The Experts below are selected from a list of 9612 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
James M Mcqueen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
allophones not phonemes in Spoken Word Recognition
Journal of Memory and Language, 2018Co-Authors: Holger Mitterer, James M Mcqueen, Eva ReinischAbstract:Abstract What are the phonological representations that listeners use to map information about the segmental content of speech onto the mental lexicon during Spoken-Word Recognition? Recent evidence from perceptual-learning paradigms seems to support (context-dependent) allophones as the basic representational units in Spoken-Word Recognition. But recent evidence from a selective-adaptation paradigm seems to suggest that context-independent phonemes also play a role. We present three experiments using selective adaptation that constitute strong tests of these representational hypotheses. In Experiment 1, we tested generalization of selective adaptation using different allophones of Dutch /r/ and /l/ – a case where generalization has not been found with perceptual learning. In Experiments 2 and 3, we tested generalization of selective adaptation using German back fricatives in which allophonic and phonemic identity were varied orthogonally. In all three experiments, selective adaptation was observed only if adaptors and test stimuli shared allophones. Phonemic identity, in contrast, was neither necessary nor sufficient for generalization of selective adaptation to occur. These findings and other recent data using the perceptual-learning paradigm suggest that pre-lexical processing during Spoken-Word Recognition is based on allophones, and not on context-independent phonemes.
-
interference of Spoken Word Recognition through phonological priming from visual objects and printed Words
Attention Perception & Psychophysics, 2014Co-Authors: James M Mcqueen, Falk HuettigAbstract:Three cross-modal priming experiments examined the influence of preexposure to pictures and printed Words on the speed of Spoken Word Recognition. Targets for auditory lexical decision were Spoken Dutch Words and nonWords, presented in isolation (Experiments 1 and 2 )o r after a short phrase (Experiment 3). Auditory stimuli were preceded by primes, which were pictures (Experiments 1 and 3 )o r those pictures' printed names (Experiment 2). Prime-target pairs were phonologically onset related (e.g., pijl-pijn, arrow-pain), were from the same semantic category (e.g., pijl-zwaard, arrow-sWord), or were unrelated on both dimensions. Phono- logical interference and semantic facilitation were observed in all experiments. Priming magnitude was similar for pictures and printed Words and did not vary with picture viewing time or number of pictures in the display (either one or four). These effects arose even though participants were not explicitly instructed to name the pictures and where strategic naming would interfere with lexical decision making. This suggests that, by default, processing of related pictures and printed Words influences how quickly we recognize Spoken Words.
-
suprasegmental lexical stress cues in visual speech can guide Spoken Word Recognition
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 2014Co-Authors: Alexandra Jesse, James M McqueenAbstract:Visual cues to the individual segments of speech and to sentence prosody guide speech Recognition. The present study tested whether visual suprasegmental cues to the stress patterns of Words can also constrain Recognition. Dutch listeners use acoustic suprasegmental cues to lexical stress (changes in duration, amplitude, and pitch) in Spoken-Word Recognition. We asked here whether they can also use visual suprasegmental cues. In two categorization experiments, Dutch participants saw a speaker say fragments of Word pairs that were segmentally identical but differed in their stress realization (e.g., ˈca-vi from cavia “guinea pig” vs. ˌka-vi from kaviaar “caviar”). Participants were able to distinguish between these pairs from seeing a speaker alone. Only the presence of primary stress in the fragment, not its absence, was informative. Participants were able to distinguish visually primary from secondary stress on first syllables, but only when the fragment-bearing target Word carried phrase-level emphasis....
-
early use of phonetic information in Spoken Word Recognition lexical stress drives eye movements immediately
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 2010Co-Authors: Eva Reinisch, Alexandra Jesse, James M McqueenAbstract:For optimal Word Recognition listeners should use all relevant acoustic information as soon as it comes available. Using printed-Word eye tracking we investigated when during Word processing Dutch listeners use suprasegmental lexical stress information to recognize Words. Fixations on targets such as “OCtopus” (capitals indicate stress) were more frequent than fixations on segmentally overlapping but differently stressed competitors (“okTOber”) before segmental information could disambiguate the Words. Furthermore, prior to segmental disambiguation, initially stressed Words were stronger lexical competitors than noninitially stressed Words. Listeners recognize Words by immediately using all relevant information in the speech signal.
