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S G Kumari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survey of Viruses Affecting Legume Crops in the Amhara and Oromia Regions of Ethiopia
Firenze University Press, 2005Co-Authors: B. Bekele, M Ayalew, A Yusuf, K M Makkouk, S G Kumari, K. Ali, M. Aslake, G. Girma, D. HailuAbstract:Field surveys were undertaken to identify the viral diseases affecting lentil, faba bean, chickpea, pea, fenugreek and grass pea in two regions of Ethiopia. The surveys were conducted in the regions of Amhara (Gonder and Gojam administrative zones) and Oromia (Bale administrative zone) during the 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 growing seasons, respectively. The survey covered 138 randomly selected fields (48 faba bean, 10 pea, 38 grass pea, 34 chickpea, 8 lentil) in the Amhara region, and 51 legume fields (29 faba bean, 12 pea, 3 lentil, 5 fenugreek, 2 chickpea) in the Oromia region. Virus disease incidence was determined by laboratory testing of 100–200 randomly-collected samples from each field against the antisera of 12 legume Viruses. Of the 189 fields surveyed, 121 and 7 had, at the time of the survey, a Virus disease incidence of 1% or less and more than 6%, respectively, based on visual inspection in the field; later laboratory testing showed that the number of fields in these two categories was in fact 99 and 56, respectively. Serological tests indicated that the most important Viruses in the Amhara region were Faba bean necrotic yellows Virus (FBNYV), Bean yellow mosaic Virus (BYMV), Pea seed-borne mosaic Virus (PSbMV) and the luteoViruses [e.g. Beet western yellows Virus (BWYV), Bean leaf roll Virus (BLRV), Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV)]. By contrast, only FBNYV and the luteoViruses were detected in the Oromia region. Other Viruses, such as Broad bean mottle Virus (BBMV) and Alfalfa mosaic Virus (AMV), were rarely detected in the Amhara region. This is the first report in Ethiopia of natural infection of faba bean, pea and fenugreek with SbDV, of fenugreek with BWYV, and of grass pea with BYMV, PSbMV and BWYV, and it is also the first recorded instance of BBMV infecting legume crops in Ethiopia
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first record of beet western yellows Virus chickpea chlorotic Dwarf Virus faba bean necrotic yellows Virus and Soybean Dwarf Virus infecting chickpea and lentil crops in iran
Plant Pathology, 2002Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, S G Kumari, Y Fazlali, S FarzadfarAbstract:) crops in five pro-vinces (Qazvin, Kermanshah, Kurdistan, East Azarbaijanand West Azarbaijan) of Iran. A total of 6979 chickpeaand 1760 lentil samples were collected randomly from 51chickpea and 13 lentil fields (100–150 samples per field).These samples were tested for the presence of 13 differentlegume Viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay procedure(Lin
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first record of beet western yellows Virus chickpea chlorotic Dwarf Virus and faba bean necrotic yellows Virus affecting faba bean vicia faba crops in iraq
Plant Pathology, 2001Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, M A Elmuadhidi, S G KumariAbstract:A survey to identify Virus diseases affecting faba bean(Vicia faba) in Iraq was conducted during April 2000.Around 4400 samples were collected from 36 faba beanfields distributed in five governorates (ten in Baghdad,nine in Al-Anbar, three in Diyala, five in At-Tamim andnine in Ninawa). These samples were tested for thepresence of 12 different Viruses by tissue-blot immu-noassay (Lin et al., 1990), using a battery of polyclonaland monoclonal antibodies. Rabbit polyclonal antiseraspecific for Chickpea chlorotic Dwarf Virus (CCDV)(Horn et al., 1993); Broad bean true mosaic Virus(BBTMV) (from H. Rohloff, BBA, Braunschweig,Germany); Broad bean wilt Virus (BBWV); Pea enationmosaic Virus (PEMV) (from IPO, Wageningen, theNetherlands); Alfalfa mosaic Virus (AMV); Bean yellowmosaic Virus (BYMV); Broad bean mottle Virus(BBMV); Broad bean stain Virus (BBSV); Cucumbermosaic Virus (CMV); and Pea seed-borne mosaic Virus(PSbMV) (from Virology Laboratory, ICARDA,Aleppo, Syria) were used, in