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Anisa D Aryanti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung Sonchus arvensis linn
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Asep Edi Sukmayadi, Sri Adi Sumuwi, Melisa Intan B, Anisa D AryantiAbstract:Daun tempuyung ( Sonchus arvensis Linn . ) merupakan tanaman obat potensial di Indonesia yang secara empiris sering digunakan untuk mengobati asam urat, kencing batu, obat bengkak, batuk, asma, demam, peradangan, dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas imunomodulator daun tempuyung terhadap peningkatan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya serta peningkatan IL-2 pada tikus jantan putih galur Wistar. Hewan coba diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung dengan dosis 100, 700, dan 1400 mg/KgBB serta Stimuno 50 mg/kgBB yang disuspensikan dengan Na CMC 0,5%. Ekstrak diberikan setiap hari sekali selama 2 (dua) minggu dan 1 (satu) minggu setelah diberikan Shigella dysenteriae secara per oral. Darah tikus diambil dari jantung kemudian dilakukan perhitungan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya dengan flow cytometry , serta IL-2 dengan Sandwich ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung ( Sonchus arvensis Linn.) pada dosis 100 mg/kgBB terhadap peningkatan jumlah leukosit, limfosit, monosit, dan IL-2 dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif dengan nilai p≤0,05 . Maka, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung dapat meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya serta IL-2. Oleh karena itu, daun tempuyung yang merupakan obat tradisional asli Indonesia berpotensi memiliki aktivitas imunomodulator. Kata kunci : IL-2, leukosit, limfosit, monosit, Shigella dysenteriae , Sonchus arvensis Linn.
Seungchul Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of the complete plastome sequence of perennial sowthistle Sonchus arvensis asteraceae
Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2020Co-Authors: Susanna Abdalla Masana, Seon-hee Kim, Seungchul KimAbstract:The first complete chloroplast genome sequence of Sonchus arvensis, a herbaceous perennial, and its phylogenetic position relative to a member of the annual weedy and woody perennial species of Sonchus were reported in this study. Here, we assembled the complete plastome sequence of 151,967 base pairs (bp) in length, comprising 84,251 bp of a large single copy (LSC) and 18,184 bp (SSC) of small single copy confined between 24,766 bp of inverted repeats (IR). The genome contained 130 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, six ribosomal RNA, and 37 transfer RNA genes. The overall GC content was 37.6% (LSC, 35.8%; SSC, 31.5%; IRs, 43.0%). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that perennial S. arvensis is sister to the clade containing the weedy species of Sonchus.
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evolutionary comparison of the chloroplast genome in the woody Sonchus alliance asteraceae on the canary islands
Genes, 2019Co-Authors: Myongsuk Cho, Ji Young Yang, Taejin Yang, Seungchul KimAbstract:The woody Sonchus alliance consists primarily of woody species of the genus Sonchus (subgenus DendroSonchus; family Asteraceae). Most members of the alliance are endemic to the oceanic archipelagos in the phytogeographic region of Macaronesia. They display extensive morphological, ecological, and anatomical diversity, likely caused by the diverse habitats on islands and rapid adaptive radiation. As a premier example of adaptive radiation and insular woodiness of species endemic to oceanic islands, the alliance has been the subject of intensive evolutionary studies. While phylogenetic studies suggested that it is monophyletic and its major lineages radiated rapidly early in the evolutionary history of this group, genetic mechanisms of speciation and genomic evolution within the alliance remain to be investigated. We first attempted to address chloroplast (cp) genome evolution by conducting comparative genomic analysis of three representative endemic species (Sonchus acaulis, Sonchus canariensis, and Sonchus webbii) from the Canary Islands. Despite extensive morphological, anatomical, and ecological differences among them, their cp genomes were highly conserved in gene order and content, ranging from 152,071 to 152,194 bp in total length. The number of repeat variations and six highly variable regions were identified as valuable molecular markers. Phylogenetic analysis of 32 species in the family Asteraceae revealed the phylogenetic position of the woody Sonchus alliance within the tribe Cichorieae and the sister relationship between the weedy Sonchus oleraceus and the alliance.
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next generation sequencing reveals the complete plastome sequence of newly discovered cliff dwelling Sonchus boulosii asteraceae cichorieae in morocco
Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2019Co-Authors: Seon-hee Kim, J A Mejias, Seungchul KimAbstract:The complete chloroplast genome sequences of newly discovered cliff-dwelling species of Sonchus, S. boulosii, were reported in this study. The S. boulosii plastome was 152,016 bp long, with the lar...
