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Claes Ohlsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sex Steroid metabolism in the regulation of bone health in men
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Liesbeth Vandenput, Claes OhlssonAbstract:The growth and maintenance of both the female and the male skeleton are influenced by Sex Steroids. Although the regulation of the female skeleton by estrogens is well established, the relative importance of androgens and estrogens for the male skeleton remains uncertain. Evidence from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies suggests that serum estradiol levels are more strongly associated with bone mineral density, bone turnover and bone loss than testosterone levels are in adult men. In addition, it appears that a threshold level of serum estradiol exists for optimal skeletal maturation and prevention of both bone loss and fractures. Also, the specificity of the assay technique should be considered when examining serum Sex Steroid levels in epidemiological cohorts, with a preference for the gold standard mass spectrometry. Additionally, serum levels of Sex Steroid metabolites, rather than the bio-active Sex Steroids, may be better markers of local Sex Steroid action at the target tissue level. In this respect, serum levels of glucuronidated androgen metabolites appear to provide additional information as markers of local androgenic activity in bone than the bio-active androgens. Taken together, even though an important role of testosterone is not excluded, estradiol is an important regulator of bone health in men.
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are there any sensitive and specific Sex Steroid markers for polycystic ovary syndrome
Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 2010Co-Authors: Elisabet Stenervictorin, Goran Holm, Fernand Labrie, Lars Nilsson, Per Olof Janson, Claes OhlssonAbstract:Hyperandrogenemia is the primary biochemical abnormality in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Despite numerous studies looking for differences in the levels of testosterone and other Sex Steroid hormones between women with PCOS and control populations, no definitive diagnostic endocrine markers for this syndrome have been identified. The investigators hypothesized that measurement of serum levels of Sex Steroid hormones with mass spectrometry would provide a more comprehensive profile of these hormones, and might show higher levels in women with PCOS than in controls. This cross-sectional study measured serum levels of Sex Steroid hormones in women with PCOS and controls, using a specific and sensitive mass spectrometry-based technique, to determine whether higher levels of some of these hormones could be diagnostic markers for the syndrome. The study population was comprised of women with PCOS (study group, n = 74) and a control group (n = 31). Levels of serum Sex Steroid precursors, estrogens, androgens, and glucuronidated androgen metabolites were measured in both groups. Immunoassays were performed to determine levels of Sex hormone binding globulin, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); and the LH/FSH ratio was calculated. Multivariate analysis was used to adjust for covariables. Before and after adjustment for age and body mass index, serum levels of androgens and estrogens, Sex Steroid precursors, and glucuronidated androgen metabolites were higher in women with PCOS compared to controls. Levels of LH and the LH/FSH ratio were also higher in women with PCOS. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that both estrone and free testosterone were independently associated with PCOS; the odds ratios per standard deviation increase were 23.8 for estrone, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 4.1 to 139.7, and 12.0 for free testosterone, with a 95% CI of 3.0 to 49.0. In combination, the association was even stronger. Estrone levels greater than 50 pg/mL and free testosterone levels more than 3.3 pg/mL discriminated between women with and without PCOS, with high specificity and sensitivity. In receiver operating characteristic analyses of the ability of estrone and free testosterone to detect PCOS, both had high sensitivity and specificity; the area under the curve was 0.93 for estrone (95% CI, 0.88-0.98) and 0.91 for free testosterone (95% CI, 0.86―0.97). These findings show that comprehensive analysis of serum Sex Steroid levels, with specific and sensitive mass spectrometry techniques is able to distinguish women with PCOS from controls. Serum levels of Sex Steroid precursors, androgens, glucuronidated androgen metabolites, and estrogens are higher compared to controls. Estrone and free testosterone—individually and especially in combination—are independently associated with PCOS.
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are there any sensitive and specific Sex Steroid markers for polycystic ovary syndrome
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2010Co-Authors: Elisabet Stenervictorin, Goran Holm, Fernand Labrie, Lars Nilsson, Per Olof Janson, Claes OhlssonAbstract:Context: Despite the high prevalence of hyperandrogenemia, the principal biochemical abnormality in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a definitive endocrine marker for PCOS has so far not been identified. Objective: To identify a tentative diagnostic marker for PCOS, we compared serum levels of Sex Steroids, their precursors, and main metabolites in women with PCOS and controls. Design and Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 74 women with PCOS and 31 controls, we used gas and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to analyze serum Sex Steroid precursors, estrogens, androgens, and glucuronidated androgen metabolites; performed immunoassays of SHBG, LH, and FSH; and calculated the LH/FSH ratio. Results: Androgens and estrogens, Sex Steroid precursors, and glucuronidated androgen metabolites were higher in women with PCOS than in controls. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, estrone and free testosterone were independently associated with PCOS. The odds ratios per sd increase were...
