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Christian Dustmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the dynamics of Return Migration human capital accumulation and wage assimilation
Research Papers in Economics, 2021Co-Authors: Jerome Adda, Christian Dustmann, Josephsimon GoerlachAbstract:This paper develops and estimates a dynamic model where individuals differ in ability and location preference to evaluate the mechanisms that affect the evolution of immigrants' careers in conjunction with their re-Migration plans. Our analysis highlights a novel form of selective Return Migration where those who plan to stay longer invest more into skill acquisition, with important implications for the assessment of immigrants' career paths and the estimation of their earnings profiles. Our study also explains the willingness of immigrants to accept jobs at wages that seem unacceptable to natives. Finally, our model provides important insight for the design of Migration policies, showing that policies which initially restrict residence or condition residence on achievement shape not only immigrants' career profiles through their impact on human capital investment but also determine the selection of arrivals and leavers.
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Return Migration human capital accumulation and the brain drain
2010Co-Authors: Christian Dustmann, Itzhak Fadlon, Yoram WeissAbstract:In this paper we present a model that explains Migrations as decisions that respond to where human capital can be acquired more efficiently, and where the Return to human capital is highest. The basic framework is a dynamic Roy model in which a worker possesses two distinct skills that can be augmented by learning by doing. There are different implicit prices, in different countries and different rates of skill accumulation. Our analysis contributes to the literature on the selection of immigrants and Return migrants by offering a richer framework that may help to accommodate selection of emigrants and Return migrants that are not immediately compatible with the one-dimensional skill model. Our analysis also has implications for the debate on brain drain and brain gain. In the two skills model presented here, Return Migration can lead to a mitigation of the brain drain, or even the creation of a "brain gain", where those who Return bring the home country augmented local skills.
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Return Migration, investment in children, and intergenerational mobility - Comparing sons of foreign- and native-born fathers
J HUM RESOUR, 2008Co-Authors: Christian DustmannAbstract:This paper studies parental investment in education and intergenerational earnings mobility for father-son pairs with native- and foreign-born fathers. We illustrate within a simple model that for immigrants, investment in their children is related to their Return Migration probability. In our empirical analysis, we include a measure for Return probabilities, based on repeated information about migrants' Return intentions. Our results suggest that educational investments in the son are positively associated with a higher probability of a permanent Migration of the father. We also find that the son's permanent wages are positively associated with the probability of the father's permanent Migration.
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Return Migration investment in children and intergenerational mobility comparing sons of foreign and native born fathers
2007Co-Authors: Christian DustmannAbstract:This paper studies parental investment in education and intergenerational earnings mobility for father-son pairs with native and foreign born fathers. We illustrate within a simple model that for immigrants, investment in their children is related to their Return Migration probability. In our empirical analysis, we include a measure for Return probabilities, based on repeated information about migrants' Return intentions. Our results suggest that educational investments in the son are positively associated with a higher probability of a permanent Migration of the father. We also find that the son's permanent wages are positively associated with the probability of the father's permanent Migration. Keywords: Intergenerational mobility, Return intentions, educational investment, earnings.
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Return Migration theory and empirical evidence
Research Papers in Economics, 2007Co-Authors: Christian Dustmann, Y WeissAbstract:In this paper we discuss forms of Migration that are non-permanent. We focus on temporary Migrations where the decision to Return is taken by the immigrant. These Migrations are likely to be frequent, and we provide some evidence for the UK. We then develop a simple model which rationalizes the decision of a migrant to Return to his home country, despite a persistently higher wage in the host country. We consider three motives for a temporary Migration: Differences in relative prices in host- and home country, complementarities between consumption and the location where consumption takes place, and the possibility of accumulating human capital abroad which enhances the immigrant's earnings potential back home. For the last Return motive, we discuss extensions which allow for immigrant heterogeneity, and develop implications for selective in- and out- Migration.
Jackline Wahba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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upward or downward occupational mobility and Return Migration
Research Papers in Economics, 2016Co-Authors: Nelly Elmallakh, Jackline WahbaAbstract:We study the extent to which temporary overseas Migration enables Returnees to climb the occupational ladder. Using data from Egypt, we examine the occupational mobility of Returnees relative to non-migrants for the same labor market entrants’ cohort. We rely on instrumental variable approach but also employ a Difference-in-Differences, as well as Difference-in-Differences matching techniques to control for the endogeneity and selection into Migration. We find evidence that Return Migration increases the probability of upward occupational mobility. However, the results suggest that only highly educated Returnees climb the occupational ladder after Return. Our findings underscore the role played by temporary overseas work experience in dampening potential brain drain concerns through the human capital enhancement of high educated Return migrants.
