The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Katarzyna Hrynkiewicz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A window into fungal endophytism in Salicornia europaea: deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents
Plant and Soil, 2019Co-Authors: Bliss Ursula Furtado, Sonia Szymanska, Katarzyna HrynkiewiczAbstract:AimPlant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated.MethodFungi were isolated from Salicornia europaea collected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions.ResultsMost isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and Saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainly Aureobasidium sp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen for Epiccocum sp., Arthrinium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Inoculating the non-host Lolium perenne with selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont ( Epichloë )-free variety. Arthrinium gamsii CR1-9 and Stereum gausapatum ISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion.ConclusionsThis research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.
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a window into fungal endophytism in salicornia europaea deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents
Plant and Soil, 2019Co-Authors: Bliss Ursula Furtado, Sonia Szymanska, Katarzyna HrynkiewiczAbstract:Plant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated. Fungi were isolated from Salicornia europaea collected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions. Most isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and Saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainly Aureobasidium sp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen for Epiccocum sp., Arthrinium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Inoculating the non-host Lolium perenne with selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont (Epichloe)-free variety. Arthrinium gamsii CR1-9 and Stereum gausapatum ISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion. This research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.
Kevin D Hyde - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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arthrinium bambusicola fungi sordariomycetes a new species from schizostachyum brachycladum in northern thailand
Biodiversity Data Journal, 2020Co-Authors: Kevin D Hyde, Xia Tang, Ishani D Goonasekara, Ruvishika S Jayawardena, Hong Bo Jiang, Ji C KangAbstract:Background Species of the fungal genus Arthrinium (Sordariomycetes, Amphisphaeriales, Apiosporaceae) are often found on bamboo in Asia. They are endophytes, Saprobes and important plant pathogens. The genus Arthrinium currently contains 92 species and is widely distributed in North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Oceania. New information In this study, a new species, Arthrinium bambusicola sp. nov., is described and illustrated. The new taxon is characterised by oval to broadly or irregularly round, medium brown, multi-guttulate to roughened, granular conidia, with finely pale slits in the outer edges. Arthrinium bambusicola can be distinguished from the closest related species A. gutiae by its conidial characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses of a four-locus dataset (ITS, LSU, TEF1, TUB2) confirm that A. bambusicola is a distinct new species.
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Taxonomy and phylogenetic appraisal of Spegazzinia musae sp. nov. and S. deightonii (Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales) on Musaceae from Thailand.
MycoKeys, 2020Co-Authors: Binu C. Samarakoon, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Kevin D Hyde, Eric H C Mckenzie, Rungtiwa Phookamsak, Putarak Chomnunti, Itthayakorn PromputthaAbstract:Tropical plants host a range of fungal niches including endophytes, pathogens, epiphytes and Saprobes. A study undertaken to discover the saprobic fungal species associated with Musa sp. (banana) from northern Thailand found two hyphomycetous taxa of Spegazzinia (Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales). These were collected during the dry season and their morpho-molecular taxonomic relationships were investigated. Based on phylogenetic analysis of combined SSU, LSU, ITS and TEF1-α sequence data (77% ML, 0.99 BYPP) and contrasting morphological features to the sister taxon, we introduce Spegazzinia musae as a novel species from a decaying leaf of Musa sp. Details on the taxonomy, ecology and geographical distribution of Spegazzinia species are provided. In addition, we report S. deightonii as a new host record from Musa sp. Our data further validate the taxonomic placement of Spegazzinia in Didymosphaeriaceae.
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morphology and phylogeny reveal stemphylium dianthi sp nov and new host records for the sexual morphs of s beticola s gracilariae s simmonsii and s vesicarium from italy and russia
Phytotaxa, 2019Co-Authors: Rashika S Brahmanage, Erio Camporesi, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Rajesh Jeewon, M C Dayarathne, Jiye Yan, Timur S Bulgakov, Pattana Kakumyan, Kevin D HydeAbstract:In an investigation of related pleosporalean taxa collected from Italy and Russia, a novel species, Stemphylium dianthi and new host and geographical records of S. beticola , S. gracilariae , S. simmonsii and S. vesicarium are reported . Stemphylium is a genus of filamentous ascomycetes comprising plant pathogens and Saprobes in the family Pleosporaceae. Our new species, S. dianthi is a dematiaceous hyphomycete, which can be distinguished from other hyphomycetes as it forms phaeodictyospores based on the percurrent rejuvenation of its conidiophores, and apically swollen conidiogenous cells. The sexual morphs of S. gracilariae and S. vesicarium are new host records from Italy and Russia respectively. Stemphylium beticola from dead stem of Dianthus capitatus and S. simmonsii from Acer campestre are herein described from a natural host substrate for the first time. An updated phylogenetic tree for Stemphylium is constructed using multi-genes (ITS, gapdh and cmdA ) to confirm the phylogenetic relationships of Stemphylium species presented in this study. This paper provides morphological descriptions, illustrations and molecular data for each taxon.
