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María A. Gandolfo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Heterosporous Ferns From Patagonia: The Case of Azolla
Transformative Paleobotany, 2018Co-Authors: Facundo De Benedetti, María A. Gandolfo, María Del Carmen Zamaloa, Nestor Ruben CuneoAbstract:Abstract We describe megaspore apparatuses and microspore massulae of Azolla coloniensis sp. nov., a heterosporous water fern of the family Salviniaceae. The megaspore apparatus is composed of the megaspore body and three tiers of floats covered by a dense filosum, while its wall consists of an exine and a two-layered perine, with a spongy endoperine and large, clavate exoperine. Microspore massulae are variable in size and shape and bear aseptate glochidia with anchor-shaped tips. The new species increases the scarce record of Salviniaceae megaspores in the Southern Hemisphere and significantly extends our knowledge of the variability of morphological characters of the genus. Fossils indicate a freshwater depositional environment and are interpreted as being preserved in situ due to their excellent preservation and the frequent attachment of microspore massulae to megaspores. This contribution supports the hypotheses of the rapid geographic dispersal and diversification of the genus, in both hemispheres, during the Late Cretaceous.
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Aquatic ferns from the Upper Cretaceous Loncoche Formation, Mendoza, central-western, Argentina
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2015Co-Authors: Gabriela G. Puebla, Mercedes B. Prámparo, María A. GandolfoAbstract:Herein, we report new fossil remains with marsileaceous affinity associated with dispersed microspores corresponding to Crybelosporites, different types of massulae of Salvianiaceae ( Paleoazolla patagonica and Azolla circinata ), and a single megaspore assigned to the fossil genus Grapnelispora . These fossils were recovered from the Late Cretaceous Loncoche Formation, at the Calmu-Co section, Malargüe Group, Northern Neuquén Basin, Mendoza, Argentina. The macrofossils include scattered leaflets, rhizomes, roots, and a sporocarp-like structure. They share characters with members of the aquatic fern family Marsileaceae; however, based on the characters preserved, they could not be placed within any extant or fossil species; therefore, the fossils are better included within a new fossil-taxon, Mendozaphyllum loncochense . Dispersed spores of Crybelosporites pannuceus, also belonging to Marsileaceae, were recovered from the entire section. Additionally, abundant isolated massulae with affinity to the aquatic fern family Salviniaceae, and a single megaspore assigned to Grapnelispora loncochensis, were identified from the plant bearing layer. The presence of Marsileaceae fossils in the Campanian–Maastrichtian Loncoche Formation, Mendoza, extends towards the north the paleogeographical distribution of the family Marsileaceae in Argentina, since previous records are from Patagonia. A fluvial to deltaic environment with lacustrine episodes is suggested by the sedimentology of the lower and middle parts of the Calmu-Co section and supported by the abundant fresh water algae recovered from the palynological association. This was probably the optimum habitat for the growth of aquatic ferns related to Marsileaceae and Salviniaceae and explains its abundance in the studied sediments.
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Late Cretaceous Aquatic Plant World in Patagonia, Argentina
PloS one, 2014Co-Authors: N. Rubén Cúneo, María A. Gandolfo, María Del Carmen Zamaloa, Elizabeth J. HermsenAbstract:In this contribution, we describe latest Cretaceous aquatic plant communities from the La Colonia Formation, Patagonia, Argentina, based on their taxonomic components and paleoecological attributes. The La Colonia Formation is a geological unit deposited during a Maastrichtian-Danian transgressive episode of the South Atlantic Ocean. This event resulted in the deposition of a series of fine-grained sediments associated with lagoon systems occurring along irregular coastal plains in northern Patagonia. These deposits preserved a diverse biota, including aquatic and terrestrial plants and animals. The aquatic macrophytes can be broadly divided into two groups: free-floating and rooted, the latter with emergent or floating leaves. Free-floating macrophytes include ferns in Salviniaceae (Azolla and Paleoazolla) and a monocot (Araceae). Floating microphytes include green algae (Botryoccocus, Pediastrum and Zygnemataceae). Among the rooted components, marsileaceous water ferns (including Regnellidium and an extinct form) and the eudicot angiosperm Nelumbo (Nelumbonaceae) are the dominant groups. Terrestrial plants occurring in the vegetation surrounding the lagoons include monocots (palms and Typhaceae), ferns with affinities to Dicksoniaceae, conifers, and dicots. A reconstruction of the aquatic plant paleocommuniy is provided based on the distribution of the fossils along a freshwater horizon within the La Colonia Formation. This contribution constitutes the first reconstruction of a Cretaceous aquatic habitat for southern South America.