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Selection, selection, selection: the impact of Return Migration
Journal of Population Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Jackline WahbaAbstract:The evidence on the impact of Return Migration on the sending country is rather sparse, though growing. The contribution of this paper is in addressing various selectivity problems while quantifying the impact of Return Migration on wages of Returnees using non-experimental data. Using Egyptian household-level survey data, I estimate the wages of Return migrants controlling for several selectivity biases arising from eMigration choice, Return Migration choice, labor force participation choice, and occupational choice following Return. The findings provide strong evidence that overseas temporary Migration results in a wage premium upon Return, even after controlling for the various potential selection biases. However, the estimates underscore the significance of controlling for both eMigration and Return Migration selections. Ignoring the double selectivity in Migration would overestimate the impact of Return Migration on the wage premium of Returnees, as migrants are positively selected relative to non-migrants, but Returnees are negatively selected among migrants.
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Selection, selection, selection: the impact of Return Migration
Journal of Population Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Jackline WahbaAbstract:The evidence on the impact of Return Migration on the sending country is rather sparse, though growing. The contribution of this paper is in addressing various selectivity problems while quantifying the impact of Return Migration on wages of Returnees using non-experimental data. Using Egyptian household-level survey data, I estimate the wages of Return migrants controlling for several selectivity biases arising from eMigration choice, Return Migration choice, labor force participation choice, and occupational choice following Return. The findings provide strong evidence that overseas temporary Migration results in a wage premium upon Return, even after controlling for the various potential selection biases. However, the estimates underscore the significance of controlling for both eMigration and Return Migration selections. Ignoring the double selectivity in Migration would overestimate the impact of Return Migration on the wage premium of Returnees, as migrants are positively selected relative to non-migrants, but Returnees are negatively selected among migrants.
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the impact of labour market dynamics on the Return Migration of immigrants
Research Papers in Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Govert E Bijwaard, Christian Schluter, Jackline WahbaAbstract:Using administrative panel data on the entire population of new labour immigrants to The Netherlands, we estimate the causal effects of labour dynamics on their Return decisions. Specifically, the roles of unemployment and re-employment spells on imMigration durations are examined. The endogeneity of labour market outcomes and the Return Migration decision, if ignored, confounds the causal effect. This empirical challenge is addressed using the “timing-of-events†method. We estimate the model separately for distinct immigrant groups, and find that, overall, unemployment spells shorten imMigration durations, while re-employment spells delay Returns for all but one group. The magnitude of the causal effect differ across groups.
Maggie R Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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immigrants earnings growth and Return Migration from the u s examining their determinants using linked survey and administrative data
Social Science Research Network, 2019Co-Authors: Randall Akee, Maggie R JonesAbstract:Author(s): Akee, Randall; Jones, Maggie R | Abstract: Using a novel panel data set of recent immigrants to the U.S. (2005–2007) from individual-level linked U.S. Census Bureau survey data and Internal Revenue Service administrative records, we identify the determinants of Return Migration and earnings assimilation. We show that by 10 years after arrival almost 40 percent have Return migrated. We show, for the first time, that Return migrants experience downward earnings mobility over two to three years prior to their Return Migration. This finding suggests that economic shocks are closely related to eMigration decisions. As a result, standard calculations of immigrants earnings growth may be understated.
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immigrants earnings growth and Return Migration from the u s examining their determinants using linked survey and administrative data
National Bureau of Economic Research, 2019Co-Authors: Randall Akee, Maggie R JonesAbstract:Using a novel panel data set of recent immigrants to the U.S. (2005–2007) from individual-level linked U.S. Census Bureau survey data and Internal Revenue Service administrative records, we identify the determinants of Return Migration and earnings assimilation. We show that by 10 years after arrival almost 40 percent have Return migrated. We show, for the first time, that Return migrants experience downward earnings mobility over two to three years prior to their Return Migration. This finding suggests that economic shocks are closely related to eMigration decisions. As a result, standard calculations of immigrants earnings growth may be understated.