addition to a monoclonalspecific for Faba bean necrotic yellows Virus (FBNYV)(Franz et al., 1996) and a broad-spectrum legumeluteoVirus monoclonal (5G4) (Katul, 1992). To identifyspecific luteoViruses, samples that tested positive usingmonoclonal 5G4 were tested against five furthermonoclonals: Beet western yellows Virus (BWYV)(ATCC PVAS-647); Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV) (ATCCPVAS-650); Potato leaf roll Virus (PLRV) (ATCC PVAS-649); and Bean leaf roll Virus (BLRV) (4B10) and 6F9,which reacts with either BLRV or SbDV (Katul, 1992).BYMV was the most abundant Virus in faba bean inIraq, identified in 68% of test samples. In 50% of thefields surveyed, BYMV was identified at extremely highlevels (80–100% infection). BWYV was detected in 135samples collected from 15 fields from all five governor-ates. Two fields in the Ninawa governorate were highlyinfected with BWYV (62 and 96%). CCDV wasdetected in eight samples collected from three fields(two in El-Anbar and one in Ninawa), and FBNYV wasdetected in seven samples collected from two fields inNinawa governorate.This is the first record of BWYV, CCDV and FBNYVaffecting faba bean in Iraq. Other Viruses such as AMV,BBWVand CMV were detected in fewer than 1% of thesamples tested. BBMV, BBSV, BBTMV, PEMV andPSbMV were not detected in any of the samples.
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first report of Soybean Dwarf Virus infecting lentil and beet western yellows Virus infecting lentil and chickpea crops in ethiopia
Plant Disease, 1999Co-Authors: N Tadesse, Adane Abraham, Kemal Ali, D Gorfu, A Lencho, M Ayalew, A Yusuf, K M Makkouk, S G KumariAbstract:A survey conducted during November 14–23, 1998, to identify Viruses infecting chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and lentil (Lens culinaris) crops in the Shewa province of Ethiopia covered 33 chickpea and 32 lentil fields randomly selected. Identity of the Viruses present and Virus incidence were determined on the basis of laboratory testing of 100 to 200 randomly collected samples in addition to 15 to 20 symptomatic samples from each field. A total of 5,427 lentil and 3,836 chickpea samples were collected and tested for the presence of 12 different Viruses by tissue blot immunoassay (1) at the Plant Pathology Laboratory in Debre Zeit Agriculture Research Center, Ethiopia. All antisera were Virus specific, including those for beet western yellows Virus (BWYV; ATCC PVAS-647) and Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV; ATCC PVAS-650). More than 21% of the samples from 5 chickpea fields were infected; the most common Virus was BWYV. Also, at least 21% of the samples from 11 lentil fields were Virus positive; the most widespread ...
H J Vetten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first report of a nanoVirus disease of pea in germany
Plant Disease, 2010Co-Authors: Ioana Grigoras, Bruno Gronenborn, H J VettenAbstract:During the growing season of 2009, a disease consisting of leaf rolling, top yellows, and plant stunting affected pea (Pisum sativum) in fields near Aschersleben, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Samples from symptomatic plants collected in July 2009 were analyzed at the JKI in Braunschweig for infections by various legume Viruses by ELISA, immunoelectron microscopy, and transmission assays by sap and aphids. Of 23 samples, 9 were shown to contain Pea enation mosaic Virus and three samples each contained Bean leafroll Virus and Soybean Dwarf Virus. From two further samples that had tested negative for the aforementioned Viruses, we succeeded in transferring a disease agent to faba bean (Vicia faba) seedlings by giving 50 to 100 individuals of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) acquisition and inoculation access feedings each of ~48 h. Following vector transmission, the agent caused severe yellowing and stunting in pea and faba bean, sometimes followed by necrosis. Attempts at mechanical transmission of the agent failed, and isolation of double-stranded RNA from infected tissue was not successful. Therefore, we considered the possible presence of a nanoVirus (4). When using polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) against Faba bean necrotic yellows Virus (FBNYV) for double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA analysis of the two isolates of the disease agent we observed weak but clearly positive reactions. To confirm these weak DAS-ELISA reactions, we used all available monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against FBNYV (1) and faba bean necrotic stunt Virus (FBNSV) (3) individually in triple-antibody sandwich (TAS)-ELISA in combination with the FBNYV PAbs for plate coating. Six of 26 MAbs reacted from weak to strong with the two pea isolates, with MAbs FBNYV-3-1F7 and FBNSV-5-1G8 giving the strongest reactions and none of the MAbs giving a differential reaction with the two pea isolates. Employing rolling circle amplification of total DNA extracted from symptomatic leaves of one of the pea isolates yielded a substantial amount of high molecular weight DNA, whereas little or no amplification occurred when using DNA from noninoculated pea leaves. Restriction of the amplified DNA in a nanoVirus iteron-specific manner by AatII endonuclease yielded a predominant and abundant product of ~1 kb (3). Sequence comparisons of eight cloned DNAs of 1,002 nucleotides long unequivocally identified them as complete DNA-R component of a new member of the genus NanoVirus (2,4). Its DNA-R sequence (GenBank No. GU553134) is nearly equidistant from the DNA-R sequences of FBNYV (Y11405), FBNSV (GQ150778), Milk vetch Dwarf Virus (MDV) (AB027511) and Subterranean clover stunt Virus (SCSV) (AJ290434), sharing with them respective sequence identities of 79, 78, 79, and 73%. Moreover, it is more distinct from the DNA-R sequences of FBNYV, FBNSV, and MDV than the three latter are from each other (86 to 91%). This together with the serological data relating to the capsid protein properties of this Virus strongly suggest that it is distinct from the hitherto described nanoViruses FBNYV, MDV, FBNSV, and SCSV. Therefore, we propose the name pea necrotic yellow Dwarf Virus (PNYDV) for this new nanoVirus naturally infecting pea in Germany. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) I. Grigoras et al. J. Gen. Virol. 89:583, 2008. (3) I. Grigoras et al. J. Virol. 83:10778, 2009. (4) H. J. Vetten et al. Page 343 in: Virus Taxonomy. Elsevier/Academic Press, London, 2005.
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effect of sowing date and straw mulch on Virus incidence and aphid infestation in organically grown faba beans vicia faba
Annals of Applied Biology, 2009Co-Authors: Helmut Saucke, M Juergens, Thomas F Doring, S Fittje, D E Lesemann, H J VettenAbstract:The effect of sowing date on aphid infestation and the incidence of aphid-transmitted Viruses were investigated in organically managed, small-scale field experiments with two faba bean cultivars over 3 years (2002–04). As an additional factor, strawmulchwas applied in 2 of the 3 years shortly before the start of vector activity in May. Virus incidence was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoelectron microscopy. Aphid flight activity was monitored using standard yellow water traps. Bean colonising aphids were assessed throughout the vegetation period by counting the number of plants infested with Acyrthosiphon pisum, Megoura viciae and Aphis fabae. Pea enation mosaic Virus and bean yellow mosaic Virus were the most abundant aphid-transmitted Viruses, being detected in 22–54% and 9–69%, respectively, of the total number of Virus-infected plants analysed per year. Further aphid-transmitted Viruses found in faba bean were bean leaf roll Virus, beet western yellows Virus, clover yellow vein Virus (in 2002) and Soybean Dwarf Virus (in 2004). A. pisum was the predominant aphid species colonising faba bean plants. Early sowing compared with late sowing led to a significant reduction of the total Virus incidence in faba bean in all 3 years. However, significantly decreased levels of A. pisum colonisation as a result of early sowing were observed only in 1 year and one cultivar. Irrespective of sowing date, straw mulching had no significant effects on Virus incidence and aphid colonisation. Compared with late sowing, early sowing significantly increased bean yield in all 3 years and kernel weight in 2 years, whereas straw mulching had no effect on yield.
