The Experts below are selected from a list of 22566 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yu Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A sedimentological connectivity approach for assessing on-site and off-site Soil Erosion Control services
2020Co-Authors: Yu Liu, Liang ZhaoAbstract:<p>Soil Erosion, a widely-occurring phenomenon in the terrestrial environment, affects land productivity and infrastructure security negatively both on-site and off-site. Therefore, Soil Erosion Control services (SECS) are one of the most fundamental ecosystem services for human well-being. Although previous SECS assessments elaborate the benefits from preventing on-site Soil Erosion and Soil loss comprehensively, the off-site benefits remain vague. They are usually estimated only through multiplying the capacity of on-site Soil Erosion prevention by a land-use-based, and spatially consistent, allocation coefficient. The corresponding overestimation, item omission, and inability to represent the spatial heterogeneity of SECS may lead to great uncertainties. In addition, the SECS decay with travel distance is not well represented, because of a neglect of the cascading nature of SECS formation and its delivery. Here, to address these deficiencies, a cascade framework for SECS assessment is developed that incorporates the concept of sedimentological connectivity over the landscape. This approach quantifies both the on-site Soil Erosion prevention and mitigation of sediment delivery over the landscape, based on an understanding of the cascading nature of Soil Erosion and sediment delivery, by referring to the framework of WATEM/SEDEM that potentially reveals the sedimentological connectivity over landscape. A monetized valuation of SECS delivered to local communities was derived by employing a land-use based replacement cost technique, which takes cultivated land units as a SECS receiver and conveyer. The approach was applied in a loess catchment located in the middle Yellow River basin, China as a case study. For this watershed, with an area of 54.2 km<sup>2</sup>, the gross Soil Erosion reduction was up to 156.93 &#215; 10<sup>4 </sup>t; the reduction of sediment input was 11.28 &#215; 10<sup>4 </sup>t; and the reduction in gross sediment export is up to 181.34 &#215; 10<sup>4 </sup>t. The monetized value delivered to utilized land units was 910.13 &#215; 10<sup>4</sup> CNY. The approach described provides a tool that specifically addresses the SECSs directly useful to humans, contributes to quantifying the Soil Erosion Control services provided by the landscape, and improves the reliability of evaluating SECS.</p>
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A sedimentological connectivity approach for assessing on-site and off-site Soil Erosion Control services
Ecological Indicators, 2020Co-Authors: Yu Liu, Liang ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Soil Erosion, a widely-occurring phenomenon in the terrestrial environment, affects land productivity and infrastructure security negatively both on-site and off-site. Therefore, Soil Erosion Control services (SECS) are one of the most fundamental ecosystem services for human well-being. Although previous SECS assessments elaborated the benefits from preventing on-site Soil Erosion and Soil loss comprehensively, the off-site benefits remain vague. They are usually estimated only through multiplying the capacity of on-site Soil Erosion prevention by land-use-based, and spatially consistent, allocation coefficients. The corresponding overestimation, item omission, and inability to represent the spatial heterogeneity of SECS may lead to great uncertainties. In addition, the SECS decay with travel distance is not well represented, because of a neglect of the cascading nature of SECS formation and its delivery. Here, to address these deficiencies, a cascade framework for SECS assessment is developed that incorporates the concept of sedimentological connectivity over the landscape. This approach quantifies both the on-site Soil Erosion prevention and mitigation of sediment delivery over the landscape, based on an understanding of the cascading nature of Soil Erosion and sediment delivery, by referring to the framework of WATEM/SEDEM that potentially reveals the sedimentological connectivity over landscape. A monetized valuation of SECS delivered to local communities was derived by employing a land-use based replacement cost technique, which takes cultivated land units as a SECS receiver and conveyer. The approach was applied in a loess catchment located in the middle Yellow River basin, China as a case study. For this watershed, with an area of 54.2 km2, the gross Soil Erosion reduction was up to 156.93 × 104 t; the reduction of sediment input was 11.28 × 104 t; and the reduction in gross sediment export is up to 181.34 × 104 t. The monetized SECS value delivered to utilized land units was 910.13 × 104 CNY. The approach described provides a tool that specifically addresses the SECSs directly useful to humans, contributes to quantifying the Soil Erosion Control services provided by the landscape, and improves the reliability of SECS evaluation.