-
lexical stress information modulates the time course of Spoken Word Recognition
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2008Co-Authors: Eva Reinisch, Alexandra Jesse, James M McqueenAbstract:Segmental as well as suprasegmental information is used by Dutch listeners to recognize Words. The time‐course of the effect of suprasegmental stress information on Spoken‐Word Recognition was investigated by tracking Dutch listeners' looks to arrays of four printed Words on a computer screen as they listened to Spoken sentences. Each target was displayed along with a competitor that did not differ segmentally in its first two syllables but differed in stress placement (e.g., 'CENtimeter' and 'sentiMENT'; capitals marking stressed syllables). The listeners' eye‐movements showed that suprasegmental stress information is used to recognize the target before distinct segmental information is available. Furthermore, the presence of initial‐syllable stress affected the degree to which Words compete for Recognition: Targets with non‐initial stress ('sentiMENT') suffered from stronger competition than initially stressed targets ('CENtimeter'). Follow‐up experiments showed that initial‐syllable duration, as a cue ...
David B Pisoni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
clustering coefficients of lexical neighborhoods does neighborhood structure matter in Spoken Word Recognition
The Mental Lexicon, 2010Co-Authors: Nicholas Altieri, Thomas M Gruenenfelder, David B PisoniAbstract:High neighborhood density reduces the speed and accuracy of Spoken Word Recognition. The two studies reported here investigated whether Clustering Coefficient (CC) — a graph theoretic variable measuring the degree to which a Word’s neighbors are neighbors of one another, has similar effects on Spoken Word Recognition. In Experiment 1, we found that high CC Words were identified less accurately when spectrally degraded than low CC Words. In Experiment 2, using a Word repetition procedure, we observed longer response latencies for high CC Words compared to low CC Words. Taken together, the results of both studies indicate that higher CC leads to slower and less accurate Spoken Word Recognition. The results are discussed in terms of activation-plus-competition models of Spoken Word Recognition.
-
lexical neighborhood density effects on Spoken Word Recognition and production in healthy aging
Journals of Gerontology Series B-psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 2010Co-Authors: Geoffrey P Aaron, Vanessa Taler, Lauren G Steinmetz, David B PisoniAbstract:We examined the effects of lexical competition and Word frequency on Spoken Word Recognition and production in healthy aging. Older (n = 16) and younger adults (n = 21) heard and repeated meaningful English sentences pre- sented in the presence of multitalker babble at two signal-to-noise ratios, +10 and −3 dB. Each sentence contained three keyWords of high or low Word frequency and phonological neighborhood density (ND). Both participant groups responded less accurately to high- than low-ND stimuli; response latencies (from stimulus offset to re- sponse onset) were longer for high- than low-ND sentences, whereas response durations—time from response onset to response offset—were longer for low- than high-ND stimuli. ND effects were strongest for older adults in the most difficult conditions, and ND effects in accuracy were related to inhibitory function. The results suggest that the sentence repetition task described here taps the effects of lexical competition in both perception and production and that these effects are similar across the life span, but that accuracy in the lexical discrimination process is affected by declining inhibitory function in older adults.
