The Experts below are selected from a list of 231 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Eve Marder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Convergence and Divergence of Cotransmitter Systems in the Crab Stomatogastric Nervous System
    The Crustacean Nervous System, 2020
    Co-Authors: Eve Marder, Andrew M Swensen, Andrew E Christie, Dawn M. Blitz, Michael P Nusbaum
    Abstract:

    Many neurons contain multiple cotransmitters, including neuropeptides. In the Stomatogastric nervous system a number of different neuropeptides are found colocalized with small molecule neurotransmitters. Three proctolin-containing projection neurons contain different cotransmitters, and modulate the Stomatogastric Ganglion motor patterns differently. A number of neuropeptides, including proctolin, found in inputs to the Stomatogastric Ganglion, converge onto the same membrane current. This includes colocalized peptides. Studying the peptidergic modulation of the Stomatogastric Ganglion provides a unique opportunity to uncover general principles of organization of peptidergic control systems.

  • sloppy morphological tuning in identified neurons of the crustacean Stomatogastric Ganglion
    eLife, 2017
    Co-Authors: Adriane G Otopalik, Marie L Goeritz, Alexander C Sutton, Ted Brookings, Cosmo Joseph Guerini, Eve Marder
    Abstract:

    Neuronal physiology depends on a neuron’s ion channel composition and unique morphology. Variable ion channel compositions can produce similar neuronal physiologies across animals. Less is known regarding the morphological precision required to produce reliable neuronal physiology. Theoretical studies suggest that moraphology is tightly tuned to minimize wiring and conduction delay of synaptic events. We utilize high-resolution confocal microscopy and custom computational tools to characterize the morphologies of four neuron types in the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) of the crab Cancer borealis. Macroscopic branching patterns and fine cable properties are variable within and across neuron types. We compare these neuronal structures to synthetic minimal spanning neurite trees constrained by a wiring cost equation and find that STG neurons do not adhere to prevailing hypotheses regarding wiring optimization principles. In this highly modulated and oscillating circuit, neuronal structures appear to be governed by a space-filling mechanism that outweighs the cost of inefficient wiring.

  • neuropilar projections of the anterior gastric receptor neuron in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of the jonah crab cancer borealis
    PLOS ONE, 2013
    Co-Authors: Marie L Goeritz, Matthew R Bowers, Brian Slepian, Eve Marder
    Abstract:

    Sensory neurons provide important feedback to pattern-generating motor systems. In the crustacean Stomatogastric nervous system (STNS), feedback from the anterior gastric receptor (AGR), a muscle receptor neuron, shapes the activity of motor circuits in the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) via polysynaptic pathways involving anterior ganglia. The AGR soma is located in the dorsal ventricular nerve posterior to the STG and it has been thought that its axon passes through the STG without making contacts. Using high-resolution confocal microscopy with dye-filled neurons, we show here that AGR from the crab Cancer borealis also has local projections within the STG and that these projections form candidate contact sites with STG motor neurons or with descending input fibers from other ganglia. We develop and exploit a new masking method that allows us to potentially separate presynaptic and postsynaptic staining of synaptic markers. The AGR processes in the STG show diversity in shape, number of branches and branching structure. The number of AGR projections in the STG ranges from one to three simple to multiply branched processes. The projections come in close contact with gastric motor neurons and descending neurons and may also be electrically coupled to other neurons of the STNS. Thus, in addition to well described long-loop pathways, it is possible that AGR is involved in integration and pattern regulation directly in the STG.

  • developmental regulation of neuromodulator function in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of the lobster homarus americanus
    The Journal of Neuroscience, 2008
    Co-Authors: Kristina J Rehm, Katherine E Deeg, Eve Marder
    Abstract:

    Neuromodulatory substances have profound effects on the two motor patterns generated by the adult crustacean Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG), the gastric mill rhythm and the pyloric rhythm. Developmentally regulated changes in the modulatory functions of neuromodulators could therefore play an important role in the maturation of the output from the developing STG. We compared the effects of neuromodulators on isolated embryonic and adult STG of the lobster, Homarus americanus . Bath application of Val 1 -SIFamide, a peptide whose expression is different in embryos and adults, activated different neuron classes in embryos and adults. Cancer borealis tachykinin-related peptide 1a, a peptide that does not appear in the terminals of modulatory neurons in the STG until after embryonic development, also produced different motor patterns in embryos and adults. In contrast, red pigment concentrating hormone, a peptide with a similar distribution in the STNS across development, produced similar motor patterns in embryonic and adult STG. Proctolin, serotonin, and allatostatin were also physiologically active on the isolated embryonic STG. Together, these results demonstrate that receptors to many neuromodulators are present and functional on STG neurons before the motor patterns of the Stomatogastric nervous system are mature. Moreover, neuromodulator responses change during development, perhaps contributing to the maturation of the output from the Stomatogastric nervous system.

  • Peptidergic Modulation of Synaptic Transmission in a Rhythmic Motor System
    Advances in Organ Biology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Eve Marder, Valerie L Kilman, Juan Carlos Jorge-rivera, James M Weimann
    Abstract:

    A large number of neuropeptides are present in modulatory inputs to the Stomatogastric Ganglion. Many of these same peptides are also released from neurosecretory structures into the hemolymph. Within the Stomatogastric Ganglion neuropeptides are found in some terminals that contain small classical transmitters and make synapses onto neurons of the Stomatogastric Ganglion. Neuropeptides are also found in neurohemal-like profiles within the neuropil of the Stomatogastric Ganglion. These peptides can act physiologically on target neurons within the Stomatogastric Ganglion to modulate their intrinsic electrical properties. Additionally, these peptides can strongly modify the strength of synaptic connections within the Stomatogastric nervous system, resulting in modulation of the motor patterns. Many of these peptides also modulate the efficacy of the synaptic connections from motor neurons to muscles and the strength of muscle contraction. Studies on peptidergic modulation of the neurons and the neuromuscular junctions of the Stomatogastric nervous system provide insight into a variety of mechanisms by which central pattern generating circuits are reconfigured and motor patterns transformed into movements.

Ronald M Harriswarrick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cellular localization of shab and shaw potassium channels in the lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion
    Neuroscience, 2004
    Co-Authors: L B French, C C Lanning, M Matly, Ronald M Harriswarrick
    Abstract:

    The motor pattern generated by the 14 neurons composing the pyloric circuit in the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus, is organized not only by the synaptic connections between neurons, but also by the characteristic intrinsic electrophysiological properties of the individual cells. These cellular properties result from the unique complement of ion channels that each cell expresses, and the distribution of those channels in the cell membranes. We have mapped the STG expression of shab and shaw, two genes in the Shaker superfamily of potassium channel genes that encode voltage-dependent, non-inactivating channels. Using antibodies developed against peptide sequences from the two channel proteins, we explored the localization and cell-specific expression of the channels. Anti-Shab and anti-Shaw antibodies both stain all the pyloric neurons in the somata, as well as their primary neurites and branch points of large neurites, but to varying degrees between cell types. Staining was weak and irregular (Shaw) or absent (Shab) in the fine neuropil of pyloric neurons, where most synaptic interactions occur. There is a high degree of variability in the staining intensity among neurons of a single cell class. This supports Golowasch et al.'s [J Neurosci 19 (1999) RC33; Neural Comput 11 (1999) 1079] hypothesis that individual cells can have similar firing properties with varying compositions of ionic currents. Both antibodies stain the axons of the peripheral nerves as they enter foregut muscles. We conclude that both Shab and Shaw channels are appropriately localized to contribute to the noninactivating potassium current in the Stomatogastric nervous system.

  • an er export signal accelerates the surface expression of shal potassium channels in pyloric neurons of the lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion
    Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology, 2004
    Co-Authors: Ying Zhang, Ronald M Harriswarrick
    Abstract:

    The shal gene encoding the transient potassium current, IA, plays important roles in shaping the firing properties of neurons in the pyloric network in the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus. However, when we overexpressed the shal protein in pyloric dilator (PD) neurons, the effect of increased IA was compensated by a parallel upregulation of the hyperpolarization activated inward current (Ih). In an attempt to temporally separate the overexpression of shal from the compensatory up-regulation of Ih channels, we inserted an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) export signal sequence, FCYENE, into the shal gene. This signal sequence accelerated the surface expression of shal protein in Xenopus oocytes and PD neurons. However, the accelerated expression of shal still did not alter the firing properties of the injected neuron, suggesting that the compensatory upregulation of Ih occurs simultaneously with the upregulation of IA.

