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Bambang Dwiloka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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kadar lemak dan profil asam lemak jenuh asam lemak tak jenuh daging ayam broiler dengan pemberian pakan mengandung tepung daun kayambang Salvinia molesta
Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, 2016Co-Authors: T Setiawati, U Atmomarsono, Bambang DwilokaAbstract:This study was aimed to determined fat content and saturated fatty acid profile (SFA), unsaturated fatty acid profil (PUFA and MUFA) broiler chicken meat feeding with kayambang leaf flour (Salvinia molesta). This research used 100 broiler chickens at 15 days old unsex with average weight 500 ± 6,99 g. This research used Completely Randomized Design. Ration treatments arranged for starter and finisher periods. Ration treatments were T0 (ration without Salvinia molesta leaf meal); T1 (ration with Salvinia molesta leaf meal 6%); T2 (ration with Salvinia molesta leaf meal 12%); and T3 (ration with Salvinia molesta leaf meal 18%). The fat content data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance at significance level of 5%. The fatty acid profile data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis. The results showed that Salvinia molesta leaf meal treatment in broiler diet didn’t affect significantly (P <0.05) of fat content of the meat. Fatty acid profile showed amount of saturated fatty acids decreased from T0 to T3 of the amount of saturated fatty acids 53.21% to 24.57% and the amount of unsaturated fatty acids increased from 39.94% to 68.79% from T0 to T3. Based on the results of the present study it was concluded that Salvinia molesta leaf meal can to reduce the content of saturated fatty acid and increasing the content of unsaturated fatty acid. Keywords: broiler chicken, Salvinia molesta, saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid
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effects of duck feed supplemented with invasive giant Salvinia Salvinia molesta on duck meat characteristics
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Bambang Dwiloka, Edjeng Suprijatna, Agus Setiadi, Siswanto Imam Santoso, Siti SusantiAbstract:The present work was designed to study the potency of Salvinia molesta (SM) as feedstuff influencing meat characteristics in ducks for the first time. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of fermented (FSM) and nonfermented (NFSM) SM powder as a duck feed supplement on the lipid composition (fat, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels) and fatty acid profile of duck meat, as well as its protein and water content. This study included eighty 4-week-old ducks, which were assigned at random to 2 groups based on treatment: basal diets (control) and supplementation with SM (15% NFSM, 15% FSM, 17.5% FSM, and 20% FSM). The results indicated that SM significantly decreased the levels of total cholesterol and LDL of the duck meat while the HDL level significantly increased (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there was no change in the protein and water content of the duck meat because of SM supplementation. Furthermore, the levels of all fatty acids' composition except linolenic acid were significantly different between the control (basal diet) and treatment (SM diets) groups. Thus, SM, an invasive plant, can be used as a new dietary source of fatty acids for the production of healthy duck meat.
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optimasi daun kayambang Salvinia molesta untuk penurunan kolesterol daging dan peningkatan kualitas asam lemak esensial
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, 2015Co-Authors: Destriana Meliandasari, Bambang Dwiloka, Edjeng SuprijatnaAbstract:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun kayambang (Salvinia molesta) dalam ransum terhadap kualitas daging yang ditinjau dari konsentrasi omega-3, konsentrasi omega-6, rasio asam lemak omega-3 dan omega-6, dan kolesterol daging ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan seratus ekor ayam broiler unsex dengan umur perlakuan 15 hari yang memiliki bobot badan 500 ± 6,99 g. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Ransum perlakuan adalah T0 (ransum tanpa tepung daun Salvinia molesta); T1 (ransum dengan tepung daun Salvinia molesta) 6%) ; T2 (ransum dengan tepung daun Salvinia molesta 12%); dan T3 (ransum dengan tepung daun Salvinia molesta 18%). Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan deskriptif non parametrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kolesterol daging mengalami penurunan (P<0,05) pada T1, T2, T3 dibandingkan T0. Konsentrasi omega-3 dalam daging terjadi peningkatan pada T2 dan konsentrasi omega-6 pada T3. Keseimbangan rasio omega-3 dan omega-6 terdapat pada perlakuan T1 (1 : 3). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa perlakuan pakan dengan tepung daun Salvinia molesta dalam ransum menghasilkan kualitas daging yang rendah kolesterol dan memberikan imbangan rasio omega-3 dan omega-6 yang mendekati rekomendasi.
