The Experts below are selected from a list of 228 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
C P Swarnkar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Epidemiology of gastrointestinal helminths in stationary and migratory sheep flocks in arid Rajasthan
Journal of Veterinary parasitology, 2020Co-Authors: C P Swarnkar, D. SinghAbstract:To study the epidemiology of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, 3872 faecal samples from 14 flocks (10 stationary and 4 migratory) of arid Rajasthan were evaluated at monthly interval. The monthly incidence of Strongyle Infection ranged from 35.2% (March) to 82.3% (July) in migratory and remained almost similar to stationary flocks during monsoon (July to October). The incidence of other GI nematodes was low in both the rearing systems. The monthly intensity of Strongyle Infection ranged significantly (p 1000 epg during September-October compared to stationary flocks. Generic composition of Strongyle larvae exhibited predominance of Haemonchus contortus followed by Oesophagostomum spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. The incidence was higher in migratory flocks from October to March i.e. during migration and this could be attributed to travelling stress and en route exposure of flocks to contaminated pastures in semi-arid/irrigated area. During February-March the major source of grazing was post harvested fields in migratory route and this resulted in further decrease in FECs possibly as a consequence of absence of Infection in post-harvested crop residues and occurrence of hypobiosis phenomenon. Unfavourable climatic conditions, possible onset of hypobiosis, failure of larval translation on pasture, denudation of grass cover/mat in grazing area, practices of grazing in harvested field or on top feeds resulted in significant decline in FEC from November onwards without any anthelmintic intervention. The flock performance remained almost similar in both the system of flock management. Thus, worm management programme based on interaction between epidemiology, weather and management of flocks resulted into reduction in drench frequency, reduced selection pressure in parasite population, extend life of existing anthelmintics and reduced the unwanted expenditure incurred by farmer on anthelmintic use.
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Influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection and performance in sheep selected for resistance/resilience to Infection
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: C P Swarnkar, D Singh, Ashish Chopra, L L L PrinceAbstract:An analysis was made to observe the influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection (predominantly Haemonchus contortus) and performance in sheep (Malpura and Avikalin breed) selected for improving the genetic resistance / resilience to Infection. All the data pertaining to faecal egg counts, body weights, greasy fleece yield and disposal rate were classified according to age as up to 1 yr, 1–2 yr, 2–3 yr, 3–4 yr, 4–5 yr and > 5 yr. The monthly intensity of Strongyle Infection showed similar influence of advancement in age of animal in both the resistant and susceptible lines of both the breeds. Intensity of Strongyle Infection was significantly higher in animals of S-line across all the age groups. Within line, animals up to 1 yr of age had significantly higher faecal egg counts, particularly during wormy season. Monthly intensity of Infection showed marginal rise in R-line animals in older animals (>1 yr of age), and in animals >5 yr of age compared to those between 1–5 yr during wormy season. Within line, younger animals (up to 1 yr of age) had significantly higher average daily gain in body weight (21.45 g in S-line to 25.82 g in R-line of Malpura; 29.09 g in R-line to 29.45 g in S-line of Avikalin) compared to other age groups. In adult animals (> 1 yr of age) during summer (April to June), body weights were usually either maintained (in S-line) or reduced marginally (in R-line) without much appreciable difference. In monsoon season there was evident rise in magnitude of daily weight gain up to 2–3 yr of age in both the lines. There was nonsignificant variation in annual greasy fleece yield among both the divergent lines across all the age groups. The disposal profile revealed that maintenance of animals in resistant line without anthelmintic intervention had similar pattern of disposal as in animals of susceptible line maintained with anthelmintic intervention. The present study demonstrated that the animals selected for resistant line not only restricted the use of anthelmintics but also led to low contamination of pasture due to low mean FECs compared to their counterparts in susceptible line, which required one strategic drench every year and contributed more eggs on pasture in grazing area. Animals of resistant line served as valuable resource for refugia and maintenance of anthelmintic efficacy. The acquired resistance to Strongyle Infection in sheep was unaffected by advancement of age of animal.
