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Doreen Rosenthal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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listening to female Sex workers in vietnam influences on Safe Sex practices with clients and partners
Sexual Health, 2006Co-Authors: Doreen Rosenthal, Tran Thi Kim OanhAbstract:Background: This qualitative study assessed HIV/AIDS knowledge and frequency of and influences on condom use with clients and regular, non-client partners among female Sex workers (FSWs) in Khanh Hoa, a tourist-oriented province of central Vietnam where Sex work is common. Methods: Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with indirect (n = 16) and direct (n = 9) FSWs. Results: Although the majority of respondents were well informed about HIV/AIDS transmission, about one-third had inaccurate beliefs about HIV-positive people as well as the mechanisms by which HIV is transmitted from mother to child. Condom use was inconsistent. More direct than indirect FSWs reported using condoms most of the time with clients but none used condoms all the time. With regular partners, most respondents reported that they never used condoms. Around one-third of women hid their Sex work from their regular partners, who made the decision to use or not to use condoms. The most frequently reported reasons for not using condoms with clients were because clients offered a higher price, clients insisted on condom-free Sex, and possession of condoms as evidence of Sex worker status. For regular partners, the reasons were familiarity, condom use being dependent on partner’s decision, and condom use as evidence of Sex worker status. There was no apparent relationship between HIV knowledge, time in Sex work, and Safe Sex practices. Conclusion: Recommendations are made to improve the rate of condom use among FSWs.
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Safe Sex or Safe love competing discourses
Aids Care-psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of Aids\ hiv, 1998Co-Authors: Doreen Rosenthal, S. Gifford, Susan M MooreAbstract:The way in which Sex may be constructed as Safe through its relationship with 'love' is the concern of this study. Interviews with 112 heteroSexual women and men from discos and bars in Melbourne, Australia, catering to single adults revealed the pervasive construction of Sex within the discourses of 'love' and 'romance'. The relationship of these discourses to unSafe practices is discussed and the article presents an analysis of the normative function of the Sex-as-love/Sex-as-desire opposition in terms of Safe Sex and HIV/AIDS prevention. We conclude that health messages which emphasize that 'Sex is unSafe' may be counterproductive. We illustrate how women and some men construct casual Sex as a strategy for obtaining the possibility of 'love'. For these women and men, 'Safe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy for maximizing the possibility that the casual encounter will result in a longer term relationship. On the other hand, 'unSafe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy that i...
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Safe Sex is not contraception: reclaiming 'Safe Sex' for HIV/STD prevention
1998Co-Authors: Maggie Kirkman, Doreen Rosenthal, Anthony M. A. SmithAbstract:This paper urges vigilance in retaining the meaning of 'Safe Sex' as ways of having Sex that reduce or eliminate the chances of contacting an STD. Interviews with heteroSexual adolescents revealed that the term 'Safe Sex' is frequently understood to mean contraception. There is also evidence of this shift in meaning in the wider community. The condom, because of its use for both contraception and the prevention of disease, and because of its role in Safe Sex campaigns, is identified as pivotal to this shift in meaning. When 'Safe Sex' means contraception, heteroSexual adolescents are made more vulnerable to STDs. Sex is still 'Safe' when condoms are discarded in favour of the oral contraceptive pill. It is argued that policy makers, educators, researchers and medical practitioners need to take account of the way in which the term 'Safe Sex' may be (mis)understood in order to ensure that the meaning of 'Safe Sex' as the prevention of STDs is retained and emphasised. (author abstract)
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the social context of adolescent Sexuality Safe Sex implications
Journal of Adolescence, 1992Co-Authors: Susan M Moore, Doreen RosenthalAbstract:Abstract This study was an examination of the Sexual worlds of 153 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years through the content analysis of interviews on the topics of love, romance, relationships between the Sexes, Sexual values and Sexual behaviors. The aim was to develop more detailed descriptions of the dimension of adolescent Sexuality and related these dimensions to Sexual risk, that is, the tendency to engage in unprotected intercourse, an activity which increases vulnerability to AIDS and other Sexually transmitted diseases. To this end, seven themes were isolated from the interview scripts, these being permissiveness, double standards, belief about Sexual control (the Id Factor), romance, regrets about permissiveness, Sexual aggression, and questioning. Measures of four of these themes were constructed, and Sex and sub-group differences explored, as were the relationships between themes and Sexual risk. The implications of different “pathways” to Sexual risk-taking were discussed.