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Aquatic ferns from the Upper Cretaceous Loncoche Formation, Mendoza, central-western, Argentina
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: Gabriela G. Puebla, Mercedes B. Prámparo, María A. GandolfoAbstract:Herein, we report new fossil remains with marsileaceous affinity associated with dispersed microspores corresponding to Crybelosporites, different types of massulae of Salvianiaceae (Paleoazolla patagonica and Azolla circinata), and a single megaspore assigned to the fossil genus Grapnelispora. These fossils were recovered from the Late Cretaceous Loncoche Formation, at the Calmu-Co section, Malargue Group, Northern Neuquen Basin, Mendoza, Argentina. The macrofossils include scattered leaflets, rhizomes, roots, and a sporocarp-like structure. They share characters with members of the aquatic fern family Marsileaceae; however, based on the characters preserved, they could not be placed within any extant or fossil species; therefore, the fossils are better included within a new fossil-taxon, Mendozaphyllum loncochense. Dispersed spores of Crybelosporites pannuceus, also belonging to Marsileaceae, were recovered from the entire section. Additionally, abundant isolated massulae with affinity to the aquatic fern family Salviniaceae, and a single megaspore assigned to Grapnelispora loncochensis, were identified from the plant bearing layer. The presence of Marsileaceae fossils in the Campanian–Maastrichtian Loncoche Formation, Mendoza, extends towards the north the paleogeographical distribution of the family Marsileaceae in Argentina, since previous records are from Patagonia. A fluvial to deltaic environment with lacustrine episodes is suggested by the sedimentology of the lower and middle parts of the Calmu-Co section and supported by the abundant fresh water algae recovered from the palynological association. This was probably the optimum habitat for the growth of aquatic ferns related to Marsileaceae and Salviniaceae and explains its abundance in the studied sediments.
Martin Hill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biological Control of Salvinia molesta (D.S. Mitchell) Drives Aquatic Ecosystem Recovery
Diversity, 2020Co-Authors: Samuel N. Motitsoe, Julie A. Coetzee, Jaclyn M. Hill, Martin HillAbstract:Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) is a damaging free-floating invasive alien macrophyte native to South America. The biological control programme against S. molesta by the weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands (Erirhinidae) has been successful in controlling S. molesta infestations in the introduced range, however, there is some debate as to how biological control success is measured. This study measured the response of epilithic algae and aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in a S. molesta-dominated state and subsequently where the weed had been cleared by biological control, as a proxy for ecosystem recovery in a before–after control–impact mesocosm experiment. The restored treatment (S. molesta and C. salviniae) demonstrated epilithic algae and aquatic macroinvertebrate recovery during the “after” biological control phase, defined as similar to the control treatment. Comparatively, the impacted treatment (100% S. molesta) showed a drastic decline in biodiversity and shifts in community assemblages. We conclude that the biological control effort by C. salviniae facilitated biodiversity recovery of the impacted treatment. Furthermore, epilithic algae and aquatic macroinvertebrate communities were reliable biological indicators for measuring ecological impacts of invasion and ecosystem recovery following biological control, and thus represent potential tools for evaluating biological control success and ecological restoration.