Oded Stark - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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migrants savings purchasing power parity and the optimal duration of Migration
Economics Series, 1997Co-Authors: Oded Stark, Christian Helmenstein, Yuri YegorovAbstract:If some of the Returns to Migration accrue from Return Migration, the optimal duration of Migration may be shorter than the feasible duration of Migration. We develop a model that provides and highlights conditions under which Return Migration takes place even though a reversal of the inter-country wage differential does not occur. In particular, we consider the higher purchasing power of savings (generated from work abroad) at home than abroad as a motive for Return Migration. Inter alia, our model produces a negative relationship between the optimal duration of Migration and the purchasing power differential and in some (but not all) cases, a negative relationship between the optimal duration of Migration and the wage abroad. In addition, and contrary to our prior anticipation, our utility maximization analysis suggests that East-West Migration will tend to be temporary while inter-European Community (or intra-West European) Migration will likely be permanent.
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the probability of Return Migration migrants work effort and migrants performance
Journal of Development Economics, 1991Co-Authors: Oded Galor, Oded StarkAbstract:Abstract This paper demonstrates that differences in earnings between migrants and the native population may reflect differences in incentives rather than differences in characteristics. The analysis indicates that in the presence of a positive probability of Return Migration, migrants' work effort is higher than that of comparable native-born workers. This differential may explain why, even if all workers are perfectly homogeneous in skills, migrants often outperform the native-born workers in the receiving economy.
Næsje Tor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Return Migration of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) to northern Norway
Oxford University Press, 2017Co-Authors: Ulvan, Eva Marita, Foldvik Anders, Jensen, Arne Johan, Finstad Bengt, Thorstad, Eva Bonsak, Rikardsen, Audun H., Næsje TorAbstract:The Return Migration of adult Atlantic salmon was investigated by analysing recaptures of individuals tagged and released as smolts in the River Altaelva and the River Halselva using a catch per unit effort approach. Although the salmon were recaptured over a large area along the coastline (from >1100 km south to>500 km northeast of their home rivers), the results indicated a relatively accurate homeward navigation for most individuals. The straying rate to rivers other than the home river was 9%. Multi-sea-winter salmon Returned earlier in the season than one-sea-winter salmon, but the geographical distribution of recaptures did not differ. Recaptures were equally distributed north and south of the home rivers, implying that salmon were arriving to the coast both north and south of their home rivers and that they may have Returned from different ocean areas. This was supported by the fact that several salmon were recaptured in both the southern and northern parts of the North Atlantic Ocean, including at the Faroes, south coast of Greenland, Svalbard and in the Barents Sea. This study supports the hypothesis that the coastal phase of the natal homing in migrating fish species is neither passive nor guided by currents alone. Atlantic salmon, coastal areas, CPUE, Return migratio
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Return Migration of adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) to northern Norway
'Oxford University Press (OUP)', 2017Co-Authors: Ulvan, Eva Marita, Foldvik Anders, Jensen, Arne Johan, Finstad Bengt, Thorstad, Eva Bonsak, Rikardsen, Audun H., Næsje TorAbstract:Accepted manuscript version. Published version available in ICES Journal of Marine Science (2017), 75(2), pp. 653–661 The Return Migration of adult Atlantic salmon was investigated by analysing recaptures of individuals tagged and released as smolts in the River Altaelva and the River Halselva using a catch per unit effort approach. Although the salmon were recaptured over a large area along the coastline (from >1100 km south to>500 km northeast of their home rivers), the results indicated a relatively accurate homeward navigation for most individuals. The straying rate to rivers other than the home river was 9%. Multi-sea-winter salmon Returned earlier in the season than one-sea-winter salmon, but the geographical distribution of recaptures did not differ. Recaptures were equally distributed north and south of the home rivers, implying that salmon were arriving to the coast both north and south of their home rivers and that they may have Returned from different ocean areas. This was supported by the fact that several salmon were recaptured in both the southern and northern parts of the North Atlantic Ocean, including at the Faroes, south coast of Greenland, Svalbard and in the Barents Sea. This study supports the hypothesis that the coastal phase of the natal homing in migrating fish species is neither passive nor guided by currents alone. Atlantic salmon, coastal areas, CPUE, Return migratio