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intention context and Safe Sex australian adolescents responses to aids
Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 1992Co-Authors: Jennifer Boldero, Susan M Moore, Doreen RosenthalAbstract:This study examined the applicability to condom use of Ajzen and Madden's (1986) theory of planned behavior by examining the predictors of intention to use a condom and actual condom use in a specific Sexual situation. In a sample of 144 Sexually active heteroSexual males and females, limited support was found for the model. Intentions to use a condom immediately before a particular Sexual encounter, and those assessed some time prior to this encounter were found to have direct and positive effects on condom use. In addition, perceptions of the disadvantages of condoms (a measure of attitudes to condoms in general) had direct negative effects on condom use and, together with perceptions of the advantage of condoms, also had indirect effects on condom use via prior intention. A number of the postulated predictors of Safe Sexual practice related neither to intentions nor behavior. The contextual variables of Sexual arousal, condom availability, and degree of communication with a Sexual partner all influenced condom use. Discussion centered on first, differences in the predictive ability of the model when compared to other studies of planned behavior, and second, the factors limiting the relationship between intention and behavior when the behavior in question is not under complete, volitional control.
Susan M Moore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Safe Sex or Safe love competing discourses
Aids Care-psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of Aids\ hiv, 1998Co-Authors: Doreen Rosenthal, S. Gifford, Susan M MooreAbstract:The way in which Sex may be constructed as Safe through its relationship with 'love' is the concern of this study. Interviews with 112 heteroSexual women and men from discos and bars in Melbourne, Australia, catering to single adults revealed the pervasive construction of Sex within the discourses of 'love' and 'romance'. The relationship of these discourses to unSafe practices is discussed and the article presents an analysis of the normative function of the Sex-as-love/Sex-as-desire opposition in terms of Safe Sex and HIV/AIDS prevention. We conclude that health messages which emphasize that 'Sex is unSafe' may be counterproductive. We illustrate how women and some men construct casual Sex as a strategy for obtaining the possibility of 'love'. For these women and men, 'Safe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy for maximizing the possibility that the casual encounter will result in a longer term relationship. On the other hand, 'unSafe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy that i...
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the social context of adolescent Sexuality Safe Sex implications
Journal of Adolescence, 1992Co-Authors: Susan M Moore, Doreen RosenthalAbstract:Abstract This study was an examination of the Sexual worlds of 153 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years through the content analysis of interviews on the topics of love, romance, relationships between the Sexes, Sexual values and Sexual behaviors. The aim was to develop more detailed descriptions of the dimension of adolescent Sexuality and related these dimensions to Sexual risk, that is, the tendency to engage in unprotected intercourse, an activity which increases vulnerability to AIDS and other Sexually transmitted diseases. To this end, seven themes were isolated from the interview scripts, these being permissiveness, double standards, belief about Sexual control (the Id Factor), romance, regrets about permissiveness, Sexual aggression, and questioning. Measures of four of these themes were constructed, and Sex and sub-group differences explored, as were the relationships between themes and Sexual risk. The implications of different “pathways” to Sexual risk-taking were discussed.
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intention context and Safe Sex australian adolescents responses to aids
Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 1992Co-Authors: Jennifer Boldero, Susan M Moore, Doreen RosenthalAbstract:This study examined the applicability to condom use of Ajzen and Madden's (1986) theory of planned behavior by examining the predictors of intention to use a condom and actual condom use in a specific Sexual situation. In a sample of 144 Sexually active heteroSexual males and females, limited support was found for the model. Intentions to use a condom immediately before a particular Sexual encounter, and those assessed some time prior to this encounter were found to have direct and positive effects on condom use. In addition, perceptions of the disadvantages of condoms (a measure of attitudes to condoms in general) had direct negative effects on condom use and, together with perceptions of the advantage of condoms, also had indirect effects on condom use via prior intention. A number of the postulated predictors of Safe Sexual practice related neither to intentions nor behavior. The contextual variables of Sexual arousal, condom availability, and degree of communication with a Sexual partner all influenced condom use. Discussion centered on first, differences in the predictive ability of the model when compared to other studies of planned behavior, and second, the factors limiting the relationship between intention and behavior when the behavior in question is not under complete, volitional control.
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condoms and coitus adolescents attitudes to aids and Safe Sex behavior
Journal of Adolescence, 1991Co-Authors: Susan M Moore, Doreen RosenthalAbstract:Abstract This study investigated the relationship between Sexual risk taking and attitudes to AIDS precautions among a sample of approximately 1000 non-virgin adolescents attending 15 colleges and universities in Victoria, Australia. Four attitudinal dimensions were isolated: Antiprecautions, Risk Denial, Abrogation of Responsibility and Fatalism. These attitudes showed meaningful relationships with different types of Sexual risk: risk with a casual partner, risk with a regular partner, and multiple partnering. Different patterns of association emerged for males and females, with female risk behavior being more strongly related to antiprecautions attitudes. These differences were discussed in the light of gender-stereotypic responses to Sexual situations, and their implications for educational interventions were explored.
