The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Friederike Range - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
integrating Social Ecology in explanations of wolf dog behavioral differences
Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 2017Co-Authors: Sarah Marshallpescini, Simona Cafazzo, Zsofia Viranyi, Friederike RangeAbstract:Whereas studies in comparative cognition normally invoke Ecology and Social organization to account for differences in Social behaviour and cognition across species, dog–wolf differences have so far been explained mostly as a result of direct human selection for desirable traits ( e.g. , tameness, attention to humans, sociability). Yet, as will be reviewed in this paper, dogs and wolves also differ considerably in both their feeding niche and Social organization (which together we refer to as ‘Social Ecology’). We suggest that observed wolf–dog differences especially in their interaction with the environment ( e.g. , neophobia, persistence, risk taking) and conspecifics ( e.g. , tolerance, cooperation, communication) need to be considered also in regard to their Social Ecology. We propose that Social Ecology alongside human selection should be recognized as a potentially important factor affecting dogs’ behaviour, and suggest a number of potential avenues for future research, which can more directly test the relative importance of these selection forces.
-
Integrating Social Ecology in explanations of wolf–dog behavioral differences
Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 2017Co-Authors: Sarah Marshall-pescini, Simona Cafazzo, Zsofia Viranyi, Friederike RangeAbstract:Whereas studies in comparative cognition normally invoke Ecology and Social organization to account for differences in Social behaviour and cognition across species, dog–wolf differences have so far been explained mostly as a result of direct human selection for desirable traits ( e.g. , tameness, attention to humans, sociability). Yet, as will be reviewed in this paper, dogs and wolves also differ considerably in both their feeding niche and Social organization (which together we refer to as ‘Social Ecology’). We suggest that observed wolf–dog differences especially in their interaction with the environment ( e.g. , neophobia, persistence, risk taking) and conspecifics ( e.g. , tolerance, cooperation, communication) need to be considered also in regard to their Social Ecology. We propose that Social Ecology alongside human selection should be recognized as a potentially important factor affecting dogs’ behaviour, and suggest a number of potential avenues for future research, which can more directly test the relative importance of these selection forces.
Steve W Lindsay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
culturally compelling strategies for behaviour change a Social Ecology model and case study in malaria prevention
Social Science & Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Catherine Panterbrick, Sian E Clarke, Heather Lomas, Margaret Pinder, Steve W LindsayAbstract:Behaviour change is notoriously difficult to initiate and sustain, and the reasons why efforts to promote healthy behaviours fail are coming under increasing scrutiny. To be successful, health interventions should build on existing practices, skills and priorities, recognise the constraints on human behaviour, and either feature community mobilisation or target those most receptive to change. Furthermore, interventions should strive to be culturally compelling, not merely culturally appropriate: they must engage local communities and nestle within Social and ecological landscapes. In this paper, we propose a Social Ecology perspective to make explicit the links between intention to change, actual behaviour change, and subsequent health impact, as relating to both theory-based models and practical strategies for triggering behaviour change. A Social Ecology model focuses attention on the contexts of behaviour when designing, implementing or critically evaluating interventions. As a case study, we reflect on a community-directed intervention in rural Gambia designed to reduce malaria by promoting a relatively simple and low-cost behaviour: repairing holes in mosquito bednets. In phase 1, contextual information on bednet usage, transactions and repairs (the 'Social lives' of nets) was documented. In phase 2 (intervention), songs were composed and posters displayed by community members to encourage repairs, creating a sense of ownership and a compelling medium for the transmission of health messages. In phase 3 (evaluation), qualitative and quantitative data showed that household responses were particularly rapid and extensive, with significant increase in bednet repairs (p<0.001), despite considerable constraints on human agency. We highlight a promising approach-using songs-as a vehicle for change, and present a framework to embed the design, implementation and critical evaluation of interventions within the larger context-or Social Ecology-of behaviour practices that are the bedrock of health interventions.