-
the handbook of speech perception
2004Co-Authors: David B Pisoni, Robert E. RemezAbstract:List of Contributors. Preface: Michael Studdert-Kennedy (Haskins Laboratories). Introduction: David B. Pisoni (Indiana University) and Robert E. Remez (Barnard College). Part I: Sensing Speech. 1. Acoustic Analysis and Synthesis of Speech: James R. Sawusch (University at Buffalo). 2. Perceptual Organization of Speech: Robert E. Remez (Barnard College). 3. Primacy of Multimodal Speech Perception: Lawrence D. Rosenblum (University of California, Riverside). 4. Phonetic Processing by the Speech Perceiving Brain: Lynne E. Bernstein (House Ear Institute). 5. Event-related Evoked Potentials (ERPs) in Speech Perception: Dennis Molfese, Alexandra P. Fonaryova Key, Mandy J. Maguire, Guy O. Dove and Victoria J. Molfese (all University of Louisville). Part II: Perception of Linguistic Properties. 6. Features in Speech Perception and Lexical Access: Kenneth N. Stevens (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). 7. Speech Perception and Phonological Contrast: Edward Flemming (Stanford University). 8. Acoustic Cues to the Perception of Segmental Phonemes: Lawrence J. Raphael (Adelphi University). 9. Clear Speech: Rosalie M. Uchanski (CID at Washington University School of Medicine). 10. Perception of Intonation: Jacqueline Vaissiere (Laboratoire de Phonetique et de Phonologique, Paris). 11. Lexical Stress: Anne C. Cutler (Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands). 12. Slips of the Ear: Z. S. Bond (Ohio University). Part III: Perception of Indexical Properties. 13. Perception of Dialect Variation: Cynthia Clopper and David B. Pisoni (both Indiana University). 14. Perception of Voice Quality: Jody Kreiman (UCLA), Diana Vanlancker-Sidtis (New York University) and Bruce R. Gerratt (UCLA). 15. Speaker Normalization in Speech Perception: Keith A. Johnson (Ohio State University). 16. Perceptual Integration of Linguistic and Non-Linguistic Properties of Speech: Lynne C. Nygaard (Emory University). Part IV: Speech Perception by Special Listeners. 17. Speech Perception in Infants: Derek M. Houston (Indiana University School of Medicine). 18. Speech Perception in Childhood: Amanda C. Walley (University of Alabama, Birmingham). 19. Age-related Changes in Spoken Word Recognition: Mitchell S. Sommers (Washington University). 20. Speech Perception in Deaf Children with Cochlear Implants: David B. Pisoni (Indiana University). 21. Speech Perception following Focal Brain Injury: William Badacker (Johns Hopkins University). 22. Cross-Language Speech Perception: Nuria Sebastian-Galles (Parc Cientific de Barcelona - Hospital de San Joan de Deu). 23. Speech Perception in Specific Language Impairment: Susan Ellis Weismer (University of Wisconsin, Madison). Part V: Recognition of Spoken Words. 24. Spoken Word Recognition: The Challenge of Variation: Paul A. Luce and Conor T. McLennan (State University of New York, Buffalo). 25. Probabilistic Phonotactics in Spoken Word Recognition: Edward T. Auer, Jr. (House Ear Institute) and Paul A. Luce (State University of New York, Buffalo). Part VI: Theoretical Perspectives. 26. The Relation of Speech Perception and Speech Production: Carol A. Fowler and Bruno Galantucci (both Haskins Laboratories). 27. A Neuroethological Perspective on the Perception of Vocal Communication Signals: Timothy Gentner (University of Chicago) and Gregory F. Ball (Johns Hopkins University). Index
-
measures of working memory span and verbal rehearsal speed in deaf children after cochlear implantation
Ear and Hearing, 2003Co-Authors: David B Pisoni, Miranda ClearyAbstract:Large individual differences in Spoken Word Recognition performance have been found in deaf children after cochlear implantation. Recently, Pisoni and Geers (2000) reported that simple forward digit span measures of verbal working memory were significantly correlated with Spoken Word Recognition scores even after potentially confounding variables were statistically controlled for. The present study replicates and extends these initial findings to the full set of 176 participants in the CID cochlear implant study. The pooled data indicate that despite statistical "partialling-out" of differences in chronological age, communication mode, duration of deafness, duration of device use, age at onset of deafness, number of active electrodes, and speech feature discrimination, significant correlations still remain between digit span and several measures of Spoken Word Recognition. Strong correlations were also observed between speaking rate and both forward and backward digit span, a result that is similar to previously reported findings in normal-hearing adults and children. The results suggest that perhaps as much as 20% of the currently unexplained variance in Spoken Word Recognition scores may be independently accounted for by individual differences in cognitive factors related to the speed and efficiency with which phonological and lexical representations of Spoken Words are maintained in and retrieved from working memory. A smaller percentage, perhaps about 7% of the currently unexplained variance in Spoken Word Recognition scores, may be accounted for in terms of working memory capacity. We discuss how these relationships may arise and their contribution to subsequent speech and language development in prelingually deaf children who use cochlear implants.