S Moore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Safe Sex or Safe love: Competing discourses?
AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS HIV, 1998Co-Authors: D Rosenthal, S. Gifford, S MooreAbstract:The way in which Sex may be constructed as Safe through its relationship with 'love' is the concern of this study. Interviews with 112 heteroSexual women and men from discos and bars in Melbourne, Australia, catering to single adults revealed the pervasive construction of Sex within the discourses of 'love' and 'romance'. The relationship of these discourses to unSafe practices is discussed and the article presents an analysis of the normative function of the Sex-as-love/Sex-as-desire opposition in terms of Safe Sex and HIV/AIDS prevention. We conclude that health messages which emphasize that 'Sex is unSafe' may be counterproductive. We illustrate how women and some men construct casual Sex as a strategy for obtaining the possibility of 'love'. For these women and men, 'Safe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy for maximizing the possibility that the casual encounter will result in a longer term relationship. On the other hand, 'unSafe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy that is more likely to interrupt the construction of romance in the causal encounter thus risking the possibility of love as the desired outcome.\n\nInterviews with heteroSexual men and women recruited at discos and bars in Melbourne, Australia, in 1993 revealed a tendency--especially among women--to construct Sex as "Safe" within the discourses of "love" and "romance." The 112 respondents (mean age, 27.4 years) were asked to narrate their experiences of Sex, love, romance, and Safety, with particular emphasis on casual Sexual encounters. Casual Sex was viewed as an essential strategy in the search for love, and Sexual Safety practices were related more to their anticipated impact on finding love than on an assessment of the potential of Sexually transmitted disease transmission. This view is consistent with cultural notions of femininity in Sex as the relinquishment of control for the sake of love. Both men and women commented on the difficulties of raising the issue of condom use and HIV/AIDS prevention with someone they had just met. This difficulty was even more pronounced among women, who tended to believe insistence on condom use would result in the loss of a Sexual encounter with romantic potential. Many men reported they use this perception of potential rejection to convince women to engage in unprotected Sex. These findings suggest that current HIV/AIDS prevention messages may be disregarded by individuals--especially unmarried women--who view condom use as an obstacle in their quest for love. Needed are messages that incorporate condom use into the search for love.
S. Gifford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Safe Sex or Safe love competing discourses
Aids Care-psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of Aids\ hiv, 1998Co-Authors: Doreen Rosenthal, S. Gifford, Susan M MooreAbstract:The way in which Sex may be constructed as Safe through its relationship with 'love' is the concern of this study. Interviews with 112 heteroSexual women and men from discos and bars in Melbourne, Australia, catering to single adults revealed the pervasive construction of Sex within the discourses of 'love' and 'romance'. The relationship of these discourses to unSafe practices is discussed and the article presents an analysis of the normative function of the Sex-as-love/Sex-as-desire opposition in terms of Safe Sex and HIV/AIDS prevention. We conclude that health messages which emphasize that 'Sex is unSafe' may be counterproductive. We illustrate how women and some men construct casual Sex as a strategy for obtaining the possibility of 'love'. For these women and men, 'Safe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy for maximizing the possibility that the casual encounter will result in a longer term relationship. On the other hand, 'unSafe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy that i...
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Safe Sex or Safe love: Competing discourses?
AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS HIV, 1998Co-Authors: D Rosenthal, S. Gifford, S MooreAbstract:The way in which Sex may be constructed as Safe through its relationship with 'love' is the concern of this study. Interviews with 112 heteroSexual women and men from discos and bars in Melbourne, Australia, catering to single adults revealed the pervasive construction of Sex within the discourses of 'love' and 'romance'. The relationship of these discourses to unSafe practices is discussed and the article presents an analysis of the normative function of the Sex-as-love/Sex-as-desire opposition in terms of Safe Sex and HIV/AIDS prevention. We conclude that health messages which emphasize that 'Sex is unSafe' may be counterproductive. We illustrate how women and some men construct casual Sex as a strategy for obtaining the possibility of 'love'. For these women and men, 'Safe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy for maximizing the possibility that the casual encounter will result in a longer term relationship. On the other hand, 'unSafe Sex' as 'unprotected Sex' is viewed as a strategy that is more likely to interrupt the construction of romance in the causal encounter thus risking the possibility of love as the desired outcome.\n\nInterviews with heteroSexual men and women recruited at discos and bars in Melbourne, Australia, in 1993 revealed a tendency--especially among women--to construct Sex as "Safe" within the discourses of "love" and "romance." The 112 respondents (mean age, 27.4 years) were asked to narrate their experiences of Sex, love, romance, and Safety, with particular emphasis on casual Sexual encounters. Casual Sex was viewed as an essential strategy in the search for love, and Sexual Safety practices were related more to their anticipated impact on finding love than on an assessment of the potential of Sexually transmitted disease transmission. This view is consistent with cultural notions of femininity in Sex as the relinquishment of control for the sake of love. Both men and women commented on the difficulties of raising the issue of condom use and HIV/AIDS prevention with someone they had just met. This difficulty was even more pronounced among women, who tended to believe insistence on condom use would result in the loss of a Sexual encounter with romantic potential. Many men reported they use this perception of potential rejection to convince women to engage in unprotected Sex. These findings suggest that current HIV/AIDS prevention messages may be disregarded by individuals--especially unmarried women--who view condom use as an obstacle in their quest for love. Needed are messages that incorporate condom use into the search for love.