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Molecular taxonomy reveals the sexual morph of Nodulosphaeria digitalis in Phaeosphaeriaceae from Campanula trachelium in Italy
Phytotaxa, 2019Co-Authors: Napalai Chaiwan, Erio Camporesi, Saranyaphat Boonmee, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Saisamorn Lumyong, Kevin D HydeAbstract:The fungal genus Nodulosphaeria is one of the oldest phaeosphaeriaceous genera that comprises saprobic, endophytic and pathogenic species associated with a wide variety of substrates. There are 71 species epithets listed under Nodulosphaeria in Index Fungorum and most of these published records lack illustrations and descriptions, or DNA sequence data and thus it is challenging to confirm their names or investigate taxonomic relationships. In this study, we report the sexual morph of Nodulosphaeria digitalis , a terrestrial Saprobe belonging to the genus Nodulosphaeria (Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales), on stems of Campanula trachelium from Arezzo Province, Italy. This is the first record of a Nodulosphaeria taxon on Campanulaceae. Maximum likelihood, Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF1-α sequence data reveal that the novel isolate belongs to the family Phaeosphaeriaceae and nests with Nodulosphaeria digitalis with strong bootstrap support. The detailed descriptions and illustrations of the sexual morph of N . digitalis , an updated phylogenetic tree for the genus Nodulosphaeria are provided.
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Hidden mycota of pine needles: Molecular signatures from PCR-DGGE and Ribosomal DNA phylogenetic characterization of novel phylotypes
Nature Publishing Group, 2018Co-Authors: Rajesh Jeewon, Hong-kai Wang, Quin S. Y. Yeung, Dhanushka N. Wannasinghe, Sillma Rampadarath, Daneshwar Puchooa, Kevin D HydeAbstract:Abstract Previous studies for enumerating fungal communities on pine needles relied entirely on phenotypic diversity (microscopy) or identification based on DNA sequence data from those taxa recovered via cultural studies. To bypass limitations of the culturing methods and provide a more realistic diversity estimate, we employed and assessed a PCR-DGGE based method coupled with rDNA phylogenetic sequence analyses to characterize fungal taxa associated with pine needles. Fresh (living) and decayed needles from three hosts of the Pinaceae (Keteleeria fortunei, Pinus elliottii and P. massoniana) were examined. Morphological studies reveal that the most abundant species associated with decayed needles were Cladosporium cladosporioides and an unidentified Trichoderma species followed by Gliocephalotrichum sp., Gliocladium sp., Lophodermium pinastri, Paecilomyces varioti, Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus and a Phoma sp, which are commonly occurring fungi. Community genomic data from freshly collected and decayed pine needles recovered 40 operational taxonomic units, which appear to be mostly undetected members of the natural fungal consortium. Sequence analyses revealed a number of phylotypes or “species” that were not recovered using traditional morphological and cultural approaches previously used. Phylogenetic data from partial 18S rDNA sequence data reveal that most phylotypes represent potential novel phylogenetic fungal lineages with affinities to the Dothideomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Sordariomycetes and were not identical to previously known endophytes or Saprobes. Although the major ecological roles of these phylotypes in pine needles are still enigmatic, this study provides new insights in hidden fungal diversity that mycologists are possibly ignoring given the discrepancies associated with available methods. To what extent do previously recovered identified species (either as Saprobes or endophytes) from morphological or culturing studies act as pioneer decomposers or constitute an integral part of endophytic community warrants further investigation
Bliss Ursula Furtado - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A window into fungal endophytism in Salicornia europaea: deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents
Plant and Soil, 2019Co-Authors: Bliss Ursula Furtado, Sonia Szymanska, Katarzyna HrynkiewiczAbstract:AimPlant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated.MethodFungi were isolated from Salicornia europaea collected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions.ResultsMost isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and Saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainly Aureobasidium sp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen for Epiccocum sp., Arthrinium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Inoculating the non-host Lolium perenne with selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont ( Epichloë )-free variety. Arthrinium gamsii CR1-9 and Stereum gausapatum ISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion.ConclusionsThis research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.
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a window into fungal endophytism in salicornia europaea deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents
Plant and Soil, 2019Co-Authors: Bliss Ursula Furtado, Sonia Szymanska, Katarzyna HrynkiewiczAbstract:Plant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated. Fungi were isolated from Salicornia europaea collected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions. Most isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and Saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainly Aureobasidium sp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen for Epiccocum sp., Arthrinium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Inoculating the non-host Lolium perenne with selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont (Epichloe)-free variety. Arthrinium gamsii CR1-9 and Stereum gausapatum ISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion. This research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.