Roberto Frairia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The membrane receptor for Sex Steroid binding protein is not ubiquitous
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 1992Co-Authors: Roberto Frairia, Federica Fissore, M. Orsello, Annamaria Fazzari, Loris Varvello, Nicoletta Fortunati, Patrizia Zeppegno, Laura BertaAbstract:The tissue distribution of the membrane receptor for the Sex Steroid Binding Protein (SBP) has been studied, either in estrogen/androgen dependent tissues and in tissues not strictly Sex Steroid dependent. A specific interaction of SBP with cell mem-branes has been observed to occur only in estro gen/androgen dependent tissues, some of them had been previously shown by our laboratory and by other authors to possess a specific receptor for the protein. Thus, the Sex Steroid dependence of the tissue is likely to be determinant for the expression of the membrane receptor for Sex Steroid Binding Protein.
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Sex Steroid-binding protein interacts with a specific receptor on human premenopausal endometrium membrane: modulating effect of estradiol.
Steroids, 1991Co-Authors: Nicoletta Fortunati, Federica Fissore, Laura Berta, Annamaria Fazzari, Mauro Giudici, Roberto FrairiaAbstract:Abstract Sex Steroid-binding protein receptor was detected on membranes prepared from human premenopausal endometrium. The binding of Sex Steroid-binding protein to membranes was specific, saturable, and high affinity. Scatchard analysis showed the presence of two binding sites at different affinities. The addition of estradiol (10 −8 M) did not produce any inhibition of binding; indeed, it resulted in a modification of binding characteristics. The demonstration of Sex Steroid-binding protein receptor on membranes of human premenopausal endometrium indicates that the expression of receptor on membranes is not an effect of estrogen over stimulation on target tissues. Estradiol could act as a modulating factor of the binding, probably reflecting the sensitivity of tissues to different Steroids. (Steroids 56 :341–346, 1991)
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Sex Steroid binding protein (SBP) receptors in estrogen sensitive tissues.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 1991Co-Authors: Roberto Frairia, Federica Fissore, Laura Berta, Annamaria Fazzari, Nicoletta Fortunati, Gianpiero GaidanoAbstract:Abstract Since the discovery of a specific membrane binding site for Sex Steroid binding protein (SBP) in human decidual endometrium and in hyperplastic prostate numerous speculations have been raised on the existence of an additional non-receptor-mediated system for Steroid hormone action. In the present work SBP cell membrane binding was investigated in human estrogen target tissues other than those previously studied either in the absence of Steroids or in the presence of varying amounts (10−10−10−6M) of estradiol, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, respectively. Plasma membranes obtained by differential centrifugation from homogenized samples of pre-menopausal endometrium, endometrium adenocarcinoma, normal liver and post-menopausal breast showed a specific binding of highly purified [125I]SBP: a major displacement of labeled SBP was elicited by radioinert SBP, while no significant displacement occurred when other human plasma proteins were used as cold competitors (molar excess ranging 500–10,000-fold). A specific, time-dependent binding of [125I]SBP was also observed in MCF-7 and in Hep-G2 cell lines. The different patterns of specific binding, observed in membranes from different tissues when SBP was liganded with different Sex Steroid molecules, leads us to consider the tissue individuality of the receptor as a further entity in the membrane recognition system for SBP.
Hironobu Sasano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sex Steroid receptors in human lung diseases.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2011Co-Authors: Mohit K Verma, Yasuhiro Miki, Hironobu SasanoAbstract:Several epidemiological studies have reported that gender differences exist in clinical and biological manifestations of human lung diseases. In particular, women are far more likely to develop both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lung diseases than men. This gender difference above suggests that Sex Steroid may be involved in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases. These Sex Steroids mediate their effects through Sex Steroid receptors including estrogen receptors (ER) i.e. ERα and ERβ progesterone receptors (PR) i.e. PR-A and PR-B and androgen receptors (ARs), all of which have been reported to be expressed in lung tissue. Therefore it becomes important to clarify the potential roles of Sex Steroid receptor in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lung diseases toward improved treatment options for the patients. In this review, we summarized a number of studies in humans and experimental animals that have identified possible roles of Sex Steroids in respiratory physiology and pathology.
