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Cristina Manferdini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Supplementary_material_with_revision – Supplemental material for 3D gelatin-chitosan hybrid hydrogels combined with human platelet lysate highly support human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation
2019Co-Authors: Luciana Sartore, Vladimira Moulisova, Marco Cantini, Camillo Almici, Andrea Bianchetti, Clizia Chinello, Kamol Dey, Silvia Agnelli, Cristina ManferdiniAbstract:Supplemental material, Supplementary_material_with_revision for 3D gelatin-chitosan hybrid hydrogels combined with human platelet lysate highly support human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by Federica Re, Luciana Sartore, Vladimira Moulisova, Marco Cantini, Camillo Almici, Andrea Bianchetti, Clizia Chinello, Kamol Dey, Silvia Agnelli, Cristina Manferdini, Simona Bernardi, Nicola F. Lopomo, Emilio Sardini, Elisa Borsani, Luigi F. Rodella, Fabio Savoldi, Corrado Paganelli, Pierangelo Guizzi, Gina Lisignoli, Fulvio Magni, Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez and Domenico Russo in Journal of Tissue Engineering
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Supplementary_Table_1_rev – Supplemental material for 3D gelatin-chitosan hybrid hydrogels combined with human platelet lysate highly support human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation
2019Co-Authors: Luciana Sartore, Vladimira Moulisova, Marco Cantini, Camillo Almici, Andrea Bianchetti, Clizia Chinello, Kamol Dey, Silvia Agnelli, Cristina ManferdiniAbstract:Supplemental material, Supplementary_Table_1_rev for 3D gelatin-chitosan hybrid hydrogels combined with human platelet lysate highly support human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by Federica Re, Luciana Sartore, Vladimira Moulisova, Marco Cantini, Camillo Almici, Andrea Bianchetti, Clizia Chinello, Kamol Dey, Silvia Agnelli, Cristina Manferdini, Simona Bernardi, Nicola F. Lopomo, Emilio Sardini, Elisa Borsani, Luigi F. Rodella, Fabio Savoldi, Corrado Paganelli, Pierangelo Guizzi, Gina Lisignoli, Fulvio Magni, Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez and Domenico Russo in Journal of Tissue Engineering
Timothy Y. James - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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morphology ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny of Rozella multimorpha a new species in cryptomycota
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Peter M Letcher, Timothy Y. James, Domingos Da Silva Leite, Joyce E Longcore, David Rabern Simmons, Martha J PowellAbstract:Increasing numbers of sequences of basal fungi from environmental DNA studies are being deposited in public databases. Many of these sequences remain unclassified below the phylum level because sequence information from identified species is sparse. Lack of basic biological knowledge due to a dearth of identified species is extreme in Cryptomycota, a new phylum widespread in the environment and phylogenetically basal within the fungal lineage. Consequently, we are attempting to fill gaps in the knowledge of Rozella, the best-known genus in this lineage. Rozella is a genus of unwalled, holocarpic, endobiotic parasites of hosts including Chytridiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Oomycota, Basidiomycota, and a green alga, with most species descriptions based on morphology and host specificity. We found a Rozella parasitizing a Pythium host that was a saprobe on spruce pollen bait placed with an aquatic sample. We characterized the parasite with light microscopy, TEM of its zoospores and sporangia, and its 18S/28S rDNA. Comparison with other Rozella species indicates that the new isolate differs morphologically, ultrastructurally, and genetically from Rozella species for which we have data. Features of the zoospore also differ from those of previously studied species. Herein we describe the Rozella as a new species, R. multimorpha.
