The Experts below are selected from a list of 186 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A Shafiei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Wild Type Rubella Virus isolated in Iran
Iranian Journal of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: N Bordbar, G Habibi, A ShafieiAbstract:Background and Aims: Rubella Virus is a human pathogen that causes congenital Rubella syndrome (CRS) when infection occurs during early pregnancy. Vaccination programs have been remarkably successful in controlling natural Rubella infection and CRS. Moreover, ongoing surveillance for all cases of Rubella and CRS is a vital component of a prevention program. Although the WHO recommends the use of molecular epidemiology, little is known about circulating strains and genotypes of Rubella Virus (RUBV) in Iran. This study was designed to analyze the genetic characteristics of the wild type isolated in Iran. Methods: The partial E1 gene was amplified from the isolated Iran MF Rubella Virus and Takahashi vaccine strain in comparison with 22 reference strains. The sequence of the E1 gene of the Rubella Virus isolate was compared by phylogenic analysis. Results: Nucleic acid sequencing confirmed the isolated Virus was Rubella (96 % identity in 784 bases) the sequence was subsequently submitted and registered to the GenBank with accession number DQ975202. The created phylogenetic tree of Rubella Virus reference sequences showed that the isolated MF Rubella Virus was classified into genotype 2B. Conclusion: Based on our data, this is the first report of Rubella Virus genotyping in Iran. The history of some eradicated viral diseases shows that us how molecular tools are helpful in surveillance. However, more comprehensive molecular epidemiologic studies are required in order to reach Rubella Virus elimination goal.
Ma Yan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetic characterization of wild-type Rubella Virus isolated in Liaoning province
Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2011Co-Authors: Ma YanAbstract:Objective To analyze genetic characterization of Rubella Virus isolated in Liaoning province and to provide scientific basis for Rubella control and elimination.Methods Vero/Slam cells were used for Rubella Virus isolation and 22 Rubella Viruses were isolated from the specimens collected from Rubella outbreaks and sporadic patients during 2007-2008.The fragments containing 739 nucleotides of E1 genes from 22 Rubella Virus isolates were amplified with RT-PCR method.The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed with WHO Rubella reference strains downloaded from Genbank.Results The results of homology and phylogenetic analyses based on 739 nucleotides showed that 22 Rubella Virus strains belong to 1E genotype.Twenty-two strains showed a nucleotide acids and amino acid similarity of 97.6%-100.0% and 99.1%-100.0%.Compared to the 1E reference strains,nucleotide acids and amino acid similarity were 97.0%-99.1% and 99.1%-100.0%.Conclusion The results suggest that 1E genotype of Rubella Virus is the predominance genotype in Liaoning province.
N Bordbar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Wild Type Rubella Virus isolated in Iran
Iranian Journal of Virology, 2010Co-Authors: N Bordbar, G Habibi, A ShafieiAbstract:Background and Aims: Rubella Virus is a human pathogen that causes congenital Rubella syndrome (CRS) when infection occurs during early pregnancy. Vaccination programs have been remarkably successful in controlling natural Rubella infection and CRS. Moreover, ongoing surveillance for all cases of Rubella and CRS is a vital component of a prevention program. Although the WHO recommends the use of molecular epidemiology, little is known about circulating strains and genotypes of Rubella Virus (RUBV) in Iran. This study was designed to analyze the genetic characteristics of the wild type isolated in Iran. Methods: The partial E1 gene was amplified from the isolated Iran MF Rubella Virus and Takahashi vaccine strain in comparison with 22 reference strains. The sequence of the E1 gene of the Rubella Virus isolate was compared by phylogenic analysis. Results: Nucleic acid sequencing confirmed the isolated Virus was Rubella (96 % identity in 784 bases) the sequence was subsequently submitted and registered to the GenBank with accession number DQ975202. The created phylogenetic tree of Rubella Virus reference sequences showed that the isolated MF Rubella Virus was classified into genotype 2B. Conclusion: Based on our data, this is the first report of Rubella Virus genotyping in Iran. The history of some eradicated viral diseases shows that us how molecular tools are helpful in surveillance. However, more comprehensive molecular epidemiologic studies are required in order to reach Rubella Virus elimination goal.
