:

    O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos e os métodos de aplicação dos aditivos foliares decanoato de nandrolona (esteroide anabolizante) a 0,5%, ácido ascórbico (vitamina C) a 0,5%, palmitato de Retinol (vitamina A) a 0,5% e acetato de Retinol (vitamina A) a 1,0% em alguns parâmetros biológicos do bicho-da-seda. No experimento do modo de aplicação (pulverização foliar antes do fornecimento, depois do fornecimento e por imersão antes do fornecimento) foram utilizados: decanoato de nandrolona 0,5%; ácido ascórbico 0,5%; e palmitato de Retinol 0,5%. No ensaio de desenvolvimento do inseto foram avaliados: duração e viabilidade larval; peso de casulo; taxa de encasulamento; teor líquido de seda; longevidade de adultos; número de ovos por fêmea; e duração do período de subida ao bosque. Para o modo de aplicação determinaram-se: ganho de peso, comprimento, diâmetro do tórax e diâmetro do abdome de lagartas de 5º ínstar, assim como comprimento, diâmetro e peso de glândula sericígena. Os resultados mostraram que, apesar de o ácido ascórbico proporcionar os melhores valores para o desenvolvimento corpóreo das lagartas, este não corresponde a incrementos significativos na produção; o palmitato de Retinol não melhora o desenvolvimento das lagartas; o acetato de Retinol e o palmitato de Retinol prolongam o período larval, sem, no entanto, alterar significativamente os parâmetros de produção; a imersão de folhas antes do fornecimento às lagartas é mais viável para a aplicação dos aditivos.The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of different methods of foliar application of the additives nandrolone decanoate (anabolic steroid) 0,5%; ascorbic acid (vitamin C) 0,5%; Retinol Palmitate (vitamin A) 0,5%; and Retinol acetate (vitamin A) 1,0% on some biological parameters of the silkworm. The experiment of application method (foliar spray prior to delivery, after delivery and soaking before feeding) used: nandrolone decanoate 0.5%, ascorbic acid 0.5%, and Retinol Palmitate 0.5%. The test of insect development evaluated: duration and larval viability, weight of cocoon, cocooning rate, liquid silk content, adult longevity, number of eggs per female and rising up time. For the application of foliar additives, the following were determined: weight gain, length, diameter and abdomen diameter of fifth instar larvae, and length, diameter and weight of silk gland. The results showed that although ascorbic acid provided the best value for the development of the caterpillars body, it did not correspond to significant increase in production; Retinol Palmitate did not affect the larvae body development; Retinol acetate and Retinol Palmitate prolong the larval period, without, however, significantly altering the production parameters. The immersion method of leaves before being delivered to the caterpillars is the most feasible for the foliar application of additives

Jose Martines - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • efficacy of early neonatal supplementation with vitamin a to reduce mortality in infancy in haryana india neovita a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial
    The Lancet, 2015
    Co-Authors: Sarmila Mazumder, Sunita Taneja, Kiran Bhatia, Sachiyo Yoshida, Jasmine Kaur, Brinda Dube, G S Toteja, Rajiv Bahl, Olivier Fontaine, Jose Martines
    Abstract:

    Summary Background Vitamin A supplementation in children aged 6 months to 5 years has been shown to reduce mortality. The efficacy of neonatal supplementation with vitamin A to reduce mortality in the first 6 months of life is plausible but not established. We aimed to assess the efficacy of neonatal oral supplementation with vitamin A to reduce mortality between supplementation and 6 months of age. Methods We undertook an individually randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Haryana, India. We identified pregnant women through a surveillance programme undertaken every 3 months of all female residents in two districts of Haryana, India, aged 15–49 years, and screened every identified livebirth. Eligible participants were neonates whose parents consented to participate, were likely to stay in the study area until at least 6 months of age, and were able to feed orally at the time of enrolment. Participants were randomly assigned to receive oral capsules containing vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate 50 000 IU plus vitamin E 9·5–12·6 IU) or placebo (vitamin E 9·5–12·6 IU) within 72 h of birth. Randomisation was in blocks of 20 according to a randomisation list prepared by a statistician not otherwise involved with the trial. Investigators, participants' families, and the data analysis team were masked to treatment allocation. The primary outcome was mortality between supplementation and 6 months of age. Analysis included all participants assigned to study groups. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01138449, and the Indian Council of Medical Research Clinical Trial Registry, number CTRI/2010/091/000220. Findings Between June 24, 2010, and July 1, 2012 we screened 47 777 neonates and randomly assigned 44 984 to receive vitamin A (22 493) or placebo (22 491). Between supplementation and 6 months of age, 656 infants died in the vitamin A group compared with 726 in the placebo group (29·2 per 1000 vs 32·3 per 1000; difference −3·1 per 1000, 95% CI −6·3 to 0·1; risk ratio 0·90, 95% CI 0·81 to 1·00). We noted no significant interactions between the intervention effect and sex on mortality at 6 months (p=0·409). Supplementation with 50 000 IU vitamin A within the first 72 h of life was generally safe and well tolerated, with the exception of a small excess risk of transient bulging fontanelle (205 cases in the vitamin A group confirmed by physician vs 80 cases in the placebo group, risk ratio 2·56 [95% CI 1·98–3·32]). Interpretation The findings of this study, done in a population in which vitamin A deficiency is a moderate public health problem, are consistent with a modest reduction in mortality between supplementation and 6 months of age. These findings must be viewed together with similar trials in other populations to enable determination of appropriate public health policy. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to WHO.

Martines Jose - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Efficacy of early neonatal supplementation with vitamin A to reduce mortality in infancy in Haryana, India (Neovita): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    Elsevier, 2015
    Co-Authors: Mazumder Sarmila, Taneja Sunita, Bhatia Kiran, Yoshida Sachiyo, Kaur Jasmine, Dube Brinda, Toteja G. S., Bahl Rajiv, Fontaine Olivier, Martines Jose
    Abstract:

    Background: Vitamin A supplementation in children aged 6 months to 5 years has been shown to reduce mortality. The efficacy of neonatal supplementation with vitamin A to reduce mortality in the first 6 months of life is plausible but not established. We aimed to assess the efficacy of neonatal oral supplementation with vitamin A to reduce mortality between supplementation and 6 months of age. Methods: We undertook an individually randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Haryana, India. We identified pregnant women through a surveillance programme undertaken every 3 months of all female residents in two districts of Haryana, India, aged 15–49 years, and screened every identified livebirth. Eligible participants were neonates whose parents consented to participate, were likely to stay in the study area until at least 6 months of age, and were able to feed orally at the time of enrolment. Participants were randomly assigned to receive oral capsules containing vitamin A (Retinol Palmitate 50 000 IU plus vitamin E 9·5–12·6 IU) or placebo (vitamin E 9·5–12·6 IU) within 72 h of birth. Randomisation was in blocks of 20 according to a randomisation list prepared by a statistician not otherwise involved with the trial. Investigators, participants' families, and the data analysis team were masked to treatment allocation. The primary outcome was mortality between supplementation and 6 months of age. Analysis included all participants assigned to study groups. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01138449, and the Indian Council of Medical Research Clinical Trial Registry, number CTRI/2010/091/000220. Findings: Between June 24, 2010, and July 1, 2012 we screened 47 777 neonates and randomly assigned 44 984 to receive vitamin A (22 493) or placebo (22 491). Between supplementation and 6 months of age, 656 infants died in the vitamin A group compared with 726 in the placebo group (29·2 per 1000 vs 32·3 per 1000; difference −3·1 per 1000, 95% CI −6·3 to 0·1; risk ratio 0·90, 95% CI 0·81 to 1·00). We noted no significant interactions between the intervention effect and sex on mortality at 6 months (p=0·409). Supplementation with 50 000 IU vitamin A within the first 72 h of life was generally safe and well tolerated, with the exception of a small excess risk of transient bulging fontanelle (205 cases in the vitamin A group confirmed by physician vs 80 cases in the placebo group, risk ratio 2·56 [95% CI 1·98–3·32]). Interpretation: The findings of this study, done in a population in which vitamin A deficiency is a moderate public health problem, are consistent with a modest reduction in mortality between supplementation and 6 months of age. These findings must be viewed together with similar trials in other populations to enable determination of appropriate public health policy