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first report of Soybean Dwarf Virus genus luteoVirus infecting faba bean and clover in germany
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: Adane Abraham, Wulf Menzel, H J Vetten, Helmut SauckeAbstract:In 2003, leaf samples from faba bean plants (Vicia faba L.) showing slight growth reductions and yellowing symptoms were collected in a field near Hebenshausen, Hesse, Germany. Some of these samples did not react in triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) with species-specific monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to either Bean leaf roll Virus or Turnip yellows Virus, but did react with a broad-spectrum Mab (B-2-5G4) used to detect Viruses in the genera PoleroVirus and LuteoVirus (family Luteoviridae) (1). Since this indicated the occurrence of a hitherto unrecognized polero- or luteoVirus in faba bean in Germany, attempts were made to obtain nucleotide sequence information on two of the unknown faba bean isolates using a pair of degenerate primers (S2 [5'-ATCACITTCGGGCCGWSTCTATCAGA-3'] and AS3 [5'-CACGCGTCIACCTATTTIGGRTTITG-3'] [I = inosine]) derived from conserved domains in the capsid protein (CP) genes of several polero- and luteoViruses. Following reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplification and cloning, the CP gene sequences of two genetically distinct isolates of Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV), a species of the genus LuteoVirus, were obtained. To our knowledge, SbDV has not been reported from Germany or Europe but only from Africa, Australia, Japan, and the United States. In the two latter countries, at least two SbDV strain groups, SbDV-Y (for yellowing) and SbDV-D (for Dwarfing), are distinguished on the basis of differences in symptomatology, host range, and molecular properties (2-4). On the basis of CP aa sequences, the two faba bean isolates from Hebenshausen differed by 8%, with one (FB1) most similar (>96% identity) to SbDV-D isolates and the other (FB2) closely related (>96%) to SbDV-Y isolates. Similar to observations in Japan (3) and the United States (2), we were able to detect SbDV in numerous samples from red clover (Trifolium pratense) and white clover (T. repens) in Braunschweig using SbDV antibodies (Agdia, Elkhart, IN) in DAS-ELISA. This was confirmed by RT-PCR amplification of CP gene sequences using SbDV-specific primers (SbDVs: 5'-GTCTACCTAAAAATTTCAAAGAATCTG-3'; SbDVas: 5'-CGGACCCGGTTCTCCGTCTA-3'). CP sequence analysis of two SbDV-positive clover samples revealed the presence of a SbDV-D isolate in red clover. However, a white clover plant contained an unusual SbDV isolate that possessed a unique CP, sharing aa sequence identities of approximately 92% with the two faba bean isolates from Germany and only 88.5 to 90.5% with other SbDV isolates. Attempts at aphid transmission of SbDV isolates from clover to faba bean were only successful for the combination Acyrthosiphon pisum and the white clover isolate. No faba bean seedlings became infected when the aphid species Aulacorthum solani and Aphis craccivora were given acquisition access feedings of 48 to 72 h on SbDV-infected white and red clover plants. The sequences determined in this study were deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. EF466131-EF466134). References: (1) A. D. Abraham et al. Phytopathology 96:437, 2006. (2) V. D. Damsteegt et al. Phytopathology 89:374, 1999. (3) T. Tamada and M. Kojima. No. 179 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. Assoc. Appl. Biol. Kew, England, 1977. (4) H. Terauchi et al. Arch. Virol. 146:1885, 2001.
Helmut Saucke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of sowing date and straw mulch on Virus incidence and aphid infestation in organically grown faba beans vicia faba
Annals of Applied Biology, 2009Co-Authors: Helmut Saucke, M Juergens, Thomas F Doring, S Fittje, D E Lesemann, H J VettenAbstract:The effect of sowing date on aphid infestation and the incidence of aphid-transmitted Viruses were investigated in organically managed, small-scale field experiments with two faba bean cultivars over 3 years (2002–04). As an additional factor, strawmulchwas applied in 2 of the 3 years shortly before the start of vector activity in May. Virus incidence was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoelectron microscopy. Aphid flight activity was monitored using standard yellow water traps. Bean colonising aphids were assessed throughout the vegetation period by counting the number of plants infested with Acyrthosiphon pisum, Megoura viciae and Aphis fabae. Pea enation mosaic Virus and bean yellow mosaic Virus were the most abundant aphid-transmitted Viruses, being detected in 22–54% and 9–69%, respectively, of the total number of Virus-infected plants analysed per year. Further aphid-transmitted Viruses found in faba bean were bean leaf roll Virus, beet western yellows Virus, clover yellow vein Virus (in 2002) and Soybean Dwarf Virus (in 2004). A. pisum was the predominant aphid species colonising faba bean plants. Early sowing compared with late sowing led to a significant reduction of the total Virus incidence in faba bean in all 3 years. However, significantly decreased levels of A. pisum colonisation as a result of early sowing were observed only in 1 year and one cultivar. Irrespective of sowing date, straw mulching had no significant effects on Virus incidence and aphid colonisation. Compared with late sowing, early sowing significantly increased bean yield in all 3 years and kernel weight in 2 years, whereas straw mulching had no effect on yield.