Teryl K. Frey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cryo-Electron Tomography of Rubella Virus
Journal of Virology, 2012Co-Authors: Anthony J. Battisti, Joshua D. Yoder, Pavel Plevka, Dennis C. Winkler, Vidya Mangala Prasad, Richard Kuhn, Teryl K. Frey, Alasdair C. Steven, Michael G. RossmannAbstract:Rubella Virus is the only member of the RubiVirus genus within the Togaviridae family and is the causative agent of the childhood disease known as Rubella or German measles. Here, we report the use of cryo-electron tomography to examine the three-dimensional structure of Rubella virions and compare their structure to that of Ross River Virus, a togaVirus belonging the genus AlphaVirus. The ectodomains of the Rubella Virus glycoproteins, E1 and E2, are shown to be organized into extended rows of density, separated by 9 nm on the viral surface. We also show that the Rubella Virus nucleocapsid structure often forms a roughly spherical shell which lacks high density at its center. While many Rubella virions are approximately spherical and have dimensions similar to that of the icosahedral Ross River Virus, the present results indicate that Rubella exhibits a large degree of pleomorphy. In addition, we used rotation function calculations and other analyses to show that approximately spherical Rubella virions lack the icosahedral organization which characterizes Ross River and other alphaViruses. The present results indicate that the assembly mechanism of Rubella Virus, which has previously been shown to differ from that of the alphaVirus assembly pathway, leads to an organization of the Rubella Virus structural proteins that is different from that of alphaViruses.
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Development of a Rubella Virus DNA vaccine.
Vaccine, 1999Co-Authors: S O Pougatcheva, E S Abernathy, A N Vzorov, R W Compans, Teryl K. FreyAbstract:Two Rubella Virus DNA vaccines were constructed from a cDNA clone of the Rubella Virus genomic RNA, one which contained the coding sequences for all three virion proteins (C, E2 and E1) and one which contained the two envelope glycoproteins (E2 and E1). When used to immunize mice via gene gun delivery, both constructs induced an antibody response of equivalent titer to that induced by Rubella Virus that persisted for at least seven months. A booster injection given four weeks after the initial injection increased antibody titers by over thirty-fold. The antibody response in DNA vaccine-injected mice was directed primarily against the E1 glycoprotein, as was the case in Rubella Virus-injected mice, and neutralizing activity was detected. These DNA vaccines are thus prototypes for a nonreplicating Rubella Virus vaccine that could be used in specialized circumstances.
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Neurological aspects of Rubella Virus infection.
Intervirology, 1997Co-Authors: Teryl K. FreyAbstract:Rubella Virus is a single-stranded, plus-sense RNA Virus belonging to the Togaviridae family. Rubella Virus infection causes a benign disease known as Rubella or German measles, however infection duri
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Molecular Biology of Rubella Virus
Advances in virus research, 1994Co-Authors: Teryl K. FreyAbstract:Publisher Summary This chapter summarizes the present medical significance of Rubella Virus. Rubella Virus infection is systemic in nature and the accompanying symptoms are generally benign, the most pronounced being a mild rash of short duration. The most common complication of Rubella Virus infection is transient joint involvement such as polyarthralgia and arthritis. The primary health impact of Rubella Virus is that it is a teratogenic agent. The vaccination strategy is aimed at elimination of Rubella and includes both universal vaccination of infants at 15 months of age with the trivalent measles, mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine and specific targeting with the Rubella vaccine of seronegative women planning pregnancy and seronegative adults who could come in contact with women of childbearing age, although it is recommended that any individual over the age of 12 months without evidence of natural infection or vaccination be vaccinated. Medically, the current challenge posed by Rubella Virus is to achieve complete vaccination coverage to prevent resurgences.
J M Best - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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PCR for detection of Rubella Virus RNA in clinical samples.
Journal of clinical microbiology, 1995Co-Authors: T J Bosma, K M Corbett, Siobhan O'shea, Jangu E. Banatvala, J M BestAbstract:A reverse transcription nested PCR (RT-PCR) assay for the detection of Rubella Virus RNA using primers from the E1 open reading frame was established. This assay was found to be sensitive (detecting approximately two synthetic RNA copies and RNA extracted from 0.1 50% tissue culture infective dose of Rubella Virus) and specific; five wild-type Rubella strains and four vaccine strains were detected, and no nonspecific amplification of 16 other RNA Viruses or RNAs from seven cell types occurred. Rubella Virus RNA was detected in 12 pharyngeal swabs from patients with serologically confirmed Rubella; these RT-PCR results were in complete agreement with Virus isolation. Analysis of products of conception obtained after confirmed primary maternal Rubella infection by RT-PCR gave 92% agreement (12 of 13 samples) with Virus isolation. No false-positive results were obtained. The potential use of this assay for prenatal diagnosis of congenital Rubella infection and for investigating aspects of the pathogenesis of chronic disease is discussed.