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Effectiveness of re-vegetated forest and grassland on Soil Erosion Control in the semi-arid Loess Plateau
CATENA, 2020Co-Authors: Yi-fan Liu, Yu Liu, Zhi-hua Shi, Manuel López-vicenteAbstract:Abstract Afforestation reduces Soil loss and minimizes landslide risk worldwide, but little is known on the effectiveness of afforestation policies to Control Soil Erosion with different vegetation types in semi-arid areas. Understanding the effectiveness of distinct re-vegetation types under different physiographic conditions (slope gradient, percentage of vegetation cover and rainfall depth) is essential for better policy formulation. This study examines the benefits of Soil Erosion Control in forests and grasslands using published data. This analysis proves that the benefits of vegetation restoration increase with increasing the vegetation cover and tend to be stable when the coverage exceeds 60%. The benefits on sediment yield reduction are more sensitive (vs. runoff reduction benefit) to rainfall intensity. Regarding slopes and Soil Erosion Control, the highest efficiencies appear in forests on 20–25° slopes and in grasslands on 15–20° slopes. Grasslands can effectively reduce Soil Erosion, as well as forests with understory grasses. For long-term restoration, a 60% vegetation cover maximizes the benefits of reducing Soil Erosion and maintaining enough Soil water supply that prevents possible Soil drought. We propose that future afforestation policies should evaluate in advance the appropriate re-vegetation type; meanwhile, suitable vegetation coverage and local physiographic conditions should be considered. Importantly, promotion of grassland and preservation of forest understory grasses must be enforced in land use policies when considering afforestation to minimize Soil Erosion. We suggest further research to quantify the efficiency of understory vegetation on Soil Erosion Control, which might provide scientific and practical guidance for afforestation policy in semi-arid areas.
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assessing the Soil Erosion Control service of ecosystems change in the loess plateau of china
Ecological Complexity, 2011Co-Authors: Yu Liu, Yua ZengAbstract:Abstract Soil Erosion in terrestrial ecosystems, as an important global environmental problem, significantly impacts on environmental quality and social economy. By protecting Soil from wind and water Erosion, terrestrial ecosystems supply human beings with Soil Erosion Control service, one of the fundamental ecosystem services that ensure human welfare. The Loess Plateau was one of the regions in the world that suffered from severe Soil Erosion. In the past decades, restoration projects were implemented to improve Soil Erosion Control in the region. The Grain-to-Green project, converting slope croplands into forest or grasslands, launched in 1999 was the most massive one. It is needed to assess the change of Soil Erosion Control service brought about by the project. This study evaluated the land cover changes from 2000 to 2008 by satellite image interpretation. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was employed for the Soil Erosion Control assessment for the same period with localized parameters. Soil retention calculated as potential Soil Erosion (Erosion without vegetation cover) minus actual Soil Erosion was applied as indicator for Soil Erosion Control service. The results indicate that ecosystem Soil Erosion Control service has been improved from 2000 to 2008 as a result of vegetation restoration. Average Soil retention rate (the ratio of Soil retention to potential Soil loss in percentage) was up to 63.3% during 2000–2008. Soil loss rate in 34% of the entire plateau decreased, 48% unchanged and 18% slightly increased. Areas suffering from intense Erosion shrank and light Erosion areas expanded. Zones with slope gradient of 8°–35° were the main contribution area of Soil loss. On average, these zones produced 82% of the total Soil loss with 45.5% of the total area in the Loess Plateau. Correspondingly, Soil Erosion Control capacity was significantly improved in these zones. Soil loss rate decreased from 5000 t km −2 yr −1 to 3600 t km −2 yr −1 , 6900 t km −2 yr −1 to 4700 t km −2 yr −1 , and 8500 t km −2 yr −1 to 5500 t km −2 yr −1 in the zones with slope gradient of 8°–15°, 15°–25°, and 25°–35° respectively. However, the mean Soil Erosion rate in areas with slope gradient over 8° was still larger than 3600 t km −2 yr −1 , which is far beyond the tolerable Erosion rate of 1000 t km −2 yr −1 . Thus, Soil Erosion is still one of the top environmental problems that need more ecological restoration efforts.