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Comparative physiological responses of stress in sheep selected for resistance or susceptibility to Haemonchus contortus in semi-arid tropical region during different seasons
Biological Rhythm Research, 2016Co-Authors: Kalyan De, C P Swarnkar, D. Singh, L L L PrinceAbstract:AbstractThe present study was conducted to assess the comparative physiological responses of stress in sheep selected for resistance or susceptibility to Haemonchus contortus in the semi-arid region during different seasons. A total of 20 adult Malpura sheep from resistant and susceptibility line were selected for study. The intensity of Strongyle Infection, blood biochemical and cortisol levels were estimated monthly basis while meteorological data were collected everyday throughout the year. The temperature-humidity index was the highest during dry-hot season. The faecal egg count increased significantly (p
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influence of sheep breeds on the susceptibility to Strongyle Infection in rajasthan
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: D Singh, C P SwarnkarAbstract:A study was conducted to observe the influence of sheep breeds on the susceptibility to natural Strongyle Infection in Rajasthan. Faecal samples (39,896) from native, crossbred and exotic sheep managed under farm condition in both arid and semi-arid agro-climate of Rajasthan were evaluated for incidence and intensity of Strongyle Infection (predominated by Haemonchus contortus). In semi-arid region, parasitological profile showed relatively the lowest susceptibility of Garole and its crosses followed by Malpura, Chokla, Kheri and the highest susceptibility in crossbreds. Like-wise in arid region, the lowest susceptibility was expressed by Nali sheep followed by Marwari, Chokla, crossbreds and the highest susceptibility by exotic sheep. During wormy season, at Arid Region Campus, Bikaner, Marwari sheep possessed greater resistance compared to Magra sheep. It was also observed that similar genotype of sheep vary in susceptibility according to agroclimatic conditions and resultant pasture infectivity. The over-dispersion phenomenon in faecal egg counts suggested that inter-individual variation in susceptibility to natural Infection was of more importance than interbreed differences. Further the study suggested that for selection for resistance to GIN Infection in Indian sheep under natural condition might be possible.
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influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection and performance in sheep selected for resistance resilience to Infection
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: C P Swarnkar, D V Singh, Ashish Chopra, L L L PrinceAbstract:An analysis was made to observe the influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection (predominantly Haemonchus contortus) and performance in sheep (Malpura and Avikalin breed) selected for improving the genetic resistance / resilience to Infection. All the data pertaining to faecal egg counts, body weights, greasy fleece yield and disposal rate were classified according to age as up to 1 yr, 1–2 yr, 2–3 yr, 3–4 yr, 4–5 yr and > 5 yr. The monthly intensity of Strongyle Infection showed similar influence of advancement in age of animal in both the resistant and susceptible lines of both the breeds. Intensity of Strongyle Infection was significantly higher in animals of S-line across all the age groups. Within line, animals up to 1 yr of age had significantly higher faecal egg counts, particularly during wormy season. Monthly intensity of Infection showed marginal rise in R-line animals in older animals (>1 yr of age), and in animals >5 yr of age compared to those between 1–5 yr during wormy season. Within line, younger animals (up to 1 yr of age) had significantly higher average daily gain in body weight (21.45 g in S-line to 25.82 g in R-line of Malpura; 29.09 g in R-line to 29.45 g in S-line of Avikalin) compared to other age groups. In adult animals (> 1 yr of age) during summer (April to June), body weights were usually either maintained (in S-line) or reduced marginally (in R-line) without much appreciable difference. In monsoon season there was evident rise in magnitude of daily weight gain up to 2–3 yr of age in both the lines. There was nonsignificant variation in annual greasy fleece yield among both the divergent lines across all the age groups. The disposal profile revealed that maintenance of animals in resistant line without anthelmintic intervention had similar pattern of disposal as in animals of susceptible line maintained with anthelmintic intervention. The present study demonstrated that the animals selected for resistant line not only restricted the use of anthelmintics but also led to low contamination of pasture due to low mean FECs compared to their counterparts in susceptible line, which required one strategic drench every year and contributed more eggs on pasture in grazing area. Animals of resistant line served as valuable resource for refugia and maintenance of anthelmintic efficacy. The acquired resistance to Strongyle Infection in sheep was unaffected by advancement of age of animal.