-
modeling open set Spoken Word Recognition in postlingually deafened adults after cochlear implantation some preliminary results with the neighborhood activation model
2001 American Neurotology Society Meeting, 2003Co-Authors: Ted A Meyer, David B Pisoni, Stefan A Frisch, Richard T Miyamoto, Mario A SvirskyAbstract:Hypotheses: Do cochlear implants provide enough information to allow adult cochlear implant users to understand Words in ways that are similar to listeners with acoustic hearing? Can we use a computational model to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms used by cochlear implant users to recognize Spoken Words? Background: The Neighborhood Activation Model has been shown to be a reasonable model of Word Recognition for listeners with normal hearing. The Neighborhood Activation Model assumes that Words are recognized in relation to other similar-sounding Words in a listener’s lexicon. The probability of correctly identifying a Word is based on the phoneme perception probabilities from a listener’s closed-set consonant and vowel confusion matrices modified by the relative frequency of occurrence of the target Word compared with similar-sounding Words (neighbors). Common Words with few similar-sounding neighbors are more likely to be selected as responses than less common Words with many similar-sounding neighbors. Recent studies have shown that several of the assumptions of the Neighborhood Activation Model also hold true for cochlear implant users. Methods: Closed-set consonant and vowel confusion matrices were obtained from 26 postlingually deafened adults who use cochlear implants. Confusion matrices were used to represent input errors to the Neighborhood Activation Model. Responses to the different stimuli were then generated by the Neighborhood Activation Model after incorporating the frequency of occurrence counts of the stimuli and their neighbors. Model outputs were compared with obtained performance measures on the Consonant-Vowel Nucleus-Consonant Word test. Information transmission analysis was used to assess whether the Neighborhood Activation Model was able to successfully generate and predict Word and individual phoneme Recognition by cochlear implant users. Results: The Neighborhood Activation Model predicted Consonant-Vowel Nucleus-Consonant test Words at levels similar to those correctly identified by the cochlear implant users. The Neighborhood Activation Model also predicted phoneme feature information well. Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that the Neighborhood Activation Model provides a reasonable explanation of Word Recognition by postlingually deafened adults after cochlear implantation. It appears that multichannel cochlear implants give cochlear implant users access to their mental lexicons in a manner that is similar to listeners with acoustic hearing. The lexical properties of the test stimuli used to assess performance are important to Spoken-Word Recognition and should be included in further models of the Word Recognition process. Key Words: Cochlear implantation—Open set— Word Recognition.
Michael K Tanenhaus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
immediate effects of anticipatory coarticulation in Spoken Word Recognition
Journal of Memory and Language, 2014Co-Authors: Anne Pier Salverda, Dave F Kleinschmidt, Michael K TanenhausAbstract:Abstract Two visual-world experiments examined listeners’ use of pre Word-onset anticipatory coarticulation in Spoken-Word Recognition. Experiment 1 established the shortest lag with which information in the speech signal influences eye-movement control, using stimuli such as “The ... ladder is the target”. With a neutral token of the definite article preceding the target Word, saccades to the referent were not more likely than saccades to an unrelated distractor until 200–240 ms after the onset of the target Word. In Experiment 2, utterances contained definite articles which contained natural anticipatory coarticulation pertaining to the onset of the target Word (“The ladder ... is the target”). A simple Gaussian classifier was able to predict the initial sound of the upcoming target Word from formant information from the first few pitch periods of the article’s vowel. With these stimuli, effects of speech on eye-movement control began about 70 ms earlier than in Experiment 1, suggesting rapid use of anticipatory coarticulation. The results are interpreted as support for “data explanation” approaches to Spoken-Word Recognition. Methodological implications for visual-world studies are also discussed.
-
within category vot affects recovery from lexical garden paths evidence against phoneme level inhibition
Journal of Memory and Language, 2009Co-Authors: Bob Mcmurray, Michael K Tanenhaus, Richard N AslinAbstract:Spoken Word Recognition shows gradient sensitivity to within-category voice onset time (VOT), as predicted by several current models of Spoken Word Recognition, including TRACE (McClelland, J., & Elman, J. (1986). The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology, 18, 1–86). It remains unclear, however, whether this sensitivity is short-lived or whether it persists over multiple syllables. VOT continua were synthesized for pairs of Words like barricade and parakeet, which differ in the voicing of their initial phoneme, but otherwise overlap for at least four phonemes, creating an opportunity for “lexical garden-paths” when listeners encounter the phonemic information consistent with only one member of the pair. Simulations established that phoneme-level inhibition in TRACE eliminates sensitivity to VOT too rapidly to influence recovery. However, in two Visual World experiments, look-contingent and response-contingent analyses demonstrated effects of Word initial VOT on lexical garden-path recovery. These results are inconsistent with inhibition at the phoneme level and support models of Spoken Word Recognition in which sub-phonetic detail is preserved throughout the processing system.