Susan Kippax - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Safe Sex after post exposure prophylaxis for hiv intentions challenges and ambivalences in narratives of gay men
Aids Care-psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of Aids\ hiv, 2006Co-Authors: Henrike Korner, Olympia Hendry, Susan KippaxAbstract:Abstract This paper draws on findings from an on-going prospective cohort study, with a quantitative and a qualitative arm, to monitor the implementation of non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Australia. The aim of the qualitative arm was to explore in-depth details of exposures to HIV and participants’ understanding of ‘risk’. Of the 328 patients who were enrolled in the study from March 1999 to July 2001, 88 (27%) participated in the qualitative arm. Interviews were conducted in a semi-structured style and explored the event that precipitated the request for PEP, participants’ understanding of Safe Sex, their physical and psychological experience of the treatment and the impact that the availability of PEP may have on their Sexual practices in the future. One theme running through the interviews was a determination to either maintain existing high levels of Safe Sex or to increase Safe Sex practices in those men who perceived PEP as ‘a wake up call’. This determination was motivated by t...
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when Safe Sex isn t Safe
Culture Health & Sexuality, 2003Co-Authors: Juliet Richters, Olympia Hendry, Susan KippaxAbstract:Seventy-five gay and homoSexually active men in Sydney who had recently seroconverted were recruited through their doctors and interviewed in depth between 1993 and 1999 about the event(s) they believed led to their becoming infected with HIV. Interview transcripts were analysed by thematic indexing to explore how the Sexual practices reported were organized and negotiated within casual Sex encounters, and how men integrated Safety considerations into their Sexual practice. Accepted patterns of Sexual interaction included the following features: (1) oral Sex was almost always practised without condoms, (2) nudging or brief anal insertion of the penis without a condom was often not regarded as 'anal intercourse', (3) there was often semen on men's bodies or hands, (4) fisting was usually done with gloves, but fingering was not. Perception of risk focused largely on the visible (e.g. blood or semen). Preventive practice was constrained and enabled by social expectation of reasonable behaviour in contexts su...
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sustaining Safe Sex gay communities respond to aids
1993Co-Authors: Raewyn Connell, Gary W Dowsett, June Crawford, Susan KippaxAbstract:AIDS in Australia the SAPA Project method and analysis picture of Sexuality correlates of Sexual practice - Safe and unSafe changes in response to HIV meaning of HIV-related information gay community attachment biSexual practice five years on.
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sustaining Safe Sex a longitudinal study of a sample of homoSexual men
AIDS, 1993Co-Authors: Susan Kippax, June Crawford, Mark David Mcgregor Davis, Pam Rodden, Gary W DowsettAbstract:Objective To assess the maintenance of Safe Sexual practice. (We use the term ‘Safe’ Sex throughout the paper, since ‘Safe’ is the term adopted by the Australian National Committee on AIDS.) Design Maintenance was assessed by comparing Sexual behaviour with both regular and casual partners reported in a 1986/1987 survey (time 1) with behaviour reported in a second survey in 1991 (time 2). Method The 145 homoSexually active participants were a non-clinical sample recruited in 1986/1987 by advertisement and followed-up in 1991. A structured questionnaire was administered at both times. Items included questions about the nature of the men's Sexual relationships and their Sexual practices. Results Our findings indicate that the majority of men had sustained Safe Sex practices. HIV prevention strategies adopted included condom use, avoidance of anal intercourse and negotiated Safety (i.e., the negotiated practice of unprotected anal intercourse within regular partnerships of concordant serostatus). Conclusions Negotiated Safety is not the same as relapse.