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first report of Soybean Dwarf Virus genus luteoVirus infecting faba bean and clover in germany
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: Adane Abraham, Wulf Menzel, H J Vetten, Helmut SauckeAbstract:In 2003, leaf samples from faba bean plants (Vicia faba L.) showing slight growth reductions and yellowing symptoms were collected in a field near Hebenshausen, Hesse, Germany. Some of these samples did not react in triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) with species-specific monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to either Bean leaf roll Virus or Turnip yellows Virus, but did react with a broad-spectrum Mab (B-2-5G4) used to detect Viruses in the genera PoleroVirus and LuteoVirus (family Luteoviridae) (1). Since this indicated the occurrence of a hitherto unrecognized polero- or luteoVirus in faba bean in Germany, attempts were made to obtain nucleotide sequence information on two of the unknown faba bean isolates using a pair of degenerate primers (S2 [5'-ATCACITTCGGGCCGWSTCTATCAGA-3'] and AS3 [5'-CACGCGTCIACCTATTTIGGRTTITG-3'] [I = inosine]) derived from conserved domains in the capsid protein (CP) genes of several polero- and luteoViruses. Following reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplification and cloning, the CP gene sequences of two genetically distinct isolates of Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV), a species of the genus LuteoVirus, were obtained. To our knowledge, SbDV has not been reported from Germany or Europe but only from Africa, Australia, Japan, and the United States. In the two latter countries, at least two SbDV strain groups, SbDV-Y (for yellowing) and SbDV-D (for Dwarfing), are distinguished on the basis of differences in symptomatology, host range, and molecular properties (2-4). On the basis of CP aa sequences, the two faba bean isolates from Hebenshausen differed by 8%, with one (FB1) most similar (>96% identity) to SbDV-D isolates and the other (FB2) closely related (>96%) to SbDV-Y isolates. Similar to observations in Japan (3) and the United States (2), we were able to detect SbDV in numerous samples from red clover (Trifolium pratense) and white clover (T. repens) in Braunschweig using SbDV antibodies (Agdia, Elkhart, IN) in DAS-ELISA. This was confirmed by RT-PCR amplification of CP gene sequences using SbDV-specific primers (SbDVs: 5'-GTCTACCTAAAAATTTCAAAGAATCTG-3'; SbDVas: 5'-CGGACCCGGTTCTCCGTCTA-3'). CP sequence analysis of two SbDV-positive clover samples revealed the presence of a SbDV-D isolate in red clover. However, a white clover plant contained an unusual SbDV isolate that possessed a unique CP, sharing aa sequence identities of approximately 92% with the two faba bean isolates from Germany and only 88.5 to 90.5% with other SbDV isolates. Attempts at aphid transmission of SbDV isolates from clover to faba bean were only successful for the combination Acyrthosiphon pisum and the white clover isolate. No faba bean seedlings became infected when the aphid species Aulacorthum solani and Aphis craccivora were given acquisition access feedings of 48 to 72 h on SbDV-infected white and red clover plants. The sequences determined in this study were deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. EF466131-EF466134). References: (1) A. D. Abraham et al. Phytopathology 96:437, 2006. (2) V. D. Damsteegt et al. Phytopathology 89:374, 1999. (3) T. Tamada and M. Kojima. No. 179 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. Assoc. Appl. Biol. Kew, England, 1977. (4) H. Terauchi et al. Arch. Virol. 146:1885, 2001.