-
culturally compelling strategies for behaviour change a Social Ecology model and case study in malaria prevention
Social Science & Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Catherine Panterbrick, Sian E Clarke, Heather Lomas, Margaret Pinder, Steve W LindsayAbstract:Behaviour change is notoriously difficult to initiate and sustain, and the reasons why efforts to promote healthy behaviours fail are coming under increasing scrutiny. To be successful, health interventions should build on existing practices, skills and priorities, recognise the constraints on human behaviour, and either feature community mobilisation or target those most receptive to change. Furthermore, interventions should strive to be culturally compelling, not merely culturally appropriate: they must engage local communities and nestle within Social and ecological landscapes. In this paper, we propose a Social Ecology perspective to make explicit the links between intention to change, actual behaviour change, and subsequent health impact, as relating to both theory-based models and practical strategies for triggering behaviour change. A Social Ecology model focuses attention on the contexts of behaviour when designing, implementing or critically evaluating interventions. As a case study, we reflect on a community-directed intervention in rural Gambia designed to reduce malaria by promoting a relatively simple and low-cost behaviour: repairing holes in mosquito bednets. In phase 1, contextual information on bednet usage, transactions and repairs (the 'Social lives' of nets) was documented. In phase 2 (intervention), songs were composed and posters displayed by community members to encourage repairs, creating a sense of ownership and a compelling medium for the transmission of health messages. In phase 3 (evaluation), qualitative and quantitative data showed that household responses were particularly rapid and extensive, with significant increase in bednet repairs (p
Karl Bruckmeier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Introduction — The Development of Social Ecology
Natural Resource Use and Global Change, 2013Co-Authors: Karl BruckmeierAbstract:Interdisciplinary Social Ecology investigates the human use of natural resources and the interaction between nature and society in theoretical terms of “societal relations to nature”, “societal metabolism” and “colonisation of nature”. The concepts of nature and society relate to each other; however, the differences between them are not dismissed in Social Ecology with a unifying term such as that of “Social-ecological systems” in recent Ecology, but analysed with the “relational” terms above. In the new sociological literature society is described as a network or knowledge society, with global flows, “hybrids”, “actants” and “socionatures”, in a terminology that claims to indicate the recent changes in society and nature. This post-modernist terminology is not used in Social Ecology when knowledge from the Social and the natural sciences is combined. Instead of simply changing concepts, Social Ecology tries in interdisciplinary analyses to lift the cognitive barriers between natural and Social sciences, and between science, policy and Social practices of resource use. This cognitive programme is the theme of this book, which is guided by the hypothesis that the theoryguided thinking, interdisciplinary research and knowledge synthesis of interdisciplinary Social Ecology are required to understand the changing interaction of society and nature in the era called “the anthropocene”.
-
Social Ecology — A Science in Development
Natural Resource Use and Global Change, 2013Co-Authors: Karl BruckmeierAbstract:Social Ecology exposes the possibilities and the limits of interdisciplinary knowledge production through its development and the way in which it learns and organises interdisciplinary knowledge production in a paradigmatic way. Interdisciplinarity in general has raised the awareness of problems with knowledge production and application. Social Ecology as interdisciplinary discourse is especially required when the boundaries of Social and natural scientific disciplines are transgressed. Natural and Social-scientific knowledge cannot easily be projected in a continuum of integrated knowledge and a continuum of interlocking spheres. This became apparent again in the controversy about the Potsdam Manifesto (mentioned in Chapter 6).
-
Sources of Social Ecology — Ecosystems and Natural Resources in Ecological Discourses
Natural Resource Use and Global Change, 2013Co-Authors: Karl BruckmeierAbstract:Social Ecology is first of all Ecology with a knowledge core coming from natural scientific ecological research. Ecology is the study of relations between organisms and their environment, according to a classical definition of Haeckel, which has been criticised as abstract or circular by Wiegleb (1992: 66). Wiegleb looked for more empirically oriented definitions, such as that of Begon et al. (analysis of the distribution of individuals, populations and communities in space and time) or Peters (prediction of biomass, productivity and diversity in ecosystems; ibid.). Ecology has during the 20th century become an interdisciplinary subject with a combination of natural and Social scientific knowledge, in human, cultural and Social Ecology, adopting concepts and perspectives from general systems theory, economics and anthropology. Using a double perspective seems characteristic of Ecology as well as Social Ecology today — that of understanding human nature as biological and cultural, studying man—environment relations (including the natural and the Social environment) with the core concepts of organism and Social actor and coupled Social and ecological systems.
-
Sources of Social Ecology — Discourses on Society and Nature in Sociology
Natural Resource Use and Global Change, 2013Co-Authors: Karl BruckmeierAbstract:Environmental themes are analysed in several sociological subdisciplines, but only two of these are relevant to Social Ecology’s themes: environmental sociology with the investigation of natural resource use and environmental problems, and rural sociology with the investigation of land use and food production. The questions of society—nature interaction that guide Social Ecology appear in sociology with its many subdisciplinary specialisations as big philosophical questions that can be interpreted and answered in many different ways, as the continuing controversies in the ecological discourse show. The history and development of environmental and rural sociology with its themes, perspectives and theories is documented in recent handbooks (for environmental sociology see Redclift and Woodgate 2010; for rural sociology see Cloke et al. 2006). The following discussion does not aim to review the development of the subdisciplines, but is selective according to the core problems and themes of Social Ecology. The mass of specialised research in environmental sociology — on environmental awareness and behaviour, environmental movements, environmental policy, conflicts and risks — is not the knowledge that is driving the thematic research in Social Ecology. That knowledge is structured in the three guiding concepts of analysing nature—society interaction and in complicated notions of “societal action”.
-
Thematic Profiles of Social Ecology — The Research on Resource Flows and the Physical Economy in a Global Context
Natural Resource Use and Global Change, 2013Co-Authors: Karl BruckmeierAbstract:The emerging science of Social Ecology is discussed in this and the following chapter with two of its main research themes and results, (a) global resource flow and (b) land use related to human consumption of biomass and food, before the emerging theoretical framework, including societal relations to nature and societal metabolism, is reviewed (Chapter 6). In the following description of the analysis of societal metabolism, the Social Ecology of human resource use is reviewed with two guiding questions: 1. How is the controversy about the tragedy of the commons as one focusing on limits of human resource use solved in Social Ecology? 2. What does the idea of Social metabolism and metabolic regimes imply for the empirical study of global resource flows in Social Ecology?