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Phylogenetic and morphological analysis of a new cliff-dwelling species reveals a remnant ancestral diversity and evolutionary parallelism in Sonchus (Asteraceae)
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2018Co-Authors: José A. Mejías, Seungchul Kim, Mathieu Chambouleyron, Seon-hee Kim, M. Dolores Infante, Jean-françois LégerAbstract:We describe a new cliff-dwelling species within Sonchus (Asteraceae): Sonchus boulosii and analyze its systematic position and evolutionary significance; in addition, we provide a key to the species of Sonchus in Morocco. Both morphological and ecological characteristics suggest a close relationship of S. boulosii with taxa of section Pustulati . However, ITS nrDNA and cpDNA mat K markers indicate its uncertain position within the genus, but clear genetic differentiation from the remaining major clades. ITS phylogenetic trees show that likely evolutionary shifts to rocky habitat took place at least five times within genus Sonchus and that sect. Pustulati and S. boulosii clades have a clearly independent evolutionary origin. We postulate that the strong resemblance of S. boulosii to other rocky species reflects a phenomenon of homoplasy, probably driven by parallel evolutionary adaptations to the severe ecological constraints of its cliff face habitat. Therefore, a new section is also described, which includes S. boulosii as its sole representative: section Pulvinati . According to phylogenetic trees, the new clade may share its common ancestor with the clade comprising sections Maritimi and Arvenses , from which it is widely divergent in morphology and ecology, with the exception of Sonchus novae - zelandiae . However, the latter is a derived taxon, with high level of polyploidy unlike S. boulosii that shows 2 n = 18, basal chromosome number of the genus. Since sections Pulvinati and Pustulati seem to be quite old in Sonchus, we also hypothesize that some similarities, such as fruit morphology, may reflect the persistence of some primitive characteristics.
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correlated evolution of leaf shape and physiology in the woody Sonchus alliance asteraceae sonchinae in macaronesia
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Louis S Santiago, Seungchul KimAbstract:The Sonchus alliance represents an oceanic island radiation that includes six genera and 31 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees occurring in diverse habitats ranging from cool, upland cloud forests to hot, dry, exposed cliff faces and coastal deserts. To investigate the role of photosynthetic adaptations during radiation into diverse habitats, we measured leaf morphological and physiological traits and relationships among 15 representative species of the woody Sonchus alliance grown under uniform conditions. Correlated evolution was observed between photosynthesis per mass with leaf size and specific leaf area and between photosynthesis per area with dark respiration per area and stomatal conductance. In general, species from exposed habitats exhibited smaller, more dissected leaves with greater photosynthetic rates compared with those of species native to relatively shaded pine and laurel cloud forest. We also observed that sister taxa in contrasting habitats can develop substantially divergent leaf form...
Asep Edi Sukmayadi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung Sonchus arvensis linn
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Asep Edi Sukmayadi, Sri Adi Sumuwi, Melisa Intan B, Anisa D AryantiAbstract:Daun tempuyung ( Sonchus arvensis Linn . ) merupakan tanaman obat potensial di Indonesia yang secara empiris sering digunakan untuk mengobati asam urat, kencing batu, obat bengkak, batuk, asma, demam, peradangan, dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas imunomodulator daun tempuyung terhadap peningkatan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya serta peningkatan IL-2 pada tikus jantan putih galur Wistar. Hewan coba diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung dengan dosis 100, 700, dan 1400 mg/KgBB serta Stimuno 50 mg/kgBB yang disuspensikan dengan Na CMC 0,5%. Ekstrak diberikan setiap hari sekali selama 2 (dua) minggu dan 1 (satu) minggu setelah diberikan Shigella dysenteriae secara per oral. Darah tikus diambil dari jantung kemudian dilakukan perhitungan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya dengan flow cytometry , serta IL-2 dengan Sandwich ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung ( Sonchus arvensis Linn.) pada dosis 100 mg/kgBB terhadap peningkatan jumlah leukosit, limfosit, monosit, dan IL-2 dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif dengan nilai p≤0,05 . Maka, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung dapat meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya serta IL-2. Oleh karena itu, daun tempuyung yang merupakan obat tradisional asli Indonesia berpotensi memiliki aktivitas imunomodulator. Kata kunci : IL-2, leukosit, limfosit, monosit, Shigella dysenteriae , Sonchus arvensis Linn.
George G Kennedy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Role of Weed Hosts and Tobacco Thrips, Frankliniella fusca, in the Epidemiology of Tomato spotted wilt virus.