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Biological control of Salvinia molesta in South Africa revisited
Biological Control, 2018Co-Authors: G.d. Martin, Julie A. Coetzee, Philip Weyl, M.c. Parkinson, Martin HillAbstract:Abstract The aquatic weed Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. (Salviniaceae) was first recorded in South Africa in the early 1900s, and by the 1960s was regarded as one of South Africa’s worst aquatic weeds. Following the release of the weevil, Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in 1985, the weed is now considered under successful biological control. However, the post-release evaluation of this biological control programme has been ad hoc, therefore, to assess the efficacy of the agent, annual quantitative surveys of South African freshwater systems have been undertaken since 2008. Over the last ten years, of the 57 S. molesta sites visited annually in South Africa, the weevil has established at all of them. Eighteen sites are under successful biological control, where the weed no longer poses a threat to the system and 19 are under substantial biological control, where biological control has reduced the impact of the weed. Since 2008, the average percentage weed cover at sites has declined significantly from 51–100% cover to 0–5% cover in 2017 (R2 = 0.78; P
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The biological control of aquatic weeds in South Africa: Current status and future challenges
Bothalia, 2017Co-Authors: Martin Hill, Julie A. CoetzeeAbstract:Background : Aquatic ecosystems in South Africa are prone to invasion by several invasive alien aquatic weeds, most notably, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub. (Pontederiaceae) (water hyacinth); Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae) (water lettuce); Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. (Salviniaceae) (salvinia); Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell. Conc.) Verd. (parrot’s feather); and Azolla filiculoides Lam. (Azollaceae) (red water fern). Objective : We review the biological control programme on waterweeds in South Africa. Results : Our review shows significant reductions in the extent of invasions, and a return on biodiversity and socio-economic benefits through the use of this method. These studies provide justification for the control of widespread and emerging freshwater invasive alien aquatic weeds in South Africa. Conclusions : The long-term management of alien aquatic vegetation relies on the correct implementation of biological control for those species already in the country and the prevention of other species entering South Africa.
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A review of the biological control programmes on Eichhornia crassipes (C.Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae), Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. (Salviniaceae), Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae), Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. (Haloragaceae) and Azolla filic
African Entomology, 2011Co-Authors: Julie A. Coetzee, Martin Hill, Marcus J. Byrne, Angela BownesAbstract:Biological control against water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (C.Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae), salvinia, Salvinia molesta D.S.Mitch. (Salviniaceae), water lettuce, Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae), parrot's feather, Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. (Haloragaceae), and red water fern, Azolla filiculoides Lam. (Azollaceae) has been ongoing in South Africa since the release of the first biological control agent on water hyacinth in 1974. This review provides an account of progress for the period from 1999. Post-release evaluations over the last three years have shown that, with the exception of water hyacinth, all of these problematic aquatic plants have been suppressed effectively using classical biological control. In eutrophic water bodies at high elevations that experience cold winters, an integrated approach, that includes herbicide application and augmentive biological control, is required against water hyacinth. The grasshopper Cornops aquaticum (Bruner) (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Leptysminae) has ...
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Quantitative Post-Release Evaluation of Biological Control of Floating Fern, Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae), with Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on the Senegal River and Senegal River Delta
African Entomology, 2009Co-Authors: O Diop, Martin HillAbstract:The floating aquatic fern, Salvinia molesta D.S Mitchell (Salviniaceae) was first recorded in Senegal in 1999 and by 2000 it covered an estimated area of 18 000 ha on the Senegal River Left Bank and tributaries (Senegal) and 7840 ha on the Senegal River Right Bank (Mauritania). The weevil, Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was considered the best option for control and some 48 953 weevils were released at 270 sites during 2002. Within one year, weevils had established and were recovered up to 50 km from the release sites. At most of the release sites, the S. molesta infestation was reduced from 100% to less than 5% within 24 months of release. These results are discussed in the context of the weed's negative impact on aquatic systems.
María M. Ronderos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A new species of Dasyhelea from Brazilian Amazonas and the description of the male of D. paulistana (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 2014Co-Authors: Florentina Díaz, Gustavo R. Spinelli, Sharlene Roberta Da Silva Torreias, María M. RonderosAbstract:A new species, Dasyhelea pseudopollinosa Diaz & Ronderos sp. nov., is described from Brazil, illustrated and photographed as pupae and male and female adults. The male of D. paulistana Forattini & Rabello, 1957 is described for the first time, and the pupa and female adult are redescribed. Pupae of both species were collected from mats of floating fern leaves (Salviniaceae and Azollaceae) in Brazil and Argentina, and exhibit a respiratory organ which is thick at the base and tapering to a sharp apex, and segment 9 with elongate, slender apicolateral process. Differences between the two species are established, and they are also compared with Nearctic congeners that have the same kind of pupa: D. pollinosa Wirth, 1952, D. traverae Thomsen, 1935, and D. chani Wirth & Linley, 1990.
