The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ping Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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educational choice Rural Urban Migration and economic development
Economic Theory, 2021Co-Authors: Peiju Liao, Ping Wang, Yinchi Wang, Chong K YipAbstract:We develop an overlapping-generations framework of education-based Migration that takes place prior to labor-market participation and explore its role for economic development, Urbanization and workforce composition. We show that education-based and work-based Migration are substitutes and the equilibrium outcome depends crucially on children’s talent distribution, college costs and selectiveness, Urban job opportunities, and Migration barriers. We establish conflicting partial- and general-equilibrium effects at work for comparative statics, and examine their locational as well as macroeconomic implications for assessing education and Migration policies. Applying our model to fit the data from China over 1980–2007, we find that, although education-based Migration only amounts to one-fifth of that of work-based Migration, it contributes more to per capita output growth than work-based Migration owing to its high-skilled nature. Moreover, the abolishment of education-based Migration policy and the relaxation of the work-based Migration are found to have limited effects on per capita output and Urbanization.
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Rural Urban Migration and house prices in china
Research Papers in Economics, 2020Co-Authors: Carlos Garriga, Aaron Hedlund, Yang Tang, Ping WangAbstract:This paper uses a dynamic competitive spatial equilibrium framework to evaluate the contribution of Rural-Urban Migration induced by structural transformation to the behavior of Chinese housing markets. In the model, technological progress drives workers facing heterogeneous mobility costs to migrate from the Rural agricultural sector to the higher paying Urban manufacturing sector. Upon arrival to the city, workers purchase housing using long-term mortgages. Quantitatively, the model fits cross-sectional house price behavior across a representative sample of Chinese cities between 2003 and 2015. The model is then used to evaluate how changes to city Migration policies and land supply regulations affect the speed of Urbanization and house price appreciation. The analysis indicates that making Migration policy more egalitarian or land policy more uniform would promote Urbanization but also would contribute to larger house price dispersion.
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Rural Urban Migration and house prices in china
Social Science Research Network, 2020Co-Authors: Carlos Garriga, Aaron Hedlund, Yang Tang, Ping WangAbstract:This paper uses a dynamic competitive spatial equilibrium framework to evaluate the contribution of Rural-Urban Migration induced by structural transformation to the behavior of Chinese housing markets. In the model, technological progress drives workers facing heterogeneous mobility costs to migrate from the Rural agricultural sector to the higher paying Urban manufacturing sector. Upon arrival to the city, workers purchase housing using long-term mortgages. Quantitatively, the model fits cross-sectional house price behavior across a representative sample of Chinese cities between 2003 and 2015. The model is then used to evaluate how changes to city Migration policies and land supply regulations affect the speed of Urbanization and house price appreciation. The analysis indicates that making Migration policy more egalitarian or land policy more uniform would promote Urbanization but also would contribute to larger house price dispersion. Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber.org.
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educational choice Rural Urban Migration and economic development
Research Papers in Economics, 2017Co-Authors: Peiju Liao, Ping Wang, Yinchi Wang, Chong K YipAbstract:Observing rapid structural transformation accompanied by a continual process of Rural to Urban Migration in many developing countries, we construct a micro founded dynamic framework to explore how important education-based Migration is, as opposed to work-based Migration, for economic development, Urbanization and city workforce composition. We then calibrate our model to fit the data from China over the period from 1980 to 2007, a developing economy featuring not only large Migration flows but major institutional reforms that may affect work and education based Migration differently. We find that, although education-based Migration only amounts to one-fifth of that of work-based Migration, its contribution to the enhancement of per capita output is larger than that of work-based Migration. Moreover, the abolishment of the government job assignment for college graduates and the relaxation of the work-based Migration have limited effects on economic development and Urbanization. Furthermore, the increase in college admission selectivity for Rural students plays a crucial but negative role in China's development, lowering per capita output and worsening the high-skilled employment share in Urban areas.
