The Experts below are selected from a list of 50676 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nynke Tromp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Design Methods in Design for Values
Handbook of Ethics Values and Technological Design, 2021Co-Authors: Pieter E. Vermaas, Noëmi Manders-huits, Paul Hekkert, Nynke TrompAbstract:In this chapter we demonstrate that contemporary design methodology provides methods for design for moral values. Subsequently, we explore the methodological challenges and problems that this brings to the table. First, we show that contemporary design methods are aimed at realizing values of users and society. These values are in general not moral ones yet do include in specific cases moral values. Second, we introduce a division between user-driven methods in which it are the users who introduce the values to be designed for and designer-driven methods in which the clients and designers are introducing these values. Third, we discuss two designer-driven design methods in detail for, respectively, design in general and Social design in particular: the Vision in Product design method and the Social Implication Design method. Finally, we explore the challenges and problems of design for moral values with these and other design methods. We focus specifically on the designer who, once design is recognized as design for moral values, becomes responsible for the moral values the resulting products have. We argue that in this case the designer should make the moral values of products transparent to clients and users.
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Social Implication design sid a design method to exploit the unique value of the artefact to counteract Social problems
Proceedings of the DRS 2014: Design's big debates Umea Sweden 16-19 June 2014, 2014Co-Authors: Nynke Tromp, Paul HekkertAbstract:The role of design in changing people’s behaviour and causing Social Implications has been referred to as an inherent aspect of design. In taking responsibility for this influence of design, emphasis is often placed on the prevention of undesired consequences rather than the realization of desired ones. Little research exists on how to exploit this implicit yet inevitable role of design in the Social realm. This paper presents the development of a method to help designers in exploiting this influence of design to realize Social benefit. We explain how design is part of the ‘choice architecture’ in Social dilemmas and discuss methodological steps we derived from this. We show how the integration of these steps in an existing design method has led to the method Social Implication Design (SID). The SID method has been applied in a project to improve the Social situation in a deprived neighbourhood. We discuss the process and the outcome of this and illuminate strengths and weaknesses of the method. We conclude by reflecting on this type of design practice in relation to other practices of Social design, and discuss the unique contribution of the artefact when it comes down to solving issues of Social kind.
Jamal Hisham Hashim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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current status of arsenic exposure and Social Implication in the mekong river basin of cambodia
Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2016Co-Authors: Kongkea Phan, Kyoungwoong Kim, Laingshun Huoy, Samrach Phan, Anthony Capon, Jamal Hisham HashimAbstract:To evaluate the current status of arsenic exposure in the Mekong River basin of Cambodia, field interview along with urine sample collection was conducted in the arsenic-affected area of Kandal Province, Cambodia. Urine samples were analyzed for total arsenic concentrations by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. As a result, arsenicosis patients (n = 127) had As in urine (UAs) ranging from 3.76 to 373 µg L−1 (mean = 78.7 ± 69.8 µg L−1; median = 60.2 µg L−1). Asymptomatic villagers (n = 108) had UAs ranging from 5.93 to 312 µg L−1 (mean = 73.0 ± 52.2 µg L−1; median = 60.5 µg L−1). About 24.7 % of all participants had UAs greater than 100 µg L−1 which indicated a recent arsenic exposure. A survey found that females and adults were more likely to be diagnosed with skin sign of arsenicosis than males and children, respectively. Education level, age, gender, groundwater drinking period, residence time in the village and amount of water drunk per day may influence the incidence of skin signs of arsenicosis. This study suggests that residents in Kandal study area are currently at risk of arsenic although some mitigation has been implemented. More commitment should be made to address this public health concern in rural Cambodia.
Paul Hekkert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Design Methods in Design for Values
Handbook of Ethics Values and Technological Design, 2021Co-Authors: Pieter E. Vermaas, Noëmi Manders-huits, Paul Hekkert, Nynke TrompAbstract:In this chapter we demonstrate that contemporary design methodology provides methods for design for moral values. Subsequently, we explore the methodological challenges and problems that this brings to the table. First, we show that contemporary design methods are aimed at realizing values of users and society. These values are in general not moral ones yet do include in specific cases moral values. Second, we introduce a division between user-driven methods in which it are the users who introduce the values to be designed for and designer-driven methods in which the clients and designers are introducing these values. Third, we discuss two designer-driven design methods in detail for, respectively, design in general and Social design in particular: the Vision in Product design method and the Social Implication Design method. Finally, we explore the challenges and problems of design for moral values with these and other design methods. We focus specifically on the designer who, once design is recognized as design for moral values, becomes responsible for the moral values the resulting products have. We argue that in this case the designer should make the moral values of products transparent to clients and users.
