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David A J Stone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the use of a Soy Product in juvenile yellowtail kingfish seriola lalandi feeds at different water temperatures 2 Soy protein concentrate
    Aquaculture, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jenna N Bowyer, Jian G Qin, Richard P Smullen, Louise R Adams, Michael J S Thomson, David A J Stone
    Abstract:

    Juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were fed four iso-nitrogenous and iso-calorific (digestible basis) experimental diets containing 0, 20, 30 or 40% Soy protein concentrate (SPC) for 34 days at optimal (22 °C) and suboptimal water temperatures (18 °C) to measure the responses of growth, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility, gut histology and digestive enzyme activity to dietary manipulation. The substitution of fish meal with 20% SPC did not significantly affect the growth of fish. However, second-order polynomial regression analyses demonstrated that there was a negative impact on the growth of the fish with increasing inclusions of SPC. By contrast, the feed intake was not affected by SPC inclusion, but the apparent feed conversion ratio was significantly increased (worse) above 30% SPC inclusion. The protein and energy efficiency ratios were significantly reduced above 30% SPC inclusion. The whole body moisture and total fat composition were affected above 20% SPC inclusion, but there was no effect on apparent dietary nutrient digestibilities. Suboptimal water temperature significantly decreased all measured growth performance and feed efficiency variables. By contrast, the protein and energy efficiency ratios were higher at 18 °C, while the protein and energy retentions were not affected by temperature. The apparent dietary protein digestibility was influenced by temperature, and its increase at 18 °C suggests the influence of a slower gut transit time at the cooler temperature. This study indicates that juvenile yellowtail kingfish can effectively utilise 20% SPC, regardless of water temperature.

  • the use of a Soy Product in juvenile yellowtail kingfish seriola lalandi feeds at different water temperatures 1 solvent extracted Soybean meal
    Aquaculture, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jenna N Bowyer, Jian G Qin, Richard P Smullen, Louise R Adams, Michael J S Thomson, David A J Stone
    Abstract:

    Juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were fed four iso-nitrogenous and iso-calorific (digestible basis) experimental diets containing 0, 10, 20 or 30% solvent extracted Soybean meal (SESBM) for 34 days at optimal (22 °C) and suboptimal (18 °C) water temperatures to determine the effects of diet and water temperature on growth, feed efficiency, nutrient retention, apparent nutrient digestibility and digestive functions. The substitution of fish meal up to 20% SESBM did not significantly affect the growth of fish. No differences were detected in any of the other parameters measured between 0 and 10% inclusion. However, second-order polynomial regression demonstrated that increasing SESBM had a negative effect on growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient retention and the apparent nutrient and energy digestibility of diets for yellowtail kingfish. Whole body moisture, crude lipid, ash and gross energy were affected by SESBM in the diet, except protein. The apparent nutrient and energy digestibilities all decreased linearly with increasing SESBM. Digestive enzyme activities in the pyloric caeca were not affected by diet, whereas activities in the foregut and hindgut varied with SESBM inclusion. Fish held at 18 °C had significantly reduced growth, feed efficiency and nutrient retention values. The whole body moisture increased at 18 °C, while the apparent nutrient and energy digestibilities and whole body protein and gross energy content were lower at 18 °C and there was no effect of temperature on whole body total fat or ash content. The impact of temperature on digestive enzyme activities depended on the section of the digestive tract. This study demonstrates that 10% inclusion of SESBM (21.7% fish meal substitution) can be used as a substitute for fish meal in diets for yellowtail kingfish.