Brandon A Kohrt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Social Ecology interventions for post traumatic stress disorder what can we learn from child soldiers
British Journal of Psychiatry, 2013Co-Authors: Brandon A KohrtAbstract:Research with child soldiers is crucial to improving mental health services after war. This research also can illuminate innovative approaches to treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among adult soldiers, veterans and other trauma survivors in high-income countries. A key contribution is the role of Social Ecology for trauma-healing interventions.
-
Social Ecology of child soldiers child family and community determinants of mental health psychoSocial well being and reintegration in nepal
Transcultural Psychiatry, 2010Co-Authors: Brandon A Kohrt, Mark J D Jordans, Wietse A Tol, Em Perera, Rohit Karki, Suraj Koirala, Nawaraj UpadhayaAbstract:This study employed a Social Ecology framework to evaluate psychoSocial well-being in a cross-sectional sample of 142 former child soldiers in Nepal. Outcome measures included the Depression Self Rating Scale (DSRS), Child Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale (CPSS), and locally developed measures of functional impairment and reintegration. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine the contribution of factors at multiple levels. At the child level, traumatic exposures, especially torture, predicted poor outcomes, while education improved outcomes. At the family level, conflict-related death of a relative, physical abuse in the household, and loss of wealth during the conflict predicted poor outcomes. At the community level, living in high caste Hindu communities predicted lack of reintegration supports. Ultimately, Social Ecology is well suited to identify intervention foci across ecological levels based on community differences in vulnerability and protective factors.
Catherine Panterbrick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
culturally compelling strategies for behaviour change a Social Ecology model and case study in malaria prevention
Social Science & Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Catherine Panterbrick, Sian E Clarke, Heather Lomas, Margaret Pinder, Steve W LindsayAbstract:Behaviour change is notoriously difficult to initiate and sustain, and the reasons why efforts to promote healthy behaviours fail are coming under increasing scrutiny. To be successful, health interventions should build on existing practices, skills and priorities, recognise the constraints on human behaviour, and either feature community mobilisation or target those most receptive to change. Furthermore, interventions should strive to be culturally compelling, not merely culturally appropriate: they must engage local communities and nestle within Social and ecological landscapes. In this paper, we propose a Social Ecology perspective to make explicit the links between intention to change, actual behaviour change, and subsequent health impact, as relating to both theory-based models and practical strategies for triggering behaviour change. A Social Ecology model focuses attention on the contexts of behaviour when designing, implementing or critically evaluating interventions. As a case study, we reflect on a community-directed intervention in rural Gambia designed to reduce malaria by promoting a relatively simple and low-cost behaviour: repairing holes in mosquito bednets. In phase 1, contextual information on bednet usage, transactions and repairs (the 'Social lives' of nets) was documented. In phase 2 (intervention), songs were composed and posters displayed by community members to encourage repairs, creating a sense of ownership and a compelling medium for the transmission of health messages. In phase 3 (evaluation), qualitative and quantitative data showed that household responses were particularly rapid and extensive, with significant increase in bednet repairs (p<0.001), despite considerable constraints on human agency. We highlight a promising approach-using songs-as a vehicle for change, and present a framework to embed the design, implementation and critical evaluation of interventions within the larger context-or Social Ecology-of behaviour practices that are the bedrock of health interventions.
-
culturally compelling strategies for behaviour change a Social Ecology model and case study in malaria prevention
Social Science & Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Catherine Panterbrick, Sian E Clarke, Heather Lomas, Margaret Pinder, Steve W LindsayAbstract:Behaviour change is notoriously difficult to initiate and sustain, and the reasons why efforts to promote healthy behaviours fail are coming under increasing scrutiny. To be successful, health interventions should build on existing practices, skills and priorities, recognise the constraints on human behaviour, and either feature community mobilisation or target those most receptive to change. Furthermore, interventions should strive to be culturally compelling, not merely culturally appropriate: they must engage local communities and nestle within Social and ecological landscapes. In this paper, we propose a Social Ecology perspective to make explicit the links between intention to change, actual behaviour change, and subsequent health impact, as relating to both theory-based models and practical strategies for triggering behaviour change. A Social Ecology model focuses attention on the contexts of behaviour when designing, implementing or critically evaluating interventions. As a case study, we reflect on a community-directed intervention in rural Gambia designed to reduce malaria by promoting a relatively simple and low-cost behaviour: repairing holes in mosquito bednets. In phase 1, contextual information on bednet usage, transactions and repairs (the 'Social lives' of nets) was documented. In phase 2 (intervention), songs were composed and posters displayed by community members to encourage repairs, creating a sense of ownership and a compelling medium for the transmission of health messages. In phase 3 (evaluation), qualitative and quantitative data showed that household responses were particularly rapid and extensive, with significant increase in bednet repairs (p