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R A C Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting Lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: Khaled M. Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of Lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in Lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of Lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in Lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in Lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields. The other viruses found on both Lentil and chickpea were FBNYV, BWYV, chickpea chlorotic dwarf geminivirus, chickpea luteovirus, and alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus. Because of yield losses associated with PSbMV infection, the high levels of infection in Lentils are cause for concern. This is the first record of FBNYV and BWYV affecting Lentil and chickpea in Pakistan, but their incidence in the fields where they have been detected was low (less than 1%). FBNYV was detected in three of the 33 Lentil and two of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. BWYV was detected in two of the 33 Lentil and three of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting Lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of Lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in Lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of Lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in Lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in len...
Albert Vandenberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improved folate monoglutamate extraction and application to folate quantification from wild Lentil seeds by ultra performance liquid chromatography selective reaction monitoring mass spectrometry
Journal of Chromatography B, 2019Co-Authors: Haixia Zhang, Ambuj Bhushan Jha, Devini De Silva, Randy W Purves, Thomas D Warkentin, Albert VandenbergAbstract:Abstract Folates are important micronutrients in Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.). In this work, the folate extraction workflow in ascorbate-containing buffer was optimized and validated, and the concentrations of eight folate monoglutamates in cultivated and six wild Lentil species, grown under field or greenhouse conditions, were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). In general wild Lentil species had higher folate concentrations than cultivated genotypes. Lens tomentosus had the highest folate concentration with median values of 439.7 and 360.9 μg/100 g in the field and greenhouse, followed by Lens orientalis with 416.6 and 327.6 μg/100 g, respectively. A significant effect (P
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Venn diagram showing the number of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes differentially expressed among Lentil genotypes CDC Robin, 964a-46 and Eston after Ascochyta lentis infection.
2018Co-Authors: Ehsan Sari, Albert Vandenberg, Vijai Bhadauria, Larissa Ramsay, Hossein M. Borhan, Judith Lichtenzveig, Kirstin E. Bett, Sabine BannizaAbstract:Venn diagram showing the number of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes differentially expressed among Lentil genotypes CDC Robin, 964a-46 and Eston after Ascochyta lentis infection.
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A consensus linkage map of Lentil based on DArT markers from three RIL mapping populations
2018Co-Authors: Duygu Ates, Albert Vandenberg, Secil Aldemir, Ahmad Alsaleh, Semih Erdogmus, Seda Nemli, Abdullah Kahriman, Hakan Ozkan, Bahattin TanyolacAbstract:BackgroundLentil (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris Medikus) is a diploid (2n = 2x = 14), self-pollinating grain legume with a haploid genome size of about 4 Gbp and is grown throughout the world with current annual production of 4.9 million tonnes.Materials and methodsA consensus map of Lentil (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris Medikus) was constructed using three different Lentils recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, including “CDC Redberry” x “ILL7502” (LR8), “ILL8006” x “CDC Milestone” (LR11) and “PI320937” x “Eston” (LR39).ResultsThe Lentil consensus map was composed of 9,793 DArT markers, covered a total of 977.47 cM with an average distance of 0.10 cM between adjacent markers and constructed 7 linkage groups representing 7 chromosomes of the Lentil genome. The consensus map had no gap larger than 12.67 cM and only 5 gaps were found to be between 12.67 cM and 6.0 cM (on LG3 and LG4). The localization of the SNP markers on the Lentil consensus map were in general consistent with their localization on the three individual genetic linkage maps and the Lentil consensus map has longer map length, higher marker density and shorter average distance between the adjacent markers compared to the component linkage maps.ConclusionThis high-density consensus map could provide insight into the Lentil genome. The consensus map could also help to construct a physical map using a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome library and map based cloning studies. Sequence information of DArT may help localization of orientation scaffolds from Next Generation Sequencing data.
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detection of common vetch vicia sativa l in Lentil lens culinaris l using unique chemical fingerprint markers
Food Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Pushparajah Thavarajah, Dil Thavarajah, G A S Premakumara, Albert VandenbergAbstract:Abstract Detection of adulteration of split red Lentil ( Lens culinaris L.) seeds with low level addition of split common vetch ( Vicia sativa L.) is hampered by a lack of reliable detection methods. An analytical method was developed using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) based on two unique chemical markers found in common vetch: s-cyanoalanine (BCA) and γ-glutamyl-s-cyanoalanine (GCA). These two markers were present in samples of common vetch seed grown in Canada and Serbia. Authentic Lentil samples grown in Canada, Australia, USA, Turkey, Syria, and Morocco had no detectable levels of these chemical markers. Commercial Lentil samples for export from Lentil processing plants in Saskatchewan, Canada, also had no detectable levels of GCA and BCA. The presence of vetch in intentionally adulterated Lentil samples could be determined via chemical markers with a detection limit of 5% (w/w). The proposed method is a simple sample extraction and rapid HPLC analysis that could be widely used to detect intentional adulteration of Lentils with common vetch.