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The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)
Elsevier, 2011Co-Authors: María M. Ronderos, Art Borkent, Pablo I. Marino, Gustavo R. Spinelli, Ruth L. Ferreira-kepplerAbstract:The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). The pupa of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan, 1972, collected from a mat of floating fern (Salvinia auriculata Aubl., Salviniaceae) in Ilha da Marchantaria near Manaus, Brazil and the reared adult male are described, photographed and illustrated for the first time. This is the first detailed pupal description for the genus Neobezzia Wirth & Ratanaworabhan.Pupa e adulto macho previamente desconhecidos de Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). A pupa de Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan, 1972 foi coletada em macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes (Salvinia auriculata Aubl., Salviniaceae) na Ilha da Marchantaria próximo a Manaus, Brasil e o adulto macho criado foi descrito, fotografado e ilustrado pela primeira vez. Esta é a primeira descrição para a pupa do gênero Neobezzia Wirth & Ratanaworabhan
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The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2011Co-Authors: María M. Ronderos, Art Borkent, Pablo I. Marino, Gustavo R. Spinelli, Ruth L. Ferreira-kepplerAbstract:The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). The pupa of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan, 1972, collected from a mat of floating fern (Salvinia auriculata Aubl., Salviniaceae) in Ilha da Marchantaria near Manaus, Brazil and the reared adult male are described, photographed and illustrated for the first time. This is the first detailed pupal description for the genus Neobezzia Wirth & Ratanaworabhan.
Ruth L. Ferreira-keppler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)
Elsevier, 2011Co-Authors: María M. Ronderos, Art Borkent, Pablo I. Marino, Gustavo R. Spinelli, Ruth L. Ferreira-kepplerAbstract:The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). The pupa of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan, 1972, collected from a mat of floating fern (Salvinia auriculata Aubl., Salviniaceae) in Ilha da Marchantaria near Manaus, Brazil and the reared adult male are described, photographed and illustrated for the first time. This is the first detailed pupal description for the genus Neobezzia Wirth & Ratanaworabhan.Pupa e adulto macho previamente desconhecidos de Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). A pupa de Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan, 1972 foi coletada em macrófitas aquáticas flutuantes (Salvinia auriculata Aubl., Salviniaceae) na Ilha da Marchantaria próximo a Manaus, Brasil e o adulto macho criado foi descrito, fotografado e ilustrado pela primeira vez. Esta é a primeira descrição para a pupa do gênero Neobezzia Wirth & Ratanaworabhan
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The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2011Co-Authors: María M. Ronderos, Art Borkent, Pablo I. Marino, Gustavo R. Spinelli, Ruth L. Ferreira-kepplerAbstract:The previously unknown pupa and adult male of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). The pupa of Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth & Ratanaworabhan, 1972, collected from a mat of floating fern (Salvinia auriculata Aubl., Salviniaceae) in Ilha da Marchantaria near Manaus, Brazil and the reared adult male are described, photographed and illustrated for the first time. This is the first detailed pupal description for the genus Neobezzia Wirth & Ratanaworabhan.
E. Knobloch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ariadnaesporites and Capulisporites: water fern' megaspores from the Upper Cretaceous of central Europe
Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1994Co-Authors: David J. Batten, Margaret E. Collinson, E. KnoblochAbstract:Abstract Megaspores with prominent acrolamellae and body-processes (appendages) from Upper Cretaceous (upper Turonian-Santonian) deposits in south Bohemia, Czech Republic, originally referred by Knobloch to Arcellites medusus (Dijkstra) Potter are redescribed as Ariadnaesporites pilifer sp. nov. and Capulisporites klikovensis sp. nov. based on SEM and TEM studies. Although differing in gross morphology and to some extent in wall-structure, they are sufficiently similar to suggest that they represent closely related plant taxa. These may have belonged to an extinct group of “water ferns” rather than to either of the modern hydropterid families Marsileaceae and Salviniaceae.