  • dopamine modulation of calcium currents in pyloric neurons of the lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion
    Journal of Neurophysiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Bruce R Johnson, Peter Kloppenburg, Ronald M Harriswarrick
    Abstract:

    We examined the dopamine (DA) modulation of calcium currents (ICa) that could contribute to the plasticity of the pyloric network in the lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion. Pyloric somata were voltage...

  • kchip1 and frequenin modify shal evoked potassium currents in pyloric neurons in the lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion
    Journal of Neurophysiology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Ying Zhang, Jason N Maclean, W F An, C C Lanning, Ronald M Harriswarrick
    Abstract:

    The transient potassium current (I A) plays an important role in shaping the firing properties of pyloric neurons in the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster,Panulirus interruptus. Th...

  • the localization of two voltage gated calcium channels in the pyloric network of the lobster Stomatogastric Ganglion
    Neuroscience, 2002
    Co-Authors: L B French, C C Lanning, Ronald M Harriswarrick
    Abstract:

    Abstract Voltage-gated calcium channels are critical to all aspects of nervous system function, with differing roles within the neuronal somata, at synaptic terminals, and at the neuromuscular junction. We have developed antibodies against two voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel genes from the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus , which are homologous to the Drosophila Ca1A (a P/Q-type channel) and Ca1D (an L-type channel) genes. Using these antibodies, we have found that each channel shows unique patterns of localization within the Stomatogastric nervous system. Both antibodies stain somata of most of the neurons in the pyloric network to varying degrees. The high degree of variability in staining intensity within individual pyloric cell classes supports the hypothesis of Golowasch et al. (1999a,b) that individual cells can vary in their composition of ionic currents and still have similar firing properties. Anti-Ca1A stains structures in the neuropil, some of which are terminals of axons descending from higher ganglia; however, the majority of these are neither neurites nor blood vessels, but may instead be glial cells or other support elements. Anti-Ca1A labeling was also prominent in the peripheral axons of pyloric motoneurons as they enter muscles, indicating that this channel may be involved in regulation of synaptic transmission onto the foregut muscles. Anti-Ca1D does not label neurites in the neuropil of the Stomatogastric Ganglion. It stains glial cells in the Stomatogastric Ganglion in the region of their nuclei, presumably from protein being produced in the perinuclear rough endoplasmic reticulum, en route to the glial cell periphery. While anti-Ca1D labeling is seen in a patchy distribution along peripheral pyloric axons, it was never seen near the muscle. We conclude that the localization of these two calcium channels is tightly controlled within the Stomatogastric nervous system, but we cannot conclusively demonstrate that Ca1A and/or Ca1D channels play roles in synaptic integration within the Stomatogastric Ganglion.

Kenro Tazaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • glutamate acetylcholine and γ aminobutyric acid as transmitters in the pyloric system of the Stomatogastric Ganglion of a stomatopod squilla oratoria
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Kenro Tazaki, Chikafumi Chiba
    Abstract:

    The neurotransmitters mediating the synaptic interactions in the pyloric system of the Stomatogastric Ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria, were examined. Putative transmitters were applied iontophoretically to the pyloric cells. Glutamate and GABA produced inhibitory responses in all motoneurons but acetylcholine did not. These inhibitory responses were due to increases in conductance to either K+ or Cl− or both, and blocked by picrotoxin. The inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked by the constrictor and dilator neurons were different in their time courses, reversal potentials, ion selectivities, and picrotoxin sensitivities. Glutamate is a transmitter candidate for inhibitory synapses made among the pyloric cells as well as for their neuromuscular junctions. In some cells, glutamate and acetylcholine evoked excitatory responses which were blocked by joro spider toxin and by tubocurare, respectively. They mediated the extrinsic inputs to modulate the pyloric rhythm. The transmitter, glutamate, is conserved in the Ganglion neurons between stomatopods and decapods during evolution. Use of two transmitters, glutamate and acetylcholine, may have evolved in decapods, while the ionic mechanism is preserved in both orders. The neuromodulators, acetylcholine and γ-aminobutyric acid, are conserved between both orders. Glutamate may be used as the neuromodulator in stomatopods.