K M Makkouk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survey of Viruses Affecting Legume Crops in the Amhara and Oromia Regions of Ethiopia
Firenze University Press, 2005Co-Authors: B. Bekele, M Ayalew, A Yusuf, K M Makkouk, S G Kumari, K. Ali, M. Aslake, G. Girma, D. HailuAbstract:Field surveys were undertaken to identify the viral diseases affecting lentil, faba bean, chickpea, pea, fenugreek and grass pea in two regions of Ethiopia. The surveys were conducted in the regions of Amhara (Gonder and Gojam administrative zones) and Oromia (Bale administrative zone) during the 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 growing seasons, respectively. The survey covered 138 randomly selected fields (48 faba bean, 10 pea, 38 grass pea, 34 chickpea, 8 lentil) in the Amhara region, and 51 legume fields (29 faba bean, 12 pea, 3 lentil, 5 fenugreek, 2 chickpea) in the Oromia region. Virus disease incidence was determined by laboratory testing of 100–200 randomly-collected samples from each field against the antisera of 12 legume Viruses. Of the 189 fields surveyed, 121 and 7 had, at the time of the survey, a Virus disease incidence of 1% or less and more than 6%, respectively, based on visual inspection in the field; later laboratory testing showed that the number of fields in these two categories was in fact 99 and 56, respectively. Serological tests indicated that the most important Viruses in the Amhara region were Faba bean necrotic yellows Virus (FBNYV), Bean yellow mosaic Virus (BYMV), Pea seed-borne mosaic Virus (PSbMV) and the luteoViruses [e.g. Beet western yellows Virus (BWYV), Bean leaf roll Virus (BLRV), Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV)]. By contrast, only FBNYV and the luteoViruses were detected in the Oromia region. Other Viruses, such as Broad bean mottle Virus (BBMV) and Alfalfa mosaic Virus (AMV), were rarely detected in the Amhara region. This is the first report in Ethiopia of natural infection of faba bean, pea and fenugreek with SbDV, of fenugreek with BWYV, and of grass pea with BYMV, PSbMV and BWYV, and it is also the first recorded instance of BBMV infecting legume crops in Ethiopia
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first record of beet western yellows Virus chickpea chlorotic Dwarf Virus faba bean necrotic yellows Virus and Soybean Dwarf Virus infecting chickpea and lentil crops in iran
Plant Pathology, 2002Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, S G Kumari, Y Fazlali, S FarzadfarAbstract:) crops in five pro-vinces (Qazvin, Kermanshah, Kurdistan, East Azarbaijanand West Azarbaijan) of Iran. A total of 6979 chickpeaand 1760 lentil samples were collected randomly from 51chickpea and 13 lentil fields (100–150 samples per field).These samples were tested for the presence of 13 differentlegume Viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay procedure(Lin
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first record of beet western yellows Virus chickpea chlorotic Dwarf Virus and faba bean necrotic yellows Virus affecting faba bean vicia faba crops in iraq
Plant Pathology, 2001Co-Authors: K M Makkouk, M A Elmuadhidi, S G KumariAbstract:A survey to identify Virus diseases affecting faba bean(Vicia faba) in Iraq was conducted during April 2000.Around 4400 samples were collected from 36 faba beanfields distributed in five governorates (ten in Baghdad,nine in Al-Anbar, three in Diyala, five in At-Tamim andnine in Ninawa). These samples were tested for thepresence of 12 different Viruses by tissue-blot immu-noassay (Lin et al., 1990), using a battery of polyclonaland monoclonal antibodies. Rabbit polyclonal antiseraspecific for Chickpea chlorotic Dwarf Virus (CCDV)(Horn et al., 1993); Broad bean true mosaic Virus(BBTMV) (from H. Rohloff, BBA, Braunschweig,Germany); Broad bean wilt Virus (BBWV); Pea enationmosaic Virus (PEMV) (from IPO, Wageningen, theNetherlands); Alfalfa mosaic Virus (AMV); Bean yellowmosaic Virus (BYMV); Broad bean mottle Virus(BBMV); Broad bean stain Virus (BBSV); Cucumbermosaic Virus (CMV); and Pea seed-borne mosaic Virus(PSbMV) (from Virology Laboratory, ICARDA,Aleppo, Syria) were used, in addition to a monoclonalspecific for Faba bean necrotic yellows Virus (FBNYV)(Franz et al., 1996) and a broad-spectrum legumeluteoVirus monoclonal (5G4) (Katul, 1992). To identifyspecific luteoViruses, samples that tested positive usingmonoclonal 5G4 were tested against five furthermonoclonals: Beet western yellows Virus (BWYV)(ATCC PVAS-647); Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV) (ATCCPVAS-650); Potato leaf roll Virus (PLRV) (ATCC PVAS-649); and Bean leaf roll Virus (BLRV) (4B10) and 6F9,which reacts with either BLRV or SbDV (Katul, 1992).BYMV was the most abundant Virus in faba bean inIraq, identified in 68% of test samples. In 50% of thefields surveyed, BYMV was identified at extremely highlevels (80–100% infection). BWYV was detected in 135samples collected from 15 fields from all five governor-ates. Two fields in the Ninawa governorate were highlyinfected with BWYV (62 and 96%). CCDV wasdetected in eight samples collected from three fields(two in El-Anbar and one in Ninawa), and FBNYV wasdetected in seven samples collected from two fields inNinawa governorate.This is the first record of BWYV, CCDV and FBNYVaffecting faba bean in Iraq. Other Viruses such as AMV,BBWVand CMV were detected in fewer than 1% of thesamples tested. BBMV, BBSV, BBTMV, PEMV andPSbMV were not detected in any of the samples.