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ultrastructural characterization of the host parasite interface between allomyces anomalus blastocladiomycota and Rozella allomycis cryptomycota
Fungal Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Martha J Powell, Peter M Letcher, Timothy Y. JamesAbstract:Rozella allomycis is an obligate endoparasite of the water mold Allomyces and a member of a clade (= Opisthosporidia) sister to the traditional Fungi. Gaining insights into Rozella's development as a phylogenetically pivotal endoparasite can aid our understanding of structural adaptations and evolution of the Opisthosporidia clade, especially within the context of genomic information. The purpose of this study is to characterize the interface between R. allomycis and Allomyces anomalus. Electron microscopy of developing plasmodia of R. allomycis in host hyphae shows that the interface consists of three-membrane layers, interpreted as the parasite's plasma membrane (inner one layer) and a host cisterna (outer two layers). As sporangial and resting spore plasmodia develop, host mitochondria typically cluster at the surface of the parasite and eventually align parallel to the three-membrane layered interface. The parasite's mitochondria have only a few cristae and the mitochondrial matrix is sparse, clearly distinguishing parasite mitochondria from those of the host. Consistent with the expected organellar topology if the parasite plasmodia phagocytize host cytoplasm, phagocytic vacuoles are at first bounded by three-membrane layers with host-type mitochondria lining the inner membrane. Thus, Rozella's nutrition, at least in part, is phagotrophic in contrast to osmotrophic nutrition of traditional fungi.
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ARTICLES Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny
2016Co-Authors: Timothy Y. James, Frank Kauff, Gail Celio, Emily Fraker, Jolanta Miadlikowska, Thorsten H Lumbsch, Conrad L. Schoch, Cymon J. Cox, Ra RauhutAbstract:The ancestors of fungi are believed to be simple aquatic forms with flagellated spores, similar to members of the extant phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids). Current classifications assume that chytrids form an early-diverging clade within the kingdom Fungi and imply a single loss of the spore flagellum, leading to the diversification of terrestrial fungi. Here we develop phylogenetic hypotheses for Fungi using data from six gene regions and nearly 200 species. Our results indicate that theremay have been at least four independent losses of the flagellum in the kingdomFungi. These losses of swimming spores coincidedwith the evolution of newmechanisms of spore dispersal, such as aerial dispersal inmycelial groups and polar tube eversion in the microsporidia (unicellular forms that lack mitochondria). The enigmatic microsporidia seem to be derived from an endoparasitic chytrid ancestor similar to Rozella allomycis, on the earliest diverging branch of the fungal phylogenetic tree. Fungi, Viridiplantae andAnimalia are all large clades descended fro
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Morphological, molecular, and ultrastructural characterization of Rozella rhizoclosmatii, a new species in Cryptomycota.
Fungal Biology, 2016Co-Authors: C. Alisha Quandt, Domingos Da Silva Leite, Timothy Y. JamesAbstract:Abstract Rozella is a genus of unwalled endoparasites of a variety of hosts including Oomycota (Stramenopiles), Blastocladiomycota and Chytridiomycota (Fungi), and one green alga ( Coleochaete , Chlorophyceae). It currently includes more than 20 formally described species, and no new species of Rozella have been described since 1987. We discovered a new Rozella species parasitizing Rhizoclosmatium globosum (Chytridiales, Chytridiomycota) and investigated its morphology, ultrastructure, and phylogenetic position. Herein named as Rozella rhizoclosmatii sp. nov., the organism induces hypertrophy of the host. Its zoospore is ultrastructurally similar to that of Rozella allomycis , although it has a unique zoospore ultrastructural feature, a lattice of perpendicular rods about the nucleus. The 18S rDNA molecular sequence of R. rhizoclosmatii is similar to that of the previously sequenced ‘ Rozella ex Rhizoclosmatium ’. This is the first study to inclusively characterize a new species of Rozella with morphological, ultrastructural and molecular data. As this is only the second Rozella species to be examined ultrastructurally, and because it is parasitic on a member of Chytridiomycota and not Blastocladiomycota, this research supports the conservative nature of zoospore ultrastructure to help define the genus.