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Expression profiles of Sex Steroid receptors in desmoid tumors
Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Masato Ishizuka, Hironobu Sasano, Takashi Suzuki, Masahito Hatori, Osamu Dohi, Yasuhiro Miki, Chika Tazawa, Shoichi KokubunAbstract:Desmoid tumors are benign fibrous neoplasms which arise from the fibrous tissue of intra- and extra- abdominal sites, but their clinical management is sometimes difficult because of extensive infiltration into the surrounding tissues. Desmoid tumors commonly occur in women, especially after childbirth. Recently, both clinical and experimental findings indicate the possible roles of Sex Steroids in the development and progression of desmoid tumors but detailed information is still ambiguous. In this study, we first examined immunoreactivity of Sex Steroid receptors in desmoid tumors (27 cases) by immunohistochemistry and compared the findings with those in reactive self-limiting lesions associated with fibrosis (8 cases). Estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ immunoreactivities were detected in 7.4% (2/27) and 7.4% (2/27) of desmoid tumors, respectively. One desmoid tumor expressed both ERα and ERβ. Progesterone receptor (PR)-A and PR-B were detected in 25.9% (7/27) and 33.3% (9/27), respectively, and androgen receptor (AR) in 52.9% (14/27). In reactive lesions with fibrosis, only AR was detected in 37.5% (3/8). Sex Steroid receptor mRNAs was further examined by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis using fresh frozen tissues, demonstrating the expression of PR (PR-A and/or PR-B) and AR mRNAs in eight desmoid tumors examined and all cases of reactive fibrosis. These results indicate that Sex Steroid hormones might play an important role in the pathogenesis of desmoid tumors and could lead to the introduction of novel hormone therapeutic approaches in managing patients with recurrent desmoid tumors.
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Sex Steroid hormone receptors in human skin appendage and its neoplasms
Endocrine Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Yoshiyuki Kariya, Mariko Chiba, Mareyuki Endoh, Mika Watanabe, Kazuyuki Ishida, Takuya Moriya, Junji Takeyama, Takashi Suzuki, Hironobu SasanoAbstract:Sex Steroids have been postulated to influence pathophysiology of human skin through various skin appendages. The presence of Sex Steroid receptors has been also reported in adnexal tumors but its details still remained unknown. Therefore, in this study, we immunolocalized Sex Steroid receptor protein (estrogen receptor (ER)α, ERβ, progesterone receptor (PR)A, PRB and androgen receptor (AR)) in 23 cases of non-pathological skin (male: 10, female: 13) and in 50 cases of skin adnexal tumors (male 24, female 26; 38 benign and 12 malignant). ERα immunoreactivity was detected exclusively in basal cells of sebaceous glands of non-pathological skin. AR and PRB immunoreactivity was detected in both differentiated and basal cells of sebaceous gland. AR and ERβ immunoreactivity was also detected in sebaceous and eccrine sweat glands but not in outer root sheath of hair follicles. In sebaceous gland neoplasms, the number of ERα positive cases was significantly lower in skin appendage neoplasms than non-pathological skin. ERβ immunoreactivity was not detected in any of sebaceous gland neoplasms examined. There were no significant differences in PRA, PRB and AR immunoreactivity between non-pathological sebaceous gland and its neoplasm. In sweat gland neoplasms, the number of AR positive cases was significantly lower in benign neoplasms than their non-pathological counterpart. Therefore Sex Steroids are considered to play important roles in regulation of non-pathological skin appendage function and pathogenesis and/or development of its neoplasm. In addition, the status of the great majority of Sex Steroid hormone receptors was maintained throughout the process of neoplastic transformation of skin appendages, except for AR and ERα in sweat and sebaceous gland neoplasms.