Liang Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A sedimentological connectivity approach for assessing on-site and off-site Soil Erosion Control services
2020Co-Authors: Yu Liu, Liang ZhaoAbstract:<p>Soil Erosion, a widely-occurring phenomenon in the terrestrial environment, affects land productivity and infrastructure security negatively both on-site and off-site. Therefore, Soil Erosion Control services (SECS) are one of the most fundamental ecosystem services for human well-being. Although previous SECS assessments elaborate the benefits from preventing on-site Soil Erosion and Soil loss comprehensively, the off-site benefits remain vague. They are usually estimated only through multiplying the capacity of on-site Soil Erosion prevention by a land-use-based, and spatially consistent, allocation coefficient. The corresponding overestimation, item omission, and inability to represent the spatial heterogeneity of SECS may lead to great uncertainties. In addition, the SECS decay with travel distance is not well represented, because of a neglect of the cascading nature of SECS formation and its delivery. Here, to address these deficiencies, a cascade framework for SECS assessment is developed that incorporates the concept of sedimentological connectivity over the landscape. This approach quantifies both the on-site Soil Erosion prevention and mitigation of sediment delivery over the landscape, based on an understanding of the cascading nature of Soil Erosion and sediment delivery, by referring to the framework of WATEM/SEDEM that potentially reveals the sedimentological connectivity over landscape. A monetized valuation of SECS delivered to local communities was derived by employing a land-use based replacement cost technique, which takes cultivated land units as a SECS receiver and conveyer. The approach was applied in a loess catchment located in the middle Yellow River basin, China as a case study. For this watershed, with an area of 54.2 km<sup>2</sup>, the gross Soil Erosion reduction was up to 156.93 &#215; 10<sup>4 </sup>t; the reduction of sediment input was 11.28 &#215; 10<sup>4 </sup>t; and the reduction in gross sediment export is up to 181.34 &#215; 10<sup>4 </sup>t. The monetized value delivered to utilized land units was 910.13 &#215; 10<sup>4</sup> CNY. The approach described provides a tool that specifically addresses the SECSs directly useful to humans, contributes to quantifying the Soil Erosion Control services provided by the landscape, and improves the reliability of evaluating SECS.</p>
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A sedimentological connectivity approach for assessing on-site and off-site Soil Erosion Control services
Ecological Indicators, 2020Co-Authors: Yu Liu, Liang ZhaoAbstract:Abstract Soil Erosion, a widely-occurring phenomenon in the terrestrial environment, affects land productivity and infrastructure security negatively both on-site and off-site. Therefore, Soil Erosion Control services (SECS) are one of the most fundamental ecosystem services for human well-being. Although previous SECS assessments elaborated the benefits from preventing on-site Soil Erosion and Soil loss comprehensively, the off-site benefits remain vague. They are usually estimated only through multiplying the capacity of on-site Soil Erosion prevention by land-use-based, and spatially consistent, allocation coefficients. The corresponding overestimation, item omission, and inability to represent the spatial heterogeneity of SECS may lead to great uncertainties. In addition, the SECS decay with travel distance is not well represented, because of a neglect of the cascading nature of SECS formation and its delivery. Here, to address these deficiencies, a cascade framework for SECS assessment is developed that incorporates the concept of sedimentological connectivity over the landscape. This approach quantifies both the on-site Soil Erosion prevention and mitigation of sediment delivery over the landscape, based on an understanding of the cascading nature of Soil Erosion and sediment delivery, by referring to the framework of WATEM/SEDEM that potentially reveals the sedimentological connectivity over landscape. A monetized valuation of SECS delivered to local communities was derived by employing a land-use based replacement cost technique, which takes cultivated land units as a SECS receiver and conveyer. The approach was applied in a loess catchment located in the middle Yellow River basin, China as a case study. For this watershed, with an area of 54.2 km2, the gross Soil Erosion reduction was up to 156.93 × 104 t; the reduction of sediment input was 11.28 × 104 t; and the reduction in gross sediment export is up to 181.34 × 104 t. The monetized SECS value delivered to utilized land units was 910.13 × 104 CNY. The approach described provides a tool that specifically addresses the SECSs directly useful to humans, contributes to quantifying the Soil Erosion Control services provided by the landscape, and improves the reliability of SECS evaluation.
Z.h. Shi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The potential for Soil Erosion Control associated with socio-economic development in the hilly red Soil region, southern China
CATENA, 2020Co-Authors: Lingkai Wang, H. Yan, Xiliang Wang, Zhen Wang, Tianwei Wang, Z.h. ShiAbstract:Abstract Socio-economic development greatly affects Soil Erosion and the implementation of Soil and water conservation (SWC) techniques. Here, we proposed a new index, the potential for Soil Erosion Control (P), and investigated socio-economic determinants for ΔP using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) during 2005–2015 in the hilly red Soil region of southern China. P was defined as 1 minus the ratio of the minimum possible Soil Erosion to the actual Soil Erosion, which can reflect the gap between the actual Soil Erosion and the minimum possible Soil Erosion. According to P, it would be impossible for 100% of the study area to experience a Soil Erosion rate of less than the tolerable Soil Erosion rate due to the biophysical limits, which would avoid waste caused by excessive governance. The two PLSR models were statistically significant and the selected socio-economic factors can account for 37% and 28% of the variations in the positive and negative |ΔP|, respectively. Base on the PLSR model for the positive |ΔP|, the VIP value of urban population growth (URBPOP_GR) and rural population growth (RURPOP_GR) were −1.31 and 1.71, respectively, demonstrating that URBPOP_GR suppressed Erosion while RURPOP_GR increased Erosion. Government investment in afforestation can significantly reduce Soil Erosion (VIP greater than 1). Increasing grain output per km2 would reduce the positive |ΔP|, indicating that advanced farming practices can balance production and Soil protection. These results emphasized that policies for Soil Erosion Control should be developed from not only a simplistic technological perspective but also a social-ecological perspective, and economic growth will Control Soil Erosion effectively if it can provide more positive feedback to rural areas.