Bariisoo Mangassa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prevalence of Strongyle Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Horses and Donkeys In and Around Batu Town, Eastshoa, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Food Science and Quality Management, 2020Co-Authors: Bariisoo MangassaAbstract:A Cross sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016 in and around Batu town to estimate the prevalence of Strongyle Infection and assess associated risk factors in the study area in donkeys and horses. A total of 384 animals were randomly selected from four different peasant associations in the study area and examined during the study period. Coprological examination for the detection of Strongyle eggs was performed using floatation technique. The overall prevalence of Strongyle parasites was 46.1% (177 from 384) with 44.5% in donkeys and 48.2% in horses. The study has also showed variation in prevalence of Strongyle parasites among different body condition scores and between dewormed and non dewormed, higher prevalence was recorded in poor body condition (59.26%) and Non-dewormed (57.77%) respectively. In relation to selected Peasant association the prevalence were found 41.14%, 60.94%, 42.19% and 50% for Batu town, Bochessa, kontola and Germama respectively. The risk factors, peasant association, Age, Body condition, Feed, and Deworming Status were significantly associated with the occurrence of Strongyle parasites (p
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prevalence of Strongyle Infection and associated risk factors in horses and donkeys in and around batu town eastshoa oromia regional state ethiopia
Food Science and Quality Management, 2016Co-Authors: Bariisoo MangassaAbstract:A Cross sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016 in and around Batu town to estimate the prevalence of Strongyle Infection and assess associated risk factors in the study area in donkeys and horses. A total of 384 animals were randomly selected from four different peasant associations in the study area and examined during the study period. Coprological examination for the detection of Strongyle eggs was performed using floatation technique. The overall prevalence of Strongyle parasites was 46.1% (177 from 384) with 44.5% in donkeys and 48.2% in horses. The study has also showed variation in prevalence of Strongyle parasites among different body condition scores and between dewormed and non dewormed, higher prevalence was recorded in poor body condition (59.26%) and Non-dewormed (57.77%) respectively. In relation to selected Peasant association the prevalence were found 41.14%, 60.94%, 42.19% and 50% for Batu town, Bochessa, kontola and Germama respectively. The risk factors, peasant association, Age, Body condition, Feed, and Deworming Status were significantly associated with the occurrence of Strongyle parasites (p<0.05). In conclusion the current study revealed that stronglosis was found to be the major problem in the study area; hence Strategic deworming and minimizing overworking and extensive open grazing should be implemented to reduce pasture contamination. Keywords : Donkeys, Horses, Strongylosis, prevalence, risk factor, Batu.
L L L Prince - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection and performance in sheep selected for resistance/resilience to Infection
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: C P Swarnkar, D Singh, Ashish Chopra, L L L PrinceAbstract:An analysis was made to observe the influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection (predominantly Haemonchus contortus) and performance in sheep (Malpura and Avikalin breed) selected for improving the genetic resistance / resilience to Infection. All the data pertaining to faecal egg counts, body weights, greasy fleece yield and disposal rate were classified according to age as up to 1 yr, 1–2 yr, 2–3 yr, 3–4 yr, 4–5 yr and > 5 yr. The monthly intensity of Strongyle Infection showed similar influence of advancement in age of animal in both the resistant and susceptible lines of both the breeds. Intensity of Strongyle Infection was significantly higher in animals of S-line across all the age groups. Within line, animals up to 1 yr of age had significantly higher faecal egg counts, particularly during wormy season. Monthly intensity of Infection showed marginal rise in R-line animals in older animals (>1 yr of age), and in animals >5 yr of age compared to those between 1–5 yr during wormy season. Within line, younger animals (up to 1 yr of age) had significantly higher average daily gain in body weight (21.45 g in S-line to 25.82 g in R-line of Malpura; 29.09 g in R-line to 29.45 g in S-line of Avikalin) compared to other age groups. In adult animals (> 1 yr of age) during summer (April to June), body weights were usually either maintained (in S-line) or reduced marginally (in R-line) without much appreciable difference. In monsoon season there was evident rise in magnitude of daily weight gain up to 2–3 yr of age in both the lines. There was nonsignificant variation in annual greasy fleece yield among both the divergent lines across all the age groups. The disposal profile revealed that maintenance of animals in resistant line without anthelmintic intervention had similar pattern of disposal as in animals of susceptible line maintained with anthelmintic intervention. The present study demonstrated that the animals selected for resistant line not only restricted the use of anthelmintics but also led to low contamination of pasture due to low mean FECs compared to their counterparts in susceptible line, which required one strategic drench every year and contributed more eggs on pasture in grazing area. Animals of resistant line served as valuable resource for refugia and maintenance of anthelmintic efficacy. The acquired resistance to Strongyle Infection in sheep was unaffected by advancement of age of animal.