-
garden path phenomena in Spoken Word Recognition gradient sensitivity to continuous acoustic detail facilitates ambiguity resolution
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2006Co-Authors: Bob Mcmurray, Michael K Tanenhaus, Richard N AslinAbstract:Studies have demonstrated that lexical activation is gradiently sensitive to continuous acoustic detail [McMurray et al., ‘‘Gradient effects of within‐catagory phonetic variation on lexical access,’’ Cognition 86, B33–B42 (2002)]. This study investigates the consequences of this for online Recognition, hypothesizing that such processes help maintain lexical alternatives and reactivate them if early interpretations are disfavored by subsequent input. Stimuli were pairs like barricade/parakeet, where, if the initial segment was misperceived, disambiguation would occur quite late. The effect of VOT on Recognition was assessed for tokens favoring the competitor (barakeet with VOTs between 15 and 0). A categorical system would categorize these as equally [b]; garden path to barricade; and show difficulty reactivating parakeet after /eet/. A gradient system would activate parakeet more for VOTs near the boundary, and recover from the garden path faster. Subjects heard ten 8‐step continua of this form and selected the target from screens containing the target (parakeet), competitor (barricade), and unrelated objects, while eye movements were recorded. Fixations revealed a gradient pattern of recovery time to switch from the competitor to the target was linearly related to VOT. Subsequent experiments verified that this was not due to stimulus range, nor to the visual presence of the competitor. Thus, lexical activation is sensitive to continuous detail, and this facilitates ambiguity resolution.
-
Eye movements and lexical access in Spoken-language comprehension: Evaluating a linking hypothesis between fixations and linguistic processing
Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2000Co-Authors: Michael K Tanenhaus, Delphine Dahan, Jeffery S. Magnuson, Craig ChambersAbstract:A growing number of researchers in the sentence processing community are using eye movements to address issues in Spoken language comprehension. Experiments using this paradigm have shown that visually presented referential information, including properties of referents relevant to specific actions, influences even the earliest moments of syntactic processing. Methodological concerns about task-specific strategies and the linking hypothesis between eye movements and linguistic processing are identified and discussed. These concerns are addressed in a review of recent studies of Spoken Word Recognition which introduce and evaluate a detailed linking hypothesis between eye movements and lexical access. The results provide evidence about the time course of lexical activation that resolves some important theoretical issues in Spoken-Word Recognition. They also demonstrate that fixations are sensitive to properties of the normal language-processing system that cannot be attributed to task-specific strategies.
-
tracking the time course of Spoken Word Recognition using eye movements evidence for continuous mapping models
Journal of Memory and Language, 1998Co-Authors: Paul D Allopenna, James S Magnuson, Michael K TanenhausAbstract:Eye movements to pictures of four objects on a screen were monitored as participants followed a Spoken instruction to move one of the objects, e.g., “Pick up the beaker; now put it below the diamond” (Experiment 1) or heard progressively larger gates and tried to identify the referent (Experiment 2). The distractor objects included a cohort competitor with a name that began with the same onset and vowel as the name of the target object (e.g.,beetle), a rhyme competitor (e.g.speaker), and an unrelated competitor (e.g.,carriage). In Experiment 1, there was clear evidence for both cohort and rhyme activation as predicted by continuous mapping models such as TRACE (McClelland and Elman, 1986) and Shortlist (Norris, 1994). Additionally, the time course and probabilities of eye movements closely corresponded to response probabilities derived from TRACE simulations using the Luce choice rule (Luce, 1959). In the gating task, which emphasizes Word-initial information, there was clear evidence for multiple activation of cohort members, as measured by judgments and eye movements, but no suggestion of rhyme effects. Given that the same sets of pictures were present during the gating task as in Experiment 1, we conclude that the rhyme effects in Experiment 1 were not an artifact of using a small set of visible alternatives.