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Sex Steroid hormone receptors in human skin appendage and its neoplasms
Endocrine Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Yoshiyuki Kariya, Mariko Chiba, Mareyuki Endoh, Mika Watanabe, Kazuyuki Ishida, Takuya Moriya, Junji Takeyama, Takashi Suzuki, Hironobu SasanoAbstract:Sex Steroids have been postulated to influence pathophysiology of human skin through various skin appendages. The presence of Sex Steroid receptors has been also reported in adnexal tumors but its details still remained unknown. Therefore, in this study, we immunolocalized Sex Steroid receptor protein (estrogen receptor (ER)alpha, ERbeta, progesterone receptor (PR)A, PRB and androgen receptor (AR)) in 23 cases of non-pathological skin (male: 10, female: 13) and in 50 cases of skin adnexal tumors (male 24, female 26; 38 benign and 12 malignant). ERalpha immunoreactivity was detected exclusively in basal cells of sebaceous glands of non-pathological skin. AR and PRB immunoreactivity was detected in both differentiated and basal cells of sebaceous gland. AR and ERbeta immunoreactivity was also detected in sebaceous and eccrine sweat glands but not in outer root sheath of hair follicles. In sebaceous gland neoplasms, the number of ERalpha positive cases was significantly lower in skin appendage neoplasms than non-pathological skin. ERbeta immunoreactivity was not detected in any of sebaceous gland neoplasms examined. There were no significant differences in PRA, PRB and AR immunoreactivity between non-pathological sebaceous gland and its neoplasm. In sweat gland neoplasms, the number of AR positive cases was significantly lower in benign neoplasms than their non-pathological counterpart. Therefore Sex Steroids are considered to play important roles in regulation of non-pathological skin appendage function and pathogenesis and/or development of its neoplasm. In addition, the status of the great majority of Sex Steroid hormone receptors was maintained throughout the process of neoplastic transformation of skin appendages, except for AR and ERalpha in sweat and sebaceous gland neoplasms.
Nicoletta Fortunati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The membrane receptor for Sex Steroid binding protein is not ubiquitous
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 1992Co-Authors: Roberto Frairia, Federica Fissore, M. Orsello, Annamaria Fazzari, Loris Varvello, Nicoletta Fortunati, Patrizia Zeppegno, Laura BertaAbstract:The tissue distribution of the membrane receptor for the Sex Steroid Binding Protein (SBP) has been studied, either in estrogen/androgen dependent tissues and in tissues not strictly Sex Steroid dependent. A specific interaction of SBP with cell mem-branes has been observed to occur only in estro gen/androgen dependent tissues, some of them had been previously shown by our laboratory and by other authors to possess a specific receptor for the protein. Thus, the Sex Steroid dependence of the tissue is likely to be determinant for the expression of the membrane receptor for Sex Steroid Binding Protein.
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Sex Steroid-binding protein interacts with a specific receptor on human premenopausal endometrium membrane: modulating effect of estradiol.
Steroids, 1991Co-Authors: Nicoletta Fortunati, Federica Fissore, Laura Berta, Annamaria Fazzari, Mauro Giudici, Roberto FrairiaAbstract:Abstract Sex Steroid-binding protein receptor was detected on membranes prepared from human premenopausal endometrium. The binding of Sex Steroid-binding protein to membranes was specific, saturable, and high affinity. Scatchard analysis showed the presence of two binding sites at different affinities. The addition of estradiol (10 −8 M) did not produce any inhibition of binding; indeed, it resulted in a modification of binding characteristics. The demonstration of Sex Steroid-binding protein receptor on membranes of human premenopausal endometrium indicates that the expression of receptor on membranes is not an effect of estrogen over stimulation on target tissues. Estradiol could act as a modulating factor of the binding, probably reflecting the sensitivity of tissues to different Steroids. (Steroids 56 :341–346, 1991)
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Sex Steroid binding protein (SBP) receptors in estrogen sensitive tissues.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 1991Co-Authors: Roberto Frairia, Federica Fissore, Laura Berta, Annamaria Fazzari, Nicoletta Fortunati, Gianpiero GaidanoAbstract:Abstract Since the discovery of a specific membrane binding site for Sex Steroid binding protein (SBP) in human decidual endometrium and in hyperplastic prostate numerous speculations have been raised on the existence of an additional non-receptor-mediated system for Steroid hormone action. In the present work SBP cell membrane binding was investigated in human estrogen target tissues other than those previously studied either in the absence of Steroids or in the presence of varying amounts (10−10−10−6M) of estradiol, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, respectively. Plasma membranes obtained by differential centrifugation from homogenized samples of pre-menopausal endometrium, endometrium adenocarcinoma, normal liver and post-menopausal breast showed a specific binding of highly purified [125I]SBP: a major displacement of labeled SBP was elicited by radioinert SBP, while no significant displacement occurred when other human plasma proteins were used as cold competitors (molar excess ranging 500–10,000-fold). A specific, time-dependent binding of [125I]SBP was also observed in MCF-7 and in Hep-G2 cell lines. The different patterns of specific binding, observed in membranes from different tissues when SBP was liganded with different Sex Steroid molecules, leads us to consider the tissue individuality of the receptor as a further entity in the membrane recognition system for SBP.