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Comparative physiological responses of stress in sheep selected for resistance or susceptibility to Haemonchus contortus in semi-arid tropical region during different seasons
Biological Rhythm Research, 2016Co-Authors: Kalyan De, C P Swarnkar, D. Singh, L L L PrinceAbstract:AbstractThe present study was conducted to assess the comparative physiological responses of stress in sheep selected for resistance or susceptibility to Haemonchus contortus in the semi-arid region during different seasons. A total of 20 adult Malpura sheep from resistant and susceptibility line were selected for study. The intensity of Strongyle Infection, blood biochemical and cortisol levels were estimated monthly basis while meteorological data were collected everyday throughout the year. The temperature-humidity index was the highest during dry-hot season. The faecal egg count increased significantly (p
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influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection and performance in sheep selected for resistance resilience to Infection
Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: C P Swarnkar, D V Singh, Ashish Chopra, L L L PrinceAbstract:An analysis was made to observe the influence of advancement of age on intensity of Strongyle Infection (predominantly Haemonchus contortus) and performance in sheep (Malpura and Avikalin breed) selected for improving the genetic resistance / resilience to Infection. All the data pertaining to faecal egg counts, body weights, greasy fleece yield and disposal rate were classified according to age as up to 1 yr, 1–2 yr, 2–3 yr, 3–4 yr, 4–5 yr and > 5 yr. The monthly intensity of Strongyle Infection showed similar influence of advancement in age of animal in both the resistant and susceptible lines of both the breeds. Intensity of Strongyle Infection was significantly higher in animals of S-line across all the age groups. Within line, animals up to 1 yr of age had significantly higher faecal egg counts, particularly during wormy season. Monthly intensity of Infection showed marginal rise in R-line animals in older animals (>1 yr of age), and in animals >5 yr of age compared to those between 1–5 yr during wormy season. Within line, younger animals (up to 1 yr of age) had significantly higher average daily gain in body weight (21.45 g in S-line to 25.82 g in R-line of Malpura; 29.09 g in R-line to 29.45 g in S-line of Avikalin) compared to other age groups. In adult animals (> 1 yr of age) during summer (April to June), body weights were usually either maintained (in S-line) or reduced marginally (in R-line) without much appreciable difference. In monsoon season there was evident rise in magnitude of daily weight gain up to 2–3 yr of age in both the lines. There was nonsignificant variation in annual greasy fleece yield among both the divergent lines across all the age groups. The disposal profile revealed that maintenance of animals in resistant line without anthelmintic intervention had similar pattern of disposal as in animals of susceptible line maintained with anthelmintic intervention. The present study demonstrated that the animals selected for resistant line not only restricted the use of anthelmintics but also led to low contamination of pasture due to low mean FECs compared to their counterparts in susceptible line, which required one strategic drench every year and contributed more eggs on pasture in grazing area. Animals of resistant line served as valuable resource for refugia and maintenance of anthelmintic efficacy. The acquired resistance to Strongyle Infection in sheep was unaffected by advancement of age of animal.
R Sanchezandrade - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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implementation of biological control to the integrated control of Strongyle Infection among wild captive equids in a zoological park
BioMed Research International, 2018Co-Authors: A M Palomero, R Sanchezandrade, A Pazsilva, J A Hernandez, C F Cazapalmonteiro, Fabian Leonardo Arroyo Balan, M I Silva, Maria Sol Arias VazquezAbstract:The integrated control of Strongyles was assayed for a period of three years in wild equids (zebras, European donkeys, and African wild asses) captive in a zoo and infected by Strongyles. During three years control of parasites consisted of deworming with ivermectin + praziquantel; equids also received every two days commercial nutritional pellets containing a blend of 104 - 105 spores of the fungi Mucor circinelloides + Duddingtonia flagrans per kg meal. Coprological analyses were done monthly to establish the counts of eggs of Strongyles per gram of feces (EPG). The reductions in the fecal egg counts (FECR) and in the positive horses (PHR) were calculated fifteen days after deworming; the egg reappearance period (ERP) and the time elapsed from the previous deworming (TPD) were also recorded. Four anthelmintic treatments were administered during the assay, three times throughout the first 2 yrs, and another treatment during the last one. FECR values of 96-100% and 75-100% for the PHR were recorded. The ERP oscillated between eight and twenty-eight weeks, and the TPD ranged from four to eighteen months, increasing to the end of the trial. No side effects were observed in any of the equids. It is concluded that integrated control of Strongyles among equids captive in a zoo can be developed by anthelmintic deworming together with the administration of pellets manufactured with spores of parasiticide fungi every two days.