Plant disease, 2002Co-Authors: Russell L Groves, J W Moyer, James F. Walgenbach, George G KennedyAbstract:Wild plant species were systematically sampled to characterize reproduction of thrips, the vector of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and natural sources TSWV infection. Thrips populations were monitored on 28 common perennial, biennial, and annual plant species over two noncrop seasons at six field locations across North Carolina. Sonchus asper, Stellaria media, and Taraxacum officianale consistently supported the largest populations of immature TSWV vector species. The tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca, was the most abundant TSWV vector species collected, comprising over 95% of vector species in each survey season. Perennial plant species (i.e., Plantago rugelii and Taraxacum officianale) were often only locally abundant, and many annual species (Cerastium vulgatum, Sonchus asper, and Stellaria media) were more widely distributed. Perennial species, including P. rugelii and Rumex crispus, remained TSWV infected for 2 years in a small-plot field test. Where these perennial species are locally abundant, they may serve as important and long-lasting TSWV inoculum sources. In random surveys across 12 locations in North Carolina, TSWV infection was documented by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 35 of 72 (49%) common perennial (N = 10), biennial (N = 4), and annual (N = 21) plant species across 18 plant families. Estimated rates of TSWV infection were highest in Cerastium vulgatum (4.2%), Lactuca scariola (1.3%), Molluga verticillata (4.3%), Plantago rugelii (3.4%), Ranunculus sardous (3.6%), Sonchus asper (5.1%), Stellaria media (1.4%), and Taraxacum officianale (5.8%). Nine plant species were determined to be new host recordings for TSWV infection, including Cardamine hirsuta, Eupatorium capillifolium, Geranium carolinianum, Gnaphalium purpureum, Linaria canadense, Molluga verticillata, Pyrrhopappus carolinianus, Raphanus raphanistrum, and Triodanis perfoliata. Our findings document the relative potential of a number of common annual, biennial, and perennial plant species to act as important reproductive sites for F. fusca and as acquisition sources of TSWV for spread to susceptible crops.
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overwintering of frankliniella fusca thysanoptera thripidae on winter annual weeds infected with tomato spotted wilt virus and patterns of virus movement between susceptible weed hosts
Phytopathology, 2001Co-Authors: Russell L Groves, J W Moyer, James F. Walgenbach, George G KennedyAbstract:ABSTRACT Overwintering of tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca, was investigated on common winter annual host plants infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Populations of tobacco thrips produced on TSWV-infected plants did not differ from those produced on healthy plants, whereas populations varied greatly among host plant species. The mean per plant populations of F. fusca averaged 401, 162, and 10 thrips per plant on Stellaria media, Scleranthus annuus, and Sonchus asper, respectively, during peak abundance in May. Adult F. fusca collected from plant hosts were predominately brachypterous throughout the winter and early spring, but macropterous forms predominated in late spring. Weed hosts varied in their ability to serve as overwintering sources of TSWV inoculum. Following the initial infection by TSWV in October 1997, 75% of Scleranthus annuus and Stellaria media retained infection over the winter and spring season, whereas only 17% of Sonchus asper plants remained infected throughout the same...
Sri Adi Sumuwi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung Sonchus arvensis linn
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Asep Edi Sukmayadi, Sri Adi Sumuwi, Melisa Intan B, Anisa D AryantiAbstract:Daun tempuyung ( Sonchus arvensis Linn . ) merupakan tanaman obat potensial di Indonesia yang secara empiris sering digunakan untuk mengobati asam urat, kencing batu, obat bengkak, batuk, asma, demam, peradangan, dan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas imunomodulator daun tempuyung terhadap peningkatan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya serta peningkatan IL-2 pada tikus jantan putih galur Wistar. Hewan coba diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung dengan dosis 100, 700, dan 1400 mg/KgBB serta Stimuno 50 mg/kgBB yang disuspensikan dengan Na CMC 0,5%. Ekstrak diberikan setiap hari sekali selama 2 (dua) minggu dan 1 (satu) minggu setelah diberikan Shigella dysenteriae secara per oral. Darah tikus diambil dari jantung kemudian dilakukan perhitungan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya dengan flow cytometry , serta IL-2 dengan Sandwich ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung ( Sonchus arvensis Linn.) pada dosis 100 mg/kgBB terhadap peningkatan jumlah leukosit, limfosit, monosit, dan IL-2 dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif dengan nilai p≤0,05 . Maka, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun tempuyung dapat meningkatkan jumlah leukosit dan komponennya serta IL-2. Oleh karena itu, daun tempuyung yang merupakan obat tradisional asli Indonesia berpotensi memiliki aktivitas imunomodulator. Kata kunci : IL-2, leukosit, limfosit, monosit, Shigella dysenteriae , Sonchus arvensis Linn.