Jenna N Bowyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the use of a Soy Product in juvenile yellowtail kingfish seriola lalandi feeds at different water temperatures 2 Soy protein concentrate
    Aquaculture, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jenna N Bowyer, Jian G Qin, Richard P Smullen, Louise R Adams, Michael J S Thomson, David A J Stone
    Abstract:

    Juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were fed four iso-nitrogenous and iso-calorific (digestible basis) experimental diets containing 0, 20, 30 or 40% Soy protein concentrate (SPC) for 34 days at optimal (22 °C) and suboptimal water temperatures (18 °C) to measure the responses of growth, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility, gut histology and digestive enzyme activity to dietary manipulation. The substitution of fish meal with 20% SPC did not significantly affect the growth of fish. However, second-order polynomial regression analyses demonstrated that there was a negative impact on the growth of the fish with increasing inclusions of SPC. By contrast, the feed intake was not affected by SPC inclusion, but the apparent feed conversion ratio was significantly increased (worse) above 30% SPC inclusion. The protein and energy efficiency ratios were significantly reduced above 30% SPC inclusion. The whole body moisture and total fat composition were affected above 20% SPC inclusion, but there was no effect on apparent dietary nutrient digestibilities. Suboptimal water temperature significantly decreased all measured growth performance and feed efficiency variables. By contrast, the protein and energy efficiency ratios were higher at 18 °C, while the protein and energy retentions were not affected by temperature. The apparent dietary protein digestibility was influenced by temperature, and its increase at 18 °C suggests the influence of a slower gut transit time at the cooler temperature. This study indicates that juvenile yellowtail kingfish can effectively utilise 20% SPC, regardless of water temperature.

  • the use of a Soy Product in juvenile yellowtail kingfish seriola lalandi feeds at different water temperatures 1 solvent extracted Soybean meal
    Aquaculture, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jenna N Bowyer, Jian G Qin, Richard P Smullen, Louise R Adams, Michael J S Thomson, David A J Stone
    Abstract:

    Juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were fed four iso-nitrogenous and iso-calorific (digestible basis) experimental diets containing 0, 10, 20 or 30% solvent extracted Soybean meal (SESBM) for 34 days at optimal (22 °C) and suboptimal (18 °C) water temperatures to determine the effects of diet and water temperature on growth, feed efficiency, nutrient retention, apparent nutrient digestibility and digestive functions. The substitution of fish meal up to 20% SESBM did not significantly affect the growth of fish. No differences were detected in any of the other parameters measured between 0 and 10% inclusion. However, second-order polynomial regression demonstrated that increasing SESBM had a negative effect on growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient retention and the apparent nutrient and energy digestibility of diets for yellowtail kingfish. Whole body moisture, crude lipid, ash and gross energy were affected by SESBM in the diet, except protein. The apparent nutrient and energy digestibilities all decreased linearly with increasing SESBM. Digestive enzyme activities in the pyloric caeca were not affected by diet, whereas activities in the foregut and hindgut varied with SESBM inclusion. Fish held at 18 °C had significantly reduced growth, feed efficiency and nutrient retention values. The whole body moisture increased at 18 °C, while the apparent nutrient and energy digestibilities and whole body protein and gross energy content were lower at 18 °C and there was no effect of temperature on whole body total fat or ash content. The impact of temperature on digestive enzyme activities depended on the section of the digestive tract. This study demonstrates that 10% inclusion of SESBM (21.7% fish meal substitution) can be used as a substitute for fish meal in diets for yellowtail kingfish.

Hiroyuki Shimizu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Soy Product Consumption and the Risk of Colon Cancer: A Prospective Study in Takayama, Japan
    Nutrition and cancer, 2007
    Co-Authors: Shino Oba, Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Natsuki Shimizu, Masaaki Kametani, Naoharu Takeyama, Toshikazu Ohnuma, Shogen Matsushita
    Abstract:

    The relationship of the intake of Soy Products and the incidence of colon cancer was prospectively evaluated in a population-based cohort study in Japan. The total intake of Soy Products and isoflavones in a daily diet was estimated from a validated questionnaire administered at the baseline. The participation rate of the questionnaire was 92.0%. The participants were followed from 1992 to 2000, and colon cancer diagnoses were identified at the main hospitals in the study area. In the analysis, 13,894 men and 16,327 women were included. The medians for energy-adjusted Soy Product intake were 85.52 g/day for men and 79.60 g/day for women. During follow-up, 111 men and 102 women were diagnosed with colon cancer. A Cox-proportional hazard model was applied to assess the risk of colon cancer incidence. Among women, the risk was reduced with an increased Soy Product consumption; the hazard ratio in the highest tertile was 0.56 (95% CI 0.34-0.92) compared as the lowest tertile (trend: P=0.04), after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. Among men, no significant association was observed. Our results exhibited the weak benefit of Soy foods only among women. Further research to confirm our results may be beneficial.

  • Soy Product Intake Is Inversely Associated with Serum Homocysteine Level in Premenopausal Japanese Women
    The Journal of nutrition, 2003
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Rieko Takami, Makoto Hayashi, Noriyuki Takeda, Keigo Yasuda
    Abstract:

    Soybeans, which are an excellent source of folate, vitamin B-6 and minerals, may reduce serum homocysteine level. However, there is a possibility that dietary Soy raises the serum homocysteine level because isoflavones, which are weak estrogens contained in Soybeans, may exert antiestrogenic effects in a high estrogen environment, such as in premenopausal women. The present study examined a cross-sectional relationship between Soy Product intake and serum homocysteine level in 201 premenopausal Japanese women. Intakes of Soy Products, folate, methionine and vitamins B-6 and B-12 were estimated by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Folate status was also assessed by measuring serum folate. Soy Product intake in terms of Soy protein as well as Soy isoflavone intake was modestly but significantly inversely associated with serum homocysteine level (r = -0.15, P = 0.04) after controlling for covariates. Soy Product intake was also significantly positively correlated with serum folate (r = 0.15, P = 0.04). Although it is unclear the extent to which each component of Soy, such as folate and isoflavones, is associated with the serum homocysteine concentration, this biochemical complex appears to have a favorable effect on homocysteine metabolism in premenopausal women.

  • Association of blood pressure with intake of Soy Products and other food groups in Japanese men and women.
    Preventive medicine, 2003
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Rieko Takami, Makoto Hayashi, Noriyuki Takeda, Keigo Yasuda
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Soy diet has been suggested to have antihypertensive effect in animal studies. The present study examined the cross-sectional relationship between blood pressure and intake of Soy Products and other food groups in Japanese men and women. Methods Blood pressure was measured in Japanese 294 men and 330 women (246 premenopausal and 84 peri- and postmenopausal women) who participated in a health check-up program provided by a general hospital. Intake of various food groups and nutrients was estimated from a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results In men, Soy Product intake was inversely significantly correlated with diastolic blood pressure ( r = −0.12, P = 0.04) after controlling for age, total energy, smoking status, body mass index, and intake of alcohol, salt and seaweeds. The correlation of Soy Product intake with systolic blood pressure was of borderline significance ( r = −0.10, P = 0.09). Systolic blood pressure was inversely correlated with intake of vegetables ( r = −0.12, P = 0.04) and dairy Products ( r = −0.12, P = 0.05). There were no significant correlations between Soy Product intake and diastolic blood pressure in women. Conclusion These results indicate a mild effect of Soy intake on blood pressure reduction in men.

  • Soy Product intake and serum isoflavonoid and estradiol concentrations in relation to bone mineral density in postmenopausal Japanese women
    Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteopor, 2002
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Rieko Takami, Makoto Hayashi, Noriyuki Takeda, Keigo Yasuda
    Abstract:

    To evaluate Soy intake and serum concentrations of estradiol and isoflavonoids and their relationship to bone mineral density (BMD) and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP) activity, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 87 postmenopausal Japanese women. Soy Product and isoflavone intake from Soy Products and intake of nutrients were assessed with a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. BMD (mg/cm2) was measured by single-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the site of the calcaneus. Serum estradiol (E2) and the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Serum genistein and daidzein concentrations were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography MS/MS method. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the ratio of E2 to SHBG and BMD (Spearman r = 0.38, p = 0.0003) after controlling for age, body mass index, smoking status, age at menarche, and intake of vegetable fat, vitamin C and salt. Soy Product and isoflavone intake and serum isoflavones were not significantly correlated with BMD after controlling for the covariates. Serum ALP was not significantly correlated with Soy Product and isoflavone intake, the E2/SHBG ratio or serum isoflavones. The present study supports the association of BMD with serum estradiol; however, it does not support the association of BMD with Soy or isoflavone intake or serum isoflavone levels.

  • A prospective cohort study of Soy Product intake and stomach cancer death
    British journal of cancer, 2002
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Norito Kawakami, Naoyoshi Takatsuka, Hiroyuki Shimizu
    Abstract:

    The relationship between intake of Soy Products and death from stomach cancer was examined in a community-based prospective study of Japanese men and women in Takayama, Japan. Over 7 years of follow-up, 121 deaths from stomach cancer (81 men and 40 women) occurred among 30 304 (13 880 men and 16 424 women) participants who were at least 35 years of age. Diet including the intake of Soy Products and isoflavones was assessed by a validated semiquantitative food–frequency questionnaire at the beginning of the study. In men, the highest compared to the lowest tertile of total Soy Product intake was significantly inversely associated with death from stomach cancer after controlling for covariates (hazard ratios=0.50; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.26-0.93, P for trend=0.03). Decreased hazard ratios for the highest compared to the lowest tertiles of total Soy Product intake (hazard ratios=0.49; 95% CI 0.22–1.13) was observed in women, although this association was of marginal significance. These data suggest that Soy intake may reduce the risk of death from stomach cancer.

Chisato Nagata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Soy Product Consumption and the Risk of Colon Cancer: A Prospective Study in Takayama, Japan
    Nutrition and cancer, 2007
    Co-Authors: Shino Oba, Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Natsuki Shimizu, Masaaki Kametani, Naoharu Takeyama, Toshikazu Ohnuma, Shogen Matsushita
    Abstract:

    The relationship of the intake of Soy Products and the incidence of colon cancer was prospectively evaluated in a population-based cohort study in Japan. The total intake of Soy Products and isoflavones in a daily diet was estimated from a validated questionnaire administered at the baseline. The participation rate of the questionnaire was 92.0%. The participants were followed from 1992 to 2000, and colon cancer diagnoses were identified at the main hospitals in the study area. In the analysis, 13,894 men and 16,327 women were included. The medians for energy-adjusted Soy Product intake were 85.52 g/day for men and 79.60 g/day for women. During follow-up, 111 men and 102 women were diagnosed with colon cancer. A Cox-proportional hazard model was applied to assess the risk of colon cancer incidence. Among women, the risk was reduced with an increased Soy Product consumption; the hazard ratio in the highest tertile was 0.56 (95% CI 0.34-0.92) compared as the lowest tertile (trend: P=0.04), after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. Among men, no significant association was observed. Our results exhibited the weak benefit of Soy foods only among women. Further research to confirm our results may be beneficial.

  • Soy Product Intake Is Inversely Associated with Serum Homocysteine Level in Premenopausal Japanese Women
    The Journal of nutrition, 2003
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Rieko Takami, Makoto Hayashi, Noriyuki Takeda, Keigo Yasuda
    Abstract:

    Soybeans, which are an excellent source of folate, vitamin B-6 and minerals, may reduce serum homocysteine level. However, there is a possibility that dietary Soy raises the serum homocysteine level because isoflavones, which are weak estrogens contained in Soybeans, may exert antiestrogenic effects in a high estrogen environment, such as in premenopausal women. The present study examined a cross-sectional relationship between Soy Product intake and serum homocysteine level in 201 premenopausal Japanese women. Intakes of Soy Products, folate, methionine and vitamins B-6 and B-12 were estimated by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Folate status was also assessed by measuring serum folate. Soy Product intake in terms of Soy protein as well as Soy isoflavone intake was modestly but significantly inversely associated with serum homocysteine level (r = -0.15, P = 0.04) after controlling for covariates. Soy Product intake was also significantly positively correlated with serum folate (r = 0.15, P = 0.04). Although it is unclear the extent to which each component of Soy, such as folate and isoflavones, is associated with the serum homocysteine concentration, this biochemical complex appears to have a favorable effect on homocysteine metabolism in premenopausal women.