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Social Implication design sid a design method to exploit the unique value of the artefact to counteract Social problems
Proceedings of the DRS 2014: Design's big debates Umea Sweden 16-19 June 2014, 2014Co-Authors: Nynke Tromp, Paul HekkertAbstract:The role of design in changing people’s behaviour and causing Social Implications has been referred to as an inherent aspect of design. In taking responsibility for this influence of design, emphasis is often placed on the prevention of undesired consequences rather than the realization of desired ones. Little research exists on how to exploit this implicit yet inevitable role of design in the Social realm. This paper presents the development of a method to help designers in exploiting this influence of design to realize Social benefit. We explain how design is part of the ‘choice architecture’ in Social dilemmas and discuss methodological steps we derived from this. We show how the integration of these steps in an existing design method has led to the method Social Implication Design (SID). The SID method has been applied in a project to improve the Social situation in a deprived neighbourhood. We discuss the process and the outcome of this and illuminate strengths and weaknesses of the method. We conclude by reflecting on this type of design practice in relation to other practices of Social design, and discuss the unique contribution of the artefact when it comes down to solving issues of Social kind.
Dmitriy Voyakin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the technological and Social Implication of the discriminated use of tin and arsenic noted in eia copper based objects of central kazakhstan
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Jangsik Park, Arman Beisenov, Dmitriy VoyakinAbstract:A bronze assemblage consisting of weapons, tools, ornaments, and horse furnishings from many Early Iron Age (EIA) sites of Central Kazakhstan was examined for microstructure and chemical compositions. All of the objects under investigation were made of copper alloys with the addition of either tin or arsenic or both, but no lead. Tin served as the preferred alloying element for making key functional and prestige items as opposed to arsenic primarily in service to meet a large demand for various horse trappings. Strong evidence has been found of a new method implemented for the mass production of copper alloys containing up to approximately 10% arsenic based on mass. This high arsenic technology was apparently introduced in keeping with the increased demand for bronze, particularly in horse-related objects, as a means to spare costly tin for use in making more important objects in functional and Social perspectives. The use of arsenic in this case is indicative of significant technological and Social transformations occurring in Central Asian EIA communities. We will present a detailed account of the analytical results to propose that these changes signified the establishment of mature mobility-based societies in the steppes that encompassed more people and larger territories within a setting of enhanced conflicts and Social stratification.
Kongkea Phan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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current status of arsenic exposure and Social Implication in the mekong river basin of cambodia
Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2016Co-Authors: Kongkea Phan, Kyoungwoong Kim, Laingshun Huoy, Samrach Phan, Anthony Capon, Jamal Hisham HashimAbstract:To evaluate the current status of arsenic exposure in the Mekong River basin of Cambodia, field interview along with urine sample collection was conducted in the arsenic-affected area of Kandal Province, Cambodia. Urine samples were analyzed for total arsenic concentrations by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. As a result, arsenicosis patients (n = 127) had As in urine (UAs) ranging from 3.76 to 373 µg L−1 (mean = 78.7 ± 69.8 µg L−1; median = 60.2 µg L−1). Asymptomatic villagers (n = 108) had UAs ranging from 5.93 to 312 µg L−1 (mean = 73.0 ± 52.2 µg L−1; median = 60.5 µg L−1). About 24.7 % of all participants had UAs greater than 100 µg L−1 which indicated a recent arsenic exposure. A survey found that females and adults were more likely to be diagnosed with skin sign of arsenicosis than males and children, respectively. Education level, age, gender, groundwater drinking period, residence time in the village and amount of water drunk per day may influence the incidence of skin signs of arsenicosis. This study suggests that residents in Kandal study area are currently at risk of arsenic although some mitigation has been implemented. More commitment should be made to address this public health concern in rural Cambodia.