  • cellular properties and modulation of the Stomatogastric Ganglion neurons of a stomatopod squilla oratoria
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1993
    Co-Authors: Kenro Tazaki, Chikafumi Chiba
    Abstract:

    Cellular properties and modulation of the identified neurons of the posterior cardiac plate-pyloric system in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria, were studied electrophysiologically. Each class of neurons involved in the cyclic bursting activity was able to trigger an endogenous, slow depolarizing potential (termed a driver potential) which sustained bursting. Endogenous oscillatory properties were demonstrated by the phase reset behavior in response to brief stimuli during ongoing rhythm. The driver potential was produced by membrane voltage-dependent activation and terminated by an active repolarization. Striking enhancement of bursting properties of all the cell types was induced by synaptic activation via extrinsic nerves, seen as increases in amplitude or duration of driver potentials, spiking rate during a burst, and bursting rate. The motor pattern produced under the influence of extrinsic modulatory inputs continued for a long time, relative to that in the absence of activation of modulatory inputs. Voltage-dependent conductance mechanisms underlying postinhibitory rebound and driver potential responses were modified by inputs. It is concluded that endogenous cellular properties, as well as synaptic circuitry and extrinsic inputs, contribute to generation of the rhythmic motor pattern, and that a motor system and its component neurons have been highly conserved during evolution between stomatopods and decapods.

  • motor pattern generation of the posterior cardiac plate pyloric system in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of the mantis shrimp squilla oratoria
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1993
    Co-Authors: Kenro Tazaki
    Abstract:

    Activity patterns of the constituent neurons of the posterior cardiac plate-pyloric system in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of the mantis shrimp Squilla oratoria were studied by recording spontaneous burst discharges intracellularly from neuronal somata. These neurons were identified electrophysiologically, and synaptic connections among them were qualitatively analysed. The posterior cardiac plate constrictor, pyloric constrictor, pyloric dilator and ventricular dilator motoneurons, and the pyloric interneuron were involved in the posterior cardiac plate-pyloric system. All the cell types could produce slow burst-forming potentials which led to repetitive spike discharges. These neurons generated sequentially patterned outputs. Most commonly, the posterior cardiac plate neuron activity was followed by the activity of pyloric constrictor neurons, and then by the activity of pyloric dilator/pyloric interneuron, and ventricular dilator neurons. The motoneurons and interneuron in the posterior cardiac plate-pyloric system were connected to each other either by electrical or by inhibitory chemical synapses, and thus constructed the neural circuit characterized by a wiring diagram which was structurally similar to the pyloric circuit of decapods. The circuitry in the Stomatogastric Ganglion was strongly conserved during evolution between stomatopods and decapods, despite significant changes in the peripheral structure of the foregut. There were more electrical synapses in stomatopods, and more reciprocal inhibitory synapses in decapods.

  • glutamatergic motoneurons in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of the mantis shrimp squilla oratoria
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Chikafumi Chiba, Kenro Tazaki
    Abstract:

    1. Transmitters of motoneurons in the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) of Squilla were identified by analyzing the excitatory neuromuscular properties of muscles in the posterior cardiac plate (pcp) and pyloric regions. 2. Bath and iontophoretic applications of glutamate produce depolarizations in these muscles. The pharmacological experiments and desensitization of the junctional receptors elucidate the glutamatergic nature of the excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) evoked in the constrictor and dilator muscles. The reversal potentials for the excitatory junctional current (EJC) and for the glutamate-induced current are almost the same. 3. Some types of dilator muscle show sensitivity to both glutamate and acetylcholine (ACh) exogenously applied. The pharmacological evidence and desensitization of the junctional receptors indicate the glutamatergic nature of neuromuscular junctions in these dually sensitive muscles. The reversal potentials for the EJC and for the ACh-induced current are not identical. 4. Glutamate is a candidate as an excitatory neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junctions which the STG motoneurons named PCP, PY, PD, LA and VC make with the identified muscles. Kainic and quisqualic acids which act on glutamate receptors are potent excitants of these muscles. Extrajunctional receptors to ACh are present in two types of the muscle innervated by LA and VC. 5. Neurotransmitters used by the STG motoneurons of stomatopods are compared to those of decapods.