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efisiensi penggunaan protein pada ayam broiler dengan pemberian pakan mengandung tepung daun kayambang Salvinia molesta
Jurnal Agripet, 2014Co-Authors: Kurnia Sari, Bambang Sukamto, Bambang DwilokaAbstract:(Protein efficiency of broiler chickens fed with diets containing kayambang leaves meal) ABSTRACT The aim of the experiment was to determine the utilization of kayambang ( Salvinia molesta ) leaves meal until 18% based on its effects on protein consumption, protein intake, meat protein mass and protein efficiency ratio. One hundred broiler CP 707 day-old unsexed chicks, with an average body weight 502,48± 6,99 g age 15 until 42 days. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications and each replication consisted of 5 chickens.. The treatments diets were T0 (basal diet), T1 (6% Salvinia molesta leaves meal), T2 (12% Salvinia molesta leaves meal), and T3 (18% Salvinia molesta leaves meal). The results showed that administration of Salvinia molesta leaf meal up to 18% level in the diet resulted in a decrease in the quality of the ration so that the protein utilization also decreased as indicated by the decline in the value of protein intake, protein intake, protein mass of meat and protein efficiency ratio.
Martin Hill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biological Control of Salvinia molesta (D.S. Mitchell) Drives Aquatic Ecosystem Recovery
Diversity, 2020Co-Authors: Samuel N. Motitsoe, Julie A. Coetzee, Jaclyn M. Hill, Martin HillAbstract:Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) is a damaging free-floating invasive alien macrophyte native to South America. The biological control programme against S. molesta by the weevil Cyrtobagous Salviniae Calder and Sands (Erirhinidae) has been successful in controlling S. molesta infestations in the introduced range, however, there is some debate as to how biological control success is measured. This study measured the response of epilithic algae and aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in a S. molesta-dominated state and subsequently where the weed had been cleared by biological control, as a proxy for ecosystem recovery in a before–after control–impact mesocosm experiment. The restored treatment (S. molesta and C. Salviniae) demonstrated epilithic algae and aquatic macroinvertebrate recovery during the “after” biological control phase, defined as similar to the control treatment. Comparatively, the impacted treatment (100% S. molesta) showed a drastic decline in biodiversity and shifts in community assemblages. We conclude that the biological control effort by C. Salviniae facilitated biodiversity recovery of the impacted treatment. Furthermore, epilithic algae and aquatic macroinvertebrate communities were reliable biological indicators for measuring ecological impacts of invasion and ecosystem recovery following biological control, and thus represent potential tools for evaluating biological control success and ecological restoration.
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Biological control of Salvinia molesta in South Africa revisited
Biological Control, 2018Co-Authors: G.d. Martin, Julie A. Coetzee, Philip Weyl, M.c. Parkinson, Martin HillAbstract:Abstract The aquatic weed Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. (Salviniaceae) was first recorded in South Africa in the early 1900s, and by the 1960s was regarded as one of South Africa’s worst aquatic weeds. Following the release of the weevil, Cyrtobagous Salviniae Calder and Sands (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in 1985, the weed is now considered under successful biological control. However, the post-release evaluation of this biological control programme has been ad hoc, therefore, to assess the efficacy of the agent, annual quantitative surveys of South African freshwater systems have been undertaken since 2008. Over the last ten years, of the 57 S. molesta sites visited annually in South Africa, the weevil has established at all of them. Eighteen sites are under successful biological control, where the weed no longer poses a threat to the system and 19 are under substantial biological control, where biological control has reduced the impact of the weed. Since 2008, the average percentage weed cover at sites has declined significantly from 51–100% cover to 0–5% cover in 2017 (R2 = 0.78; P
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A review of the biological control programmes on Eichhornia crassipes (C.Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae), Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. (Salviniaceae), Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae), Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. (Haloragaceae) and Azolla filic
African Entomology, 2011Co-Authors: Julie A. Coetzee, Martin Hill, Marcus J. Byrne, Angela BownesAbstract:Biological control against water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (C.Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae), Salvinia, Salvinia molesta D.S.Mitch. (Salviniaceae), water lettuce, Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae), parrot's feather, Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. (Haloragaceae), and red water fern, Azolla filiculoides Lam. (Azollaceae) has been ongoing in South Africa since the release of the first biological control agent on water hyacinth in 1974. This review provides an account of progress for the period from 1999. Post-release evaluations over the last three years have shown that, with the exception of water hyacinth, all of these problematic aquatic plants have been suppressed effectively using classical biological control. In eutrophic water bodies at high elevations that experience cold winters, an integrated approach, that includes herbicide application and augmentive biological control, is required against water hyacinth. The grasshopper Cornops aquaticum (Bruner) (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Leptysminae) has ...