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a global survey of effects of genotype and environment on selenium concentration in Lentils lens culinaris l implications for nutritional fortification strategies
Food Chemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Dil Thavarajah, Ashutosh Sarker, Pushparajah Thavarajah, George J Vandemark, Michael Materne, Renuka Shrestha, Omar Idrissi, Omar Hacikamiloglu, Beybin Bucak, Albert VandenbergAbstract:Abstract Lentils ( Lens culinaris L.) are an important protein and carbohydrate food, rich in essential dietary components and trace elements. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for human health. For adults, 55 μg of daily Se intake is recommended for better health and cancer prevention. Millions of people around the world have Se-deficient diets and biofortification may be an effective solution. The total Se concentration of Lentils grown in six major Lentil-producing countries were analysed to determine the potential for Se biofortification in these regions. The highest Se concentrations based on location means were found in Lentils from Nepal (180 μg/kg) and southern Australia (148 μg/kg) while the lowest were those from Syria (22 μg/kg), Morocco (28 μg/kg), northwestern USA (26 μg/kg), and Turkey (47 μg/kg). Significant location effects within a country were observed for Nepal and Australia. All values were lower than previous published data for Saskatchewan grown Lentils (425–672 μg/kg). Lentils originating from Australia, Nepal, or Canada could be considered good sources of Se, as consumption of 50 g would provide 13–61% of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Our findings indicate Lentil may be appropriate as a target crop for Se biofortification and investigated as a food-based solution for populations with Se deficiencies.
Muhammad Bashir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting Lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: Khaled M. Makkouk, Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of Lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in Lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of Lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in Lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in Lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields. The other viruses found on both Lentil and chickpea were FBNYV, BWYV, chickpea chlorotic dwarf geminivirus, chickpea luteovirus, and alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus. Because of yield losses associated with PSbMV infection, the high levels of infection in Lentils are cause for concern. This is the first record of FBNYV and BWYV affecting Lentil and chickpea in Pakistan, but their incidence in the fields where they have been detected was low (less than 1%). FBNYV was detected in three of the 33 Lentil and two of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. BWYV was detected in two of the 33 Lentil and three of the 34 chickpea fields surveyed. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994.
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first record of faba bean necrotic yellows virus and beet western yellows luteovirus affecting Lentil and chickpea in pakistan
Plant Disease, 1998Co-Authors: Muhammad Bashir, R A C JonesAbstract:In an intensive survey of Lentil and chickpea fields and Research Station plots in the Punjab province of Pakistan, more than 6,505 samples were collected and tested for presence of 14 different viruses by the tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA) procedure (2). All antisera used were virus specific, including those for faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (1) and beet western yellows luteovirus (BWYV) (ATCC 647). Counting plants with virus symptoms greatly underestimated virus incidence in Lentil crops but was a better guide to virus occurrence in chickpeas. Overall, about 1 in 5 plants of Lentil were virus infected with 15% of fields having incidence over 50%. In contrast, levels of infection were mostly low in chickpea. Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) followed by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), both of which are aphid- and seed-borne, were the most abundant viruses in Lentils, but also occurred in chickpea. PSbMV incidence was 17% in Lentil and 0.1% in chickpea fields, whereas CMV incidence was 1% in len...