  • Association of blood pressure with intake of Soy Products and other food groups in Japanese men and women.
    Preventive medicine, 2003
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Rieko Takami, Makoto Hayashi, Noriyuki Takeda, Keigo Yasuda
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Soy diet has been suggested to have antihypertensive effect in animal studies. The present study examined the cross-sectional relationship between blood pressure and intake of Soy Products and other food groups in Japanese men and women. Methods Blood pressure was measured in Japanese 294 men and 330 women (246 premenopausal and 84 peri- and postmenopausal women) who participated in a health check-up program provided by a general hospital. Intake of various food groups and nutrients was estimated from a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results In men, Soy Product intake was inversely significantly correlated with diastolic blood pressure ( r = −0.12, P = 0.04) after controlling for age, total energy, smoking status, body mass index, and intake of alcohol, salt and seaweeds. The correlation of Soy Product intake with systolic blood pressure was of borderline significance ( r = −0.10, P = 0.09). Systolic blood pressure was inversely correlated with intake of vegetables ( r = −0.12, P = 0.04) and dairy Products ( r = −0.12, P = 0.05). There were no significant correlations between Soy Product intake and diastolic blood pressure in women. Conclusion These results indicate a mild effect of Soy intake on blood pressure reduction in men.

  • Soy Product intake and serum isoflavonoid and estradiol concentrations in relation to bone mineral density in postmenopausal Japanese women
    Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteopor, 2002
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Rieko Takami, Makoto Hayashi, Noriyuki Takeda, Keigo Yasuda
    Abstract:

    To evaluate Soy intake and serum concentrations of estradiol and isoflavonoids and their relationship to bone mineral density (BMD) and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP) activity, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 87 postmenopausal Japanese women. Soy Product and isoflavone intake from Soy Products and intake of nutrients were assessed with a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. BMD (mg/cm2) was measured by single-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the site of the calcaneus. Serum estradiol (E2) and the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Serum genistein and daidzein concentrations were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography MS/MS method. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the ratio of E2 to SHBG and BMD (Spearman r = 0.38, p = 0.0003) after controlling for age, body mass index, smoking status, age at menarche, and intake of vegetable fat, vitamin C and salt. Soy Product and isoflavone intake and serum isoflavones were not significantly correlated with BMD after controlling for the covariates. Serum ALP was not significantly correlated with Soy Product and isoflavone intake, the E2/SHBG ratio or serum isoflavones. The present study supports the association of BMD with serum estradiol; however, it does not support the association of BMD with Soy or isoflavone intake or serum isoflavone levels.

  • A prospective cohort study of Soy Product intake and stomach cancer death
    British journal of cancer, 2002
    Co-Authors: Chisato Nagata, Norito Kawakami, Naoyoshi Takatsuka, Hiroyuki Shimizu
    Abstract:

    The relationship between intake of Soy Products and death from stomach cancer was examined in a community-based prospective study of Japanese men and women in Takayama, Japan. Over 7 years of follow-up, 121 deaths from stomach cancer (81 men and 40 women) occurred among 30 304 (13 880 men and 16 424 women) participants who were at least 35 years of age. Diet including the intake of Soy Products and isoflavones was assessed by a validated semiquantitative food–frequency questionnaire at the beginning of the study. In men, the highest compared to the lowest tertile of total Soy Product intake was significantly inversely associated with death from stomach cancer after controlling for covariates (hazard ratios=0.50; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.26-0.93, P for trend=0.03). Decreased hazard ratios for the highest compared to the lowest tertiles of total Soy Product intake (hazard ratios=0.49; 95% CI 0.22–1.13) was observed in women, although this association was of marginal significance. These data suggest that Soy intake may reduce the risk of death from stomach cancer.