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shared signatures of parasitism and phylogenomics unite cryptomycota and microsporidia
Current Biology, 2013Co-Authors: Timothy Y. James, Adrian Pelin, Linda Bonen, Steven R Ahrendt, Divya Sain, Nicolas Corradi, Jason E StajichAbstract:Summary Fungi grow within their food, externally digesting it and absorbing nutrients across a semirigid chitinous cell wall. Members of the new phylum Cryptomycota were proposed to represent intermediate fungal forms, lacking a chitinous cell wall during feeding and known almost exclusively from ubiquitous environmental ribosomal RNA sequences that cluster at the base of the fungal tree [1, 2]. Here, we sequence the first Cryptomycotan genome (the water mold endoparasite Rozella allomycis ) and unite the Cryptomycota with another group of endoparasites, the microsporidia, based on phylogenomics and shared genomic traits. We propose that Cryptomycota and microsporidia share a common endoparasitic ancestor, with the clade unified by a chitinous cell wall used to develop turgor pressure in the infection process [3, 4]. Shared genomic elements include a nucleotide transporter that is used by microsporidia for stealing energy in the form of ATP from their hosts [5]. Rozella harbors a mitochondrion that contains a very rapidly evolving genome and lacks complex I of the respiratory chain. These degenerate features are offset by the presence of nuclear genes for alternative respiratory pathways. The Rozella proteome has not undergone major contraction like microsporidia; instead, several classes have undergone expansion, such as host-effector, signal-transduction, and folding proteins.
Martha J Powell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A taxonomic summary and revision of Rozella (Cryptomycota)
IMA Fungus, 2018Co-Authors: Peter M Letcher, Martha J PowellAbstract:Rozella is a genus of endoparasites of a broad range of hosts. Most species are known by their morphology and host specificity, while only three have been examined ultrastructurally and had portions of their genome sequenced. Determined in molecular phylogenies to be the earliest diverging lineage in kingdom Fungi , Rozella currently nests among an abundance of environmental sequences in phylum Cryptomycota , superphylum Opisthosporidia . Here we briefly summarize a history of Rozella , provide descriptions of all species, and include a key to the species of Rozella .
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morphology ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny of Rozella multimorpha a new species in cryptomycota
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Peter M Letcher, Timothy Y. James, Domingos Da Silva Leite, Joyce E Longcore, David Rabern Simmons, Martha J PowellAbstract:Increasing numbers of sequences of basal fungi from environmental DNA studies are being deposited in public databases. Many of these sequences remain unclassified below the phylum level because sequence information from identified species is sparse. Lack of basic biological knowledge due to a dearth of identified species is extreme in Cryptomycota, a new phylum widespread in the environment and phylogenetically basal within the fungal lineage. Consequently, we are attempting to fill gaps in the knowledge of Rozella, the best-known genus in this lineage. Rozella is a genus of unwalled, holocarpic, endobiotic parasites of hosts including Chytridiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Oomycota, Basidiomycota, and a green alga, with most species descriptions based on morphology and host specificity. We found a Rozella parasitizing a Pythium host that was a saprobe on spruce pollen bait placed with an aquatic sample. We characterized the parasite with light microscopy, TEM of its zoospores and sporangia, and its 18S/28S rDNA. Comparison with other Rozella species indicates that the new isolate differs morphologically, ultrastructurally, and genetically from Rozella species for which we have data. Features of the zoospore also differ from those of previously studied species. Herein we describe the Rozella as a new species, R. multimorpha.