Chikafumi Chiba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • glutamate acetylcholine and γ aminobutyric acid as transmitters in the pyloric system of the Stomatogastric Ganglion of a stomatopod squilla oratoria
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Kenro Tazaki, Chikafumi Chiba
    Abstract:

    The neurotransmitters mediating the synaptic interactions in the pyloric system of the Stomatogastric Ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria, were examined. Putative transmitters were applied iontophoretically to the pyloric cells. Glutamate and GABA produced inhibitory responses in all motoneurons but acetylcholine did not. These inhibitory responses were due to increases in conductance to either K+ or Cl− or both, and blocked by picrotoxin. The inhibitory postsynaptic potentials evoked by the constrictor and dilator neurons were different in their time courses, reversal potentials, ion selectivities, and picrotoxin sensitivities. Glutamate is a transmitter candidate for inhibitory synapses made among the pyloric cells as well as for their neuromuscular junctions. In some cells, glutamate and acetylcholine evoked excitatory responses which were blocked by joro spider toxin and by tubocurare, respectively. They mediated the extrinsic inputs to modulate the pyloric rhythm. The transmitter, glutamate, is conserved in the Ganglion neurons between stomatopods and decapods during evolution. Use of two transmitters, glutamate and acetylcholine, may have evolved in decapods, while the ionic mechanism is preserved in both orders. The neuromodulators, acetylcholine and γ-aminobutyric acid, are conserved between both orders. Glutamate may be used as the neuromodulator in stomatopods.

  • cellular properties and modulation of the Stomatogastric Ganglion neurons of a stomatopod squilla oratoria
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1993
    Co-Authors: Kenro Tazaki, Chikafumi Chiba
    Abstract:

    Cellular properties and modulation of the identified neurons of the posterior cardiac plate-pyloric system in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of a stomatopod, Squilla oratoria, were studied electrophysiologically. Each class of neurons involved in the cyclic bursting activity was able to trigger an endogenous, slow depolarizing potential (termed a driver potential) which sustained bursting. Endogenous oscillatory properties were demonstrated by the phase reset behavior in response to brief stimuli during ongoing rhythm. The driver potential was produced by membrane voltage-dependent activation and terminated by an active repolarization. Striking enhancement of bursting properties of all the cell types was induced by synaptic activation via extrinsic nerves, seen as increases in amplitude or duration of driver potentials, spiking rate during a burst, and bursting rate. The motor pattern produced under the influence of extrinsic modulatory inputs continued for a long time, relative to that in the absence of activation of modulatory inputs. Voltage-dependent conductance mechanisms underlying postinhibitory rebound and driver potential responses were modified by inputs. It is concluded that endogenous cellular properties, as well as synaptic circuitry and extrinsic inputs, contribute to generation of the rhythmic motor pattern, and that a motor system and its component neurons have been highly conserved during evolution between stomatopods and decapods.

  • glutamatergic motoneurons in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of the mantis shrimp squilla oratoria
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Chikafumi Chiba, Kenro Tazaki
    Abstract:

    1. Transmitters of motoneurons in the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) of Squilla were identified by analyzing the excitatory neuromuscular properties of muscles in the posterior cardiac plate (pcp) and pyloric regions. 2. Bath and iontophoretic applications of glutamate produce depolarizations in these muscles. The pharmacological experiments and desensitization of the junctional receptors elucidate the glutamatergic nature of the excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) evoked in the constrictor and dilator muscles. The reversal potentials for the excitatory junctional current (EJC) and for the glutamate-induced current are almost the same. 3. Some types of dilator muscle show sensitivity to both glutamate and acetylcholine (ACh) exogenously applied. The pharmacological evidence and desensitization of the junctional receptors indicate the glutamatergic nature of neuromuscular junctions in these dually sensitive muscles. The reversal potentials for the EJC and for the ACh-induced current are not identical. 4. Glutamate is a candidate as an excitatory neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junctions which the STG motoneurons named PCP, PY, PD, LA and VC make with the identified muscles. Kainic and quisqualic acids which act on glutamate receptors are potent excitants of these muscles. Extrajunctional receptors to ACh are present in two types of the muscle innervated by LA and VC. 5. Neurotransmitters used by the STG motoneurons of stomatopods are compared to those of decapods.

Allen I Selverston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The transient potassium outward current has different roles in modulating the pyloric and gastric mill rhythms in the Stomatogastric Ganglion
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 2017
    Co-Authors: Allen I Selverston, Joseph Ayers
    Abstract:

    The crustacean Stomatogastric nervous system is a classic model for understanding the effects of modulating ionic currents and synapses at both the cell and network levels. The Stomatogastric Ganglion in this system contains two distinct central pattern generators: a slow gastric mill network that generates flexible rhythmic outputs (8–20 s) and is often silent, and a fast pyloric network that generates more consistent rhythmic outputs (0.5–2 s) and is always active in vitro. Different ionic conductances contribute to the properties of individual neurons and therefore to the overall dynamics of the pyloric and gastric mill networks. However, the contributions of ionic currents to different dynamics between the pyloric and gastric mill networks are not well understood. The goal of this study is to evaluate how changes in outward potassium current ( I _A) in the Stomatogastric Ganglion affect the dynamics of the pyloric and gastric mill rhythms by interfering with normal I _A activity. We bath-applied the specific I _A blocker 4-aminopyridine to reduce I _A’s effect in the Stomatogastric Ganglion in vitro and evaluated quantitatively the changes in both rhythms. We found that blocking I _A in the Stomatogastric Ganglion alters the synchronization between pyloric neurons, and consistently activates the gastric mill rhythm in quiescent preparations.

  • the Stomatogastric Ganglion
    2016
    Co-Authors: Allen I Selverston
    Abstract:

    The crustacean Stomatogastric Ganglion has been a mainstay of microcircuit research for over 50 years. This update presents some of the most important recent contributions to that research. The new data includes visualization techniques that combined with computer algorithms have enabled quantitative measurements of morphological variability. New techniques combining physiology, molecular biology and computer modeling have also generated new data including the entire STG transcriptome and evidence supporting the role degeneracy plays in the operation of the system.

  • Stomatogastric Ganglion models
    Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, 2009
    Co-Authors: Allen I Selverston, M I Rabinovich
    Abstract:

    The two central pattern generators (CPGs) in the 30-cell crustacean Stomatogastric Ganglion are the best-described neural circuits known in terms of cell identity and synaptic topology. Each CPG produces a distinct spatiotemporal rhythmic motor pattern that controls striated stomach muscles. Modeling is essential to help understand the basis for the rhythmogenesis and the formation of the pattern. Modeling can also help explain the structural stability of each pattern as well as it’s robustness and flexibility. In this article, models of single cells and reduced networks of Stomatogastric neurons are discussed.

  • Mechanisms underlying type I mGluR-induced activation of lobster gastric mill neurons.
    Journal of Neurophysiology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Rafael Levi, Allen I Selverston
    Abstract:

    In addition to ionotropic effects, glutamate and acetylcholine have metabotropic modulatory effects on many neurons. Here we show that in the Stomatogastric Ganglion of the lobster, glutamate, one ...

  • group i ii and iii mglur compounds affect rhythm generation in the gastric circuit of the crustacean Stomatogastric Ganglion
    Journal of Neurophysiology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Wulf D Krenz, Don Nguyen, Nivia L Perezacevedo, Allen I Selverston
    Abstract:

    We have studied the effects of group I, II, and III metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonists on rhythm generation by the gastric circuit of the Stomatogastric Ganglion (STG) of the Caribbea...