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Rural Urban Migration structural transformation and housing markets in china
National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017Co-Authors: Carlos Garriga, Aaron Hedlund, Yang Tang, Ping WangAbstract:This paper explores the contribution of the structural transformation and Urbanization process to China's housing-market boom. Rural to Urban Migration together with regulated land supplies and developer entry restrictions can raise housing prices. This issue is examined using a multi-sector dynamic general-equilibrium model with Migration and housing. Our quantitative findings suggest that this process accounts for about 80 percent of Urban housing price changes. This mechanism remains valid in extensions calibrated to the two largest cities with most noticeable housing booms and to several alternative setups. Overall, supply factors and productivity account for most of the housing price growth.
Alessandra Garbero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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poverty reduction during the Rural Urban transformation Rural development is still more important than Urbanisation
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017Co-Authors: Katsushi S Imai, Raghav Gaiha, Alessandra GarberoAbstract:Abstract Based on cross-country panel datasets, we find that (i) an increase in population share in agriculture is associated with poverty reduction once the longer-term poverty change or the dynamic is taken into account; (ii) Rural non-agricultural sector also is poverty reducing in some cases; and (iii) increased population in the mega cities has no role in poverty reduction. In fact, the growth of population in mega cities is “poverty-increasing” in a few cases. Given that a rapid population growth or Rural–Urban Migration is likely to increase poverty, more emphasis should be placed on policies that enhance support for Rural agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. If our analysis has any validity, doubts are raised about recent research emphasising the role of secondary towns or Urbanisation as the main driver of extreme poverty reduction.
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poverty reduction during the Rural Urban transformation Rural development is still more important than Urbanisation
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017Co-Authors: Katsushi S Imai, Raghav Gaiha, Alessandra GarberoAbstract:Abstract Based on cross-country datasets, we find that (i) development of the Rural agricultural sector is the most poverty reducing; (ii) Rural non-agricultural sector also is poverty reducing in some cases, but its magnitude is much smaller than that associated with the Rural agricultural sector; and (iii) increased population in the mega cities has no role in poverty reduction. In fact, growth of population in mega cities is “poverty-increasing” in a few cases. Given that a rapid population growth or Rural-Urban Migration is likely to increase poverty, more emphasis should be placed on policies that enhance support for Rural agricultural sector and Rural non-agricultural sector. If our analysis has any validity, serious doubts are raised about recent research emphasising the role of secondary towns or Urbanisation as the main driver of extreme poverty reduction.
Raghav Gaiha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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poverty reduction during the Rural Urban transformation Rural development is still more important than Urbanisation
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017Co-Authors: Katsushi S Imai, Raghav Gaiha, Alessandra GarberoAbstract:Abstract Based on cross-country panel datasets, we find that (i) an increase in population share in agriculture is associated with poverty reduction once the longer-term poverty change or the dynamic is taken into account; (ii) Rural non-agricultural sector also is poverty reducing in some cases; and (iii) increased population in the mega cities has no role in poverty reduction. In fact, the growth of population in mega cities is “poverty-increasing” in a few cases. Given that a rapid population growth or Rural–Urban Migration is likely to increase poverty, more emphasis should be placed on policies that enhance support for Rural agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. If our analysis has any validity, doubts are raised about recent research emphasising the role of secondary towns or Urbanisation as the main driver of extreme poverty reduction.
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poverty reduction during the Rural Urban transformation Rural development is still more important than Urbanisation
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017Co-Authors: Katsushi S Imai, Raghav Gaiha, Alessandra GarberoAbstract:Abstract Based on cross-country datasets, we find that (i) development of the Rural agricultural sector is the most poverty reducing; (ii) Rural non-agricultural sector also is poverty reducing in some cases, but its magnitude is much smaller than that associated with the Rural agricultural sector; and (iii) increased population in the mega cities has no role in poverty reduction. In fact, growth of population in mega cities is “poverty-increasing” in a few cases. Given that a rapid population growth or Rural-Urban Migration is likely to increase poverty, more emphasis should be placed on policies that enhance support for Rural agricultural sector and Rural non-agricultural sector. If our analysis has any validity, serious doubts are raised about recent research emphasising the role of secondary towns or Urbanisation as the main driver of extreme poverty reduction.