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Quantitative Post-Release Evaluation of Biological Control of Floating Fern, Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae), with Cyrtobagous Salviniae Calder and Sands (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on the Senegal River and Senegal River Delta
African Entomology, 2009Co-Authors: O Diop, Martin HillAbstract:The floating aquatic fern, Salvinia molesta D.S Mitchell (Salviniaceae) was first recorded in Senegal in 1999 and by 2000 it covered an estimated area of 18 000 ha on the Senegal River Left Bank and tributaries (Senegal) and 7840 ha on the Senegal River Right Bank (Mauritania). The weevil, Cyrtobagous Salviniae Calder and Sands (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was considered the best option for control and some 48 953 weevils were released at 270 sites during 2002. Within one year, weevils had established and were recovered up to 50 km from the release sites. At most of the release sites, the S. molesta infestation was reduced from 100% to less than 5% within 24 months of release. These results are discussed in the context of the weed's negative impact on aquatic systems.
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Biological Control of Tropical Weeds Using Arthropods: Salvinia molesta D. S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae)
Biological Control of Tropical Weeds Using Arthropods, 1Co-Authors: M. H. Julien, Martin Hill, Philip W. TippingAbstract:Introduction Salvinia molesta D. S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) (Salvinia) is a floating water fern of tropical and subtropical distribution worldwide. Its center of origin is southeastern Brazil. It is an extremely important invasive species and its biological control is an extraordinary, contemporary, success story. Salvinia molesta is named after Antonio Maria Salvini (1633-1729), University of Florence. The specific epithet molesta originates from the Latin molestus meaning ‘troublesome,’ ‘annoying,’ referring to its weediness (Parsons and Cuthbertson, 2001). Taxonomy Salviniaceae in Hydropteridales comprises the monotypic taxon Salvinia with 10-12 species (Hassler and Swale, 2002): S. minima Baker, S. oblongifolia Martius, and four species in the S. auriculata complex originating in the tropical Americas. The S. auriculata complex comprises species in which the upper section of each leaf hair forms an ‘egg-beater’ or ‘cage’ shape by splitting apart below the tip and joining at the tip (Fig. 19.1) (Forno, 1983) and includes S. auriculata Aublet, S. biloba Raddi, S. herzogii de la Sota, and Salvinia molesta D. S. Mitchell. Salvinia molesta was separated from S. auriculata by Mitchell (1972). Most literature that refers to S. auriculata as a pest species outside South America and Trinidad actually refers to S. molesta . Herzog (1935) recognized S. auriculata Aublet, and this name was applied to the invasive species that occurred outside South America. De la Sota (1962) recognized that S. auriculata comprised a number of species and described S. herzogii .
S A Abbasi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Generation of highly potent organic fertilizer from pernicious aquatic weed Salvinia molesta
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017Co-Authors: Naseer Hussain, Tasneem Abbasi, S A AbbasiAbstract:Utilization of Salvinia molesta, an aquatic weed which is notorious for its allelopathy and invasiveness, has been explored by its vermicomposting. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and plant bioassay tests were conducted to analyze the composition and fertilizer value of S .molesta vermicompost. Germination and seedling growth tests were performed in soil supplemented with vermicompost at levels ranging from 0.75 to 40% by weight of the soil on three common food plants, ladies finger (Abelmoschus esculentus), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), and green gram (Vigna radiata). The influence of S. molesta’s vermicompost on some of the physicochemical and biological attributes of the soil was also studied. FT-IR analysis revealed that S. molesta loses its allelopathy, as the chemical compounds that are responsible for it are largely destroyed, in the course of its vermicomposting. There is also an indication that a portion of lignin content of S. molesta is degraded. Vermicompost enhanced the germination success and promoted the morphological growth and biochemical content of the plant species studied. It also bestowed plant friendly physicochemical and biological attributes to the soil. The findings raise the prospect that billions of tons of S. molesta biomass―which not only goes to waste at present but is also a cause of serious harm to the environment―may become utilizable in organic agriculture.