Arthur G Samuel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
voices in the mental lexicon Words carry indexical information that can affect access to their meaning
Journal of Memory and Language, 2019Co-Authors: Efthymia C Kapnoula, Arthur G SamuelAbstract:Abstract The speech signal carries both linguistic and non-linguistic information (e.g., a talker’s voice qualities; referred to as indexical information). There is evidence that indexical information can affect some aspects of Spoken Word Recognition, but we still do not know whether and how it can affect access to a Word’s meaning. A few studies support a dual-route model, in which inferences about the talker can guide access to meaning via a route external to the mental lexicon. It remains unclear whether indexical information is also encoded within the mental lexicon. The present study tests for indexical effects on Spoken Word Recognition and referent selection within the mental lexicon. In two experiments, we manipulated voice-to-referent co-occurrence, while preventing participants from using indexical information in an explicit way. Participants learned novel Words (e.g., bifa) and their meanings (e.g., kite), with each talker’s voice linked (via systematic co-occurrence) to a specific referent (e.g., bifa Spoken by speaker 1 referred to a specific picture of a kite). In testing, voice-to-referent mapping either matched that of training (congruent), or not (incongruent). Participants’ looks to the target’s referent were used as an index of lexical activation. Listeners looked faster at a target’s referent on congruent than incongruent trials. The same pattern of results was observed in a third experiment, when testing was 24 hrs later. These results show that indexical information can be encoded in lexical representations and affect Spoken Word Recognition and referent selection. Our findings are consistent with episodic and distributed views of the mental lexicon that assume multi-dimensional lexical representations.
-
Running Head: Lexical McGurk Adaptation Word Count: 3249 Corresponding Author
2014Co-Authors: Arthur G Samuel, Jerrold Lieblich, Arthur SamuelAbstract:A model of Spoken Word Recognition must specify the types of representations involved in the process, and the ways that information flows among them. Prior research has shown that lexical activation can produce phonemic activation that is “real ” enough for the phonemes to affect the perception of later speech sounds through selective adaptation. In contrast, similar studies have found that the phonemic percepts generated by the (audiovisual) McGurk effect do not produce adaptation. The current study adds lexical support to McGurk-based adaptors, and replicates their inability to generate adaptation. Instead, purely visual adaptors produced adaptation effects on auditory test syllables. The results from the current and previous studies can be understood with two assumptions: (1) Lexical information actively supports the perception of phonemic codes when the signal is underspecified in some way (e.g., noisy, ambiguous, missing), and (2) Lexical information cannot affect lower-level perception when the bottom-up signal is strong. 3 Lexical McGurk Adaptation Spoken Word Recognition is a fundamental yet complex human ability. The speec
Meghan Sumner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
beyond lexical meaning the effect of emotional prosody on Spoken Word Recognition
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2017Co-Authors: Meghan SumnerAbstract:This study employs an auditory-visual associative priming paradigm to test whether non-emotional Words uttered in emotional prosody (e.g., pineapple Spoken in angry prosody or happy prosody) facilitate Recognition of semantically emotional Words (e.g., mad, upset or smile, joy). The results show an affective priming effect between emotional prosody and emotional Words independent of lexical carriers of the prosody. Learned acoustic patterns in speech (e.g., emotional prosody) map directly to social concepts and representations, and this social information influences the Spoken Word Recognition process.
-
voice specific effects in semantic association
Cognitive Science, 2015Co-Authors: Ed King, Meghan SumnerAbstract:Benefits to lexical access are provided by acoustically-cued speaker characteristics (such as gender and age), but little work has investigated these effects in meaning-based tasks. Word Recognition is affected both by a Word’s base-level activation and by associative spread of activation among Words, and is correlated with speed of lexical access. In a free association task and a semantic priming task, we find off-line and on-line evidence of speaker-specific relationships between Words. Our results suggest the need to extend existing models of Spoken Word Recognition to include interactions between linguistic information and social information that is cued by variation in speech.
-
effects of emotional prosody and attention on semantic priming
Cognitive Science, 2015Co-Authors: Seung K Kim, Meghan SumnerAbstract:We use an auditory-visual semantic priming paradigm to investigate the effect of phonetically-cued emotional information (emotional prosody) on semantic activation of a lexical carrier. In two experiments, we show that Words uttered in emotional prosody, although infrequent and atypical, do not necessarily hinder lexical access nor hamper subsequent semantic spreading, and that effects of emotional prosody on Word processing crucially depend on the global context in which different types of prosody are presented. These results illustrate the complex nature of Spoken Word Recognition and raise questions about how listeners incorporate multi-faceted information from Spoken Words.