Substantiation

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Th Lundqvist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Karin Hogdahl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Efsa Panel On Dietetic Products - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • scientific opinion on the Substantiation of a health claim related to a combination of tuscan black cabbage tri coloured swiss chard bi coloured spinach and blu savoy cabbage and maintenance of normal blood ldl cholesterol concentration pursuant to a
    EFSA Journal, 2013
    Co-Authors: Efsa Panel On Dietetic Products
    Abstract:

    Following an application from Italsur s.r.l., submitted pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of Italy, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific Substantiation of a health claim related to a combination of Tuscan black cabbage, “tri-coloured” Swiss chard, “bi-coloured” spinach and “blu savoy” cabbage and maintenance of normal blood cholesterol concentration. The food that is the subject of the health claim, a combination of Tuscan black cabbage (Brassica Oleracea botrytis L.), “tri-coloured” Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris cicla L.), “bi-coloured” spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and “blu savoy” cabbage (Brassica oleracea convar. capitata var. sabauda L.), is sufficiently characterised. The claimed effect, maintenance of normal blood LDL-cholesterol concentration, is a beneficial physiological effect. No human intervention studies from which conclusions could be drawn for the scientific Substantiation of the claim were provided by the applicant. The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between consumption of a combination of Tuscan black cabbage, “tri-coloured” Swiss chard, “bi-coloured” spinach and “blu savoy” cabbage and maintenance of normal blood LDL-cholesterol concentration.

  • scientific opinion on the Substantiation of a health claim related to a combination of tuscan black cabbage tri coloured swiss chard bi coloured spinach and blu savoy cabbage and protection of blood lipids from oxidative damage pursuant to article 13
    EFSA Journal, 2013
    Co-Authors: Efsa Panel On Dietetic Products
    Abstract:

    Following an application from Italsur s.r.l., submitted pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of Italy, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific Substantiation of a health claim related to a combination of Tuscan black cabbage, “tri-coloured” Swiss chard, “bi-coloured” spinach and “blu savoy” cabbage and protection of blood lipids from oxidative damage. The food that is the subject of the health claim, a combination of Tuscan black cabbage (Brassica Oleracea botrytis L.), “tri-coloured” Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris cicla L.), “bi-coloured” spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and “blu savoy” cabbage (Brassica oleracea convar. capitata var. sabauda L.), is sufficiently characterised. The claimed effect, protection of blood lipids from oxidative damage, may be a beneficial physiological effect. No human intervention studies from which conclusions could be drawn for the scientific Substantiation of the claim were provided by the applicant. The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between consumption of a combination of Tuscan black cabbage, “tri-coloured” Swiss chard, “bi-coloured” spinach and “blu savoy” cabbage and protection of blood lipids from oxidative damage.

  • scientific opinion on the Substantiation of a health claim related to lactobacillus rhamnosus gg and maintenance of defence against pathogenic gastrointestinal microorganisms pursuant to article 13 5 of regulation ec no 1924 2006
    EFSA Journal, 2011
    Co-Authors: Efsa Panel On Dietetic Products
    Abstract:

    Following an application from Valio Ltd., submitted pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of Finland, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific Substantiation of a health claim related to Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and maintenance of defence against pathogenic gastrointestinal (GI) microorganisms. LGG is sufficiently characterised. The Panel considers that the health claim refers to the defence against GI pathogens in the general population without GI infections and does not include the treatment of GI infections. Maintenance of defence against pathogenic GI microorganisms is a beneficial physiological effect. Only one out of five human intervention studies showed an effect of LGG consumption on the development of GI infections, two human intervention studies did not show an effect of LGG consumption on the stimulation of protective immune responses after oral (viral) vaccination and, in the absence of evidence for an effect of LGG consumption on the development of GI infections in the general population, studies on the treatment of GI infections, on diarrhoea during antibiotic use, or mechanistic studies, cannot be used as a source of data for the scientific Substantiation of the health claim. The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of LGG and maintenance of defence against pathogenic gastrointestinal microorganisms.

Kathryn Maguirejack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • child protective services decision making the role of children s race and county factors
    American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 2020
    Co-Authors: Kathryn Maguirejack, Sarah Anne Font, Rebecca Dillard
    Abstract:

    The current study investigates the role of race and county characteristics in Substantiation and out-of-home placement decisions in the United States. Using multilevel models, we analyzed data from counties in the United States available through the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data Systems and Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System to investigate the interactions between children's race and the context in which they live. Our sample consisted exclusively of children whose cases had been investigated; therefore, we were able to focus on the role played by race and county characteristics in Substantiation and out-of-home placement decisions made by Child Protective Services, net of the heightened risk factors (or potential biases) that lead to disparate rates of reporting. Adjusting for state and county of investigation, Black, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and multiracial children were more likely than White (non-Hispanic) children to be substantiated or placed out of home, whereas Asian children were less likely to be substantiated or placed out of home. Notably, differences across groups are far smaller in magnitude when demographic and geographic differences are taken into account. Higher county-level poverty, percentages of Black residents, and juvenile arrest rates were associated with lower odds of Substantiation and out-of-home placement among investigated children, whereas an elevated percentage of single-headed households was associated with higher odds of both outcomes. We also found that living in a rural county was associated with greater odds of Substantiation but lower odds of out-of-home placement. Important differences by race were found for these associations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

  • reprint of decision making in child protective services influences at multiple levels of the social ecology
    Child Abuse & Neglect, 2015
    Co-Authors: Sarah Anne Font, Kathryn Maguirejack
    Abstract:

    Decision-making in the child protection system is influenced by multiple factors; agency and geographic contexts, caseworker attributes, and families' unique circumstances all likely play a role. In this study, we use the second cohort of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being to explore how these factors are associated with two key case decisions-Substantiation and removal to out-of-home care. Analyses are conducted using weighted hierarchical linear models. We find that Substantiation is strongly influenced by agency factors, particularly constraints on service accessibility. Substantiation is less likely when agencies can provide services to unsubstantiated cases and when collaboration with other social institutions is high. This supports the concept that Substantiation may be a gateway to services in some communities. Agency factors contributed less to the probability of removal among substantiated cases, though time resources and constraints on decision-making had some influence. For both Substantiation and removal risks, county, caseworker, and child characteristics were less influential than agency characteristics and family risk factors.

  • decision making in child protective services influences at multiple levels of the social ecology
    Child Abuse & Neglect, 2015
    Co-Authors: Sarah Anne Font, Kathryn Maguirejack
    Abstract:

    Decision-making in the child protection system is influenced by multiple factors; agency and geographic contexts, caseworker attributes, and families' unique circumstances all likely play a role. In this study, we use the second cohort of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being to explore how these factors are associated with two key case decisions-Substantiation and removal to out-of-home care. Analyses are conducted using weighted hierarchical linear models. We find that Substantiation is strongly influenced by agency factors, particularly constraints on service accessibility. Substantiation is less likely when agencies can provide services to unsubstantiated cases and when collaboration with other social institutions is high. This supports the concept that Substantiation may be a gateway to services in some communities. Agency factors contributed less to the probability of removal among substantiated cases, though time resources and constraints on decision-making had some influence. For both Substantiation and removal risks, county, caseworker, and child characteristics were less influential than agency characteristics and family risk factors.

Kendon J Conrad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • development of short form measures to assess four types of elder mistreatment findings from an evidence based study of aps elder abuse Substantiation decisions
    Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect, 2017
    Co-Authors: Scott R Beach, Marguerite Deliema, Madelyn Iris, Melissa J K Howe, Kendon J Conrad
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTImproving the standardization and efficiency of adult protective services (APS) investigations is a top priority in APS practice. Using data from the Elder Abuse Decision Support System (EADSS), we developed short-form measures of four types of elder abuse: financial, emotional/psychological, physical, and neglect. The EADSS data set contains 948 elder abuse cases (age 60+) with yes/no abuse Substantiation decisions for each abuse type following a 30-day investigation. Item sensitivity/specificity analyses were conducted on long-form items with the Substantiation decision for each abuse type as the criterion. Validity was further tested using receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, correlation with long forms and internal consistency. The four resulting short-form measures, containing 36 of the 82 original items, have validity similar to the original long forms. These short forms can be used to standardize and increase efficiency of APS investigations, and may also offer researchers...

  • development of short form measures to assess four types of elder mistreatment findings from an evidence based study of aps elder abuse Substantiation decisions
    Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect, 2017
    Co-Authors: Scott R Beach, Marguerite Deliema, Madelyn Iris, Melissa J K Howe, Piju Liu, Kendon J Conrad
    Abstract:

    Improving the standardization and efficiency of adult protective services (APS) investigations is a top priority in APS practice. Using data from the Elder Abuse Decision Support System (EADSS), we developed short-form measures of four types of elder abuse: financial, emotional/psychological, physical, and neglect. The EADSS data set contains 948 elder abuse cases (age 60+) with yes/no abuse Substantiation decisions for each abuse type following a 30-day investigation. Item sensitivity/specificity analyses were conducted on long-form items with the Substantiation decision for each abuse type as the criterion. Validity was further tested using receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, correlation with long forms and internal consistency. The four resulting short-form measures, containing 36 of the 82 original items, have validity similar to the original long forms. These short forms can be used to standardize and increase efficiency of APS investigations, and may also offer researchers new options for brief elder abuse assessments.