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Identifying government’s and farmers’ roles in Soil Erosion management in a rural area of southern China with social network analysis
Journal of Cleaner Production, 1Co-Authors: Haotian Zhang, Ling Wang, Jinsong Zhao, Z.h. ShiAbstract:Abstract Agricultural production in China is mainly decentralized, small in size, and involved by independent single households. Farmers are the main implementers of Soil Erosion Control projects. Their willingness and abilities, which are crucial to the effectiveness of these projects, are closely related to their social networks. However, the relationship between farmers’ social networks and Soil Erosion Control remains unclear. Hengxi, a typical village in Jiangxi Province, China, was used as a case study. Traditional- and new-type of farmers’ social networks were built according to the planting structures based on survey data. The results showed that both types of networks had the characteristics of small-world network and scale-free network. The ability to obtain and dispense information was the significant distinction between the two networks. The dealer was an influential key node in both networks. The government agencies were key nodes in the new-type network but not in the traditional-type network, which made it difficult for traditional farmers to obtain indispensable information about Soil Erosion Control. The characteristics of farmers and their corresponding networks had significant influences on their awareness of Soil Erosion. Soil Erosion management projects could be deployed smoothly by the key farmers and government agencies in the new-type social network, but difficultly in the traditional-type social network. To improve the effectiveness of Soil Erosion Control projects, cooperation with dealers is important for government agencies.
Chongjun Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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threshold effects of vegetation coverage on Soil Erosion Control in small watersheds of the red Soil hilly region in china
Ecological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Jia Chen, Haibing Xiao, Zhongwu Li, Danyang Wang, Lingxia Wang, Chongjun TangAbstract:Abstract Vegetation restoration has long been considered as an effective strategy for Soil conservation in many hilly regions, which can lead to a significant increase in vegetation coverage. The aim of this paper was to quantify the effect of changes in vegetation coverage on Soil Erosion Control in the red Soil hilly region of China. Based on a literature review, a database was collected from 35 typical small watersheds. The database covered extensive geographical locations, including 6 provinces and 1 autonomous region of China, with vegetation coverage ranging from 8% to 96%, and the Soil Erosion modulus ranging from 67 to 13,000 t·km−2·a−1. The results confirmed that vegetation coverage significantly and positively affected Soil loss. It also indicated that there is a threshold phenomenon between vegetation coverage and Soil loss. The vegetation coverage in the small watersheds could be divided into three threshold zones: the lower threshold (0–40%), the transition zone (40–80%), and the upper threshold (80–100%). In these zones, the vegetation Soil conservation efficiency and its changing rates were unlike. Thus, different vegetation restoration strategies should be adopted in these zones. In the lower threshold, it is suitable to adopt artificial restoration; in the upper threshold, natural recovery is more reasonable; and in the transition zone, combination of artificial and natural restoration is preferable. This study revealed the vegetation coverage threshold values and the corresponding restoration strategies with respect to Soil Erosion Control at the region scale, which serve as a scientific basis for decision makers.
Jia Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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threshold effects of vegetation coverage on Soil Erosion Control in small watersheds of the red Soil hilly region in china
Ecological Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Jia Chen, Haibing Xiao, Zhongwu Li, Danyang Wang, Lingxia Wang, Chongjun TangAbstract:Abstract Vegetation restoration has long been considered as an effective strategy for Soil conservation in many hilly regions, which can lead to a significant increase in vegetation coverage. The aim of this paper was to quantify the effect of changes in vegetation coverage on Soil Erosion Control in the red Soil hilly region of China. Based on a literature review, a database was collected from 35 typical small watersheds. The database covered extensive geographical locations, including 6 provinces and 1 autonomous region of China, with vegetation coverage ranging from 8% to 96%, and the Soil Erosion modulus ranging from 67 to 13,000 t·km−2·a−1. The results confirmed that vegetation coverage significantly and positively affected Soil loss. It also indicated that there is a threshold phenomenon between vegetation coverage and Soil loss. The vegetation coverage in the small watersheds could be divided into three threshold zones: the lower threshold (0–40%), the transition zone (40–80%), and the upper threshold (80–100%). In these zones, the vegetation Soil conservation efficiency and its changing rates were unlike. Thus, different vegetation restoration strategies should be adopted in these zones. In the lower threshold, it is suitable to adopt artificial restoration; in the upper threshold, natural recovery is more reasonable; and in the transition zone, combination of artificial and natural restoration is preferable. This study revealed the vegetation coverage threshold values and the corresponding restoration strategies with respect to Soil Erosion Control at the region scale, which serve as a scientific basis for decision makers.