Rebecca Ford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lens orientalis Contributes Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Associated With Ascochyta Blight Resistance in Lentil
'Frontiers Media SA', 2021Co-Authors: Rebecca Ford, Ido Bar, Prabhakaran Thanjavur Sambasivam, Rama Harinath Reddy Dadu, Janine Croser, Federico Ribalta, Sukhjiwan Kaur, Shimna Sudheesh, Dorin GuptaAbstract:Australian Lentil production is affected by several major biotic constraints including Ascochyta blight (AB), caused by Ascochyta lentis, a devastating fungal disease. Cultivation of AB resistant cultivars, alongside agronomic management including fungicide application, is the current most economically viable control strategy. However, the breakdown of AB resistance in cultivars, such as Northfield and Nipper, suggests the need for introgression of new and diverse resistance genes. Successful introgression entails an understanding of the genetic basis of resistance. In this context, a biparental mapping population derived from a cross between a recently identified AB resistant accession ILWL 180 (Lens orientalis) and a susceptible cultivar ILL 6002 was produced. A genetic linkage map was constructed from single-nucleotide polymorphism markers generated using a genotyping-by-sequencing transcript approach. Genetic dissection of the mapping population revealed a major quantitative trait loci (QTL) region nested with three QTLs on linkage group 5 and explained 9.5–11.5 percent (%) of phenotypic variance for AB resistance. Another QTL was identified on LG2 with phenotypic variance of 9.6%. The identified QTL regions harbored putative candidate genes potentially associated with defense responses to A. lentis infection. The QTL analysis and the candidate gene information are expected to contribute to the development of diagnostic markers and enable marker-assisted resistance selection in Lentil breeding programmes
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Transcriptome profiling of Lentil (Lens culinaris) through the first 24 hours of Ascochyta lentis infection reveals key defence response genes
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Mahsa Khorramdelazad, Ido Bar, Paul Whatmore, Gabrielle Smetham, Vijay Bhaaskaria, Yuedong Yang, Shahla Hosseini Bai, Nitin Mantri, Yaoqi Zhou, Rebecca FordAbstract:Abstract Background Ascochyta blight, caused by the fungus Ascochyta lentis, is one of the most destructive Lentil diseases worldwide, resulting in over $16 million AUD annual loss in Australia alone. The use of resistant cultivars is currently considered the most effective and environmentally sustainable strategy to control this disease. However, little is known about the genes and molecular mechanisms underlying Lentil resistance against A. lentis. Results To uncover the genetic basis of Lentil resistance to A. lentis, differentially expressed genes were profiled in Lentil plants during the early stages of A. lentis infection. The resistant ‘ILL7537’ and susceptible ‘ILL6002’ Lentil genotypes were examined at 2, 6, and 24 h post inoculation utilising high throughput RNA-Sequencing. Genotype and time-dependent differential expression analysis identified genes which play key roles in several functions of the defence response: fungal elicitors recognition and early signalling; structural response; biochemical response; transcription regulators; hypersensitive reaction and cell death; and systemic acquired resistance. Overall, the resistant genotype displayed an earlier and faster detection and signalling response to the A. lentis infection and demonstrated higher expression levels of structural defence-related genes. Conclusions This study presents a first-time defence-related transcriptome of Lentil to A. lentis, including a comprehensive characterisation of the molecular mechanism through which defence against A. lentis is induced in the resistant Lentil genotype
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pathogenic variation and virulence related responses of ascochyta lentis on Lentil
European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2017Co-Authors: Prabhakaran Thanjavur Sambasivam, P W J Taylor, Rebecca FordAbstract:Ascochyta blight of Lentil (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris) is caused by Ascochyta lentis. The disease causes severe damage to all aerial parts of the plant and may lead to total crop loss during extremely severe epidemics. To identify qualitative differences in resistance within Australian Lentil crops, variation in virulence was examined among 17 isolates of A. lentis on six differential Lentil genotypes (ILL7537, ILL5588 (cv. Northfield), ILL6002, ILL5722 (cv. Digger), ILL481 (cv. Indianhead) and CIPA203 (cv. Nipper)). Six distinct virulence patterns were identified, with Pathotype I (AL4) being highly virulent, causing disease on all genotypes except ILL7537 and pathotype VI (Kewell) exhibiting low virulence on all genotypes. Histopathology studies were carried out to further understand interaction differences between isolate-host combinations and add to the knowledge of possible resistance mechanisms underlying Lentil’s defence to the pathogen. The infection process was compared between Lentil genotypes with different levels of resistance and isolates with different levels of virulence. Microscopic and biochemical differences were observed between compatible and incompatible interactions, which were related to time-after-inoculation, with slower responses noted in susceptible Lentil genotypes. Relatively fast release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a subsequent hypersensitive response (HR) was central to initial defence at the point of penetration in the most resistant Lentil genotypes.