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first report of Soybean Dwarf Virus infecting lentil and beet western yellows Virus infecting lentil and chickpea crops in ethiopia
Plant Disease, 1999Co-Authors: N Tadesse, Adane Abraham, Kemal Ali, D Gorfu, A Lencho, M Ayalew, A Yusuf, K M Makkouk, S G KumariAbstract:A survey conducted during November 14–23, 1998, to identify Viruses infecting chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and lentil (Lens culinaris) crops in the Shewa province of Ethiopia covered 33 chickpea and 32 lentil fields randomly selected. Identity of the Viruses present and Virus incidence were determined on the basis of laboratory testing of 100 to 200 randomly collected samples in addition to 15 to 20 symptomatic samples from each field. A total of 5,427 lentil and 3,836 chickpea samples were collected and tested for the presence of 12 different Viruses by tissue blot immunoassay (1) at the Plant Pathology Laboratory in Debre Zeit Agriculture Research Center, Ethiopia. All antisera were Virus specific, including those for beet western yellows Virus (BWYV; ATCC PVAS-647) and Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV; ATCC PVAS-650). More than 21% of the samples from 5 chickpea fields were infected; the most common Virus was BWYV. Also, at least 21% of the samples from 11 lentil fields were Virus positive; the most widespread ...
V. D. Damsteegt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification, characterization, and relatedness of luteoVirus isolates from forage legumes.
Phytopathology, 1999Co-Authors: V. D. Damsteegt, A. L. Stone, Douglas G. Luster, F. E. Gildow, Anthony J Russo, O. P. SmithAbstract:ABSTRACT Virus isolates from forage legumes collected from eight different states were identified as luteoViruses closely related to Soybean Dwarf luteoVirus Dwarfing (SbDV-D) and yellowing (SbDV-Y) described in Japan. All isolates produced reddened leaf margins in subterranean clover and were transmitted in a persistent manner by Acrythosiphon pisum, but not by Aulacorthum solani. Specific monoclonal antibodies raised against SbDV-Y were differentially reactive with endemic isolates. Immunoblots probed with a SbDV-D polyclonal antiserum showed single 26-kDa coat protein bands, confirming close serological relatedness to SbDV. Analyses of genomic and subgenomic double-stranded RNAs and northern blot analyses confirmed genomic relatedness to SbDV. Based on our results, we conclude that the U.S. luteoVirus isolates studied comprise a strain or strains of the Soybean Dwarf Virus that have clovers as common hosts and the pea aphid as a common vector.
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Soybean Dwarf bean leaf roll and beet western yellow luteoViruses in southeastern u s white clover
Plant Disease, 1995Co-Authors: V. D. Damsteegt, Andrew L Stone, A D HewingsAbstract:Leaf samples collected from white clover plants in several eastern and southeastern states between 1986 and 1991 were tested for the presence of Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV), bean leaf roll Virus (BLRV), and beet western yellows Virus (BWYV) by aphid transmission and serologyThe majority of the 991 samples were from randomly selected, asymptomatic, white clover plants in or near established clover stands. We report here the widespread occurrence of SbDV and BLRV in the southeastern United States. Nearly 25% of all white clover samples contained SbDV, BLRV, or both, while less than 10% contained BWYV
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nucleotide sequence and e coli expression of the coat protein gene of the yellowing strain of Soybean Dwarf luteoVirus
Archives of Virology, 1993Co-Authors: Oney P. Smith, V. D. Damsteegt, K F Harris, R Vonder A HaarAbstract:The nucleotide sequence of the coat protein gene of the yellowing (Y) strain of Soybean Dwarf Virus (SbDV) was determined from cloned cDNA. The gene contains 600 nucleotides and encodes a protein of 200 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 22 200. The identity of the open reading frame (ORF) encoding the coat protein was confirmed by expression of anEscherichia coli β-galactosidase fusion protein and detection by a dot blot immunoassay. Sequence comparisons of the deduced coat protein amino acids to several luteoViruses demonstrated that the SbDV-Y coat protein ORF shares greatest similarity with bean leaf roll Virus (BLRV) (65%).