Sonia Szymanska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A window into fungal endophytism in Salicornia europaea: deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents
Plant and Soil, 2019Co-Authors: Bliss Ursula Furtado, Sonia Szymanska, Katarzyna HrynkiewiczAbstract:AimPlant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated.MethodFungi were isolated from Salicornia europaea collected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions.ResultsMost isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and Saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainly Aureobasidium sp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen for Epiccocum sp., Arthrinium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Inoculating the non-host Lolium perenne with selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont ( Epichloë )-free variety. Arthrinium gamsii CR1-9 and Stereum gausapatum ISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion.ConclusionsThis research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.
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a window into fungal endophytism in salicornia europaea deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents
Plant and Soil, 2019Co-Authors: Bliss Ursula Furtado, Sonia Szymanska, Katarzyna HrynkiewiczAbstract:Plant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated. Fungi were isolated from Salicornia europaea collected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions. Most isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and Saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainly Aureobasidium sp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen for Epiccocum sp., Arthrinium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Inoculating the non-host Lolium perenne with selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont (Epichloe)-free variety. Arthrinium gamsii CR1-9 and Stereum gausapatum ISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion. This research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.
Ari Jumpponen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Deep Ion Torrent sequencing identifies soil fungal community shifts after frequent prescribed fires in a southeastern US forest ecosystem
FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 2013Co-Authors: Shawn P Brown, Alena K. Oliver, Mac A. Callaham, Ari JumpponenAbstract:Prescribed burning is a common management tool to control fuel loads, ground vegetation, and facilitate desirable game species. We evaluated soil fungal community responses to long-term prescribed fire treatments in a loblolly pine forest on the Piedmont of Georgia and utilized deep Internal Transcribed Spacer Region 1 (ITS1) amplicon sequencing afforded by the recent Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM). These deep sequence data (19,000 + reads per sample after subsampling) indicate that frequent fires (3-year fire interval) shift soil fungus communities, whereas infrequent fires (6-year fire interval) permit system resetting to a state similar to that without prescribed fire. Furthermore, in nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses, primarily ectomycorrhizal taxa were correlated with axes associated with long fire intervals, whereas soil Saprobes tended to be correlated with the frequent fire recurrence. We conclude that (1) multiplexed Ion Torrent PGM analyses allow deep cost effective sequencing of fungal communities but may suffer from short read lengths and inconsistent sequence quality adjacent to the sequencing adaptor; (2) frequent prescribed fires elicit a shift in soil fungal communities; and (3) such shifts do not occur when fire intervals are longer. Our results emphasize the general responsiveness of these forests to management, and the importance of fire return intervals in meeting management objectives.
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Analysis of ribosomal RNA indicates seasonal fungal community dynamics in Andropogon gerardii roots
Mycorrhiza, 2011Co-Authors: Ari JumpponenAbstract:Use of the reverse-transcribed small subunit of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was tested for exploring seasonal dynamics of fungal communities associated with the roots of the dominant tallgrass prairie grass, Andropogon gerardii . Ribosomal RNA was extracted, reverse-transcribed, and PCR-amplified in four sampling events in May, July, September, and November. Analyses of cloned PCR amplicons indicated that the A. gerardii rhizospheres host phylogenetically diverse fungal communities and that these communities are seasonally dynamic. Operational taxonomic units with Basic Local Alignment Search Tool affinities within the order Helotiales were dominant in the rhizosphere in May. These putative Saprobes were largely replaced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with likely affinities within Glomerales suggesting that the fungal communities are not only compositionally but also functionally dynamic. These data suggest replacement of functional guilds comprised of saprobic fungi by mutualistic fungi in the course of a growing season.
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massively parallel 454 sequencing of fungal communities in quercus spp ectomycorrhizas indicates seasonal dynamics in urban and rural sites
Molecular Ecology, 2010Co-Authors: Ari Jumpponen, Kenneth L Jones, David J Mattox, Chulee YaegeAbstract:We analysed two sites within and outside an urban development in a rural background to estimate the fungal richness, diversity and community composition in Quercus spp. ectomycorrhizas using massively parallel 454-sequencing in combination with DNAtagging. Our analyses indicated that shallow sequencing (150 sequences) of a large number of samples (192 in total) provided data that allowed identification of seasonal trends within the fungal communities: putative root-associated antagonists and Saprobes that were abundant early in the growing season were replaced by common ectomycorrhizal fungi in the course of the growing season. Ordination analyses identified a number of factors that were correlated with the observed communities including host species as well as soil organic matter, nutrient and heavy metal enrichment. Overall, our application of the high throughput 454 sequencing provided an expedient means for characterization of fungal communities.