Katsushi S Imai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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poverty reduction during the Rural Urban transformation Rural development is still more important than Urbanisation
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017Co-Authors: Katsushi S Imai, Raghav Gaiha, Alessandra GarberoAbstract:Abstract Based on cross-country datasets, we find that (i) development of the Rural agricultural sector is the most poverty reducing; (ii) Rural non-agricultural sector also is poverty reducing in some cases, but its magnitude is much smaller than that associated with the Rural agricultural sector; and (iii) increased population in the mega cities has no role in poverty reduction. In fact, growth of population in mega cities is “poverty-increasing” in a few cases. Given that a rapid population growth or Rural-Urban Migration is likely to increase poverty, more emphasis should be placed on policies that enhance support for Rural agricultural sector and Rural non-agricultural sector. If our analysis has any validity, serious doubts are raised about recent research emphasising the role of secondary towns or Urbanisation as the main driver of extreme poverty reduction.
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poverty reduction during the Rural Urban transformation Rural development is still more important than Urbanisation
Journal of Policy Modeling, 2017Co-Authors: Katsushi S Imai, Raghav Gaiha, Alessandra GarberoAbstract:Abstract Based on cross-country panel datasets, we find that (i) an increase in population share in agriculture is associated with poverty reduction once the longer-term poverty change or the dynamic is taken into account; (ii) Rural non-agricultural sector also is poverty reducing in some cases; and (iii) increased population in the mega cities has no role in poverty reduction. In fact, the growth of population in mega cities is “poverty-increasing” in a few cases. Given that a rapid population growth or Rural–Urban Migration is likely to increase poverty, more emphasis should be placed on policies that enhance support for Rural agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. If our analysis has any validity, doubts are raised about recent research emphasising the role of secondary towns or Urbanisation as the main driver of extreme poverty reduction.
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is Rural contribution to aggregate poverty reduction substantial new evidence
Research Papers in Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Katsushi S Imai, Gordon Abekahnkrumah, Purnima PurohitAbstract:Using the recent estimates of Rural, Urban and aggregate poverty rates for 31 developing countries, the present study statistically examines the extent to which the Rural sector contributes to aggregate poverty reduction. After adjusting for the effect of Rural-Urban Migration, our results suggest that the Rural sector makes a substantial contribution to aggregate poverty reduction across all five regions, consistent with earlier studies arguing for the importance of Rural sector growth in poverty reduction. Recent studies giving greater priority to Urbanisation-especially small and secondary towns-are thus mistaken.
Andreas Kontoleon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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land tenure arrangements and Rural Urban Migration in china
World Development, 2011Co-Authors: Katrina Mullan, Pauline Grosjean, Andreas KontoleonAbstract:Summary Obstacles to internal Migration in China contribute to inefficiency, inequality, and land degradation. Academic and policy debate has primarily focused on discrimination against Rural migrants on arrival in Urban areas. Meanwhile, barriers to Migration out of Rural areas have received less attention. This paper examines the role of incomplete Rural property rights in the Migration decisions of Rural households. We examine the relationship between tenure insecurity and restrictions on land rentals, and participation in outside labor markets. The results indicate that tenure insecurity reduces Migration. This relationship is particularly pronounced on forest land, which has implications for the conservation of recently replanted forest areas.
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land tenure arrangements and Rural Urban Migration in china
2008Co-Authors: Katrina Mullan, Pauline Grosjean, Andreas KontoleonAbstract:This paper examines the impacts of the Chinese Household Responsibility System, which governs Rural land tenure, on Rural-Urban Migration. Migration in China has traditionally been limited by the hukou system of household registration, under which individuals who wish to change their place of residence must gain approval from government authorities. This system is currently being relaxed in an attempt to reduce inequalities between Rural and Urban areas. However, Migration will not increase if additional constraints remain for potential migrants. Using a model of the relationship between land tenure arrangements and Migration of household members, we examine whether those with greater tenure security and formal rental rights for agricultural or forest land are more likely to participate in labour markets outside the village. The finding that greater tenure security increases Migration suggests that the current system of property rights, in which land is periodically reallocated, acts as a constraint on Migration. This strengthens the case for further tenure reform for agricultural and forest land.