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a novel lens orientalis resistance source to the recently evolved highly aggressive australian ascochyta lentis isolates
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017Co-Authors: Rama Harinath Reddy Dadu, Rebecca Ford, Prabhakaran Thanjavur Sambasivam, Dorin GuptaAbstract:Substantial yield losses and poor seed quality are frequently associated with Ascochyta blight infection of Lentil caused by Ascochyta lentis. Recently reported changes in aggressiveness of A. lentis have led to decreased resistance within cultivars such as Northfield and Nipper in Australia. Furthermore, the narrow genetic base of the current breeding program remains a risk for further selective pathogen evolution to overcome other currently used resistances. Therefore, incorporation of potentially novel and diverse resistance genes into the advanced lines will aid to improve cultivar stability. To identify these, 30 genotypes sourced from five wild species (Lens orientalis, L. odomensis, L. ervoides, L. nigricans and L. lamottei), including eight previously reported resistance sources, were screened for disease reaction to two recently isolated and highly aggressive isolates. Subsequently, two L. orientalis accessions were found highly resistant and a further six L. nigricans, one L. odemensis, one L. ervoides, one L. lamottei and one L. orientalis accessions were moderately resistant. Several of these were more resistant than the currently deployed resistance source, ILL 7537. Furthermore, L. orientalis accession ILWL 180 was consistently resistant against other highly aggressive isolates recovered from diverse geographical Lentil growing regions and host genotypes, suggesting stability and potential for future use of this accession in the Australian Lentil breeding program.
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changes in aggressiveness of the ascochyta lentis population in southern australia
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016Co-Authors: J A Davidson, Gabriel Smetham, Michelle H Russ, Larn Mcmurray, Matthew S Rodda, Marzena Krysinskakaczmarek, Rebecca FordAbstract:Anecdotal evidence identified a change in the reaction of the resistant Lentil cv Nipper to ascochyta blight in South Australia in 2010 and subsequent seasons, leading to infection. This study investigated field reactions of Lentil cultivars against Ascochyta lentis and the pathogenic variability of the A. lentis population in southern Australia on commonly grown cultivars and on parental germplasm used in the Australian Lentil breeding program. Disease data recorded in agronomic and plant breeder field trials from 2005 to 2014 in southern Australia confirmed the change in reaction on the foliage of the previously resistant cvs Nipper and Northfield. Cultivar responses to seed staining from A. lentis did not change. The change in foliar response was confirmed in a series of controlled environment experiments using single, conidium-derived, isolates of A. lentis collected over different years and inoculated onto differential host sets. Specific isolate/cultivar interactions produced a significant range of disease reactions from high to low aggressiveness with a greater percentage of isolates more aggressive on cvs Nipper, Northfield and PBA Flash than previously detected. Specific isolates were tested against Australian Lentil cultivars and breeding lines in controlled conditions, again verifying the aggressiveness on cv Nipper. A small percentage of isolates collected prior to the commercial release of cv Nipper were also able to infect this cultivar indicating a natural variability of the A. lentis population which subsequently may have been selected in response to high cropping intensity of cv Nipper. Spore release studies from naturally infested Lentil stubbles collected from commercial crops also resulted in a high percentage of infection on the previously resistant cvs Nipper and Northfield. Less than 10% of the lesions developed on the resistant differentials ILL7537 and cv Indianhead. Pathogenic variation within the seasonal populations was not affected by the cultivar from which the stubble was sourced, further indicating a natural variability in aggressiveness. The impact of dominant cultivars in cropping systems and loss of effective disease resistance is discussed. Future studies are needed to determine if levels of aggressiveness among A. lentis isolates are increasing against a range of elite cultivars.
Krista A Power - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cooked red Lentils dose dependently modulate the colonic microenvironment in healthy c57bl 6 male mice
Nutrients, 2019Co-Authors: Daniela Graf, Jennifer M Monk, Dion Lepp, Laurel Mcgillis, Kyle Roberton, Yolanda Brummer, Susan M Tosh, Krista A PowerAbstract:Dietary pulses, including Lentils, are protein-rich plant foods that are enriched in intestinal health-promoting bioactives, such as non-digestible carbohydrates and phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diets supplemented with cooked red Lentils on the colonic microenvironment (microbiota composition and activity and epithelial barrier integrity and function). C57Bl/6 male mice were fed one of five diets: a control basal diet (BD), a BD-supplemented diet with 5, 10 or 20% cooked red Lentils (by weight), or a BD-supplemented diet with 0.7% pectin (equivalent soluble fiber level as found in the 20% Lentil diet). Red Lentil supplementation resulted in increased: (1) fecal microbiota α-diversity; (2) abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (e.g., Prevotella, Roseburia and Dorea spp.); (3) concentrations of fecal SCFAs; (4) mRNA expression of SCFA receptors (G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR 41 and 43) and tight/adherens junction proteins (Zona Occulden-1 (ZO-1), Claudin-2, E-cadherin). Overall, 20% Lentil had the greatest impact on colon health outcomes, which were in part explained by a change in the soluble and insoluble fiber profile of the diet. These results support recent public health recommendations to increase consumption of plant-based protein foods for improved health, in particular intestinal health.