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a combined effort to avoid Strongyle Infection in horses in an oceanic climate region rotational grazing and parasiticidal fungi
Parasites & Vectors, 2018Co-Authors: Jose Angel Hernandez, R Sanchezandrade, C Cazapalmonteiro, Fabian Leonardo Arroyo, J Sanchis, A Pazsilva, M AriasAbstract:An approach to preventing Strongyle Infection in horses was tested, comprising rotational pasturing and the administration of spores of two parasiticidal fungi, Mucor circinelloides and Duddingtonia flagrans. Twenty-two adult Spanish Sport Horses were dewormed with ivermectin (1 mg pour-on/kg body weight) and then randomly divided into three groups. G-1 was maintained with continuous grazing, and G-2 and G-3 were kept on a four-paddock rotation system. Commercial pelleted feed (2.5 kg/horse) was supplied to G-1 and G-2 twice a week; horses in G-3 received pellets containing 2 × 106 spores/kg of each fungus. Fecal samples were analyzed by the flotation method to estimate the reduction in the fecal egg counts (FECR), the percentage of horses shedding eggs (PHR), and the egg reappearance period (ERP). Third-stage larvae were identified in fecal pats as Cyathostomum (sensu lato) types A, C and D, Gyalocephalus capitatus, Triodontophorus serratus, Poteriosthomum spp., Strongylus vulgaris and S. edentatus. Two weeks after treatment, the FECR values were 100% in G-1, 96% in G-2 and 99% in G-3; the PHR values were 100% in G-1, 75% in G-2 and 88% in G-3. A Strongyle ERP of 6 weeks was observed in G-1, ERP of 10 weeks was observed in G-2, and ERP of 16 weeks was observed in G-3. The counts of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were > 300 EPG in G-1 and G-2 but remained below 250 EPG in G-3 throughout the observation period of 12 months. These results suggest that horse Strongyle Infection could be decreased by combining rotational pasturing with feeding pellets containing the spores of parasiticidal fungi.
S. W. J. Reid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A survey of seasonal patterns in Strongyle faecal worm egg counts of working equids of the central midlands and lowlands, Ethiopia
Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2008Co-Authors: M. Getachew, G. Feseha, A. Trawford, S. W. J. ReidAbstract:A study was conducted for two consecutive years (1998–1999) to determine the seasonal patterns of Strongyle Infection in working donkeys of Ethiopia. For the purpose 2385 donkeys from midland and lowland areas were examined for the presence of parasitic ova. A hundred percent prevalence of Strongyle Infection with similar seasonal pattern of Strongyle faecal worm egg output was obtained in all study areas. However, seasonal variations in the number of Strongyle faecal worm egg output were observed in all areas. The highest mean faecal worm egg outputs were recorded during the main rainy season (June to October) in both years in all areas. Although an increase in the mean Strongyle faecal egg output was obtained in the short rainy season (March–April) followed by a drop in the short dry season (May), there was no statistically significant difference between the short rainy season and long dry season (Nov–Feb) (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference however, was obtained between the main rainy season and short rainy season, and between the main rainy season and dry season (P
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A survey of seasonal patterns in Strongyle faecal worm egg counts of working equids of the central midlands and lowlands, Ethiopia
Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2008Co-Authors: M. Getachew, G. Feseha, A. Trawford, S. W. J. ReidAbstract:A study was conducted for two consecutive years (1998–1999) to determine the seasonal patterns of Strongyle Infection in working donkeys of Ethiopia. For the purpose 2385 donkeys from midland and lowland areas were examined for the presence of parasitic ova. A hundred percent prevalence of Strongyle Infection with similar seasonal pattern of Strongyle faecal worm egg output was obtained in all study areas. However, seasonal variations in the number of Strongyle faecal worm egg output were observed in all areas. The highest mean faecal worm egg outputs were recorded during the main rainy season (June to October) in both years in all areas. Although an increase in the mean Strongyle faecal egg output was obtained in the short rainy season (March–April) followed by a drop in the short dry season (May), there was no statistically significant difference between the short rainy season and long dry season (Nov–Feb) (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference however, was obtained between the main rainy season and short rainy season, and between the main rainy season and dry season (P < 0.05). Based on the results obtained it is suggested that the most economical and effective control of Strongyles can be achieved by strategic deworming programme during the hot dry pre-main rainy season (May), when the herbage coverage is scarce and helminthologically ‘sterile’, and the arrested development of the parasites is suppose to be terminating. This could insure the greatest proportion of the existing worm population to be exposed to anthelmintic and also reduces pasture contamination and further Infection in the subsequent wet season.