Takashi Suzuki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Expression profiles of Sex Steroid receptors in desmoid tumors
Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Masato Ishizuka, Hironobu Sasano, Takashi Suzuki, Masahito Hatori, Osamu Dohi, Yasuhiro Miki, Chika Tazawa, Shoichi KokubunAbstract:Desmoid tumors are benign fibrous neoplasms which arise from the fibrous tissue of intra- and extra- abdominal sites, but their clinical management is sometimes difficult because of extensive infiltration into the surrounding tissues. Desmoid tumors commonly occur in women, especially after childbirth. Recently, both clinical and experimental findings indicate the possible roles of Sex Steroids in the development and progression of desmoid tumors but detailed information is still ambiguous. In this study, we first examined immunoreactivity of Sex Steroid receptors in desmoid tumors (27 cases) by immunohistochemistry and compared the findings with those in reactive self-limiting lesions associated with fibrosis (8 cases). Estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ immunoreactivities were detected in 7.4% (2/27) and 7.4% (2/27) of desmoid tumors, respectively. One desmoid tumor expressed both ERα and ERβ. Progesterone receptor (PR)-A and PR-B were detected in 25.9% (7/27) and 33.3% (9/27), respectively, and androgen receptor (AR) in 52.9% (14/27). In reactive lesions with fibrosis, only AR was detected in 37.5% (3/8). Sex Steroid receptor mRNAs was further examined by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis using fresh frozen tissues, demonstrating the expression of PR (PR-A and/or PR-B) and AR mRNAs in eight desmoid tumors examined and all cases of reactive fibrosis. These results indicate that Sex Steroid hormones might play an important role in the pathogenesis of desmoid tumors and could lead to the introduction of novel hormone therapeutic approaches in managing patients with recurrent desmoid tumors.
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Sex Steroid hormone receptors in human skin appendage and its neoplasms
Endocrine Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Yoshiyuki Kariya, Mariko Chiba, Mareyuki Endoh, Mika Watanabe, Kazuyuki Ishida, Takuya Moriya, Junji Takeyama, Takashi Suzuki, Hironobu SasanoAbstract:Sex Steroids have been postulated to influence pathophysiology of human skin through various skin appendages. The presence of Sex Steroid receptors has been also reported in adnexal tumors but its details still remained unknown. Therefore, in this study, we immunolocalized Sex Steroid receptor protein (estrogen receptor (ER)α, ERβ, progesterone receptor (PR)A, PRB and androgen receptor (AR)) in 23 cases of non-pathological skin (male: 10, female: 13) and in 50 cases of skin adnexal tumors (male 24, female 26; 38 benign and 12 malignant). ERα immunoreactivity was detected exclusively in basal cells of sebaceous glands of non-pathological skin. AR and PRB immunoreactivity was detected in both differentiated and basal cells of sebaceous gland. AR and ERβ immunoreactivity was also detected in sebaceous and eccrine sweat glands but not in outer root sheath of hair follicles. In sebaceous gland neoplasms, the number of ERα positive cases was significantly lower in skin appendage neoplasms than non-pathological skin. ERβ immunoreactivity was not detected in any of sebaceous gland neoplasms examined. There were no significant differences in PRA, PRB and AR immunoreactivity between non-pathological sebaceous gland and its neoplasm. In sweat gland neoplasms, the number of AR positive cases was significantly lower in benign neoplasms than their non-pathological counterpart. Therefore Sex Steroids are considered to play important roles in regulation of non-pathological skin appendage function and pathogenesis and/or development of its neoplasm. In addition, the status of the great majority of Sex Steroid hormone receptors was maintained throughout the process of neoplastic transformation of skin appendages, except for AR and ERα in sweat and sebaceous gland neoplasms.