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vermiremediation of an invasive and pernicious weed Salvinia Salvinia molesta
Ecological Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Naseer Hussain, Tasneem Abbasi, S A AbbasiAbstract:In evidently the first study of its kind, vermicompost derived solely from Salvinia (Salvinia molesta Mitchell), arguably the world’s most invasive and dominant aquatic weed, has been assessed for its nature and composition. Salvinia is known to contain exceptionally high concentrations of polyphenols, and has unusually ligneous leaves—the two attributes that make it strongly allelopathic and hardy, enabling it to elbow out other vegetation. The present study, supported by UV–vis and FTIR spectrometry, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and GS-MS analysis, reveals that upon vermicomposting Salvinia loses its allelopathy. It happens because chemicals responsible for the alleopathy of Salvinia are destroyed, transforming the weed into a potent organic fertilizer. Much of the Salvinia’s lignin is also biodegraded. Scanning electron microscopy shows marked disaggregation of the material in the vermicompost as compared to well-formed matrix of Salvinia leaves. The findings open up the possibility of utilizing billions of tonnes of Salvinia biomass – which not only goes to waste at present but is also a cause of serious harm to the environment – in making organic fertilizer.
Naseer Hussain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Generation of highly potent organic fertilizer from pernicious aquatic weed Salvinia molesta
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017Co-Authors: Naseer Hussain, Tasneem Abbasi, S A AbbasiAbstract:Utilization of Salvinia molesta, an aquatic weed which is notorious for its allelopathy and invasiveness, has been explored by its vermicomposting. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and plant bioassay tests were conducted to analyze the composition and fertilizer value of S .molesta vermicompost. Germination and seedling growth tests were performed in soil supplemented with vermicompost at levels ranging from 0.75 to 40% by weight of the soil on three common food plants, ladies finger (Abelmoschus esculentus), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), and green gram (Vigna radiata). The influence of S. molesta’s vermicompost on some of the physicochemical and biological attributes of the soil was also studied. FT-IR analysis revealed that S. molesta loses its allelopathy, as the chemical compounds that are responsible for it are largely destroyed, in the course of its vermicomposting. There is also an indication that a portion of lignin content of S. molesta is degraded. Vermicompost enhanced the germination success and promoted the morphological growth and biochemical content of the plant species studied. It also bestowed plant friendly physicochemical and biological attributes to the soil. The findings raise the prospect that billions of tons of S. molesta biomass―which not only goes to waste at present but is also a cause of serious harm to the environment―may become utilizable in organic agriculture.
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vermiremediation of an invasive and pernicious weed Salvinia Salvinia molesta
Ecological Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Naseer Hussain, Tasneem Abbasi, S A AbbasiAbstract:In evidently the first study of its kind, vermicompost derived solely from Salvinia (Salvinia molesta Mitchell), arguably the world’s most invasive and dominant aquatic weed, has been assessed for its nature and composition. Salvinia is known to contain exceptionally high concentrations of polyphenols, and has unusually ligneous leaves—the two attributes that make it strongly allelopathic and hardy, enabling it to elbow out other vegetation. The present study, supported by UV–vis and FTIR spectrometry, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and GS-MS analysis, reveals that upon vermicomposting Salvinia loses its allelopathy. It happens because chemicals responsible for the alleopathy of Salvinia are destroyed, transforming the weed into a potent organic fertilizer. Much of the Salvinia’s lignin is also biodegraded. Scanning electron microscopy shows marked disaggregation of the material in the vermicompost as compared to well-formed matrix of Salvinia leaves. The findings open up the possibility of utilizing billions of tonnes of Salvinia biomass – which not only goes to waste at present but is also a cause of serious harm to the environment – in making organic fertilizer.
C.j. Cilliers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biological control of water fern, Salvinia molesta (Salviniaceae), in South Africa
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 1991Co-Authors: C.j. CilliersAbstract:Abstract Until recently, water fern, Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell, in South Africa was only surpassed by water hyacinth as an aquatic weed and was particularly troublesome in regions with a subtropical climate. Following impressive successes elsewhere around the world, the weed has been successfully controlled biologically in South Africa using the weevil Cyrtobagous Salviniae Calder and Sands. In this review, the recent introduction and establishment of C. Salviniae in South Africa is described, and the future management of S. molesta is discussed.