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ultrastructural characterization of the host parasite interface between allomyces anomalus blastocladiomycota and Rozella allomycis cryptomycota
Fungal Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Martha J Powell, Peter M Letcher, Timothy Y. JamesAbstract:Rozella allomycis is an obligate endoparasite of the water mold Allomyces and a member of a clade (= Opisthosporidia) sister to the traditional Fungi. Gaining insights into Rozella's development as a phylogenetically pivotal endoparasite can aid our understanding of structural adaptations and evolution of the Opisthosporidia clade, especially within the context of genomic information. The purpose of this study is to characterize the interface between R. allomycis and Allomyces anomalus. Electron microscopy of developing plasmodia of R. allomycis in host hyphae shows that the interface consists of three-membrane layers, interpreted as the parasite's plasma membrane (inner one layer) and a host cisterna (outer two layers). As sporangial and resting spore plasmodia develop, host mitochondria typically cluster at the surface of the parasite and eventually align parallel to the three-membrane layered interface. The parasite's mitochondria have only a few cristae and the mitochondrial matrix is sparse, clearly distinguishing parasite mitochondria from those of the host. Consistent with the expected organellar topology if the parasite plasmodia phagocytize host cytoplasm, phagocytic vacuoles are at first bounded by three-membrane layers with host-type mitochondria lining the inner membrane. Thus, Rozella's nutrition, at least in part, is phagotrophic in contrast to osmotrophic nutrition of traditional fungi.
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Characterization of Amoeboaphelidium protococcarum, an Algal Parasite New to the Cryptomycota Isolated from an Outdoor Algal Pond Used for the Production of Biofuel
2013Co-Authors: Peter M Letcher, Martha J Powell, Salvador Lopez, Robert Schmieder, Philip A. Lee, Craig Behnke, Robert C. McbrideAbstract:Mass culture of algae for the production of biofuels is a developing technology designed to offset the depletion of fossil fuel reserves. However, large scale culture of algae in open ponds can be challenging because of incidences of infestation with algal parasites. Without knowledge of the identity of the specific parasite and how to control these pests, algal-based biofuel production will be limited. We have characterized a eukaryotic parasite of Scenedesmus dimorphus growing in outdoor ponds used for biofuel production. We demonstrated that as the genomic DNA of parasite FD01 increases, the concentration of S. dimorphus cells decreases; consequently, this is a highly destructive pathogen. Techniques for culture of the parasite and host were developed, and the endoparasite was identified as the Aphelidea, Amoeboaphelidium protococcarum. Phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal sequences revealed that parasite FD01 placed within the recently described Cryptomycota, a poorly known phylum based on two species of Rozella and environmental samples. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that aplanospores of the parasite produced filose pseudopodia, which contained fine fibers the diameter of actin microfilaments. Multiple lipid globules clustered and were associated with microbodies, mitochondria and a membrane cisternae, an arrangement characteristic of the microbody-lipid globule complex of chytrid zoospores. After encystment and attachment to the host cells, the parasite injected its protoplast into the host between the host cell wall and plasma membrane. At maturity the unwalled parasite occupied the entire host cell. After cleavage of the protoplast into aplanospores, a vacuole and lipids remained in the host cell. Amoeboaphelidium protococcarum isolate FD01 is characteristic of the original description of this species and is different from strain X-5 recently characterized. Our results help put a face on the Cryptomycota, revealing that the phylum is more diverse than previously understood and include some of the Aphelidea as well as Rozella species and potentially Microsporidia.
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A molecular phylogeny of the flagellated fungi (Chytridiomycota) and description of a new phylum (Blastocladiomycota).
Mycologia, 2006Co-Authors: Timothy Y. James, David Porter, Joyce E Longcore, Peter M Letcher, Sharon E. Mozley-standridge, Gareth W. Griffith, Martha J Powell, Rytas VilgalysAbstract:Chytridiomycota (chytrids) is the only phylum of true Fungi that reproduces with motile spores (zoospores). Chytrids currently are classified into five orders based on habitat, zoospore characters and life cycles. In this paper we estimate the phylogeny of the chytrids with DNA sequences from the ribosomal RNA operon (18S+5.8S+28S subunits). To our surprise the morphologically reduced para- sites Olpidium and Rozella comprise two entirely new, and separate, lineages on the fungal tree. Olpidium brassicae groups among the Zygomycota, and Rozella spp. are the earliest branch to diverge in the fungal kingdom. The phylogeny also suggests that Chytri- diomycota is not monophyletic and there are four major lineages of chytrids: Rozella spp., Olpidium brassicae, the Blastocladiales and a ''core chytrid clade'' containing the remaining orders and families and the majority of flagellated fungi. Within the core chytrid group 11 subclades can be identified, each of which correlates well with zoospore ultrastructure or morphology. We provide a synopsis of each clade and its morphological circumscription. The Blastocla- diales appears to be the sister taxon of most nonflagellated fungi. Based on molecular phyloge- netic and ultrastructural characters this order is elevated to a phylum, the Blastocladiomycota.