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Sex Steroid hormone receptors in human skin appendage and its neoplasms
Endocrine Journal, 2005Co-Authors: Yoshiyuki Kariya, Mariko Chiba, Mareyuki Endoh, Mika Watanabe, Kazuyuki Ishida, Takuya Moriya, Junji Takeyama, Takashi Suzuki, Hironobu SasanoAbstract:Sex Steroids have been postulated to influence pathophysiology of human skin through various skin appendages. The presence of Sex Steroid receptors has been also reported in adnexal tumors but its details still remained unknown. Therefore, in this study, we immunolocalized Sex Steroid receptor protein (estrogen receptor (ER)alpha, ERbeta, progesterone receptor (PR)A, PRB and androgen receptor (AR)) in 23 cases of non-pathological skin (male: 10, female: 13) and in 50 cases of skin adnexal tumors (male 24, female 26; 38 benign and 12 malignant). ERalpha immunoreactivity was detected exclusively in basal cells of sebaceous glands of non-pathological skin. AR and PRB immunoreactivity was detected in both differentiated and basal cells of sebaceous gland. AR and ERbeta immunoreactivity was also detected in sebaceous and eccrine sweat glands but not in outer root sheath of hair follicles. In sebaceous gland neoplasms, the number of ERalpha positive cases was significantly lower in skin appendage neoplasms than non-pathological skin. ERbeta immunoreactivity was not detected in any of sebaceous gland neoplasms examined. There were no significant differences in PRA, PRB and AR immunoreactivity between non-pathological sebaceous gland and its neoplasm. In sweat gland neoplasms, the number of AR positive cases was significantly lower in benign neoplasms than their non-pathological counterpart. Therefore Sex Steroids are considered to play important roles in regulation of non-pathological skin appendage function and pathogenesis and/or development of its neoplasm. In addition, the status of the great majority of Sex Steroid hormone receptors was maintained throughout the process of neoplastic transformation of skin appendages, except for AR and ERalpha in sweat and sebaceous gland neoplasms.
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Sex Steroid hormone receptors in human thymoma
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2003Co-Authors: Takuya Moriya, Takashi Suzuki, Hironori Ishibashi, Satoshi Suzuki, Chika Kaneko, Touichirou Takizawa, Makoto Sunamori, Masashi Handa, Takashi KondoAbstract:In this study we examined the immunohistochemical localization of Sex Steroid receptors for estrogen α (ERα) and ERβ, progesterone-A (PR-A) and PR-B, and androgen (AR) in human thymoma (n = 132) and correlated these findings with various clinicopathological parameters. We used RT-PCR and real-time PCR to further study the expression of these receptors in 20 thymoma cases. Immunoreactivity for all Sex Steroid receptors was detected in the nuclei of thymoma epithelial cells. The percentage of immunopositive cases and the H-score values for each receptor (mean ± sd) were: ERα, 66% and 85.8 ± 80.2; ERβ, 7% and 7.2 ± 8.7; PR-A, 4% and 2.7 ± 4.9; PR-B, 49% and 55.8 ± 68.3; and AR, 15% and 14.1 ± 11.7, respectively. The results of real-time PCR were consistent with those of immunohistochemistry, especially results for ERα, PR-B, and AR. A significant positive correlation was detected between immunoreactivity for ERα and PR-B. ERα immunoreactivity was inversely correlated with tumor size, clinical stage, WHO clas...
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Sex Steroid hormone receptors in human thymoma
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2003Co-Authors: Takuya Moriya, Takashi Suzuki, Hironori Ishibashi, Satoshi Suzuki, Chika Kaneko, Touichirou Takizawa, Makoto Sunamori, Masashi Handa, Takashi KondoAbstract:In this study we examined the immunohistochemical localization of Sex Steroid receptors for estrogen alpha (ER alpha) and ER beta, progesterone-A (PR-A) and PR-B, and androgen (AR) in human thymoma (n = 132) and correlated these findings with various clinicopathological parameters. We used RT-PCR and real-time PCR to further study the expression of these receptors in 20 thymoma cases. Immunoreactivity for all Sex Steroid receptors was detected in the nuclei of thymoma epithelial cells. The percentage of immunopositive cases and the H-score values for each receptor (mean +/- SD) were: ER alpha, 66% and 85.8 +/- 80.2; ER beta, 7% and 7.2 +/- 8.7; PR-A, 4% and 2.7 +/- 4.9; PR-B, 49% and 55.8 +/- 68.3; and AR, 15% and 14.1 +/- 11.7, respectively. The results of real-time PCR were consistent with those of immunohistochemistry, especially results for ER alpha, PR-B, and AR. A significant positive correlation was detected between immunoreactivity for ER alpha and PR-B. ER alpha immunoreactivity was inversely correlated with tumor size, clinical stage, WHO classification, and Ki-67 labeling index. In addition, the status of ER alpha immunoreactivity was significantly associated with a better clinical outcome in thymoma patients. Results from our study suggest that estrogens may inhibit thymoma growth via ER alpha, and that ER alpha immunoreactivity may act as a prognostic factor in human thymoma.