Jian G Qin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the use of a Soy Product in juvenile yellowtail kingfish seriola lalandi feeds at different water temperatures 2 Soy protein concentrate
    Aquaculture, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jenna N Bowyer, Jian G Qin, Richard P Smullen, Louise R Adams, Michael J S Thomson, David A J Stone
    Abstract:

    Juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were fed four iso-nitrogenous and iso-calorific (digestible basis) experimental diets containing 0, 20, 30 or 40% Soy protein concentrate (SPC) for 34 days at optimal (22 °C) and suboptimal water temperatures (18 °C) to measure the responses of growth, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility, gut histology and digestive enzyme activity to dietary manipulation. The substitution of fish meal with 20% SPC did not significantly affect the growth of fish. However, second-order polynomial regression analyses demonstrated that there was a negative impact on the growth of the fish with increasing inclusions of SPC. By contrast, the feed intake was not affected by SPC inclusion, but the apparent feed conversion ratio was significantly increased (worse) above 30% SPC inclusion. The protein and energy efficiency ratios were significantly reduced above 30% SPC inclusion. The whole body moisture and total fat composition were affected above 20% SPC inclusion, but there was no effect on apparent dietary nutrient digestibilities. Suboptimal water temperature significantly decreased all measured growth performance and feed efficiency variables. By contrast, the protein and energy efficiency ratios were higher at 18 °C, while the protein and energy retentions were not affected by temperature. The apparent dietary protein digestibility was influenced by temperature, and its increase at 18 °C suggests the influence of a slower gut transit time at the cooler temperature. This study indicates that juvenile yellowtail kingfish can effectively utilise 20% SPC, regardless of water temperature.

  • the use of a Soy Product in juvenile yellowtail kingfish seriola lalandi feeds at different water temperatures 1 solvent extracted Soybean meal
    Aquaculture, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jenna N Bowyer, Jian G Qin, Richard P Smullen, Louise R Adams, Michael J S Thomson, David A J Stone
    Abstract:

    Juvenile yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) were fed four iso-nitrogenous and iso-calorific (digestible basis) experimental diets containing 0, 10, 20 or 30% solvent extracted Soybean meal (SESBM) for 34 days at optimal (22 °C) and suboptimal (18 °C) water temperatures to determine the effects of diet and water temperature on growth, feed efficiency, nutrient retention, apparent nutrient digestibility and digestive functions. The substitution of fish meal up to 20% SESBM did not significantly affect the growth of fish. No differences were detected in any of the other parameters measured between 0 and 10% inclusion. However, second-order polynomial regression demonstrated that increasing SESBM had a negative effect on growth performance, feed efficiency, nutrient retention and the apparent nutrient and energy digestibility of diets for yellowtail kingfish. Whole body moisture, crude lipid, ash and gross energy were affected by SESBM in the diet, except protein. The apparent nutrient and energy digestibilities all decreased linearly with increasing SESBM. Digestive enzyme activities in the pyloric caeca were not affected by diet, whereas activities in the foregut and hindgut varied with SESBM inclusion. Fish held at 18 °C had significantly reduced growth, feed efficiency and nutrient retention values. The whole body moisture increased at 18 °C, while the apparent nutrient and energy digestibilities and whole body protein and gross energy content were lower at 18 °C and there was no effect of temperature on whole body total fat or ash content. The impact of temperature on digestive enzyme activities depended on the section of the digestive tract. This study demonstrates that 10% inclusion of SESBM (21.7% fish meal substitution) can be used as a substitute for fish meal in diets for yellowtail kingfish.