Umi Nurul Jannah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimasi formulasi krim antioksidan ekstrak rosella hibiscus sabdariffa l dengan menggunakan basis vanishing cream mengandung vco virgin coconut oil dengan humectan gliserin
2017Co-Authors: Umi Nurul JannahAbstract:Pendahuluan : Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) adalah sumber antioksidan alami karena mengandung senyawa antosianin. Antioksidan digunakan untuk melindungi kulit dari kerusakan akibat radikal bebas diantaranya radiasi, polusi, asap rokok, dan paparan sinar matahari yang berlebihan. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar ekstrak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) pada konsentrasi FI (2,5%), FII(5%),dan FIII (10%) dengan basismengandung VCO terhadap orgnanoleptis, karakteristik fisika dan kimia sebagai sediaan krim antioksidan. Metode :Menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak bunga rosella melalui peredaman DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil).Bunga rosella diekstrak secara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Ekstrak bunga rosella dibuat kedalam sediaan krim basis minyak dalam air (m/a) dengan menggunakan emulgator (Tween 80 Span 20) yang mengandung VCO dan menggunakan humektan gliserin. Pada sediaan krim dilakukan evaluasi meliputi tipe emulsi, daya sebar, dan viskositas. Hasil dan Kesimpulan : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak bunga rosella memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, dengan nilai IC50ekstrak bunga rosella 76,889 μg/ml. Hasil pemeriksaan organoleptis semua formula memiliki tekstur lembut, bau khas minya kelapa, dan berwarna kecoklatan. Hasil analisis statistik dengan One-Way Anova, didapatkan hasil terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada evaluasi pH untuk FI (6,13±0,06), FII (5,16±0,06), FIII (4,53±0,05), pada daya sebar untuk FI (0,9810±0,02), FII (0,9016±0,19), FIII (1,0913±0,04) dan viskositas untuk FI (9200±200 mPas), FII (14266±230,94 mPas), FIII (16133,33±115,47 mPas).
Faranita Churul Aini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimasi formulasi krim antioksidan ekstrak rosella hibiscus sabdariffa l dengan menggunakan basis vanishing cream mengandung vco virgin coconut oil dengan menggunakan humektan propilen glikol
2017Co-Authors: Faranita Churul AiniAbstract:Pendahuluan : Senyawa radikal bebas dapat dikurangi dengan memanfaatkan peran senyawa antioksidan, salah satu bahan antioksidan alami ialah flavonoid yang terkandung dalam ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Sediaan antioksidan dibuat dalam bentuk Vanishing krim dengan menggunakan humektan propilen glikol. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui aktifitas antioksidan ekstrak rosella (2,5%, 5%, dan 10%) terhadap formulasi krim yang dapat memberikan karakteristik fisik (viskositas,daya sebar), kimia (pH) dan organoleptis pada sediaan krim ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Metode : Evaluasi sediaan krim dilakukan dengan melakukan pengujian organoleptis karakteristik fisik dan kimia ( pH, viskositas, daya sebar), pada sedan krim dan daya antioksidan pada ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) dengan menggunakan metode peredaman DPPH Hasil dan Kesimpulan : Hasil penelitian, secara organoleptis sediaan krim memiliki tekstur yang lembut dan berwarna kecoklatan. Untuk hasil uji daya sebar dan uji viskositas terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna tetapi pada uji pH tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Untuk daya antioksidan ektstrak kelopak bunga rosella mempunyai efek yang aktif dengan nilai IC50 76,889. (One-Way Anova, α = 0,05)
